EP0000187A1 - Method for the reduction of noise during the throttling of vapour and gas flow - Google Patents
Method for the reduction of noise during the throttling of vapour and gas flow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0000187A1 EP0000187A1 EP78100225A EP78100225A EP0000187A1 EP 0000187 A1 EP0000187 A1 EP 0000187A1 EP 78100225 A EP78100225 A EP 78100225A EP 78100225 A EP78100225 A EP 78100225A EP 0000187 A1 EP0000187 A1 EP 0000187A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- throttling
- divided
- cross sections
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
- F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/161—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general in systems with fluid flow
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for noise reduction in the throttling of steam and gas flows, in which the divided flows flow at different speeds.
- noise level reductions of up to 15 dB (A) can be achieved, which are generally not sufficient.
- the reason for the low noise level reduction is given by the geometric dimensions.
- the holes for the partial flows cannot be made arbitrarily small, since the operational safety is then endangered by contamination.
- the sizes become bulky with large quantities. It has also been found that a one-step pressure reduction in no way leads to optimal sound level reductions.
- throttling can be achieved by using series resistors.
- a process can be found which allows the low-noise expansion of gases and vapors with simple, maintenance-friendly and reliable measures which can be adapted to the required procedural and acoustic conditions without problems.
- the flow cross-section in the second section is expanded by 1.5 - 15 times the product of the quotient input druok to end druok times the flow cross-section of the first section.
- the free jets are discharged in such a way that unification of the free jets and thus additional sound generation is avoided.
- the characteristic distances between the boundary walls of the river cross sections in the second section are smaller than the average wavelength of the emitted sound spectrum.
- the relaxation in the first stretch is divided into several mares, which has proven to be advantageous particularly in the case of an extremely high Druok gradient.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Geräuschminderung bei der Drosselung von Dampf- und Gasströmen durch überkritische Entspannung mit anschließenden geteilten Strömen während der Verlangsamung.Process for noise reduction in the throttling of steam and gas flows by supercritical expansion with subsequent divided flows during the deceleration.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Geräuschminderung bei der Drosselung von Dampf- und Gass trömen, bei dem aufgeteilte Ströme mit unterschiedlichen Gesehwindigkeiten fließen.The invention relates to a method for noise reduction in the throttling of steam and gas flows, in which the divided flows flow at different speeds.
Das Entspannen von Gasen oder Dümpfen ist für die Regelung in verfahrens technitschen Anlagen notwendig. Besonders bei chemiaohen Prozessen kommt ein solcher Verfahrensschritt oft vor. Dabei entatehen ungewollt Geräusche, die zu Belästigungen am Arbeitsplatz führen und die Umwelt stören.The relaxation of gases or fumes is necessary for the regulation in process engineering plants. Such a process step often occurs especially in chemical processes. This creates unwanted noises that lead to harassment at the workplace and disturb the environment.
Bekannt ist die Aufspaltung eines Stromes in Teilströme, die einzeln einstufig bis zum gewünschten Druck entspannt werden.It is known to split a stream into partial streams, which are individually expanded in one step to the desired pressure.
Mit diesem Verfahren können Schallpegelminderungen bis zu 15 dB(A) erreicht werden, die im allgemeinen nicht ausreichen. Der Grund für die geringe Schallpegelminderung ist durch die geometrischen Abmessungen gegeben. Einerseits können die Bohrungen für die Teilströme nicht beliebig klein gemacht werden, da dann die Betriebssicherheit durch Verschmutzungen gefährdet ist. Andererseits werden die Baugrößen bei großen Mengen unhandlich. Weiter hat sich herausgestellt, daß ein einstufiger Druckabbau keineswegs zu optimalen Schallpegelminderungen führt.With this method, noise level reductions of up to 15 dB (A) can be achieved, which are generally not sufficient. The reason for the low noise level reduction is given by the geometric dimensions. On the one hand, the holes for the partial flows cannot be made arbitrarily small, since the operational safety is then endangered by contamination. On the other hand, the sizes become bulky with large quantities. It has also been found that a one-step pressure reduction in no way leads to optimal sound level reductions.
Weiter können Drosselungen durch in Reihe geschaltete Stufenwiderstände verwirklicht werden.Furthermore, throttling can be achieved by using series resistors.
Die Effektivität der Schallpegelminderung richtet sich entscheidend nach dem Stufendruckgefälle, Welches durch die Konstruktion der Stufenwiderstände vorgegeben wird. Eine Anpassung an bestimmte Betriebsverhältnisse ist deshalb nachträglich kaum möglich. Auch Fertigungsfehler wirken sich ungünstig aus. Weiter sind solche Konstruktionen oft sehr aufwendig, so daß sie neben hohen Investitionskosten auch viel Wartung erfordern.The effectiveness of the noise level reduction depends crucially on the step pressure gradient, which is determined by the design of the step resistors. An adjustment to certain operating conditions is therefore hardly possible afterwards. Manufacturing errors also have an unfavorable effect. Furthermore, such constructions are often very complex, so that they require a lot of maintenance in addition to high investment costs.
Es ist ein Verfahren zu finden, welches die geräuscharme Entspannung von Gasen und Dämpfen mit einfachen, wartungsfreundlichen und betriebssicheren Maßnahmen erlaubt, die ohne Sohwierigkeiten an die ertorderlichen verfahrena- und schalltechnischen Bedingungen angepaßt werden können.A process can be found which allows the low-noise expansion of gases and vapors with simple, maintenance-friendly and reliable measures which can be adapted to the required procedural and acoustic conditions without problems.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Ströme in einer ersten Strecke auf kurzem Wege überkritisch entspannt werden, dann in einer unmittelbar anschließenden zweiten Strecke vielfach aufgeteilt und verlangsamt werden, wobei die Flußquerschnitte der Kanäle in der zweiten Strecke einzeln kleiner sind als in der ersten Strecke aber in ihrer Gesamtheit wesentlich größer sind als die Gesamtheit der Querschnitte in der ersten Strecke.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the currents in a first section are relaxed supercritically over a short distance, then divided and slowed down in a immediately subsequent second section, the flow cross sections of the channels in the second section being individually smaller than in the first section However, the distance as a whole is considerably larger than the total number of cross sections in the first distance.
Für den Fachmann war es überraschend, daß mit diesem Verfahren eine Pegelsenkung von 30 dB(A) möglich ist. Das kommt dadurch zustande, daß in der ersten Strecke nach Aufteilung in Teilströme die potentielle Energie der Strömung entsprechend dem Druckverhältnis in kinetische Energie umgewandelt wird und daß in der zweiten Strecke die kinetische Energie durch Reibung in Wärme überführt wird. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß in der zweiten Strecke durch die relativ engen Abströmr äume die Energieumwandlung intensiviert und schallarm wird. Außerdem bewirken die engen Abströmungsquersohnitte eine Frequenzerhöhung des Maximums des abgestrahlten Schallspektrums. Die zweite Strecke soll nicht dazu dienen, potentielle Energie abzubauen. Weiter ergibt dieses Verfahren eine gute Regelcharakteristik.It was surprising for a person skilled in the art that a level reduction of 30 dB (A) is possible with this method. This is due to the fact that the potential energy of the flow is converted into kinetic energy in accordance with the pressure ratio in the first segment after being divided into partial flows, and in the second segment the kinetic energy is converted into heat by friction. It is essential here that the energy conversion is intensified and low-noise in the second section due to the relatively narrow outflow spaces. In addition, the narrow flow cross-sections result in an increase in the frequency of the maximum of the radiated sound spectrum. The second route is not intended to reduce potential energy. This method also gives good control characteristics.
Nach einer besonderen Durohführung des Verfahrens wird der Strömungsquersohnitt in der zweiten Strecke um das 1,5 - 15 fache Produkt aus dem Quotienten Eingangsdruok zu Enddruok mal dem Strömungsquerschnitt der ersten Strecke erweitert.After a special process of the process, the flow cross-section in the second section is expanded by 1.5 - 15 times the product of the quotient input druok to end druok times the flow cross-section of the first section.
Durch diese ErweiterUng des Querschnittes werden die Freistrahlen so abgeführt, daß eine Vereinigung der Freistrahlen und damit eine zusätzliche Schallentstehung vermieden wird.Through this expansion of the cross-section, the free jets are discharged in such a way that unification of the free jets and thus additional sound generation is avoided.
In einer weiteren Durchführung des Verfahrens sind die charakteristischen Abstände der Begrenzungswände der Flußquerschnitte in der zweiten Strecke kleiner als die mittlere Wellenlänge des abgestrahlten Schallspektrums. Durch die Einhaltung dieser Bedingung-Wellenlänge zu charakteristischem Abstand, der u.a. auch in der Strouhal-Zahl enthalten ist - wird erreicht, daß die damit erzielten Impedanzaprünge zu einer Schalldämmung fuhren.In a further implementation of the method, the characteristic distances between the boundary walls of the river cross sections in the second section are smaller than the average wavelength of the emitted sound spectrum. By adhering to this condition wavelength at a characteristic distance is also included in the Strouhal number - it is achieved that the impedance jumps thus achieved lead to sound insulation.
Bei einer weiteren Durchführung des Verfahrens wird in der ersten Strecke die Entspannung in mehrere Stuten aufgeteilt, was sich besonders bei extrem hohem Druokgefälle als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat.When the method is carried out further, the relaxation in the first stretch is divided into several mares, which has proven to be advantageous particularly in the case of an extremely high Druok gradient.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2728778 | 1977-06-25 | ||
| DE2728778A DE2728778B2 (en) | 1977-06-25 | 1977-06-25 | Method of noise reduction when throttling steam and gas flows |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0000187A1 true EP0000187A1 (en) | 1979-01-10 |
| EP0000187B1 EP0000187B1 (en) | 1980-09-17 |
Family
ID=6012396
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP78100225A Expired EP0000187B1 (en) | 1977-06-25 | 1978-06-23 | Method for the reduction of noise during the throttling of vapour and gas flow |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4310069A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0000187B1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE868391A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2728778B2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES471079A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7824939A0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5590688A (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 1997-01-07 | Neles-Jamesbury Oy | Device provided with a gas flow channel to reduce noise caused by throttling a gas flow |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3760925B1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2024-12-18 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Combustor assembly of a gas turbine assembly comprising a damper and method for manufacturing |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2263956A1 (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1974-07-04 | Gulde Regelarmaturen Kg | DEVICE TO REDUCE THE SOUND |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4262770A (en) * | 1977-03-28 | 1981-04-21 | Facet Enterprises, Inc. | Porous acoustic element and a method of controlling aerodynamic noise in a flowing gas |
-
1977
- 1977-06-25 DE DE2728778A patent/DE2728778B2/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1978
- 1978-06-23 BE BE2057090A patent/BE868391A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-06-23 DE DE7878100225T patent/DE2860166D1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-23 ES ES471079A patent/ES471079A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-23 IT IT7824939A patent/IT7824939A0/en unknown
- 1978-06-23 EP EP78100225A patent/EP0000187B1/en not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-04-07 US US06/137,922 patent/US4310069A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2263956A1 (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1974-07-04 | Gulde Regelarmaturen Kg | DEVICE TO REDUCE THE SOUND |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 78, no. 11, May 17, 1971, US McGraw-Hill New York H.D. BAUMANN, "Control Valve", Seiten 120-126. * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5590688A (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 1997-01-07 | Neles-Jamesbury Oy | Device provided with a gas flow channel to reduce noise caused by throttling a gas flow |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE868391A (en) | 1978-12-27 |
| DE2860166D1 (en) | 1980-12-18 |
| US4310069A (en) | 1982-01-12 |
| DE2728778B2 (en) | 1979-08-30 |
| EP0000187B1 (en) | 1980-09-17 |
| DE2728778A1 (en) | 1979-01-11 |
| IT7824939A0 (en) | 1978-06-23 |
| ES471079A1 (en) | 1979-01-16 |
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