DK9300032U3

DK9300032U3 - growth System

Info

Publication number: DK9300032U3
Application number: DK9300032U
Authority: DK
Inventors: Pedersen Leif Liebmann
Original assignee: Pedersen Leif Liebmann
Priority date: 1993-01-18
Filing date: 1993-01-18
Publication date: 1994-05-27
Also published as: NL9420014A; NL194027B; AU5880294A; WO1994015451A1; NL194027C

Description

DK 93 00032 U3 iDK 93 00032 U3 i

BESKRIVELSE AF FREMBRINGELSENDESCRIPTION OF THE MOVEMENT

Ansøgningen angår et dyrkningssystem for planter, der er anbragt i en rende eller i et trug uden anvendelse af organisk vækstmedium, men som tilføres en næringsopløsning, og hvor renden eller truget omfatter midler til afdræning af overskydende næringsopløsning.The application relates to a planting system for plants placed in a gutter or in a trough without the use of organic growth medium, but which is fed with a nutrient solution and wherein the gutter or trough comprises means for draining off excess nutrient solution.

Det har i mange år været kendt at dyrke planter i såkaldte vandkulturer eller hydro-systemer, hvor planterne vokser i et uorganisk vækstmedium som f.eks. stenuld eller lignende materiale, eller hvor planterne vokser helt uden vækstmedium, idet der blot anvendes en holder for plantens rødder. I sådanne vandkultursystemer tilføres planternes rodnet kontinuerligt en næringsopløsning, der sædvanligvis recirkuleres og løbende justeres for indhold af næringsstoffer og ilt, samt renses for urenheder og eventuelle rodafsondringer.It has been known for many years to grow plants in so-called water cultures or hydro systems, where the plants grow in an inorganic growth medium such as e.g. rock wool or similar material, or where the plants grow completely without growing medium, using only a holder for the roots of the plant. In such water culture systems, the root of the plants is continuously fed with a nutrient solution that is usually recirculated and continuously adjusted for nutrient and oxygen content, as well as purified from impurities and any root secretions.

Ved kendte systemer af den i krav ls indledning angivne art er renden eller truget anbragt svagt hældende, og næringsopløsningen indføres i trugets ene ende og afdrænes i den anden ende - nemlig den laveste ende, hvorfra det returneres til et rensningsanlæg, hvor næringsopløsningens indhold af næringssalte m.v. justeres, og hvor iltindholdet ligeledes justeres, hvorefter væsken genanvendes. Sådanne systemer har den ulempe at de planter, der er anbragt ved indløbet får bedst vækstvilkår, og de planter, der er anbragt i nærheden af udløbet, får ringere vilkår, bl.a. fordi iltindholdet aftager under næringsopløsningens passage gennem truget, og fordi næringsopløsningens sammensætning kun er helt optimal ved indløbet. Eventuelle rodafsondringer m.v. for de første planter i strømningsretningen vil i øvrigt viderebringes til planterne senere i strømningsret-In known systems of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1, the gutter or trough is placed slightly inclined and the nutrient solution is introduced at one end of the trough and drained at the other end - namely the lower end, from which it is returned to a treatment plant where the nutrient salts content of the nutrient solution is returned. etc. is adjusted and where the oxygen content is also adjusted, after which the liquid is reused. Such systems have the disadvantage that the plants placed at the inlet get the best growth conditions, and the plants placed near the outlet get poorer conditions, i.a. because the oxygen content decreases during the passage of the nutrient solution through the trough and because the composition of the nutrient solution is only completely optimal at the inlet. Any root secretions, etc. for the first plants in the flow direction will be transferred to the plants later in the flow direction.

2 DK 93 00032 U3 ningen.2 DK 93 00032 U3.

Med dyrkningssystemet ifølge nærværende frembringelse opnår man en ensartet vækst, når systemet er udformet som nærmere angivet i krav 1. Med denne udformning får alle planter ensartet vækstbetingelser, fordi de alle modtager frisk og dermed optimal næringsopløsning, uanset hvor i renden eller truget en plante er anbragt. Man får også en ensartet fordeling af nærningsopløsningen, således at alle planters rødder befugtes ensartet, og derved på ensartet måde får tilført ilt og næringsstoffer, hvilket medvirker til ensartet vækst og dermed til optimal udnyttelse af dyrkningssystemet.With the cultivation system according to the present invention, a uniform growth is achieved when the system is designed as specified in claim 1. With this design, all plants obtain uniform growth conditions, because they all receive fresh and thus optimal nutrient solution, no matter where in the gutter or trough a plant is. placed. A uniform distribution of the nutrient solution is also obtained, so that the roots of all plants are wetted uniformly, and thereby uniformly supplied with oxygen and nutrients, which contributes to uniform growth and thus to optimal utilization of the cultivation system.

Hvis dyrkningssystemet ifølge frembringelsen udformes som angivet i krav 2 opnår man udover en ensartet fordeling af næringsvæsken at planternes rodområde bliver placeret i afstand fra renden eller trugets underlag, så eventuel kuldeindtrængen fra koldt underlag kan forhindres.If the cultivation system according to the production is designed as claimed in claim 2, in addition to a uniform distribution of the nutrient liquid, the root area of the plants is placed at a distance from the trench or the trough so that any cold penetration from the cold substrate can be prevented.

Ved at udforme dyrkningssystemet som angivet i krav 3 opnår man en afdræning, som er effektiv, og som fungerer ensartet også selvom renden eller truget ikke er placeret tilstrækkeligt vandret i tværgående retning.By designing the cultivation system as set forth in claim 3, a drainage is obtained which is effective and which functions uniformly even if the gutter or trough is not sufficiently horizontal in the transverse direction.

Ved at udforme dyrkningssystemet ifølge frembringelsen som angivet i krav 4 opnår man en helt optimalt og ensartet fordeling af næringsopløsningen.By designing the culture system according to the preparation as claimed in claim 4, a completely optimal and uniform distribution of the nutrient solution is obtained.

Udformes dyrkningssystemet ifølge frembringelsen som angivet i krav 5, kan man på en enkel, men særdeles effektiv måde få fordelt næringsopløsningen helt uden anvendelse af andre fordelingsmidler end et par langsgående ribber, som samtidig kan medvirke til at sikre, at planterne placeres korrekt i dyrkningssystemet.If the cultivation system according to the production as set out in claim 5 is designed, the nutrient solution can be distributed in a simple but very effective way without using any other distribution means other than a pair of longitudinal ribs, which can at the same time ensure that the plants are placed correctly in the cultivation system.

3 DK 93 00032 U33 DK 93 00032 U3

Dyrkningssystemet ifølge frembringelsen er fortrinsvis udviklet til anvendelse i forbindelse med dyrkning af planter, hvor hver plante er anbragt i en selvstændig lille blok af uorganisk vækstmedium, f.eks. en blok af stenuld 5 eller lignende, eller hvor hver plante er anbragt i en potte eller lignende beholder med uorganisk vækstmedium. Anvendes der firkantede blokke af uorganisk vækstmedium kan disse anbringes enten på den i krav 6 angivne måde eller på den i krav 7 angivne måde. Anbringelsen afhænger bl.a. af 10 hvilken plante, der er tale om. Denne indretning af dyrkningssystemet medfører, at man, uanset hvilken afgrøde, der skal dyrkes i vækstsystemet, får en sikker og god afdræning af næringsopløsningen og eventuelle rod-afsondringer, og man undgår anærob bakterieaktivitet i rodzonen. Anvendes 15 den i krav 7 anviste udforming, får man mulighed for tilførsel af luft og dermed ilt til vækstmedieblokkens underside, hvilket både muliggør øget iltoptagelse i rodzonen og nedsat uønsket bakteriologisk aktivitet i rodzonen.The culture system according to the invention is preferably developed for use in connection with the cultivation of plants, where each plant is placed in an independent small block of inorganic growth medium, e.g. a block of stone wool 5 or the like, or where each plant is placed in a pot or similar container of inorganic growth medium. If square blocks of inorganic growth medium are used, these can be applied either in the manner specified in claim 6 or in the manner specified in claim 7. The placement depends, inter alia, on of 10 which plant is concerned. This arrangement of the cultivation system means that, regardless of the crop to be grown in the growing system, a safe and good drainage of the nutrient solution and possible root secretions is avoided, and anaerobic bacterial activity in the root zone is avoided. If the design according to claim 7 is used, it is possible to supply air and thus oxygen to the underside of the growth medium block, which allows both increased oxygen uptake in the root zone and reduced undesired bacteriological activity in the root zone.

20 Dyrkningssystemet ifølge frembringelsen vil sædvanligvis være udformet med et låg som anført i krav 8, idet man herved får reduceret fordampningen og hindrer algevækst m.v.The culture system according to the invention will usually be designed with a lid as claimed in claim 8, thereby reducing evaporation and preventing algae growth, etc.

Krav 9 og 10 angiver yderligere fordelagtige udformninger 25 af dyrkningssystemet ifølge frembringelsen, hvormed fordelingen af næringsopløsningen yderligere kan forbedres og gøres mere ensartet, og hvormed man får et dyrkningssystem, der kan produceres på en effektiv og dermed på en prismæssig konkurrencedygtig måde, uden det går uden over 30 kvaliteten hvad angår systemets mekaniske egenskaber.Claims 9 and 10 further specify embodiments of the culture system according to the invention, by which the distribution of the nutrient solution can be further improved and made more uniform, and thereby obtain a culture system which can be produced in an efficient and thus in a competitive price manner, without without over 30 quality in terms of the mechanical properties of the system.

TEGNINGDRAWING

Frembringelsen forklares herefter nærmere under henvisning 35 4 DK 93 00032 U3 til tegningen, idet fig. 1 viser et vaekstsystem ifølge frembringelsen, idet truget er vist overskåret og låget delvist fjernet, så man kan se ind i vækstsystemet fig. 2 viser et plant snit II - II i fig. 1, og fig. 3 viser et snit svarende til fig. 2, men i forbindelse med en anden anvendelse af vækstsystemet.The invention is then explained in greater detail with reference to FIG. 1 shows a growth system according to the invention, the trough being shown cut and the lid partially removed so that one can look into the growth system fig. 2 shows a plan section II - II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a section similar to FIG. 2, but in connection with another application of the growth system.

BESKRIVELSE AF UDFØRELSESFORMERDESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

På fig. 1 ses en del af et aflangt væksttrug eller -rende 1 med låg 2. Et dyrkningssystem for planter omfatter et antal, ofte et meget stort antal, af sådanne væksttrug, hvori planterne kontinuerligt forsynes med en næringsopløsning, og hvor overskydende næringsopløsning kontinuerligt afdræ-nes og bortledes via drænrenderne 3 og udløbsrøret 12.In FIG. 1 shows part of an elongated growth trough or trough 1 with a lid 2. A plant cultivation system comprises a number, often a very large number, of such growth troughs in which the plants are continuously supplied with a nutrient solution and in which excess nutrient solution is continuously drained. and discharged via the drain gutters 3 and the outlet pipe 12.

Næringsopløsningen cirkulerer og behandles på kendt måde i et rensningsanlæg, hvor næringsopløsningen regenereres hvad angår iltindhold og næringsindhold, så der altid tilføres frisk, optimal næringsopløsning til væksttrugene. Væksttrugene er anbragt på et underlag 13, således at der er et svagt fald ned mod afløbet 12, f.eks. et fald på 0,4%. Væksttrugene er ofte lange, fra 4 til 24 m.The nutrient solution is circulated and treated in a known manner in a purification plant, where the nutrient solution is regenerated in terms of oxygen content and nutrient content, so that fresh, optimal nutrient solution is always supplied to the growth troughs. The growth troughs are placed on a substrate 13 so that there is a slight fall down to the drain 12, e.g. a decrease of 0.4%. The growth troughs are often long, from 4 to 24 m.

Hvert væksttrug 1 er sædvanligvis fremstillet i plast ved støbning eller ekstrudering, således at truget 1 fremstilles i store længder, der afskæres efter behov og påsættes passende endestykker. Væksttruget omfatter en platform eller forhøjning 4, som er hævet lidt over understøtningen 13, således at eventuel kulde fra understøtningen 13 ikke direkte kan føres op til planterødderne. Forhøjningen 4 mu- 5 DK 93 00032 U3 liggør også anbringelse af varmerør eller lignende, for termisk forbedring af vækstbetingelserne. Centralt i forhøjningen 4 er anbragt en rørledning 7, f.eks. som vist på tegningen i form af et integreret rør, men der kan selvfølgelig også anvendes et selvstændigt rør. Rørledningen 7 anvendes for tilføring af næringsopløsning. Næringsopløsningen ledes fra rørledningen 7 gennem huller eller tilførselsrør 8, f.eks. som vist udført ved en tophætte, så væsken passende fordeles under udledningen. Forhøjningen 4 omfatter i øvrigt i hver side en langsgående ribbe 9, således at der oven på forhøjningen fremkommer et langsgående område for fordeling af næringsopløsningen. Ribberne 9 har en forholdsvis lav højde, således at overskydende næringsopløsning kan forlade området mellem ribberne, enten ved at løbe over ribberne eller ved at forlade området ved en af enderne. Overskydende næringsvæske vil via drænrenderne 3 i hver side ledes til udløbet 12.Each growth trough 1 is usually made of plastic by molding or extrusion, so that the trough 1 is manufactured to large lengths which are cut as needed and fitted with appropriate end pieces. The growth trough comprises a platform or elevation 4 which is raised slightly above the support 13, so that any cold from the support 13 cannot be brought directly up to the plant roots. The elevation 4 mu 93 DK32 00032 U3 also provides for the installation of heat pipes or the like, for thermal improvement of the growth conditions. Central to the elevation 4 is a pipeline 7, e.g. as shown in the drawing in the form of an integrated pipe, but of course an independent pipe can also be used. The conduit 7 is used to supply nutrient solution. The nutrient solution is passed from the pipeline 7 through holes or supply pipes 8, e.g. as shown by a top cap so that the liquid is appropriately distributed during discharge. Incidentally, the elevation 4 comprises on each side a longitudinal rib 9 so that a longitudinal region for distribution of the nutrient solution is formed on top of the elevation. The ribs 9 have a relatively low height, so that excess nutrient solution can leave the area between the ribs, either by running over the ribs or leaving the area at one of the ends. Excess nutrient liquid will be fed to the outlet 12 via the drain gutters 3 on each side.

I området mellem ribberne 9 er anbragt vækstmedieblokke 5, f.eks. mineraluldsblokke, en blok for hver plante 10.Located in the region between the ribs 9 are growth media blocks 5, e.g. mineral wool blocks, one block for each plant 10.

På fig. 2, som viser et tværsnit· i fig. 1, ses hvordan en vækstblok 5 er anbragt og positioneret under en åbning 6 i låget for hver vækstmedieblok. På fig. 2. ses hvordan vækstmedieblokken 5 er anbragt mellem ribberne 9. På figuren ses at blokken er lidt mindre end afstanden mellem ribberne, så næringsopløsningen frit kan passere. Der er dog intet til hinder for, at blokken 5 udfylder området mellem ribberne 9.In FIG. 2, which shows a cross section · in fig. 1, we see how a growth block 5 is positioned and positioned under an opening 6 in the lid for each growth media block. In FIG. 2 shows how the growth media block 5 is arranged between the ribs 9. The figure shows that the block is slightly smaller than the distance between the ribs, so that the nutrient solution can pass freely. However, there is nothing to prevent the block 5 from filling the area between the ribs 9.

På tegningens fig. 3 ses et snit svarende til fig. 2, men hvor der er anvendt en større vækstblok 5, som er anbragt oven på ribberne 9. Herved fremkommer der et område eller mellemrum 11 under vækstmedieblokken, hvilket medvirker til forøget mulighed for tilgang af ilt og luft til plantens 10 6 DK 93 00032 U3 rodzone. For at sikre tilstrækkelig tilførsel af næringsopløsning er vækstmedieblokken 5 anbragt omkring et tilførselsrør 8, således at næringsopløsningen tilføres direkte til plantens rodzone og afdrænes via forhøjningen 4 og 5 drænrenderne 3 som tidligere omtalt.In the drawing FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2, but using a larger growth block 5, which is placed on top of the ribs 9. This creates an area or space 11 below the growth media block, which contributes to increased opportunity for access of oxygen and air to the plant 10 6 DK 93 00032 U3 root zone. To ensure sufficient nutrient solution supply, the growth media block 5 is disposed around a feed tube 8 so that the nutrient solution is fed directly to the root zone of the plant and drained via the elevation 4 and 5 drainage gutters 3 as previously discussed.

Selvom frembringelsen er forklaret i forbindelse med planter, der vokser i en vækstmedieblok 5, er der intet til hinder for, at der i stedet for kunne anvendes andre former for planteholdere, potter og lignende, d.v.s. også holdere for plantevækst uden vækstsubstrat.Although the production is explained in connection with plants growing in a growth media block 5, there is nothing to prevent the use of other types of plant holders, pots and the like, i.e. also holders for plant growth without growth substrate.

1010

Claims

A growing system for plants (10) arranged in a gutter or trough (1) in a growth medium fed to a nutrient solution and wherein the gutter or trough comprises means (3.12) for draining off excess nutrient solution, which system is new in that it comprises means (7,8) for discharging fresh nutrient solution in a number of places distributed over the gutter or trough length and means (9) for distributing the nutrient solution to all the plants in the gutter or trough.

The cultivation system according to claim 1, which is new in that the plants are arranged on a longitudinal elevation (4) which also comprises the water discharge means (8) and the water distribution means (9).

The cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, which is new in that on each side of the elevation there is a longitudinal gutter (3) in connection with a drain (12) and that the gutter or trough (1) is arranged with a drop towards the drain. .

The cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is new in that the elevation (4) comprises a nutrient solution conduit (7) and a plurality of outlet openings or outlet pipes (8) distributed over the gutter or trough length. 30

The cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is new in that the water distribution means consist of at least one longitudinal rib (9) on each side of the elevation (4) and placed on top of it. 35

Growing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is new in that each plant is disposed in each block of inorganic growth medium (5) or in each pot or plant bowl, that each block or pots are located between the water distribution ribs (9) and the outlet openings or outlet pipes (8) for nutrient solutions are positioned in the space between the plants.

Cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is new in that each plant is arranged in its own block of growth medium (5), that each block is so large and arranged that it rests on top of it. The water distribution ribs (9) are arranged to enclose at least one outlet pipe (8) (Fig. 3).

The cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is new in that the entire gutter or trough (1) is covered with a cover (2) with an opening (6) for each plant (10).

Growth system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is new in that the elevation (4) has a substantially flat surface covering at least one longitudinal cavity, preferably a longitudinal cavity on each side of the conduit ( 7) for the supply of fresh nutrient solution.

Cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is new in that the gutter or trough (1) with longitudinal elevation (4), longitudinal drainage channels (3) and longitudinal ribs (9) is made out in one of plastics, preferably also integral with the liquid conduit (7) for supplying the nutrient solution.