DK161499B - ARTIFICIAL Kidney and Procedures for Regulating Ultra-Filtration - Google Patents
ARTIFICIAL Kidney and Procedures for Regulating Ultra-Filtration Download PDFInfo
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- DK161499B DK161499B DK309173A DK309173A DK161499B DK 161499 B DK161499 B DK 161499B DK 309173 A DK309173 A DK 309173A DK 309173 A DK309173 A DK 309173A DK 161499 B DK161499 B DK 161499B
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- dialyzer
- dialysis
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- blood
- ultrafiltration
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- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010005746 Blood pressure fluctuation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010019 resist printing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1694—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes with recirculating dialysing liquid
- A61M1/1696—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes with recirculating dialysing liquid with dialysate regeneration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
- B01D61/243—Dialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
- B01D61/28—Apparatus therefor
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
DK 161499 BDK 161499 B
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en forbedring af den kunstige nyre ifølge patent nr. 139 610 og henhører under det tekniske område, der omfatter bloddialysatorer.The present invention relates to an improvement of the artificial kidney according to Patent No. 139,610 and belongs to the technical field comprising blood dialyzers.
Det er i beskrivelsen til det nævnte patent påvist, 5 at kunstige nyrer med bloddialysatorer, som arbejder i åbent kredsløb, ikke gør det muligt bekvemt at konstatere ultrafiltreringsmængden, og beskrivelsen angiver en bloddialysator, som fungerer i lukket kredsløb, og som muliggør nøjagtig måling af ultrafiltreringsmængden.It has been shown in the specification of the aforementioned patent that artificial kidneys with blood circulators operating in the open circuit do not make it possible to ascertain the amount of ultrafiltration conveniently, and the specification indicates a closed loop blood dialyser which allows accurate measurement of ultrafiltration volume.
10 Nærværende opfindelse angår en bloddialysator til åbent kredsløb og med en dertil knyttet kunstig nyre af den i beskrivelsen til nævnte patent beskrevne art, hvormed det er muligt til enhver tid at måle ultrafiltreringsmængden.The present invention relates to an open-circuit blood dialyzer and to an associated artificial kidney of the kind described in the patent specification, by which it is possible to measure the amount of ultrafiltration at any time.
Den kunstige nyre ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse 15 omfatter i det væsentlige en dialysevæskekilde, en bloddialysator forsynet med en membran, som muliggør samtidig dialyse og ultrafiltrering af blod, en i strømningsretningen efter dialysatoren anbragt cirkulationspumpe for dialysevæsken, en indretning til regulering af trykdifferencen mellem 20 membranens to sider og forbindelsesledninger. Hertil kommer sædvanligvis styrings- og sikkerhedsindretninger. Den kunstige nyre ifølge opfindelsen er kendetegnet ved, at den yderligere er forsynet med a) et omstilleorgan med to stillinger, hvilket organ i sin første stilling på den ene side 25 forbinder dialysevæskekilden med dialysatorens indløb og på den anden side leder den fra dialysatoren udstrømmende dialysevæske til afløb, og i sin anden stilling på den ene side isolerer dialysatoren dels fra dialysevæskekilden, dels fra afgangspassagen, og på den anden side recirkulerer 30 den fra dialysatorens udløb udstrømmende dialysevæske i retning mod dialysatorens indløb, hvorhos det således dannede, lukkede kredsløb er konstrueret i materialer, som sikrer dets indvendige volumens konstans uafhængigt af variationer i væsketrykket, og b) en pumpe til udtagning af dialy-35 sevæske fra det lukkede kredsløb med målelig og indstillelig strømningsmængde.The artificial kidney of the present invention comprises essentially a dialysis fluid source, a blood dialyzer provided with a membrane which allows for simultaneous dialysis and ultrafiltration of blood, a circulation pump for the dialysis fluid arranged in the flow direction after the dialyzer, a device for regulating the differential pressure between the membranes two sides and connecting wires. In addition, control and safety devices are usually provided. The artificial kidney according to the invention is characterized in that it is further provided with a) a two-position switching means, which in its first position, on the one hand, connects the source of the dialysis liquid with the inlet of the dialyzer and on the other hand conducts the dialysis liquid flowing from the dialyzer. to the outlet, and in its second position, on the one hand, the dialyser insulates partly from the source of the dialysis liquid and partly from the outlet passage, and on the other hand, the dialysis liquid flowing from the outlet of the dialyzer towards the inlet of the dialyzer, on which the closed circuit thus formed is constructed. in materials which ensure its internal volume constant independently of variations in fluid pressure, and b) a pump for withdrawing dialysis fluid from the closed circuit with measurable and adjustable flow rate.
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22
Dersom det ønskes, kan et andet omstilleorgan indkoble en dialysevæskeregenerator, f.eks. af den art, som den i beskrivelsen til nævnte patent beskrevne, for om fornødent helt at frigøre dialysatoren fra dens dialysevæskekilde.If desired, another switching means may engage a dialysis liquid generator, e.g. of the kind as described in the specification for said patent, to release the dialyzer completely from its dialysis fluid source, if necessary.
5 Arrangementet ifølge opfindelsen gør det muligt til enhver tid at kontrollere ultrafiltreringsmængden. Det tillader altså indstilling af dialysevæskens tryk, hvad enten ! det er for at justere ultrafiltreringsmængden eller for at i j holde denne konstant uanset en ændring i blodtrykket eller 10 i membranens permeabilitet. ]The arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to control the ultrafiltration amount at any time. So it allows setting the pressure of the dialysis fluid, either! that is, to adjust the amount of ultrafiltration or to keep it constant regardless of a change in blood pressure or in the permeability of the membrane. ]
Man behøver kun at lade nyren arbejde med lukket | kredsløb og med væskeafgang svarende til den ønskede ultrafiltrering og bemærke sig dialysevæsketrykket i dialysa-torens nærhed. Man omstiller derpå apparatet til drift i 15 åbent kredsløb og indstiller f.eks. hanen for tilførsel af ny dialysevæske således, at det af cirkulationspumpen forårsagede undertryk bringes til at svare til det undertryk, der blev konstateret i det lukkede kredsløb.Only the kidney needs to be closed circuit and with liquid discharge corresponding to the desired ultrafiltration and note the dialysis fluid pressure in the vicinity of the dialysator. The apparatus is then switched to operation in an open circuit and, for example, adjusted. the tap for supplying new dialysis fluid such that the negative pressure caused by the circulation pump is made to correspond to the negative pressure found in the closed circuit.
Under målingen i lukket kredsløb er det muligt at 20 regenerere dialysevæsken på en hvilken som helst kendt måde.During the closed circuit measurement, it is possible to regenerate the dialysis fluid in any known manner.
Det har imidlertid vist sig, at man kan recirkulere dialysevæsken én eller to gange, uden at apparatets ydeevne mærkbart ♦ mindskes, og at det, der har betydning, alene er strømningsmængden af ny dialysevæske og ikke antallet af recirkulatio- | 25 ner. Det er derfor tilstrækkeligt, at kredsløbet har en så stor kapacitet, at varigheden af en regulering ikke fører til en utilladelig formindskelse af dialyseudbyttet. For en cirkulationsmængde på 500 ml/min. er en kapacitet på 10 1 tilstrækkelig til at muliggøre regulering af ultrafiltre-3 0 ringsstrømningen i 10, 20 eller 40 minutter alt efter, om man accepterer k, én eller to recirkuleringer.However, it has been found that the dialysis fluid can be recycled once or twice without significantly diminishing the performance of the apparatus and that what matters is only the flow rate of new dialysis fluid and not the number of recirculation | 25 down. Therefore, it is sufficient that the circuit has such a large capacity that the duration of a regulation does not lead to an unacceptable reduction in dialysis yield. For a circulation rate of 500 ml / min. For example, a capacity of 10 liters is sufficient to allow the control of ultrafiltration flow for 10, 20 or 40 minutes, depending on the acceptance of k, one or two recirculations.
Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret under henvisning til tegningen, som skematisk viser en udførelsesform for den kunstige nyre ifølge opfindelsen, idet 35 fig. 1 viser en bloddialysator, som normalt arbejder i åbent kredsløb, med tilhørende ekstraapparatur,The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which schematically shows an embodiment of the artificial kidney according to the invention, with figs. 1 shows a blood circulator, which normally operates in the open circuit, with associated equipment,
DK 161499 BDK 161499 B
3 fig. 2 omstilleorganets stilling under drift i lukket kredsløb, fig. 3 det andet omstilleorgans stilling, når dialyse-væskeregeneratoren benyttes, og 5 fig. 4 et hensigtsmæssigt dialysatorarrangement i recirkulationsstilling under måling af ultrafiltreringen.3 FIG. 2 shows the position of the switching member in operation in a closed circuit; FIG. 3 shows the position of the second switching member when the dialysis liquid regenerator is used; and FIG. 4 shows a suitable dialyzer arrangement in the recirculation position while measuring the ultrafiltration.
Som vist i fig. 1 er en bloddialysator 1 ved hjælp af en membran 2 opdelt i et med patienten M forbundet blodkammer 3 og et kammer 4, til dialysevæsken, det såkaldte bad.As shown in FIG. 1 is a blood dialyzer 1 by means of a membrane 2 divided into a blood chamber 3 connected to the patient M and a chamber 4, to the dialysis fluid, the so-called bath.
10 Membranen kan være af en hvilken som helst kendt art, f.eks. af kobber fiberstof, en art regenereret cellulose.The membrane may be of any known kind, e.g. of copper fiber fabric, a species of regenerated cellulose.
I strømningsretningen foran kammeret 4 findes en dialysevæ-skekilde 15, som enten kan være en beholder med en fortyndet dosis til en hel behandling eller en indretning som er til-15 sluttet vandledningsnettet, og som efter behov fortynder et koncentrat. Kilden 15 er tilsluttet dialysatoren gennem en reguleringshane 16. En volumetrisk pumpe 6 med regulerbar udstrømningsmængde og anbragt i strømningsretningen efter dialysatoren sikrer badets udskiftning og tilvejebringer 20 det undertryk, som bevirker ultrafiltreringen. Et i dialysa-torens nærhed anbragt manometer 10 gør det muligt at bedømme det undertryk, som hersker i kammeret 4. Det viser ikke nødvendigvis det virkelige tryk på et bestemt sted af membranen, men er tilstrækkeligt til på praktisk måde at orien-25 tere om arbejdsbetingelserne.In the flow direction in front of chamber 4 there is a source of dialysis liquid 15 which can either be a container with a diluted dose for a whole treatment or a device connected to the water supply network, which dilutes a concentrate as needed. The source 15 is connected to the dialyzer through a control tap 16. A volumetric pump 6 having an adjustable flow rate and disposed in the flow direction after the dialyzer ensures the bath replacement and provides the vacuum which causes the ultrafiltration. A pressure gauge 10 located in the proximity of the dialyzer allows to evaluate the negative pressure prevailing in chamber 4. It does not necessarily show the actual pressure at a particular location of the membrane, but is sufficient to practically orient about working conditions.
En i åbent kredsløb arbejdende kunstig nyre er sædvanligvis forsynet med forskellige hjælpeorganer, f.eks. en udstrømningsmåler 18 og et kolorimeter 19, som begge er indsat i strømningsretningen efter dialysatoren. Kolorimetret 30 skal afsløre blodlækager.An open-circuit artificial kidney is usually provided with various auxiliary organs, e.g. an outflow meter 18 and a colorimeter 19, both of which are inserted in the flow direction after the dialyzer. Colorimeter 30 should detect blood leaks.
Ifølge opfindelsen kan den fra dialysatoren udstrømmende dialysevæske recirkuleres ved hjælp af et omstilleorgan 17 af enhver egnet konstruktion. Tegningen viser en firevejs-ventil, hvis tilslutninger indbyrdes er forskudt 60* og 35 forbundet henholdsvis med dialysevæskekilden 15, indløbet til kammeret 4, dette kammers udløb og et afløb R for brugtAccording to the invention, the dialysis liquid flowing from the dialyzer can be recycled by means of a switching means 17 of any suitable construction. The drawing shows a four-way valve whose connections are offset 60 * and 35 connected respectively to the dialysis fluid source 15, the inlet to the chamber 4, the outlet of this chamber and a drain R for used.
DK 161499 BDK 161499 B
4 dialysevæske. Fig. 1 viser stillingen for drift i åbent kredsløb, fig. 2 stillingen for lukket kredsløb, hvorved kilden er udkoblet.4 dialysis fluid. FIG. 1 shows the open circuit operating position; FIG. 2 the closed circuit position, whereby the source is switched off.
I strømningsretningen efter kammeret 4 har dialyse-5 væskekredsløbet 5 en forgrening, hvorigennem en volumetrisk pumpe 8 med indstillelig strømningsmængde kan udtage væske med en til den ønskede ultrafiltrering svarende strømningshastighed. Den aftappede mængde kan måles med enhver egnet indretning, f.eks. en gradinddelt beholder 9 eller en inte-10 gr at or, som måler pumpens hastighed og dermed strømningsmængden som funktion af tiden, og som har den fordel at kunne fungere under drift i åbent kredsløb, hvad enten pumpen arbejder eller ikke. Pumpen 8 kan stoppes under drift i i åbent kredsløb, eller den kan arbejde og simulere ultrafil- \ 15 trering. ]In the flow direction after the chamber 4, the dialysis 5 liquid circuit 5 has a branch through which a volumetric pump 8 with adjustable flow rate can take out liquid at a flow rate corresponding to the desired ultrafiltration. The tapped amount can be measured with any suitable device, e.g. a graduated container 9 or integer 10 which measures the speed of the pump and thus the flow rate as a function of time, and which has the advantage of being able to operate in open circuit operation, whether the pump is working or not. The pump 8 can be stopped during operation in an open circuit, or it can operate and simulate ultrafiltration. ]
En bufferbeholder 11, som i lighed med kredsløbet i ! øvrigt modstår fladtrykning ved undertryk, gør det muligt at lade det lukkede kredsløb indeholde en tilstrækkelig mængde dialysevæske til, at målingen af ultrafiltreringsmæng-20 den kan strække sig over en passende tid uden skade for i dialysens kvalitet. jA buffer container 11 which, like the circuit in! moreover, resist printing under pressure, allows the closed circuit to contain a sufficient amount of dialysis fluid to allow the measurement of the ultrafiltration amount to extend over a suitable time without damaging the quality of the dialysis. j
Dersom det ønskes, kan kredsløbet derudover omfatte en dialysevæskeregenerator 7, som tilsluttes ved hjælp af en firevejsventil 20, hvis åbninger indbyrdes er forskudt 25 90°, og som i fig. 1 er vist i den stilling, den indtager, når regeneratoren er udkoblet, mens fig. 3 viser dens indkoblingsstilling. Kredsløbet kan endvidere være forsynet med en termostatisk opvarmningsindretning 12.If desired, the circuit may additionally comprise a dialysis liquid generator 7 which is connected by means of a four-way valve 20, the openings of which are displaced by 90 ° and as in FIG. 1 is shown in the position it occupies when the regenerator is switched off, while FIG. 3 shows its switch-on position. The circuit may further be provided with a thermostatic heating device 12.
Fig. 4 viser en ændret, praktisk udførelsesform for 30 dialysevæskekredsløbet, hvori en såkaldt generatormonitor 27 i form af en kompakt enhed omfatter dialysevæskekilden 15 med dennes indløb for vand 21 og koncentrat 22, dens termostat 12a, reguleringshanen 16, manometeret 10 med kontakter for utilladeligt højt og lavt tryk, kolorimetret 19, 35 strømningsmængdemåleren 18 og cirkulationspumpen 6. Enheden fremtræder i reglen som et hus med tre tilslutninger: IndløbFIG. 4 shows a modified, practical embodiment of the dialysis liquid circuit, in which a so-called compact unit monitor 27 in the form of a compact unit comprises the dialysis liquid source 15 with its inlet for water 21 and concentrate 22, its thermostat 12a, the control tap 16, the pressure gauge 10 with contacts for an impermissibly high and low pressure, colorimeter 19, 35 flow rate meter 18 and circulation pump 6. The unit usually appears as a housing with three connections: Inlet
DK 161499 BDK 161499 B
5 24 for ny dialysevæske, returledning 26 for brugt dialysevæske i retning mod cirkulationspumpen og et udløb 25 for ^ brugt dialysevæske.5 24 for new dialysis fluid, return line 26 for used dialysis fluid towards the circulation pump and an outlet 25 for used dialysis fluid.
I denne udførelsesform er beholderen 11 og omstille-5 organet 17 anbragt direkte mellem monitoren, der er forsynet med tilslutninger 24 og 25, og dialysatorens indløb, hvad der praktisk taget ikke kræver ændring af det eksisterende apparatur.In this embodiment, the container 11 and the switching means 17 are placed directly between the monitor provided with terminals 24 and 25 and the inlet of the dialyzer, which does not require modification of the existing apparatus.
Fig. 4 viser et omstilleorgan bestående af to haner, 10 hvoraf den ene 17a modtager ny dialysevæske, mens den anden 17b modtager brugt dialysevæske. Hanerne er indbyrdes forbundet gennem et kronometrisk eller manuelt manøvreorgan c.FIG. 4 shows a switching device consisting of two taps, 10 of which one 17a receives new dialysis fluid, while the other 17b receives used dialysis fluid. The taps are interconnected through a chronometric or manual actuator c.
Man ville også kunne benytte gliderfordelere.Slider distributors could also be used.
En totalomdrejningstæller 23 gør det muligt at beregne 15 ultrafiltratets samlede volumen, hvorved pumpen 8 arbejder konstant og under drift i åbent kredsløb simpelthen virker som integrator.A total speed counter 23 makes it possible to calculate the total volume of the ultrafiltrate, whereby the pump 8 operates constantly and during operation in the open circuit simply acts as an integrator.
Er dialysevæskekilden 15 en sådan, som arbejder kontinuerligt, kan den dialysevæske, som under en måling af 20 ultrafiltreringsmængden ikke kommer til anvendelse, simpelthen ledes til afløbet*R, som det er vist i fig. 4.If the dialysis liquid source 15 is one which operates continuously, the dialysis liquid which does not come into use during a measurement of the ultrafiltration amount can simply be passed to the drain * R, as shown in FIG. 4th
Manometret 10 vises i fig. 1 og 4 alene tilsluttet det kredsløb 5, som svarer til den af membranens sider, der er i berøring med dialysevæsken. I realiteten er blodets 25 tryk på membranens modsatte side praktisk taget konstant.The manometer 10 is shown in FIG. 1 and 4 are connected only to the circuit 5 which corresponds to that of the sides of the membrane in contact with the dialysis fluid. In fact, the pressure of the blood on the opposite side of the membrane is practically constant.
Det er tilstrækkeligt at overvåge dette tryk, når manometret justeres, og når trykket aflæses.It is sufficient to monitor this pressure when the pressure gauge is adjusted and when the pressure is read.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7227582 | 1972-07-31 | ||
| FR7227582A FR2193624B2 (en) | 1972-07-31 | 1972-07-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK161499B true DK161499B (en) | 1991-07-15 |
| DK161499C DK161499C (en) | 1991-12-23 |
Family
ID=9102618
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK309173A DK161499C (en) | 1972-07-31 | 1973-06-04 | ARTIFICIAL Kidney and Procedures for Regulating Ultra-Filtration |
Country Status (23)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59223B2 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR196355A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT351662B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE800447R (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7304155D0 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1014480A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH579920A5 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD105994A6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2328593C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK161499C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES415549A2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2193624B2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1433794A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU168851B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL42553A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1045618B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU67742A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL173821C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO143783C (en) |
| PL (1) | PL87313B3 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE419288B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU581843A3 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA733740B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4093545A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1978-06-06 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining the amount of ultrafiltration during dialysis |
| JPS51115096A (en) * | 1975-04-01 | 1976-10-09 | Yumiko Nishimoto | Connecting method of exchanging liquid or gas passing circuit to partial recirculator in artificial organ or anesthetic device |
| DE2544258C2 (en) * | 1975-10-03 | 1984-04-19 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Hemodialysis machine |
| JPS5916781B2 (en) * | 1977-10-12 | 1984-04-17 | 株式会社千野製作所 | Automatic ultra-filtration control device |
| DE2754894C2 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1983-10-13 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Device for balancing a fluid withdrawn from a patient with a replacement fluid |
| IT1092077B (en) * | 1978-01-20 | 1985-07-06 | Bellco Spa | PORTABLE MACHINE FOR REGENERATION DIALYSIS |
| FR2447196A1 (en) * | 1979-01-23 | 1980-08-22 | Sodip Sa | MEDICAL EXCHANGER-SEPARATOR WITH MEMBRANES |
| WO1981000518A1 (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1981-03-05 | Vsesoyuzny Nii Med Priborostro | Artificial kidney apparatus |
| DE3020756A1 (en) * | 1980-05-31 | 1981-12-10 | Salvia Regel- Und Medizintechnik Gmbh, 6231 Schwalbach | Measuring fluid withdrawal rate in dialysis system - by aligning floats recording flow rates before and after membrane |
| DE3101159C2 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1985-08-22 | Udipi Ramakrishna Dr. 5100 Aachen Shettigar | Process for purifying blood and artificial kidney for carrying out the process |
| DE3202831C2 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1987-02-26 | B. Braun Melsungen Ag, 3508 Melsungen | Dialysis facility |
| DE3416955C2 (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1986-06-12 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Hemodialysis machine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3441136A (en) * | 1966-07-07 | 1969-04-29 | Milton Roy Co | Controlled blood dialysis system |
| FR1489899A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1967-07-28 | Europarenteral N V Sa | Hemodialysis machine or artificial kidney |
| US3506126A (en) * | 1968-05-03 | 1970-04-14 | Milton Roy Co | Closed recirculating hemodialysis system |
| FR2030673A6 (en) * | 1969-09-24 | 1970-11-13 | Travenol Lab Nv | Artificial kidney |
| NO121008B (en) * | 1969-11-11 | 1971-01-04 | Nycotron As |
-
1972
- 1972-07-31 FR FR7227582A patent/FR2193624B2/fr not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-05-29 NL NLAANVRAGE7307481,A patent/NL173821C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-06-04 BE BE131875A patent/BE800447R/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-06-04 DK DK309173A patent/DK161499C/en active
- 1973-06-04 AR AR248387A patent/AR196355A1/en active
- 1973-06-04 ZA ZA733740A patent/ZA733740B/en unknown
- 1973-06-04 IT IT25007/73A patent/IT1045618B/en active
- 1973-06-04 GB GB2662273A patent/GB1433794A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-06-04 BR BR4155/73A patent/BR7304155D0/en unknown
- 1973-06-04 AT AT486673A patent/AT351662B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-06-05 SU SU7301923446A patent/SU581843A3/en active
- 1973-06-05 SE SE7307909A patent/SE419288B/en unknown
- 1973-06-05 NO NO2352/73A patent/NO143783C/en unknown
- 1973-06-05 LU LU67742A patent/LU67742A1/xx unknown
- 1973-06-05 ES ES415549A patent/ES415549A2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-06-05 CH CH814273A patent/CH579920A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-06-05 DE DE2328593A patent/DE2328593C2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-06-05 JP JP48063297A patent/JPS59223B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-06-06 PL PL1973163127A patent/PL87313B3/pl unknown
- 1973-06-06 DD DD171350A patent/DD105994A6/xx unknown
- 1973-06-19 IL IL42553A patent/IL42553A/en unknown
- 1973-07-18 CA CA176,760A patent/CA1014480A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-07-30 HU HU73RO742A patent/HU168851B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2193624B2 (en) | 1976-03-12 |
| NO143783B (en) | 1981-01-05 |
| AR196355A1 (en) | 1973-12-18 |
| AT351662B (en) | 1979-08-10 |
| LU67742A1 (en) | 1973-12-14 |
| DE2328593A1 (en) | 1974-02-21 |
| HU168851B (en) | 1976-07-28 |
| ZA733740B (en) | 1974-04-24 |
| FR2193624A2 (en) | 1974-02-22 |
| BR7304155D0 (en) | 1974-08-29 |
| NL173821C (en) | 1984-03-16 |
| ES415549A2 (en) | 1978-03-16 |
| IT1045618B (en) | 1980-06-10 |
| CA1014480A (en) | 1977-07-26 |
| AU5651773A (en) | 1974-12-05 |
| DE2328593C2 (en) | 1984-05-30 |
| JPS59223B2 (en) | 1984-01-05 |
| NL7307481A (en) | 1974-02-04 |
| JPS4964291A (en) | 1974-06-21 |
| DK161499C (en) | 1991-12-23 |
| NO143783C (en) | 1981-04-15 |
| NL173821B (en) | 1983-10-17 |
| BE800447R (en) | 1973-12-04 |
| ATA486673A (en) | 1979-01-15 |
| IL42553A (en) | 1976-02-29 |
| CH579920A5 (en) | 1976-09-30 |
| SU581843A3 (en) | 1977-11-25 |
| GB1433794A (en) | 1976-04-28 |
| PL87313B3 (en) | 1976-06-30 |
| SE419288B (en) | 1981-07-27 |
| DD105994A6 (en) | 1974-05-20 |
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