DK147530B - HEAT EXCHANGERS, ISAE HEATER CONTAINER FOR HEATING WATER WATER - Google Patents
HEAT EXCHANGERS, ISAE HEATER CONTAINER FOR HEATING WATER WATER Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK147530B DK147530B DK44277A DK44277A DK147530B DK 147530 B DK147530 B DK 147530B DK 44277 A DK44277 A DK 44277A DK 44277 A DK44277 A DK 44277A DK 147530 B DK147530 B DK 147530B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- manifold
- pipe
- outlet
- water
- heater
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
- F24D3/082—Hot water storage tanks specially adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Description
147530147530
Opfindelsen angår en varmeveksler, især varmtvandsbeholder til opvarmning af brugsvand og bestående af en opretstående forrådsbeholder med en i bunden anbragt tilgangsstuds for vand eller anden væske, der skal opvarmes, og en foroven anbragt afgangsstude for den opvarmede væske samt med et til gennemstrømning med et varmeafgivende medium, såsom damp eller hedtvand, beregnet rørsystem, der har et øvre indløbs-fordelerrør og et nedre ud løbs-samlerør, som hver har en udvendig tilslutningsstuds, og som er indbyrdes forbundne gennem et antal vertikale rørspiralelementer, hvorved skal forstås - i reglen som standardelementer identisk udformede - skruelinieformede rørslanger, der tilsammen danner forrådsbeholderens varmelegeme.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a hot water heater for heating domestic water and consisting of an upright storage vessel with a bottom or nozzle for water or other liquid to be heated, and an upper outlet outlet for the heated liquid as well as a flow-through with a heat emitting medium, such as steam or hot water, calculated pipe system having an upper inlet manifold and a lower outlet manifold, each having an external connection nozzle and interconnected by a plurality of vertical pipe coil elements, to be understood - generally as standard elements identically designed - helical tube hoses which together form the storage tank heater.
Sådanne varmevekslere kan anvendes til opvarmning af brugsvand og andre væsker, ikke alene med fjernvarmevand eller -damp, men også ved udnyttelse af solvarme, jordvarme eller varmen i spildevand (procesvand) af enhver art. For at opnå en økonomisk udnyttelse er det vigtigt, at det anvendte varmemedium (i reglen fjernvarmevand eller kondensat) forlader varmeveksleren med lavest mulig temperatur, og at temperaturen i vandmassen i forrådsbeholderen intetsteds er højere end nødvendigt, for at det aftappede brugsvand kan have den ønskede temperatur. I andre typer varmevekslere end den her omhandlede har man søgt at opnå dette ved at opdele beholderen i to rum ved hjælp af en mellembund, således at man får et koldere nederste rum for køling af og varmemodtagelse fra varmemediet, umiddelbart før det forlader varmeveksleren, og en øverste varmere del til supplerende opvarmning af brugsvandet gennem varmevekslerens top.Such heat exchangers can be used for heating domestic and other liquids, not only with district heating water or steam, but also by utilizing solar heat, geothermal heat or waste water (process water) of any kind. In order to achieve economical utilization, it is important that the used heating medium (usually district heating water or condensate) leave the heat exchanger at the lowest possible temperature and that the temperature of the water mass in the storage container is nowhere higher than necessary for the drained tap water to have the desired temperature. In other types of heat exchanger than the present invention, this has been attempted to achieve this by dividing the container into two compartments by means of an intermediate bottom so as to obtain a colder lower compartment for cooling and heat reception from the heating medium, immediately before leaving the heat exchanger, and an upper warmer portion for additional heating of the utility water through the top of the heat exchanger.
Ved den foreliggende opfindelse er det tilstræbt at opnå en lignende hensigtsmæssig temperaturfordeling i vandet i en forrådsbeholder, som er en simpel beholder med et enkelt indre rum, hvori der er plads til hensigtsmæssige organer til elektrolytisk beskyttelse af rørsystemet og beholderen samtidig med, at man undgår komplikationer med at skulle anbringe en mellembund og rørforbindelser mellem de 147530 2 af denne adskilte rum.It is an object of the present invention to achieve a similar convenient temperature distribution in the water in a storage container which is a simple container with a single inner compartment, in which there is space for appropriate means for electrolytic protection of the pipe system and the container while avoiding complications of having to place an intermediate bottom and pipe connections between the 147530 2 of this separate compartment.
Varmeveksleren ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at der mellem indløbsfordelerrøret og udløbsfordelerrøret er anbragt et mellemste fordelerrør, der er forbundet med det nedre udløbssamlerør gennem et antal rørspiral-elementer, der udgør et første varmelegeme, hvis totale volumen og/eller varmeflade er væsentlig større end det totale volumen og/eller varmefladeareal af et varmelegeme, der udgøres af et antal rørspiralelementer, der forbinder det mellemste fordelerrør med det øvre indløbsfordelerrør, I det nedre, første varmelegeme kan der opnås en væsentlig større afkøling af varmemediet,og ved opdelingen i to etager eller trin opnås desuden en gunstig lagdeling af vandet i forrådsbeholderen efter temperatur, som følge af dæmpningen af den termosifoniske virkning. Med andre ord får man uden at anvende nogen mellembund og uden at skabe hindringer for den elektrolytiske beskyttelse af beholder og rørsystem en opdeling, således at forrådsbeholde-rens øverste del indeholder varmt vand, f.eks, med temperaturer på ca. 50-60°C klar til aftapning, medens den neder-ste del indeholder koldere vand, der først opvarmes efterhånden som der bliver brug for det.The heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized in that between the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold there is arranged an intermediate manifold which is connected to the lower outlet manifold through a plurality of pipe coil elements constituting a first heater whose total volume and / or heating surface is substantially greater than the total volume and / or heat surface area of a heater constituted by a plurality of pipe coil members connecting the intermediate distributor tube to the upper inlet manifold; in the lower first heater a significantly greater cooling of the heating medium can be achieved and by dividing it into two floors. or step further, a favorable stratification of the water in the storage vessel by temperature is achieved as a result of the damping of the thermosiphonic effect. In other words, without using an intermediate bottom and without obstructions to the electrolytic protection of the container and piping system, a partition is obtained so that the upper part of the reservoir container contains hot water, for example with temperatures of approx. 50-60 ° C ready for bottling, while the lower part contains colder water which is only heated as needed.
Princippet ifølge opfindelsen kan måske udtrykkes på den måde, at man har kombineret et termisk effektivt virkende varmelegeme med et termisk bremsende varmelegeme i en og samme beholder, idet varmelegemerne er direkte forbundet, og deres indbyrdes volumen eller varmetransmissionskapacitet er afstemt efter de forekommende driftsforhold, Hørspiralelementerne, der indgår i de to varmelegemer, kan hensigtsmæssigt være standardelementer, og en beholder kan ifølge opfindelsen på simpel måde opbygges ved, at det nederste varmelegeme består af et større antal - f.eks, dobbelt så mange - rørspiralelementer som det øverste.The principle according to the invention may perhaps be expressed in that a thermally efficient heater has been combined with a thermally braking heater in one container, the heaters being directly connected and their mutual volume or heat transmission capacity being adjusted according to the operating conditions, the coil elements which are included in the two heaters may conveniently be standard elements, and a container according to the invention can be simply constructed by the lower heater being made up of a larger number - for example, twice as many - coil elements as the upper one.
Der kan også i en udførelsesform for varmeveksleren ifølge opfindelsen anvendes forskelligt formede rørspiralelementer i de to varmelegemer, f.eks. kan rørspiralelemen-terne i det nederste varmelegeme have større diameter end 147530 3 spiralerne i det øverste varmelegeme. Det har nemlig vist sig, at forholdet mellem rørspiralelementernes højde og diameter har stor betydning for deres virkemåde, F.eks, kan man med 8 m kobberrør, der opvikles i en spiral med diameter på 200 mm, få en k-værdi på ca, 800 kcal/m^ h°C, hvor man ved at opvikle det samme kobberrør i en spiral . med en diameter på 400 mm kun får en k-værdi på ca, 250 kcal/m h°C, Irsagen til denne forskel er, at i det første tilfælde får man termosifonisk virkning, medens rørspiralen i det andet tilfælde virker termisk bremsende.Also, in one embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention, different shaped tube coil elements can be used in the two heaters, e.g. For example, the pipe spiral members in the lower heater may have a larger diameter than the spirals in the upper heater. It has been found that the relationship between the height and diameter of the pipe spiral elements is of great importance for their operation, for example, with 8 m of copper tubes wound in a spiral with a diameter of 200 mm, a k-value of approx. 800 kcal / m ^ h ° C, whereby the same copper tube is wound in a spiral. with a diameter of 400 mm only gets a k-value of approx. 250 kcal / m h ° C. The reason for this difference is that in the first case, a thermosiphonic effect is obtained, while in the second case the pipe coil acts thermally braking.
Den lave hastighed af varmediet gennem det nederste varmelegeme og den ønskede termosifoniske bremsning kan også opnås ved, at rørspiralerne i dette har større lysningsareal end rørspiralerne i det øverste varmelegeme.The low velocity of the heating medium through the lower heater and the desired thermosiphonic braking can also be achieved by having the pipe coils therein have a larger illumination area than the pipe coils in the upper heater.
Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere i forbindelse med tegningen, hvor fig, 1 skematisk viser et lodret snit gennem en udførelsesform for varmeveksleren ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 et vandret snit langs linien II-II i fig, 1, og fig. 3 et tilsvarende vandret snit gennem en modificeret udførelsesform.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail in connection with the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section through an embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a horizontal section along line II-II of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 shows a similar horizontal section through a modified embodiment.
Den på tegningen som et eksempel viste varmeveksler ifølge opfindelsen er en varmtvandsbeholder til opbevaring og opvarmning af brugsvand ved hjælp af et varmeraedium, såsom damp eller varmt vand, som strømmer gennem et rørsystem i beholderen, og som f.eks. kan leveres fra et fjernvarmeanlæg eller en centralvarmekedel.The heat exchanger according to the invention shown by way of example in the drawing is a hot water container for storing and heating utility water by means of a heating medium, such as steam or hot water, which flows through a pipe system in the container, and e.g. can be supplied from a district heating system or a central heating boiler.
Varmeveksleren består af en forrådsbeholder 1, som i bunden har en studs 2 for tilslutning til en koldtvands-lednir.g og i toppen har en studs 3 for tilslutning til en ledning, der fører til tapsteder for varmt brugsvand, Varmeme-diet i form af hedtvand eller damp indføres i beholderen gennem en udvendig studs på et i beholderens øverste del anbragt ringformet indløbsfordelerrør 4, og efter at være blevet afkølet, strømmer varmemediet bort gennem en udvendig studs på 147530 4 et i beholderrummets nederste del anbragt udløbssamlerør 5, Indløbsfordelerrøret 4 kan hensigtsmæssigt være anbragt i en afstand fra beholdertoppen, der omtrent svarer til en fjerdedel af beholderens højde, så der er plads til elek-trolytiske beskyttelsesmidler.The heat exchanger consists of a storage container 1 which has at its bottom a stud 2 for connection to a cold water conduit.g and at the top a stud 3 for connection to a conduit leading to hot water tap locations, the Heat diet in the form of hot water or steam is introduced into the container through an outer studs on an annular inlet manifold 4 located in the upper part of the container, and after being cooled, the heating medium flows away through an outer studs of an outlet collector tube 5, located in the lower part of the container compartment, inlet manifold 4. conveniently located at a distance from the top of the container approximately equal to a quarter of the height of the container so that there is room for electrolytic protective agents.
Tarmetransmissionsfladen, gennem hvilken varme&edi-et afgiver varme til vandet i forrådsbeholderen 1 udgøres af væggene i et antal.skruelinieformede rørslanger, der i det følgende benævnes rørspiraleleroenter.The intestinal transmission surface through which the heat and heat emit heat to the water in the storage container 1 is constituted by the walls of a number of helical tubing tubes, hereinafter referred to as tubular coils.
I varmeveksleren ifølge opfindelsen er varmetrans-missionsfladen fordelt på to varmelegemer, nemlig et første varmelegeme, som er indskudt mellem udløbssamlerøret 5 og et ringformet, mellemste fordelerrør 6 for en første opvarmning af det gennem studsen 2 indstrømmende kolde vand, og et andet varmelegeme, som er indskudt mellem det mellemste fordelerrør 6 og indløbsfordelerrøret 4 for supplerende opvarmning af det varme brugsvand, der aftappes gennem studsen 3. I den viste udførelsesform består det nævnte andet varmelegeme af fire rørspiralelementer 7, medens det nævnte første varmelegeme består af otte varmespiralelementer 8 med lidt større diameter end diameteren af rørspiralelementerne 7.In the heat exchanger according to the invention, the heat transfer surface is divided into two heaters, namely a first heater inserted between the outlet manifold 5 and an annular middle manifold 6 for a first heating of the cold water flowing through the nozzle 2 and a second heater which is interposed between the intermediate manifold 6 and the inlet manifold 4 for additional heating of the hot tap water discharged through the plug 3. In the illustrated embodiment, said second heater consists of four pipe coil elements 7, while said first heater consists of eight heat coil elements 8 with a little larger diameter than the diameter of the pipe coil elements 7.
Tarmemediets strømningshastighed i det første varmelegeme, der udgøres af spiralerne 8, vil, forudsat at alle rørspiraler har samme lysningsareal, kun være halvt så stor som strømningshastigheden i spiralelementerne 7» hvorfor der vil kunne ske en større afkøling af varmemediet i det nederste varmelegeme end i det øverste. Gennemstrømningen af varmemediet styres ved hjælp af en termostatføler 9 i afhængighed af temperaturen af vandet i forrådsbeholderens øverste del, Ted tapning af vand gennem studsen 3 vil koldere vand fra beholderens nederste del strømme op omkring termostaten, som åbner for tilførsel af varmemedium gennem indløbsfordelerrøret 4, hvorved vandet i beholderens øverste del opvarmes til brugstemperatur af det gennem rørspiralerne 7 forholdsvis hurtigt strømmende varmemedium, medens det tilførte kolde vand i bunden af beholderen forvarmes af det i rørspiralelementerne 8 langsommere strømmende varmemedium, 147530 5 som først ved en relativ lav temperatur forlader beholderen gennem udløbssamlerøret 5. Varmemediet kan eksempelvis være hedtvand, der strømmer ind i indløbsfordelerrøret 4 ved en temperatur på ca, 80°C, og som i det øverste varmelegeme afkøles til en temperatur på ca. 60°C, før det strømmer ind i det mellemste fordelerrør 6, og som endelig afkøles til en temperatur på måske 25-30°C, inden det forlader beholderen gennem udløbssamlerøret 5. Vandet i forrådsbeholderen 1 kan eksempelvis strømme ind med en temperatur på ca. 10°C og strømme ud gennem udløbsstudsen 3 med en temperatur på ca. 60°C.The flow rate of the intestinal medium in the first heater constituted by the spirals 8 will, provided that all the tube spirals have the same illumination area, be only half the flow rate of the spiral elements 7, which means that a greater cooling of the heating medium in the lower heater may occur. the top. The flow of the heating medium is controlled by means of a thermostat sensor 9 depending on the temperature of the water in the upper part of the storage tank. Ted taping water through the plug 3, colder water from the lower part of the container flows up around the thermostat which opens for supply of heating medium through the inlet manifold 4. whereby the water in the upper part of the container is heated to operating temperature of the relatively rapidly flowing heating medium through the pipe coils 7, while the cold water supplied in the bottom of the container is preheated by the slower flowing heating medium in the pipe spiral elements 8, which first leaves the container through a relatively low temperature. The heating medium may, for example, be hot water flowing into the inlet manifold 4 at a temperature of about 80 ° C and which in the upper heater is cooled to a temperature of approx. 60 ° C before flowing into the middle manifold 6, which is finally cooled to a temperature of perhaps 25-30 ° C before leaving the container through the outlet manifold 5. For example, the water in the storage vessel 1 can flow at a temperature of approx. . 10 ° C and flow out through the outlet nozzle 3 with a temperature of approx. 60 ° C.
Det vil. forstås, at afstemningen af de to -varmelegemer, således at temperaturfaldet af varmemediet i hvert af dem tilpasses til de foreliggende driftsforhold, kan foretages på andre måder end vist i fig, 1 og 2. F.eks. kan der anvendes andre antal rørspiralelementer i de to varmelegemer,eller varmetransmissionsfladen i det nedersts varmelegeme kan forøges ved anvendelse af rørspiralelementer, der er længere eller som har større diameter. Endvidere kan rørspiralelementerne i de to varmelegemer hensigtsmæssigt være anbragt indbyrdes forskudt,som antydet skematisk i fig. 3.It will. It is understood that the tuning of the two heaters so that the temperature drop of the heating medium in each of them is adapted to the present operating conditions can be done in other ways than shown in Figs. 1 and 2. For example. For example, other numbers of pipe coil elements may be used in the two heaters, or the heat transmission surface of the lower heater may be increased by using longer or larger diameter pipe coil members. Further, the pipe coil elements of the two heaters may conveniently be spaced apart as indicated schematically in FIG. Third
Foruden at opnå en effektiv udnyttelse af varmen i varmemediet ved størst mulig nedkøling af dette, er det med varmeveksleren ifølge opfindelsen lykkedes at bevare fordelene ved opvarmning af brugsvandet ved hjælp af rørspiralelementer samtidig med, at man ved lagdelingen af forrådsvandet har opnået fordelene ved todelte beholdere til trods for, at man har bibeholdt et sammenhængende rum med plads til organer til elektrolytisk beskyttelse af beholder og rørsystem.In addition to achieving efficient utilization of the heat in the heating medium at the greatest possible cooling thereof, the heat exchanger according to the invention has succeeded in retaining the advantages of heating the utility water by means of pipe spiral elements while at the same time obtaining the advantages of two-part containers. despite maintaining a coherent space with space for organs for electrolytic container and pipe protection.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK44277A DK147530C (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1977-02-02 | HEAT EXCHANGERS, ISAE HEATER CONTAINER FOR HEATING WATER WATER |
| NO780248A NO146511C (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-01-24 | HEAT EXCHANGERS, SPECIAL WATER HEATER FOR USED WATER |
| NL7800936A NL7800936A (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-01-26 | HEAT EXCHANGER, ESPECIALLY WATER RESERVOIR FOR HEATING USE WATER. |
| DE19782803664 DE2803664A1 (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-01-27 | HEAT EXCHANGERS, IN PARTICULAR HOT WATER TANK FOR HEATING USED WATER |
| FR7802988A FR2379785A1 (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-01-27 | HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR HOT WATER BOILER FOR HEATING DOMESTIC HOT WATER |
| SE7801135A SE7801135L (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-01-31 | HEAT EXCHANGER, SPECIAL HOT WATER CONTAINER FOR HEATING FOR WATERWATER |
| CH111278A CH626983A5 (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-02-01 | Heat exchanger |
| BE2056657A BE863530A (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-02-01 | HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR WATER RESERVOIR FOR HEATING USE WATER |
| GB4228/78A GB1578505A (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1978-02-02 | Heat exchangers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK44277A DK147530C (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1977-02-02 | HEAT EXCHANGERS, ISAE HEATER CONTAINER FOR HEATING WATER WATER |
| DK44277 | 1977-02-02 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK44277A DK44277A (en) | 1978-08-03 |
| DK147530B true DK147530B (en) | 1984-09-17 |
| DK147530C DK147530C (en) | 1985-09-09 |
Family
ID=8093587
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK44277A DK147530C (en) | 1977-02-02 | 1977-02-02 | HEAT EXCHANGERS, ISAE HEATER CONTAINER FOR HEATING WATER WATER |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE863530A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK147530C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107192279A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of circular passage inside spin shell and tube gas-gas heat exchanger |
-
1977
- 1977-02-02 DK DK44277A patent/DK147530C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1978
- 1978-02-01 BE BE2056657A patent/BE863530A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK147530C (en) | 1985-09-09 |
| BE863530A (en) | 1978-05-29 |
| DK44277A (en) | 1978-08-03 |
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| PRA | Request on administrative re-examination filed | ||
| PRA | Request on administrative re-examination filed | ||
| PRA | Request on administrative re-examination filed | ||
| PDA | Decision on administrative re-examination: patent maintained as unamended | ||
| PRA | Request on administrative re-examination filed | ||
| PUP | Patent expired | ||
| PUG | Patent revoked |