DE910038C - Process for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate melts - Google Patents
Process for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate meltsInfo
- Publication number
- DE910038C DE910038C DES18630A DES0018630A DE910038C DE 910038 C DE910038 C DE 910038C DE S18630 A DES18630 A DE S18630A DE S0018630 A DES0018630 A DE S0018630A DE 910038 C DE910038 C DE 910038C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- melts
- free
- production
- fluorine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/16—Halogen containing crystalline phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Herstellen kristallin erstarrender Silikatschmelzen Silikatschmelzen neigen vielfach dazu, als unterkühlte Schmelze, d. h. glasig zu erstarren. Diese Eigenschaft macht sich die Glasindustrie zunutze.Process for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate melts Silicate melts often tend to be supercooled, i.e. H. glassy too freeze. The glass industry makes use of this property.
Andere Silikatschmelzen, z. B. die von der Zusammensetzung des W ollastonits (Ca0 - Si02) oder des Diopsids (Ca0 - Mg0 # 2 SiO2), erstarren völlig kristallin, jedoch schon bei so hohen Temperaturen, daß der Verformung durch Gießen oder einer anderen Art der Verformung erhebliche technische Schwierigkeiten entgegenstehen.Other silicate melts, e.g. B. that of the composition of the wool elastonite (Ca0 - Si02) or diopside (Ca0 - Mg0 # 2 SiO2), solidify completely crystalline, but already at such high temperatures that deformation by casting or a other types of deformation oppose considerable technical difficulties.
Zu denjenigen Silikatschmelzen, die bei verhältnismäßig niedrigen Temperaturen kristallin erstarren und daher der Verformung durch Gießen leicht zugänglich sind, gehören Schmelzen, die in erheblichen Mengen (2o bis 50 °/o) Flußspat und andere fluorhaltige Stoffe, wie Kryolith, enthalten, insbesondere solche Schmelzen, deren vorwiegende Bestandteile dem Zweistoffsystem Ca 0 - Si 02--CaF2 angehören. Der Gegenstand der Erfindung bezieht sich auf derartige Schmelzen.To those silicate melts that are at relatively low Temperatures solidify in crystalline form and are therefore easily accessible to deformation by casting are, include melts, which in considerable quantities (2o to 50%) fluorspar and Contain other fluorine-containing substances such as cryolite, especially melts the main components of which belong to the two-component system Ca 0 - Si 02 - CaF2. The subject matter of the invention relates to such melts.
Untersuchungen haben ergeben, daß die Kristallisationsfähigkeit dieser Schmelzen auf deren Dünnflüssigkeit beruht und daß im kristallin erstarrten Gießling CaF2 und gegebenenfalls NaF als mineralische Bestandteile vorhanden sind.Studies have shown that the crystallizability of this Melting is based on their thin liquid and that in the crystalline solidified casting CaF2 and possibly NaF are present as mineral components.
Weitere Beobachtungen haben ergeben; daß die Kristallisationsfühigkeit der in Frage stehenden Schmelzen mit zunehmender Schmelzdauer und Schmelztemperatur abnimmt, weil bei hohen Temperaturen die Fluoride oder deren mit den anderen Bestandteilen der Schmelze gebildeten Reaktionsprodukte flüchtig sind.Further observations have shown; that the ability to crystallize of the melts in question with increasing melting time and melting temperature decreases, because at high temperatures the fluorides or their with the other components The reaction products formed in the melt are volatile.
Von ganz besonderem, und zwar ungünstigem Einfluß auf die Kristallisationsfähigkeit der erstarrenden Schmelzen ist die Anwesenheit von Wasserdampf beim Niederschmelzen des Rohstoffgemenges und beim Halten der Schmelze auf Arbeitstemperatur. Wasserdampf reagiert nämlich in an und für sich bekannter `reise mit Flußspat in Gegenwart von Kieselsäure nach der Gleichung CaF.--Si02,--H"O=CaO-Si0. --;HF lind läßt den Fluor des Flußspats in Form des gasfiirmigen Fluorwasserstoffs (HF) entweichen, der seinerseits mit Kieselsäure (las ebenfalls gasförmige Siliciumfluorid (SiF_,) bildet: Si 02 -r 4 H F = z H@ 0 = Si F,. Je mehr nun die Schmelze auf diese oder jene Weise an Fluor verarmt, um so geringer wird ihre Kristallisationsfähigkeit.Of a very special, and indeed unfavorable, influence on the ability to crystallize of solidifying melts is the presence of water vapor when melting down of the raw material mix and at Maintaining the melt at the working temperature. Water vapor reacts in the well-known `journey with fluorspar in Presence of silica according to the equation CaF .-- Si02, - H "O = CaO-Si0. -; HF lind lets the fluorine of the fluorspar escape in the form of gaseous hydrogen fluoride (HF), which in turn with silica (read also gaseous silicon fluoride (SiF_,) forms: Si 02 -r 4 H F = z H @ 0 = Si F ,. The more now the melt on this or if they are depleted in fluorine, the less their crystallizability becomes.
Ausgehend von diesen Erkenntnissen wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, zum Herstellen von kristallin erstarrenden Silikatschmelzen, die erhebliche 'Mengen (2o bis 5o °/ o) Flußspat und,'oder andere Fluor -haltige Stoffe enthalten, beim Niederschmelzen des Rohstoffgemenges und beim Halten der Schmelze auf Arbeitstemperatur die Gegenwart von Wasserdampf auszuschließen.On the basis of these findings, it is proposed according to the invention, for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate melts in considerable 'quantities (2o to 5o ° / o) fluorspar and, 'or other fluorine-containing substances contain, at Melting down the raw material mix and while keeping the melt at working temperature to exclude the presence of water vapor.
Zweckmäßigerweise geschieht das durch Verwendung trockener und von chemisch gebundenem Wasser freier Rohstoffe. Feuchte Rohstoffe müssen also vor der Verwendung getrocknet, hvdratwasserhaltige bis zum Austreiben des chemisch gebundenen Wassers erhitzt werden.Appropriately this is done by using drier and from chemically bound water-free raw materials. Moist raw materials must therefore before Use dried, hvdratwasserhaltige to expel the chemically bound Water can be heated.
In weiterer Fortbildung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Erhitzung des Rohstoffgemenges und der Schmelze durch eine von Wasserdampf freie Heizung erfolgt. Dies geschieht zweckmäßigerweise durch Verwendung trockener und wasserstofffreier oder -armer Brennstoffe, z. B. Generator-Luftgas, oder durch Elektroheizung (wobei es zur Sicherung des durch die Erfindung angestrebten Erfolgs unerheblich ist, ob das Schmelzen in Lichtbogenöfen, Induktionsöfen oder Widerstandsöfen erfolgt und ob die Schmelze selbst als Widerstand dient oder nicht) oder durch indirekte Beheizung des Schmelzgutes.It is a further development of the method according to the invention advantageous if the heating of the raw material mixture and the melt by a heating takes place free of steam. This is conveniently done through use dry and hydrogen-free or low-hydrogen fuels, e.g. B. generator air gas, or by electric heating (whereby it is intended to secure the aim of the invention Success is irrelevant whether the melting in electric arc furnaces, induction furnaces or Resistance furnaces and whether the melt itself serves as a resistor or not) or by indirect heating of the material to be melted.
Es wurde weiterhin gefunden, daß der engere Bereich, innerhalb dessen die Anwendung des Gegenstandes der Erfindung besondere Vorteile bietet, durch die folgende chemische Zusammensetzung der in Frage stehenden Schmelzen gekennzeichnet ist: 30 bis 50 ° in Si02, i5 bis 30 °(n Ca0, 2o bis 40 °,/p CaF., o bis fo °in AI203, o bis 20 °/n 3 \7aF - AlF, (Kn=olith), o bis fo °;, A1 F3.It has also been found that the narrower range within which the application of the subject matter of the invention offers particular advantages is characterized by the following chemical composition of the melts in question: 30 to 50 ° in SiO2, 15 to 30 ° (n Ca0, 2o to 40 °, / p CaF., O to fo ° in AI203, o to 20 ° / n 3 \ 7aF - AlF, (Kn = olith), o to fo ° ;, A1 F3.
In diesen Schmelzen kann bis zu io °;o Ca0 durch Na20 ersetzt sein. Schmelzen dieses Bereichs erstarren kristallin bei im allgemeinen um fooo bis ifoo' C liegende Temperaturen. Sie können in Sandgüß, Kokillenguß und Schleuderguß verarbeitet werden.In these melts, up to 10% Ca0 can be replaced by Na20. Melting of this area solidifies crystalline at generally around fooo to ifoo ' C lying temperatures. They can be processed in sand casting, chill casting and centrifugal casting will.
Als Beispiel einer nach dem Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung herzustellenden,
kristallin erstarrenden Silikatschmelze sei folgende angeführt:
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DES18630A DE910038C (en) | 1950-08-17 | 1950-08-17 | Process for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate melts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DES18630A DE910038C (en) | 1950-08-17 | 1950-08-17 | Process for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate melts |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE910038C true DE910038C (en) | 1954-04-26 |
Family
ID=7475612
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DES18630A Expired DE910038C (en) | 1950-08-17 | 1950-08-17 | Process for the production of crystalline solidifying silicate melts |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE910038C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1260713B (en) * | 1960-10-18 | 1968-02-08 | Heye H | Enamels and glazes |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE151657C (en) * | ||||
DE287394C (en) * | 1913-04-24 | |||
DE332578C (en) * | 1918-09-20 | 1921-02-08 | Harry Fehringer | Process for the production of a slightly liquid, porcelain-like, ceramic mass |
DE410351C (en) * | 1923-01-17 | 1925-03-05 | Heinrich Becker | Process for the production of a porcelain-like mass |
DE430387C (en) * | 1925-04-01 | 1926-06-15 | Heinrich Becker Sen | Process for the production of an easily meltable and pourable, porcelain-like mass |
DE458509C (en) * | 1926-11-27 | 1928-04-12 | Heinrich Becker Sen | Process for the production of a flowable deformable ceramic melt product |
DE544924C (en) * | 1928-11-12 | 1932-02-23 | Gustav Keppeler Dr | Process for melting glass |
DE548530C (en) * | 1928-11-12 | 1932-04-16 | Gustav Keppeler Dr | Device for carrying out the process for melting glass |
DE630898C (en) * | 1933-05-31 | 1936-06-08 | Bernhard Becker | Process for the production of enamel masses from raw waste or other waste materials containing silicate |
-
1950
- 1950-08-17 DE DES18630A patent/DE910038C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE151657C (en) * | ||||
DE287394C (en) * | 1913-04-24 | |||
DE332578C (en) * | 1918-09-20 | 1921-02-08 | Harry Fehringer | Process for the production of a slightly liquid, porcelain-like, ceramic mass |
DE410351C (en) * | 1923-01-17 | 1925-03-05 | Heinrich Becker | Process for the production of a porcelain-like mass |
DE430387C (en) * | 1925-04-01 | 1926-06-15 | Heinrich Becker Sen | Process for the production of an easily meltable and pourable, porcelain-like mass |
DE458509C (en) * | 1926-11-27 | 1928-04-12 | Heinrich Becker Sen | Process for the production of a flowable deformable ceramic melt product |
DE544924C (en) * | 1928-11-12 | 1932-02-23 | Gustav Keppeler Dr | Process for melting glass |
DE548530C (en) * | 1928-11-12 | 1932-04-16 | Gustav Keppeler Dr | Device for carrying out the process for melting glass |
DE630898C (en) * | 1933-05-31 | 1936-06-08 | Bernhard Becker | Process for the production of enamel masses from raw waste or other waste materials containing silicate |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1260713B (en) * | 1960-10-18 | 1968-02-08 | Heye H | Enamels and glazes |
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