DE908174C - Claw oil substitute - Google Patents
Claw oil substituteInfo
- Publication number
- DE908174C DE908174C DEH2925D DEH0002925D DE908174C DE 908174 C DE908174 C DE 908174C DE H2925 D DEH2925 D DE H2925D DE H0002925 D DEH0002925 D DE H0002925D DE 908174 C DE908174 C DE 908174C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acids
- oil
- mixtures
- fatty acid
- carbon chain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 title description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 Fischer-Gatsch Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011287 low-temperature tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FVGBHSIHHXTYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1,1-triol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)(O)O FVGBHSIHHXTYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical compound OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006389 thiodiglycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/1802—Organic compounds containing oxygen natural products, e.g. waxes, extracts, fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/043—Polyoxyalkylene ethers with a thioether group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Klauenölersatz Bekanntlich stellt das Klauenöl, besonders das aus Rinderklauen gewonnene, eines der besten und feinsten Schmiermittel sowie Lederfettungsmittel dar. Seine für ein fettes Öl hohe Alterungsbeständigkeit, seine Kältebeständigkeit und seine ausgezeichnete Schmierfähigkeit bei großer Haftfähigkeit (Kapilarität) lassen es in hohem Maße zum Schmieren von Uhren und anderen Feinapparaten, beispielsweise von Registriervorrichtungen, geeignet erscheinen. Außerdem ist das Klauenöl als feinstes Lederfett, beispielsweise zum Lickern von Chromleder, begehrt. Da es aber keineswegs in unbegrenzten Mengen zur Verfügung steht, ist ein großtechnisch erhältlicher Ersatz sehr erwünscht. Es wurde gefunden, daß Ester bzw. Estergemische aus Fettsäuren mit verzweigter Kohlenstoffkette und mindestens io Kohlenstoffatomen einen vorzüglichen Ersatz für Klauenöl darstellen.Foot oil substitute As is well known, the foot oil exhibits, especially that One of the best and finest lubricants and leather greasing agents obtained from cattle claws Its resistance to aging and cold, which is high for a fatty oil and its excellent lubricity with great adhesiveness (capillary) leave it to a great extent for lubricating clocks and other fine apparatus, for example of registration devices, appear suitable. In addition, the neat oil is as The finest leather grease, for example for licking chrome leather, is in great demand. But there is by no means available in unlimited quantities, it is a commercially available one Replacement very welcome. It has been found that esters or ester mixtures of fatty acids with a branched carbon chain and at least 10 carbon atoms an excellent one Represent a substitute for nipple oil.
Die zur Herstellung der Ester bzw. Estergemische benötigten Fettsäuren mit verzweigter Kohlenstoffkette und mindestens io Kohlenstoffatomen erhält man aus synthetisch gewonnenen Fettsäuren bzw. Fettsäuregemischen. Diese Fettsäuren entstehen z. B. bei der Oxydation von Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffen, wie Fischer-Gatsch, Braunkohlenparaffin, Mineralölparaffin, Paraffin aus der Hydrierung von Tieftemperaturteer u. dgl. mit Sauerstoff, Luft, Salpetersäure oder anderen Oxydationsmitteln. Die im Rohoxydat noch vorhandenen unverseifbaren und wasserlöslichen Bestandteile und die niedermolekularen Fettsäuren werden nach bekannten Arbeitsweisen abgetrennt. Aus diesen freien oder als Seifen vorliegenden Fettsäuren bzw. Fettsäuregemischen werden die Fettsäuren mit verzweigter Kohlenstoffkette durch Behandlung mit organischen Lösungsmitteln herausgelöst. Sie können durch Abtreiben der Lösungsmittel isoliert und gegebenenfalls durch sorgfältige Fraktionierung in die einzelnen Fettsäuren zerlegt werden.The fatty acids required to produce the esters or ester mixtures with a branched carbon chain and at least 10 carbon atoms are obtained from synthetically obtained fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures. These fatty acids arise z. B. in the oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons, such as Fischer-Gatsch, Lignite paraffin, mineral oil paraffin, paraffin from the hydrogenation of low-temperature tar and the like with oxygen, air, nitric acid or other oxidizing agents. the unsaponifiable and water-soluble components still present in the crude oxidate and the low molecular weight fatty acids are separated off according to known procedures. From these free fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures present as soaps the branched carbon chain fatty acids are treated with organic ones Solvents dissolved out. They can be isolated by stripping off the solvents and if necessary by careful fractionation into the individual fatty acids be disassembled.
Zur Herstellung der Ester bzw. Estergemische brauchbare Fettsäuren kann man weiterhin aus Fettsäuregemischen isolieren, die man durch Umsetzung von Olefinen mit Kohlenoxyd-Wasserstoff-Gemischen in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren und nachfolgende Oxydation hergestellt hat. Auch hier werden die verzweigtkettigen Fettsäuren aus dem Fettsäure- bzw. Seifengemisch durch Herauslösen mit organischen Lösungsmitteln gewonnen.Fatty acids which can be used to produce the esters or ester mixtures can still be isolated from mixtures of fatty acids obtained by reacting Olefins with carbon dioxide-hydrogen mixtures in the presence of catalysts and has produced subsequent oxidation. Here too, the branched chain fatty acids are used from the fatty acid or soap mixture by dissolving it out with organic solvents won.
Diese Fettsäuren bzw. Fettsäuregemischewerden in bekannter Weise mit organischen Verbindungen verestert, die mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen enthalten, z. B. mehrwertige Alkohole mit gerader oder verzweigter Kohlenstoffkette, wie Glykol, Butan-, Pentan-, Hexandiol u. dgl., Glycerin, Pentantriol, Pentaerythrit, Mannit, Sorbit u. dgl. Die Stellung der Hydroxylgruppen in der Kohlenstoffkette kann beliebig sein.These fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures are included in a known manner esterified organic compounds that contain at least two hydroxyl groups, z. B. polyhydric alcohols with a straight or branched carbon chain, such as glycol, Butane, pentane, hexanediol and the like, glycerine, pentanetriol, pentaerythritol, mannitol, Sorbitol and the like. The position of the hydroxyl groups in the carbon chain can be as desired be.
Auch mehrwertige Phenole, wie Brenzcatechin, Resorcin, Hydrochinon, Pyrogallol, Oxynaphthole u. dgl. und ihre Kernhydrierungsprodukte, die die entsprechenden mehrwertigen cycloaliphatischen Alkohole darstellen, sind geeignet.Also polyvalent phenols such as catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, Pyrogallol, oxynaphthols, and the like, and their nuclear hydrogenation products, the corresponding Represent polyhydric cycloaliphatic alcohols are suitable.
Die organischen Verbindungen mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen können auch ein oder mehrere Heteroatome in einer offenen oder in einer ringförmig geschlossenen Kohlenstoffkette, wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff und Schwefel enthalten, beispielsweise teilweise verätherte Abkömmlinge d:s Glycerins und seiner höherwertigen Homologen, Polyglykol- und Polyglycerinäther, Di- und Triäthanoiamin, Thiodiglykol u. dgl.The organic compounds with at least two hydroxyl groups can also one or more heteroatoms in an open or in a closed ring Carbon chain such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur contain, for example partially etherified derivatives of glycerine and its higher-valued homologues, Polyglycol and polyglycerin ethers, di- and triethanoiamine, thiodiglycol and the like.
Die so hergestellten Ester bzw. Estergemische besitzen große Haft- und Schmierfähigkeit und sind mit üblichen feinen Schmierölen mineralischer Herkunft, wieWeißölen, sowie mit anderenKohlenwasserstoffen in jedem Verhältnis mischbar. Außerdem besitzen sie sehr tiefe Stockpunkte, eine flache Viskositätskurve und große Temperatur- und Alterungsbeständigkeit.The esters or ester mixtures produced in this way have great adhesive and lubricity and are with common fine lubricating oils of mineral origin, such as white oils, as well as miscible with other hydrocarbons in any ratio. They also have very low pour points, a flat viscosity curve and large ones Temperature and aging resistance.
Infolge dieser Eigenschaften sind die genannten Ester bzw. Estergemische nicht nur geeignet, Klauenöl zu ersetzen, sondern einzelne derselben übertreffen dasselbe in mehrfacher Beziehung, z. B. in bezug auf Alterungs- und Kältebeständigkeit, bedeutend. Sie dienen daher als Schmiermittel für Uhren und feinmechanische Apparate aller Art, wie Registriervorrichtungen. Auch können sie zur Erhöhung der Schmierwirkung und zur Erniedrigung des Stockpunktes anderen Schmierölen zugesetzt werden. Da sie auch Klauenöl als Lederfettungsmittel ersetzen können, können sie mit Vorteil überall da verwendet werden, -,yo bisher Klauenöl gebraucht wurde. Beispiel i Aus einem durch Luftoxydation von Fischer-Gatsch hergestellten Rohoxydationsprodukt wurden die darin enthaltenen wasserlöslichen Bestandteile durch Auswaschen und die unverseifbaren Bestandteile durch Wasserdampfdestillation entfernt. Das erhaltene Fettsäuregemisch wurde destilliert und eine Fraktion mit io bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen im Molekül herausgeschnitten, diese in die Natriumseifen übergeführt und das Natriumseifengemisch durch Auskochen mit Alkohol in bevorzugt geradkettige und bevorzugt verzweigtkettige Anteile getrennt. Der verzweigtkettige Anteil wurde mit Schwefelsäure gespalten, Wasser und Alkohol abgetrieben und die freie Fettsäure in Gegenwart von Zinkstaub bei Zoo bis 24o' und fortlaufender Entfernung des Reaktionswassers mit Glycerin verestert. Das Reaktionsprodukt wurde zuerst mit verdünnter Schwefelsäure, dann mit Sodalösung und schließlich mit Wasser gewaschen. Es wurde ein Ester von folgenden Kennzahlen erhalten SZ = 0,2, VZ = 247, JZ = 18, OHZ - 8', EP =-8' C, Viskosität bei 2ö' = 9,5'E, bei 50°'=3,3a E und bei loö'@= 1,4' E.As a result of these properties, the esters or ester mixtures mentioned are not only suitable to replace neat oil, but some of them surpass the same in several respects, e.g. B. in terms of aging and cold resistance, important. They are therefore used as a lubricant for watches and precision mechanical apparatus of all kinds, such as registration devices. They can also be added to other lubricating oils to increase the lubricating effect and to lower the pour point. Since they can also replace hoof oil as a leather fatliquor, they can be used with advantage everywhere there - yo hoof oil was previously needed. Example i The water-soluble constituents contained therein were removed from a crude oxidation product produced by air oxidation of Fischer-Gatsch by washing and the unsaponifiable constituents were removed by steam distillation. The fatty acid mixture obtained was distilled and a fraction with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule was cut out, this was converted into the sodium soaps and the sodium soap mixture was separated into preferably straight-chain and preferably branched-chain fractions by boiling with alcohol. The branched-chain portion was split with sulfuric acid, water and alcohol were driven off and the free fatty acid was esterified with glycerol in the presence of zinc dust at Zoo up to 240 'and the water of reaction was continuously removed. The reaction product was washed first with dilute sulfuric acid, then with soda solution and finally with water. An ester with the following characteristics was obtained: SZ = 0.2, VZ = 247, JZ = 18, OHZ - 8 ', EP = -8' C, viscosity at 20 '= 9.5'E, at 50 °' = 3,3a E and at loö '@ = 1,4' E.
Der Ester wird in dünner Schicht auf einer Glasplatte verteilt und 24 Stunden lang bei 6o' -der Lufteinwirkung ausgesetzt. Hierbei ist weder Trocknung noch Verharzung festzustellen: das Öl ist daher sehr alterungsbeständig. Fs :ignet sich hervorragend als Schmiermittel für Regi,striervorrichtungen.The ester is spread in a thin layer on a glass plate and Exposure to air for 24 hours at 6o '. Here is neither drying gumming can still be determined: the oil is therefore very resistant to aging. Fs: ignet excellent as a lubricant for registra- tion devices.
Bei-spiel 2 Ein Estergemisch (SZ = 0,2, VZ =:238, TZ = 21, Stockpunkt = -13'a, Viskosität bei Zoo = 19.8 E) wurde aus einem Fettsäuregemisch mit i i bis 16 Kohlenstoff atomen und verzweigter Kohlenstoffkette (SZ=245, Erstarrungspunkt=+8''. Kp=145 bis 195I6 mm) als gelbliches Öl gewonnen. Das Fettsäuregemisch wurde, wie im Beispiel i beschrieben, aus einem Rohoxydat von Fischer-Gatsch isoliert. Durch Veresterung mit Pentaerythrit in Gegenwart von ß-Naphthalinsulfonsäure im Sfickstoffstrom unter Erhitzen bis auf 22o' und Entfernung der überschüssigen Fettsäuren erhält man ein ausgezeichnetes Lederfettungsmittel. Ferner ist es ein hochwertiges Schmieröl, das, einem Dieselmotorenzy linderöl in einer Menge von 5 bis io o/o zugesetzt, dessen Schmierwirkung bedeutend erhöht.Example 2 An ester mixture (SZ = 0.2, VZ =: 238, TZ = 21, pour point = -13'a, viscosity at Zoo = 19.8 E) was obtained from a fatty acid mixture with i i bis 16 carbon atoms and branched carbon chain (SZ = 245, freezing point = + 8 ''. Bp = 145 to 19516 mm) obtained as a yellowish oil. The fatty acid mixture was how described in Example i, isolated from a crude oxidate from Fischer-Gatsch. By Esterification with pentaerythritol in the presence of ß-naphthalenesulfonic acid in a nitrogen stream with heating up to 22o 'and removal of the excess fatty acids an excellent leather fatliquor. It is also a high quality lubricating oil, das, a Dieselmotorenzy cinder oil added in an amount of 5 to 10 o / o, of which Significantly increased lubricating effect.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH2925D DE908174C (en) | 1944-09-30 | 1944-09-30 | Claw oil substitute |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH2925D DE908174C (en) | 1944-09-30 | 1944-09-30 | Claw oil substitute |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE908174C true DE908174C (en) | 1954-04-01 |
Family
ID=7143321
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DEH2925D Expired DE908174C (en) | 1944-09-30 | 1944-09-30 | Claw oil substitute |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE908174C (en) |
-
1944
- 1944-09-30 DE DEH2925D patent/DE908174C/en not_active Expired
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