DE9018158U1 - Means for setting the hair - Google Patents

Description

Description

Products for strengthening hair

The invention relates to a hair strengthening agent which contains a combination of a partially or completely neutralized amphoteric polymer and a non-ionic polymer.

Products for strengthening hair usually consist of solutions of film-forming natural or synthetic polymers. Examples of polymers used are anionic polymers such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid homopolymers or copolymers, copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamides and copolymers based on alkyl vinyl ethers and maleic acid monoalkyl esters, amphoteric polymers such as copolymers of octylacrylamide, acrylate and butylaminoethyl methacrylate, and non-ionic polymers such as vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate.

Polymers suitable for use in hair styling products must have a variety of properties. For example, they must be readily soluble in alcohols and alcohol-water mixtures and compatible with the aerosol propellants commonly used.

r ^f

Furthermore, they must form a clear, shiny film on the hair and give the hair a firm yet flexible hold without affecting the natural grip of the hair. These must also

Polymers must be resistant to humidity so that their fixing properties are retained even in high humidity and the hair does not feel sticky. At the same time, however, it must also be ensured that these polymers can be washed out of the hair easily and without leaving residue.

To achieve the properties listed above, these polymers often have to be combined with certain additives, such as plasticizers or hydrophobic substances. It is also common to improve the washability of polymers containing free acid groups by neutralizing the acid groups.

Although a large number of natural and synthetic polymers with different properties are known, it has not yet been possible to provide a hair strengthening agent that is completely satisfactory in all properties - but especially with regard to the strengthening effect, washability and resistance to humidity.

The task was therefore to provide a hair strengthening agent that does not have the disadvantages of the previously known agents, i.e. that both provides good hair strengthening and is resistant to humidity and at the same time can be easily washed out of the hair.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that by combining at least one partially or completely neutralized amphoteric polymer with at least one non-ionic polymer, a means for

Strengthening of the hair is obtained, which meets all the requirements placed on such a product in an excellent manner.

The present invention therefore relates to a hair fixing agent based on an alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic solution containing a polymer combination, which is characterized in that the polymer combination consists of (a) at least one 50 to 100 percent neutralized amphoteric polymer and (b) at least one non-ionic polymer.

Suitable amphoteric polymers (a) include:

(1) Copolymers of a monomer derived from a vinyl compound having a carboxylic acid group, preferably acrylic, methacrylic, maleic or o(-chloroacetic acid, with a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compound having at least one basic nitrogen atom, preferably a dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate or acrylate or dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide or acrylamide;

(2) Polymers containing units derived from

- at least one monomer from the group of I" acrylamides and "methacrylamides, which are substituted on the nitrogen by an alkyl radical

- at least one acidic comonomer with one or more reactive carboxylic acid groups and

- at least one basic comonomer, for example acrylic or methacrylic acid esters with primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amino substituents or the quaternization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate;

Polymers containing zwitterionic units of the formula

in which Ri is a polymerizable unsaturated group, for example an acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide or methacrylamide group/x and y are integers from 1 to 3, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl, R4 and R5 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals, the sum of the carbon atoms in R4 and R5 being not greater than 10;

(4) Polymers derived from chitosan and containing monomer units of the following formulae:

(A)

NHCOCH3

CH2OH

H
OH

NH2

(B)

CH2OH

NH

CO

R-COOH

(C)

where the unit (A) is present in a proportion of 0 to %, the unit (B) in a proportion of 5 to 50 % and the unit (C) in a proportion of 30 to 90 % and R in the formula (C) is a radical of the formula

f ⁷ C

(O) _n

R ₈ CH

with &eegr; = 0 or 1

where in the case of η = 0 the radicals R5, R7 and Rs independently of one another are hydrogen, methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy or amino, a monoalkylamine or dialkylamine radical which is optionally interrupted by one or more nitrogen atoms and/or optionally substituted by one or more amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkylthio or sulfonic acid groups, or an alkylthio radical whose alkyl group carries an amino radical, where at least one of the radicals Rg, Rj and R8 in this case is hydrogen, or

in the case of η = 1 Rß, R7 and R8 are each hydrogen atoms and salts of these compounds with bases or acids;

(5) Polymers of the general formula

R
I

-(CH-

-CH ₂ )-

CH

COOH

-CH-1

CO

Rl

_R4

R2

-R3

(IV)

in which R is hydrogen, CH3O, CH3CH2O or phenyl, Ri is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical, for example methyl or ethyl, R2 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical, for example a methyl or ethyl radical, R3 is a lower alkyl radical, for example a methyl or ethyl radical, or a radical of the formula R4-N(R ₂ )2 and R4 is the group -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, CH ₂ -CH-

CH3

as well as the higher homologues of these residues and contains up to 6 carbon atoms.

Among these amphoteric polymers, the octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate dipolymer, which is sold under the name AMPHOMER® by National Starch & Chemical Corp., New Jersey/USA, is particularly preferred.

The above-mentioned amphoteric polymers are used according to the invention in a form neutralized by 50 to 100 percent by organic amines or alkanolamines.

Amines or alkanolamines suitable for neutralization are, for example,

2-Amino-2-methyl-l,3-propanediol,

2-Amino-2-ethyl-l,3-propanediol,

2-Amino-2-methyl-l-propanol _f

2-Amino-2-methyl-2-pentanol,

l-Amino-2-methyl-2-propanol,

2-Amino-l-butanol,

3-amino-2-pentanol,

2-Amino-l-phenyl-l-butanol,

2-Dimethylamino-2-methyl-l-propanol,

2-Dimethylamino-2-methyl-I,3-propanediol,

tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane,

Triisopropylamine,

tris-{hydroxymethyl)-dimethylaminomethane, and Nl-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-l,2-propane-

diamine,

neutralization with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-l-butanol and triisopropylamine is particularly preferred.

As non-ionic polymers (b) there can be used, for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate or terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate.

Particularly preferred according to the present invention is the use of copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, which are sold for example by the company BASF, Ludwigshafen/BRD under the name LUVISKOL® VA, as well as terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, which are sold by the company BASF, Ludwigshafen/BRD under the name LUVISKOL® VAP.

The amphoteric polymer (a) and the nonionic polymer (b) are each contained in the agent according to the invention in an amount (based on the solid substance) of 1 to percent by weight, preferably 1 to 6 percent by weight, the total amount (based on the solid substance) of the two polymers in the agent according to the invention being 2 to 12 percent by weight, preferably up to 8 percent by weight.

Preferably, the amphoteric polymer (a) and the nonionic polymer (b) are used in the agent according to the invention in a weight ratio (based on the solid substance) of 1:4 to 4:1.

The hair fixing agent according to the invention preferably has a pH value of 7 to 9.5 and can be in the form of an alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic solution.

Suitable alcohols include in particular the lower alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms that are usually used for cosmetic purposes, such as ethanol and isopropanol. These alcohols can be contained in the agent according to the invention in an amount of 10 to 98 percent by weight, preferably in an amount of 20 to 90 percent by weight.

Of course, the agent according to the invention can also contain other hair cosmetic additives, such as perfume oils, herbal extracts, bactericidal or fungicidal substances, solubilizers for perfume oils, plasticizers such as phthalic acid esters or alkyl citrates, or hydrophobic substances such as silicone oils, provided that such additives appear useful and appropriate.

The hair fixing agent according to the invention is generally in the form of an aerosol hairspray or aerosol hair lacquer or a non-aerosol hairspray or non-aerosol hair lacquer that can be sprayed using a suitable spray device (for example a spray pump).

If the agent according to the invention is in the form of an aerosol hairspray or aerosol hair lacquer, it additionally contains 2 to 80 percent by weight of a propellant and is filled into a pressure container. Suitable propellants are, for example, easily volatile chlorofluorocarbons, such as difluorochloromethane or trichloromonofluoromethane, tetrafluorodichloroethane or lower alkanes, such as n-butane, i-butane and propane, or dimethyl ether, as well as further propellants which are in gaseous form at the relevant pressures, such as N2, N2O and CO2, as well as mixtures of the above-mentioned compounds. Among the above-mentioned propellants, dimethyl ether and mixtures of lower alkanes with dimethyl ether are preferred, with the use of dimethyl ether as a propellant being particularly preferred.

If the hair fixing agent according to the invention is in the form of an aerosol hair spray or aerosol hair lacquer in which dimethyl ether is used as a propellant, it is also possible for the agent according to the invention to be in the form of an aqueous solution which contains a polymer combination of (a) at least one 50 to 100 percent neutralized amphoteric polymer and (b) at least one nonionic polymer.

The hair fixing agent according to the present invention provides excellent fixing properties, improves the shine and feel of the hair and is easy to wash out. Furthermore, the hair treated with this agent does not feel sticky even in high humidity.

These excellent properties are based on a synergistic effect and were not expected due to the properties of the polymer types used.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the subject matter of the invention in more detail.

11

Examples Example II Aerosol Hairspray

3.0 g octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethylmetha-

acrylate copolymer

(Amphomer® from National Starch & Chemical

Corp./USA); 90% with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-

propanol neutralized
7.0 g vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer

(Luviskol® VA 37 I from BASF/BRD; 50

% solution in isopropanol)

Perfume oil

Diethyl phthalate

Ethanol

Water

Dimethyl ether
100.0g

Example 2 s Aerosol Hairspray

1.2 g octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer

(Amphomer® from National Starch & Chemical Corp./USA); 100% neutralized with 2-

Amino-1-butanol
9.6 g vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer

(Luviskol® VA 28 E from BASF/BRD; 50

% solution in ethanol)
0.2 g perfume composition
0.1 g triethyl citrate
29.4 g ethanol
4.5 g water

0.2 G 0.1 G 28.7 G 6.0 G 55.0 q

45/0 g dimethyl ether
10.0 g propane/butane mixture
100.0g

Example 3: Non-Aerosol Hairspray

6.4 g octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethylmetha

acrylate copolymer

(Amphomer® from National Starch & Chemical

Corp./USA); 80% neutralized with tri-

isopropanolamin
3.2 g vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate/vinyl propionate-

Copolymer

(Luviskol® VAP 343 I from BASF/BRD; 50

% solution in isopropanol) 0.2 g polyphenylmethylsiloxane
0.2 g perfume oil
g ethanol
25.0 g isopropanol

100.0g

Example 4: Aerosol hairspray

3.5 g octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethylmetha-

acrylate copolymer

(Amphomer® from National Starch & Chemical

Corp./USA); 85% neutralized with 2-

Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
9.0 gf Vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate copolymer

(Luviskol® VA 37 E from BASF/BRD; 50

%-i ₎ , solution in ethanol)
0.2 g perfume oil

13

26.3g

6.0g

55.0 &sgr;

100.0g

Ethanol

Water

Dimethyl ether

Comparative tests

An aerosol hairspray according to Example 4 (hairspray A) was compared with regard to its setting properties, its washability and its stickiness with two hairsprays, each of which contained only one of the two polymers, either a non-ionic polymer (hairspray B) or an amphoteric polymer (hairspray C).

Hairspray B

16.0 g vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer

(Luviskol® VA 37 E from BASF/BRD;

% solution in ethanol)

Perfume oil

Ethanol

Dimethyl ether

0.2 G 28.8 G 55.0 _G. 100.0 G Hairspray C

6.5g

0.2g

32.3g

6.0g

55.0 α

100.0g

Octylacrylamide/Acrylate/Butylaminoethylmetha-

acrylate copolymer

(Amphomer® from National Starch & Chemical

Cop^./USA); 85% neutralized with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol

Perfume oil ethanol water

Dimethyl ether

14
Festiauna Properties

In an application test on styled hair, the 3 hairspray preparations were compared with each other in terms of their strength and the durability of the hairstyle. For this purpose, the hair of 10 test subjects was sprayed with the hairspray from a distance of 30 cm for 10 seconds using a standard aerosol valve/spray head system (average application rate 0.6 g/s).

The evaluation was carried out by a group of hairdressing experts. The evaluations given in the table below represent the average value obtained from the individual evaluations.

Table 1

j Strength of the hold j Durability of the hairstyle

H1

Hairspray A | very good to good | very good to good Hairspray B | satisfactory | good to satisfactory Hairspray C | good | good

Stickiness

The stickiness of the 3 hairsprays was determined on glass plates using a standardized finger pressure method.

Table 2 * '

Hairspray AJ non-sticky
Hairspray B | slightly sticky
Hairspray C | non-sticky

15
Washability

The washability of the 3 hairsprays was compared using strands of hair that had been sprayed several times with the hairspray and dried in between. The individual strands of hair were each washed for 2 minutes with 50 ml of water at 35 ^° C using 0.2 g of a standard hair shampoo. After washing, the strands of hair were dried and the washability of the 3 hairsprays was assessed based on the feel and softness of the hair and the presence of visible residues. The results are summarized in Table 3.

Table 3

Hairspray A | very good to good washability Hairspray B j very good washability Hairspray C | good washability

The above comparative tests clearly demonstrate that the hairspray according to the invention combines the advantages of hairsprays containing non-ionic or amphoteric polymers without, however, having their disadvantages.

All percentages in this application are by weight.

Claims (11)

16 a - Claims 1. Agent for fixing hair based on an alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic solution containing a polymer combination, characterized in that the polymer combination consists of (a) at least one amphoteric polymer neutralized to 50 to 100 percent and (b) at least one non-ionic polymer. 2. Agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains the polymer combination in an amount of up to 12 percent by weight. 3. Agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains the amphoteric polymer in an amount of 1 to 11 percent by weight. 4. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains the non-ionic polymer in an amount of 1 to 11 percent by weight. 5. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the weight ratio of amphoteric polymer to non-ionic polymer is 1:4 to 4:1. 6. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the amphoteric polymer is an octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer. 7. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the amphoteric polymer is neutralized with 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-2-pentanol, 1-amino-2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-amino-1-butanol, 3-amino-2-pentanol, 2-amino-1-phenyl-1-butanol, 2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, tris-(hydroxymethyl)-dimethylamine methane, triisopropylamine, tris-{hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane or Nl-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-1,2-propanediamine. 8. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the non-ionic polymer is selected from polyvinylpyrrolidone; copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate; and terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, 9. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it contains 2 to 80 percent by weight of a propellant and is in the form of an aerosol hair spray or hair lacquer. 10. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is in the form of a non-aerosol hair spray or hair lacquer. 11. A hair fixing agent based on an aqueous solution containing a polymer combination which contains dimethyl ether as a propellant and is in the form of an aerosol hair spray or hair lacquer, characterized in that the polymer combination consists of (a) at least one 50 to 100 percent neutralized amphoteric polymer and (b) at least one non-ionic polymer.