DE886948C - Schmiermittel - Google Patents
SchmiermittelInfo
- Publication number
- DE886948C DE886948C DEN32A DE886948DA DE886948C DE 886948 C DE886948 C DE 886948C DE N32 A DEN32 A DE N32A DE 886948D A DE886948D A DE 886948DA DE 886948 C DE886948 C DE 886948C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- lithium
- mixture
- soaps
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002888 oleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
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- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
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- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
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- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
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- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/12—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Gegenstand des Patents 842 108 sind Schmiermittel, welche neben einer Schmiermittelbasis eine Lithiumseife
von einer oder mehreren Oxy- oder Polyoxystearinsäuren enthalten. Neben diesen Seifen können
auch Nichtlithiumseifen, wie Natriumseifen, vorhanden sein, wobei aber zweckmäßig die Lithiumseifen
überwiegen. Diese Schmierfette zeichnen sich durch gute mechanische Beständigkeit aus.
Es ist nun gefunden worden, daß Schmierfette gemäß Hauptpatent, welche neben den genannten Lithiumseifen
einen geringeren Gehalt an Natriumseifen enthalten, sich durch ganz besonders günstige Eigenschaften
auszeichnen, wenn der Hydroxylgehalt des Seifengemisches auf einen bestimmten Wert eingestellt
wird. Dieser günstige Hydroxylgehalt des Seifengemisches liegt zwischen 3,2 und 4,0 Gewichtsprozent,
vorzugsweise zwischen 3,3 und 3,9 Gewichtsprozent. Bei einer derartigen Regelung des Hydroxylgehalts
erhält man Schmierfette, welche neben außerordentlich günstigen mechanischen Stabilitätseigenschaften
auch eine gute Beständigkeit bei Temperaturerhöhung und gute Lagerbeständigkeit aufweisen. Es können so
Schmierfette gewonnen werden, welche selbst unter ungünstigen Schmierbedingungen allen Anforderungen
entsprechen und insbesondere nicht bluten.
Im Rahmen der vorstehend beschriebenen Schmierfette kann eine weitere Verbesserung noch dadurch
erzielt werden, daß das Gewichtsverhältnis zwischen den in dem Schmierfett enthaltenen Natriumseifen
und den Lithiumseifen auf einen Wert zwischen 5 : 95
und ίο : 90 eingestellt wird» Durch eine solche Regelung
des Seifenverhältnisses ergeben sich Schmierfette, welche besonders günstige physikalische Eigenschaften
aufweisen; außerdem wird aber auch das Herstellungsverfahren insofern vereinfacht, als-die- Gewinnung von
Erzeugnissen mit übereinstimmenden Eigenschaften in aufeinanderfolgenden Chargen erleichtert wird.
Das bevorzugte Gewichtsverhältnis zwischen Natriumseifen
und Lithiumseifen in dem vorgenannten Seifengemisch liegt zwischen 6 : 94 und 10: 90. Nach
einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung können die Seifen von .einem Gemisch von Oxy- oder PoIyoxystearinsäuren
mit Stearinsäure abgeleitet sein.
Die vorstehend erwähnten speziellen Seifengemische stellen eine wichtige Ausführungsform der Erfindung
dar, dürfen aber nicht als Beschränkung aufgefaßt werden. Im Sinne der Erfindung kommen viele andere
Seifenmischungen, welche Lithiumseifen von Oxy- oder Polyoxystearinsäuren, z. B. der 12-Oxystearinsäure,
und Natriumseifen anderer substituierter oder unsubstituierter Fettsäuren enthalten, in Betracht.
Um den Gesamthydroxylgehalt des Seifengemisches innerhalb der erfindungsgemäßen Grenzen zu halten,
kann die vorhandene Lithiumseife aus einem geeigneten Gemisch einer Lithiumseife einer oder mehrerer
Oxy- oder Polyoxystearinsäuren und einer anderen Lithiumseife bestehen, welche keine substituierenden
Hydroxylgruppen enthält, wie z. B. die Lithiumseife von Stearin-, Palmitin-, Olein-, Laurin- oder Myristinsäure.
In bezug auf das Gewichtsverhältnis zwischen Natriumseife und Lithiumseife, das in einem besonderen
Fall eingehalten werden soll, ist in einfacher Weise zu
berechnen, welches Gemisch, wenn ein solches überhaupt in Betracht kommt, von Lithiumseife der Oxy-
oder Polyoxystearinsäure und einer Lithiumseife einer anderen Fettsäure erforderlich ist, um einen beliebigen
Hydroxylgehalt in dem vorgesehenen Seifengemisch zu erzielen. Wenn es erwünscht ist, zur Herstellung
der Seifengemische gemäß einem wesentlichen Merkmal der Schmierfette nach vorliegender Erfindung als
Ausgangsmaterialien Oxy- oder Polyoxystearinsäuren zu verwenden, die durch unbestimmte Mengen nichthydroxylhaltiger
Fettsäuren verunreinigt sind, kann der Hydroxylgehalt der Seifen oder des Seifengemisches
leicht mit den üblichen analytischen Methoden bestimmt werden. Eine gewogene Menge der zu untersuchenden
PrObC7 wird erhitzt mit einer gewogenen
Menge eines Gemisches aus drei Gewichtsteilen getrockrieten Pyridin und einem Gewichtsteil Essigsäureanhydrid.
Das überschüssige Essigsäureanhydrid wird hydrolisiert, gekühlt und die erzeugte Essigsäure durch
Titration mit alkoholischer Kalilauge bestimmt. Gleichzeitig wird ein Blindversuch unter den gleichen
Bedingungen durchgeführt, wobei lediglich die Untersuchungsprobe weggelassen wird. Die Verringerung
im Essigsäuregehalt infolge der Anwesenheit der Probe ist ein Maß für den Hydroxylgehalt der Probe, wobei
der Azidität der Probe selbst Rechnung getragen werden muß.
Bei der Herstellung von Schmierfetten gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung können die im Patent 842 108
angegebenen Herstellungsweisen benutzt werden. Man kann 'aber statt dessen auch nach üblichen Fettbildungsverfahren
arbeiten, ohne daß dadurch die Eigenschäften des fertigen Produktes beeinträchtigt werden.
Beispielsweise können das geeignete Seifengemisch und die Schmiermittelbasis innig gemischt und durch
Erhitzen und Rühren homogenisiert werden, worauf die-homogene Zusammensetzung in dünnen Schichten
in Tröge ausgegossen wird, in welchen man sie mehrere Stunden abkühlen läßt, bevor sie einem Mahlprozeß
zur Erzielung einer fertigen Fettstruktur unterworfen wird.
Der Gehalt an Lithiumseife im Fett entspricht dem im Patent 842 108 beschriebenen; er kann aber stark
schwanken bis zu der Grenze von 50% Lithiumseife im fertigen Fett, wie dies im Patent 842 108 angegeben
ist. Obwohl der Gehalt an Lithiumseife demnach bis zu 50 °/0 der Fettzusammensetzung ausmachen
kann, ist es praktisch möglich, durch Wahl geeigneter Schmierfettbasen befriedigende Schmierfette herzustellen,
welche nur etwa 10 °/0 oder sogar noch weniger
von dem vorgenannten Gemisch von Natrium- und Lithiumseifen enthalten. Es können auch praktisch
befriedigende Erzeugnisse mit einem Gesamtseifengehalt von etwa 8 Gewichtsprozent, berechnet auf das
fertige Fett, hergestellt werden.
Die Schmierfettbasis, welche bei der Herstellung von Schmierfetten gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendet
wird, kann in ihrer Art stark schwanken und umfaßt beliebige Mineralölschmierstoffe, die normalerweise
zur Herstellung von Fettzusammenstellungen anwendbar sind. So kann ein edeleanusiertes Öl oder
ein Schmierstoff, der nach irgendeinem anderen Lösungsmittelextraktionsverfahren
hergestellt worden ist, wie z. B. nach dem Duosol-Extraktionsverfahren hergestelltes Material, verwendet werden. Die im
Patent 842108 erwähnten Schmierstoffgrundlagen
sind auch zur Herstellung von Schmierfetten gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung brauchbar.
Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern Fettzusammenstellungen im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung.
Die angegebenen Prozentsätze beziehen sich, sofern nicht anders angegeben, auf Gewichtsprozent.
Ein Schmierfett wird hergestellt aus einer Basis aus edeleanusiertem Öl von spezifischem Gewicht 15,5/15,5° "
= 0,906, einer Viskosität (C. S.) bei 37,7° von 139,1,
bei 60° von 41,7 und bei 98,8° von 10,49, einer Viskosität
(Redwood I) bei 6o° von 171 und einem K. V. I.Wert von 46, und dem folgenden Seifengemisch:
Lithiumoxystearat, hergestellt aus hydrierter Rizinusölfettsäure
durch Neutralisation mit Lithiumhydroxyd, Lithiumstearat und Natriumoxystearat.
Dieses Seifengemisch wird so ausgewählt, daß das Verhältnis von Natriumseife zu Lithiumseife 6: 94
und der Hydroxylgehalt des Seifengemisches 3,6% beträgt.
Das Seifengemisch, welches insgesamt 8 % der Gesamtmischung
beträgt, wird mit der öligen Grundlage vermischt, und das Gemisch unter Rühren auf etwa
220° erhitzt, bis es vollständig homogenisiert ist. Nach schwacher Abkühlung wird es dann in dünnen Schiebten
in Tröge gegossen, in welchen die Abkühlung über
Nacht beendigt wird. Dann wird die Zusammensetzung in einer ßfachen Walzenmühle vermählen,
wodurch man das fertige Fett erhält. Während des Abkühlungsvorganges nach dem Homogenisieren
nimmt die Zusammensetzung etwa bei 1450 wohldefinierte
Fetteigenschaften an.
Ein Schmierfett wird hergestellt aus einer Schmiermittelbasis, die aus 45 Teilen des im vorhergehenden
Beispiel beschriebenen edeleanusierten Öls und 55 Teilen eines Schmieröls besteht, das ein spezifisches Gewicht
bei 15,5/15,5° = 0,867, eine Viskosität (C. S.)
bei 37,7° von 14,2, bei 6o° von 6,9 und bei 98,8° von 2,94 sowie eine Viskosität (Redwood I) bei 6o° von 44
aufweist. Als Seifengemisch wird das im vorstehenden Beispiel genannte verwendet, und auch die Art der
Herstellung ist dieselbe. Das Seifengemisch beträgt 8 % der fertigen Fettzusammensetzung.
Ein Schmierfett wird hergestellt aus dem Schmieröl gemäß Beispiel 1 und einem Gemisch von Lithiumoxystearat,
Lithiumstearat und Natriumoxystearat.
In diesem Seifengemisch ist das Verhältnis von Natriumseife zu Lithiumseife 8: 92, und der Gesamthydroxylgehalt
der Seife beträgt 3,6 °/0. Die Herstellung erfolgt nach dem Verfahren gemäß Beispiel 1. In
der fertigen Fettzusammensetzung ist der Seifengehalt etwa 8 %.
Bei jedem der vorstehenden Beispiele ist das erhaltene Produkt charakterisiert durch gleichmäßige Konsistenz,
hohe mechanische Stabilität, sehr gute Stabilität beim statischen Erhitzen und beim Lagern. Unter
diesen Gesichtspunkten sind die Erzeugnisse den entsprechenden Fetten überlegen, welche den gleichen
Gesamtseifengehalt an einem Seifengemisch aufweisen, das aus den drei angeführten Seifen besteht, wobei
aber das Verhältnis Natriumseife zu Lithiumseife außerhalb der obengenannten Grenzen oder der Hydroxylgehalt
des Seifengemisches außerhalb der vorgenannten Grenzen für den Hydroxylgehalt liegt. Es
ist jedoch zu bemerken, daß eine Erhöhung des Hydroxylgehaltes des Seifengemisches über die genannte
obere Grenze nicht so ausgesprochen verschiedene Produkte hinsichtlich Konsistenz und Stabilität
liefert, wie dies der Fall ist, wenn der Hydroxylgehalt unter die untere angegebene Grenze herabgesetzt wird.
Bei Änderungen des Verhältnisses zwischen Natriumseife und Lithiumseife bis zu Werten außerhalb der
angegebenen Grenzen wird festgestellt, daß solche Änderungen eine ungünstige Wirkung auf die mechanische
Stabilität bei Zimmertemperatur ausüben; und bei Abwesenheit einer Natriumseife in dem Fett wird
das Bluten des erhaltenen Schmierfetts ungünstig verändert gegenüber den entsprechenden Eigenschaften
der Zusammensetzungen gemäß vorliegender Erfindung.
Die Schmierfette gemäß Erfindung können auch Zusätze enthalten, die nach der üblichen Praxis oft
bsi der Fettherstellung einverleibt werden. Beispielsweise können Oxydationsverhinderer in geringeren
Mengen einverleibt werden, wie Phenylendiamin, Phenyl-ß-naphthylamin. Es können auch statt dessen
andere Zusätze vorhanden sein, die in bekannter Weise die chemischen Eigenschaften von Schmierfettzusammensetzungen
günstig beeinflussen, z. B. Zusätze, die korrosionsverhindernd wirken.
Claims (5)
- PATENTANSPRÜCHE:ι. Schmiermittel nach Patent 842 108, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einem geringeren Gehalt an Natriumseifen im Vergleich zu Lithiumseifen der Hydroxylgehalt des Seifengemisches zwischen 3,2 und 4,0 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise zwischen 3,3 und 3,9 Gewichtsprozent, liegt.
- 2. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gewichtsverhältnis von Natriumseife zu Lithiumseife im Seifengemisch zwischen 5 : 95 und 10: 90, vorzugsweise zwischen 6 : 94 und 10: 90, liegt.
- 3. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Natriumseifen aus der Natriumseife einer oder mehrerer Oxy- oder Polyoxystearinsäuren bestehen oder diese enthalten.
- 4. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lithiumseifen aus einem Gemisch von Lithiumoxy- oder -polyoxystearaten und Lithiumstearat bestehen.
- 5. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Seifengemisch sich von einem Gemisch von 12-Oxystearinsäure und. Stearinsäure ableitet.I 5334 8.53
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US328095A US2274673A (en) | 1940-04-05 | 1940-04-05 | Lubricating composition |
US472509A US2397956A (en) | 1943-01-15 | 1943-01-15 | Production of lubricants |
GB2566793X | 1948-10-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE886948C true DE886948C (de) | 1953-08-20 |
Family
ID=32233928
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP14700D Expired DE842108C (de) | 1940-04-05 | 1948-10-02 | Schmiermittel |
DEN32A Expired DE886948C (de) | 1940-04-05 | 1948-10-12 | Schmiermittel |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP14700D Expired DE842108C (de) | 1940-04-05 | 1948-10-02 | Schmiermittel |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US2274673A (de) |
CH (1) | CH269511A (de) |
DE (2) | DE842108C (de) |
FR (1) | FR1090381A (de) |
GB (2) | GB637932A (de) |
NL (4) | NL137009C (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1120624B (de) * | 1958-03-05 | 1961-12-28 | British Petroleum Co | Schmierfette |
DE1271882B (de) * | 1960-07-01 | 1968-07-04 | Chem Fab Hoesch K G | Lithiumseifenschmierfett |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2755249A (en) * | 1956-07-17 | Halogenated hydrocarbon-treated | ||
FR797054A (fr) * | 1941-12-24 | 1936-04-20 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Graisses consistantes adhésives et leur procédé de fabrication |
US2432577A (en) * | 1942-05-02 | 1947-12-16 | Patterson | Smoke screen composition |
US2553568A (en) * | 1943-02-25 | 1951-05-22 | Finkelstein Leo | Incendiary filling for bombs |
US2417264A (en) * | 1944-01-01 | 1947-03-11 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricant |
US2443378A (en) * | 1944-07-08 | 1948-06-15 | Du Pont | Chemical process and product |
US2450219A (en) * | 1945-04-10 | 1948-09-28 | Texas Co | Texture-stable lithium base grease |
FR962224A (de) * | 1945-06-21 | 1950-06-07 | ||
US2451895A (en) * | 1946-06-08 | 1948-10-19 | Shell Dev | Synthetic grease |
US2489281A (en) * | 1947-04-04 | 1949-11-29 | California Research Corp | Methacrylates in constant viscosity oils |
US2468099A (en) * | 1947-10-01 | 1949-04-26 | Standard Oil Dev Co | High-temperature grease |
US2491028A (en) * | 1947-10-11 | 1949-12-13 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating grease compositions |
US2651616A (en) * | 1948-01-13 | 1953-09-08 | Shell Dev | Lithium hydroxy stearate grease compositions |
US2577706A (en) * | 1948-11-26 | 1951-12-04 | California Research Corp | High melting-high water-resistant grease |
US2681313A (en) * | 1950-02-20 | 1954-06-15 | California Research Corp | Alkyl orthosilicate and alkoxysiloxane base grease compositions |
US2623017A (en) * | 1950-08-03 | 1952-12-23 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Gel-type grease |
US2696470A (en) * | 1951-03-01 | 1954-12-07 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating greases thickened with carbon black |
BE510612A (de) * | 1951-04-13 | |||
US2606153A (en) * | 1951-04-25 | 1952-08-05 | Gen Electric | Silicone greases |
US2755247A (en) * | 1951-04-27 | 1956-07-17 | Texas Co | Wide temperature range alkali metal grease containing excess alkali metal hydroxides |
US2712527A (en) * | 1952-08-26 | 1955-07-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Improved lubricating greases containing dihydroxy stearic acid soap |
US2737494A (en) * | 1952-09-27 | 1956-03-06 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Stable greases containing synthetic gelling agents |
NL91455C (de) * | 1952-10-16 | |||
US2719124A (en) * | 1953-05-15 | 1955-09-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Grease compositions containing oxonated acid soaps |
FR1109884A (fr) * | 1953-08-10 | 1956-02-02 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Compositions de graisse |
FR1113358A (fr) * | 1953-10-05 | 1956-03-28 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Compositions de graisses |
US2905644A (en) * | 1956-07-24 | 1959-09-22 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Anticorrosion agent |
US2991247A (en) * | 1957-12-18 | 1961-07-04 | Kurt R Fisch | Process for forming a semifluid grease involving cooling to a subzero temperature |
FR1226563A (fr) * | 1959-02-20 | 1960-07-13 | Exxon Standard Sa | Graisses améliorées |
JPS50120473A (de) * | 1974-03-08 | 1975-09-20 | ||
US5858934A (en) * | 1996-05-08 | 1999-01-12 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Enhanced biodegradable vegetable oil grease |
US5595965A (en) * | 1996-05-08 | 1997-01-21 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Biodegradable vegetable oil grease |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2397956A (en) * | 1943-01-15 | 1946-04-09 | Internat Lubricant Corp | Production of lubricants |
US2403104A (en) * | 1942-10-17 | 1946-07-02 | Union Oil Co | Lithium greases |
US2450219A (en) * | 1945-04-10 | 1948-09-28 | Texas Co | Texture-stable lithium base grease |
US2450255A (en) * | 1945-04-17 | 1948-09-28 | Texas Co | Method of preparing lithium base greases |
US2450220A (en) * | 1945-05-03 | 1948-09-28 | Texas Co | Texture-stable lithium base grease |
US2475589A (en) * | 1947-04-18 | 1949-07-12 | Shell Dev | Lubricating grease composition |
-
0
- NL NL66982D patent/NL66982C/xx active
- NL NL73006D patent/NL73006C/xx active
- NL NL66799D patent/NL66799C/xx active
- NL NL137009D patent/NL137009C/xx active
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1940
- 1940-04-05 US US328095A patent/US2274673A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1947
- 1947-07-30 FR FR1090381D patent/FR1090381A/fr not_active Expired
- 1947-08-05 GB GB21283/47A patent/GB637932A/en not_active Expired
- 1947-08-07 CH CH269511D patent/CH269511A/fr unknown
-
1948
- 1948-01-09 GB GB722/48A patent/GB643536A/en not_active Expired
- 1948-10-02 DE DEP14700D patent/DE842108C/de not_active Expired
- 1948-10-12 DE DEN32A patent/DE886948C/de not_active Expired
-
1949
- 1949-07-05 US US103164A patent/US2566793A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1120624B (de) * | 1958-03-05 | 1961-12-28 | British Petroleum Co | Schmierfette |
DE1271882B (de) * | 1960-07-01 | 1968-07-04 | Chem Fab Hoesch K G | Lithiumseifenschmierfett |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1090381A (fr) | 1955-03-30 |
US2566793A (en) | 1951-09-04 |
NL66982C (de) | |
GB637932A (en) | 1950-05-31 |
NL137009C (de) | |
DE842108C (de) | 1952-06-23 |
NL66799C (de) | |
GB643536A (en) | 1950-09-20 |
CH269511A (fr) | 1950-07-15 |
NL73006C (de) | |
US2274673A (en) | 1942-03-03 |
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