DE829336C - Forming or operating electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors, especially high-voltage dry electrolytic capacitors - Google Patents

Description

Forming or operating electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors, in particular High-voltage dry electrolytic capacitors The invention relates to an improvement an electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors. Most of them stayed at the moment Electrolytes consist of three components: water or alcohol, ethers and bases. For high-voltage electrical condensers, the acid component is almost exclusively used Boric acid is used, also in the well-known 13oric acid glycol @ linmoniac electrolyte.

In order to obtain an electrolyte which is opposite to the known electrolytes has a significantly higher spark voltage and a smaller loss angle According to the invention, a forming or operating electrolyte is proposed which, in the approach or in the finished electrolyte at least solo, but not much more than 100% of a phenol contains. In particular, the phenol CBH50H has proven to be very useful. Both monohydric and polyhydric phenols can be used. Fall under this in addition to phenol as such, hydroquinone, resorcinol, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol, tricresol, Guaiacol etc. The proportion of phenol in the electrolyte can generally not be arbitrary "highly elected" - earth. The Phenot is' in an alcohol, z. B. glycerin or Glycol, dissolved and is z. B. in glycol above the melting point of phenol (, 3i ° C) Soluble in every ratio. At room temperature, on the other hand, the soluble one decreases Proportion of phenol to about go% and; is even lower at lower temperatures. The percentage .- ", nt-parts of the components must be based on the lowest Adjust the operating temperature at which the electrolyte should still work properly. If you ignore this rule, then. the electrolyte changes during operation un-d thereby loses its good properties. An electrolyte with has proven itself at least 70% phenol and 10 to 30% glycol.

The conductivity of a phenol-Gllykol Solu-ng w is very small, but you can through the conductivity enhancing substances such. B. ammonia, set to any desired value. An addition of ammonia of about 1% appears appropriate. An electrolyte made from about 85010 phenol, about 15% glycol and an addition of up to 1% ammonia or the like has particularly favorable properties. The viscosity of such an electrolyte is low at room temperature; Glycol. This property allows the winding to be impregnated in a very simple manner by simply placing it in the electrolyte. Another advantage of this impregnation is that the temperature of the electrolyte can be relatively low. Proven to be favorable z. B. at 40 ° C an impregnation time of 10 hours, while at 60 ° C an impregnation time of 4 hours is sufficient. An electrolyte of the above-mentioned composition has the further advantage that it can be produced from its components simply by mixing the starting substances. Since it is expedient not to add any water to this electrolyte and no water is released during production either, it can be produced without boiling. If you want to increase the toughness of a phenol electrolyte, you can use the phenol z. B. by adding formaldehyde to the electrolyte completely or partially resinify to Bakelite and amf in this way resinified phenol electrolytes. It may also be advisable to mix the phenol electrolytes described above with the known boric acid-alcohol electrolytes. Care should be taken, however, that the phenol electrolyte generally only dissolves up to about 150% in the boric acid-alkylene-line electrolyte.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Forming or operating electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors, especially high- volt dry electrolvt capacitors, characterized in that in the approach or in finished electrolyte at least 5%, moderately over 50% o of a phenol:, in particular of the phenol CHOH is included. 2. Electrolyte according to claim i, characterized in that indicates that the phenol in an alcohol z. B. glycerol or glycol, optionally under Addition of conductivity increasing Substances such as ammonia o. D "1., Is dissolved. # 3. Electrolyte according to claim i or 2, there- characterized in that the phenol or the Phelol'-Alkollol-'Solution increases the conductivity llüllende substances such. 11. Annnoniak or the like, in such "amount are added that the electrical lyt has a prescribed conductivity. 4. electrolyte according to claim i, 2 or 3, there- through gekentizeiclinet d @ ate the phenol through Addition of formaldehyde or; the fabrics are at least partially resinified. 5. Electrolyte according to claim i or 2, there- durcii gek, ennzeiclln, et. that he made at least 700j) Phienol ', To up to 30% glycol and up to 3011o ammonia o. D- ". Ordered. 6. electrolyte according to claim 5, characterized in that kentizeicll.net that he is about 851) / o phenol, about i50 / 0 glycol and an addition of up to i 0j0 contains ammonia or the like. 7. Elektrolvt according to: ltisprticli i, thereby generating lietitizeiclinet that he ans a "liscllnahm der tmcll one or more of claims 2 to 6 produced electrolytes. B. electrolyte according to one or more of the Claims i to, ^, dadtti-ch characterized that no water is added. G. Electrolyte according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized draws that he is with the well-known Acid -. @ Alcohol-lactolyte is gletlliscllt.