DE601014C - Process for producing the photosensitivity of photoelectrically active bodies, such as selenium or the like, by means of heat treatment using an inert liquid which transfers the heat to the body concerned - Google Patents
Process for producing the photosensitivity of photoelectrically active bodies, such as selenium or the like, by means of heat treatment using an inert liquid which transfers the heat to the body concernedInfo
- Publication number
- DE601014C DE601014C DE1930601014D DE601014DD DE601014C DE 601014 C DE601014 C DE 601014C DE 1930601014 D DE1930601014 D DE 1930601014D DE 601014D D DE601014D D DE 601014DD DE 601014 C DE601014 C DE 601014C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat treatment
- heat
- selenium
- photosensitivity
- photoelectrically active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 5
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003748 selenium group Chemical group *[Se]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D48/00—Individual devices not covered by groups H10D1/00 - H10D44/00
- H10D48/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10D48/04—Manufacture or treatment of devices having bodies comprising selenium or tellurium in uncombined form
- H10D48/043—Preliminary treatment of the selenium or tellurium, its application to foundation plates or the subsequent treatment of the combination
- H10D48/045—Treatment of the surface of the selenium or tellurium layer after having been made conductive
Landscapes
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHES REICHGERMAN EMPIRE
AUSGEGEBEN AM
6. AUGUST 1934ISSUED ON
AUGUST 6, 1934
REICHSPATENTAMTREICH PATENT OFFICE
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
Ja 601014 KLASSE 21 g GRUPPE Yes 601014 CLASS 21 g GROUP
Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft in Berlin*)General Electricity Society in Berlin *)
den betreffenden Körper übertragenden indifferenten Flüssigkeitindifferent fluid that transfers the body in question
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 22. Juni 1930 abPatented in the German Empire on June 22, 1930
Es ist bekannt, daß manche lichtelektrisch aktive Körper ihre Aktivität erst durch mehr oder weniger umständliche Wärmebehandlung gewinnen. Der typische Vertreter dieser Körper ist das Selen. Die an sich bekannten Herstellungsvorschriften des photoelektrisch aktiven Selens geben an, daß man durch ein längeres Tempern bei 140 bis 2400 (hierin gehen die Angaben weitgehendst auseinander) das aktive Material gewinnen kann. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daß die nach diesen Vorschriften hergestellten Zellen bisher voneinander wesentlich abweichende Eigenschaften zeigen. Insbesondere ist die Empfindlichkeit der einzelnen Zellen voneinander sehr verschieden, und es ist sogar bei Innehaltung! derselben Herstellungsbedingungen eine Seltenheit, daß man zwei in ihren Eigenschaften übereinstimmende Zellen erhalten kann.It is known that some photoelectrically active bodies only gain their activity through more or less laborious heat treatment. The typical representative of this body is selenium. The production instructions for photoelectrically active selenium, which are known per se, indicate that the active material can be obtained by prolonged tempering at 140 to 240 ° (here the details largely differ). It is also known that the cells produced according to these regulations have hitherto exhibited properties that differ significantly from one another. In particular, the sensitivity of the individual cells is very different from one another, and it is even when you pause! Under the same manufacturing conditions, it is a rarity that two cells with identical properties can be obtained.
ao Diese Nachteile werden behoben, und Zellen gleichmäßiger Beschaffenheit werden erzielt, wenn bei dem Verfahren zur Erzeugung der Lichtempfindlichkeit mittels Wärmebehandlung unter Verwendung einer die Wärme auf den betreffenden Körper übertragenden indifferenten Flüssigkeit gemäß der Erfindung in den Wärmeübertragungsmedien mehr oder weniger fein verteilte, bereits lichtelektrisch aktive Substanzen zu Beginn oder erst bei der Abkühlung suspendiert werden.ao These disadvantages are eliminated, and cells of uniform consistency are obtained, when in the method of generating photosensitivity by means of heat treatment using an indifferent liquid which transfers the heat to the body in question according to FIG Invention in the heat transfer media more or less finely distributed, already photoelectric active substances are suspended at the beginning or only when cooling down.
Eine Wärmebehandlung von Selenzellen in einem Öl- oder Paraffinbade ist an sich, bekannt. Durch einen Zusatz aktiven Materials zu der zu aktivierenden Substanz auf Art eines Impfprozesses erzielt man demgegenüber eine weitgehende Zeit- und Wärmeersparnis, d.h. eine äußerst rasche Bildung der aktiven Modifikation. Durch dieses Verfahren ist es möglich, Photozellen, insbesondere Selenzellen (auch Thallofidzellen. usw.), von nahezu gleichen Eigenschaften serienmäßig in äußerst wirtschaftlicher Weise herzustellen. A heat treatment of selenium cells in an oil or paraffin bath is in itself, known. By adding active material to the substance to be activated In contrast, a type of vaccination process achieves extensive time and heat savings, i.e., an extremely rapid formation of the active modification. Through this procedure it is possible to use photocells, especially selenium cells (also thallofid cells, etc.), with almost the same properties in series in an extremely economical manner.
Die Erfindung kann so ausgeführt werden, daß man bei der Wärmebehandlung schon von vornherein bereits aktiviertes Material in mehr oder weniger feiner Verteilung zugibt in der Weise, daß dieses mit dem Medium, in dem die Wärmebehandlung stattfindet, eine möglichst homogene Suspension bildet. Die Aufrechterhaltung dieser Suspension während des Erwärmungs- bzw. Abkühlungsvorgangs wird nötigenfalls durch geeignete Rühr- oder Schüttelvorrichtungen erzielt. Bei lichtempfindlichen Substanzen, deren Umwandlungspunkt in der Nähe der Temperatur liegt,The invention can be carried out in such a way that the heat treatment of already activated material is added in a more or less fine distribution in such a way that this with the medium in which the heat treatment takes place, one Forms a suspension that is as homogeneous as possible. Maintaining this suspension during the heating or cooling process is, if necessary, by suitable stirring or Shakers achieved. In the case of light-sensitive substances, their transformation point is close to the temperature,
*) Von dem Patentsucher ist als der Erfinder angegeben worden:*) The patent seeker stated as the inventor:
Dr. Vilmös Erwin Burg in Karlsruhe, Baden.Dr. Vilmös Erwin Castle in Karlsruhe, Baden.
bei welcher die Wärmebehandlung stattfindet, ist es gegebenenfalls zweckmäßig, das
aktive Material erst kurz vor bzw. während des Abkühlungsvorgangs hinzuzufügen.
Als Wärmeübertragungsmedien, in denen die Wärmebehandlung vorgenommen wird,
kommen indifferente Flüssigkeiten von solchem Siedepunkt in Frage, welcher genügend
hoch über dem Temperaturgrad liegt, bei dem ίο die in Frage kommenden lichtempfindlichen
Körper behandelt werden müssen. Dabei ist es gleichgültig, ob man die betreffenden Substanzen
rein oder bereits auf irgendeinen Trägerkörper aufgetragen behandelt. Die
Flüssigkeiten, in denen die Wärmebehandlung und die Abkühlung stattfindet, können sowohl
organische, z. B. Paraffin bzw. Paraffinöl, Glycerin, Harze u. dgl., wie auch anorganische,
z. B. Schwefelsäure, hochsiedende Salzlösungen, Salzschmelzen usw., sein. Um ein Verdampfen
flüchtiger Substanzen zu verhindern, wird zweckmäßig Rückflußkühlung angewandt. Die auf vorstehende Weise behandelten
lichtempfindlichen Körper werden von dem anhaftenden Medium, in dem die Wärmebehandlung
erfolgte, durch geeignete Lösungsmittel gereinigt.in which the heat treatment takes place, it may be expedient to add the active material only shortly before or during the cooling process.
The heat transfer media in which the heat treatment is carried out are inert liquids with a boiling point which is sufficiently high above the temperature level at which the light-sensitive bodies in question must be treated. It does not matter whether the substances in question are treated pure or already applied to some kind of carrier. The liquids in which the heat treatment and cooling takes place can be organic, e.g. B. paraffin or paraffin oil, glycerin, resins and the like., As well as inorganic, z. B. sulfuric acid, high-boiling salt solutions, molten salts, etc., be. In order to prevent evaporation of volatile substances, reflux cooling is expediently used. The photosensitive bodies treated in the above manner are cleaned of the adhering medium in which the heat treatment was carried out by suitable solvents.
Es hat sich ferner gezeigt, daß die verschiedenen lichtempfindlichen Körper verschiedene spezifische, für sie geeignete Wärmeübertragungsmedien haben. Auch ist es gegebenenfalls zweckmäßig, das zu aktivierende Material durch rasches Erhitzen des Mediums bis zum Siedepunkt und sofortiges Abschrecken in einen kristallinischen Zustand zu bringen, welcher, sofern noch nicht aktiv, durch verhältnismäßig kurze Weiterbehandlung bei niedrigen Temperaturen in den gewünschten aktiven Zustand gebracht werden kann. .It has also been found that the different photosensitive bodies are different have specific heat transfer media suitable for them. It may also be useful to activate the Material by rapidly heating the medium to boiling point and immediately quenching it into a crystalline state to bring, which, if not yet active, through a relatively short further treatment can be brought into the desired active state at low temperatures. .
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE601014T | 1930-06-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE601014C true DE601014C (en) | 1934-08-06 |
Family
ID=6574645
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1930601014D Expired DE601014C (en) | 1930-06-22 | 1930-06-22 | Process for producing the photosensitivity of photoelectrically active bodies, such as selenium or the like, by means of heat treatment using an inert liquid which transfers the heat to the body concerned |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE601014C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE970420C (en) * | 1951-03-10 | 1958-09-18 | Siemens Ag | Semiconductor electrical equipment |
-
1930
- 1930-06-22 DE DE1930601014D patent/DE601014C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE970420C (en) * | 1951-03-10 | 1958-09-18 | Siemens Ag | Semiconductor electrical equipment |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE601014C (en) | Process for producing the photosensitivity of photoelectrically active bodies, such as selenium or the like, by means of heat treatment using an inert liquid which transfers the heat to the body concerned | |
| DE2527943C2 (en) | Process for converting pitch to crystalloid pitch | |
| DE1611089C3 (en) | Process for the production of filter aids | |
| AT129056B (en) | Process for generating the photosensitivity of photoelectrically active bodies. | |
| DE829391C (en) | Process for the electrolytic polishing of metals | |
| DE622368C (en) | Kerr cell fluid | |
| DE2204420A1 (en) | Electrical metal film resistors | |
| DE517536C (en) | Reduction of the acid content of kieselguhr | |
| DE1147930B (en) | Process for the production of finely divided uranium dioxide of certain particle sizes | |
| DE884455C (en) | Process for the treatment of vegetable matter for the production of cellulose for paper manufacture | |
| DE432717C (en) | Process for the production of colloidal solutions of silver in oils, fats, types of wax, lanolin, petrolatum, paraffins or mixtures of these substances | |
| DE1161540B (en) | Process for the production of a thorium, uranium or plutonium oxide sol or a mixed sol from thorium and uranium oxides | |
| DE489314C (en) | Process for the production of durable, colloidal solutions of silver or mercury in addition to silver in vegetable and animal oils, fats or their fatty acids | |
| DE962013C (en) | Method of reducing the tendency of crude oil to form sludge deposits during storage | |
| DE191840C (en) | ||
| DE2520334A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MAGNETIZABLE LAYER FOR A MAGNETIC ARRANGEMENT WITH DOMA | |
| DE555789C (en) | Circulating cooling device | |
| AT204655B (en) | Heating wire with an aluminum oxide coating for indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge tubes | |
| DE221310C (en) | Process to prevent rubber, gutta-percha, balata and similar types of rubber from hardening and becoming brittle. | |
| DE550644C (en) | Process for the arylation of safranines | |
| DE2300989A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR GROWING CRYSTALS OF HIGH PERFECTION FROM CONVECTION-FREE MELT SUBSTANCE | |
| DE717693C (en) | Process for reprocessing spent cobalt catalysts | |
| DE905054C (en) | Process for the production of tannin extracts from tannin-containing fruits | |
| DE541943C (en) | Process for the preparation of Kuepen dyes | |
| DE969892C (en) | Process for the production of finely divided sulfur |