DE60025512T2 - COVERING WITH FILTERNDER WALL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to formwork with a filtering wall, comprising a load-bearing frame provided with a filtering wall (3) on at least one of the surfaces thereof, whereby said filtering wall has holes of specific dimensions so that surplus water can be drained off from the concrete and the concrete aggregates can be retained. The formwork is characterized in that the filtering wall (3) is comprised of a flexible skin (3A) which is kept at a specific distance from the load-bearing frame by means of spacers (4) and tensioned in at least two orthogonal directions by tensioning means.

Description

The The invention relates to a shuttering with filtering wall.

• – horizontale Betonverarbeitungen (Fall von Platten)
• – vertikale Betonverarbeitungen (Fall von Abdeckungen).

There are concrete works of two types:

• - horizontal concrete work (case of slabs)
• - vertical concrete processing (case of covers).

The concrete casting is done as follows: shuttering on a page for horizontal work and concrete pouring between the two shuttering sides for vertical Work.

The used cladding consists in principle of dense elements, the concrete in the desired length Keep form until it hardens. They will after hardening removed from the concrete.

at This technique leaves the concrete, which is forced to spill into a liquid State, until it has hardened in this liquid state, As a result, he hydrostatic pressure on the walls of the Cladding, which is proportional to the height of Cladding is.

This Pressure leads for the development of important forces, what the use most more resistant and thus requires very heavy casings.

Around To counteract this point has been another for some years Technology has been developed.

This Method describes a concrete fill in which at least one The sides consist of a metal grid, which is the drain of the excess in the Concrete contained in the water. This converts the concrete from a liquid state to a semi-liquid state brought.

The infill, that is no longer so like a liquid behave, practice now no more strong impact on the walls and makes it possible to work with (for example 50 to 80 times) lighter casings than in the conventional ones Method.

• – Bildung von Korrosion auf den sich an den Außenseiten befindlichen Wänden, die nicht durch eine ausreichende Betonummantelung geschützt und infolgedessen witterungsbedingten Einflüssen ausgesetzt sind.
• – Geringe Einwirkung der metallischen Bestandteile der Verschalung während des Absinkens des Betons. Diese geringe Einwirkung ist zum einen auf ein schlechtes Bindungsvermögen der metallischen Bestandteile mit dem Einfüllmaterial zurückzuführen. Auch ist der Einsatz dieser Elemente angesichts der Korrosionsrisiken, die die Dauerhaftigkeit dieser metallischen Teile beeinflussen, in Frage zu stellen.
• – Schwierigkeit, zusätzliche Armierungen hinzuzufügen, aufgrund der Struktur selber des Verfahrens.
• – Verletzungsrisiken für Arbeiter, selbst wenn sich diese Verletzungen auf kleine Schnittwunden beschränken, die auf die Handhabung von scharfen Gegenständen zurückzuführen sind.
• – Risiko, dass der auf den Rohbau aufgetragene Verputz zur Endverarbeitung nicht vorschriftsmäßig hält.

However, this technology has some disadvantages, some of which are mentioned below:

• - Formation of corrosion on the walls located on the outside, which are not protected by a sufficient concrete casing and consequently exposed to weather-related influences.
• - Low exposure of the metallic components of the casing during the sinking of the concrete. This low impact is due on the one hand to a poor binding capacity of the metallic constituents with the filling material. Also, the use of these elements is questionable in view of the risks of corrosion which affect the durability of these metallic parts.
• - Difficulty adding additional reinforcements due to the structure of the process itself.
• - Risk of injury to workers, even if these injuries are limited to minor cuts due to the handling of sharp objects.
• - Risk that the finishing coat applied to the shell will not conform properly to the finish.

This Behavior is partly due to a bad adherence of the material attributed to filtering metal wall. The filtering metal wall consists of fine steel fins, extending itself located at the junction of these two materials and are aligned slightly perpendicular to the visible building side.

• – Notwendigkeit, einen Verputz zur Endverarbeitung auf die sichtbare(n) Seite(n) aufzutragen.

In the case of deformations of the wall, for example due to dilatation, these lamellae are veritable knives for plastering.

• - Need to apply finishing plaster to the visible side (s) for finishing.

in the Document GB-A-1.424.112 discloses a bag having a casing forms and its walls with the help of hangers attached to a grid, which is a distance between the grid and the bag walls hold. Due to the structure of different elements - sack, Grilles and hangers - deformed the wall when filling of the bag, however. this leads to on the one hand that the wall when compacting the concrete no Influence and on the other hand not stay flat, but between the hangers deformed.

object The invention is to remedy these negative aspects, above all the above enumerated, and in particular those related to the corrosion of the Skin and structural elements.

The shuttering with filtering wall comprises a supporting armature having on at least one of its two sides a filtering wall provided with holes of a size to be determined so as to pass the excess water of the concrete and, in particular, the aggregate withhold residues. This shuttering with filtering wall is characterized in that the filtering wall consists of a soft skin, which is removed on the one hand at a pre-defined distance by spacers from the support fitting and on the other hand held by clamping devices.

The Invention will be explained with reference to the following description, the is for information and has no limiting character, as well as based on the following enclosed illustrations:

1 : Sectional view of the principle of the invention,

2 : Front view of the principle,

3 Image: Cross-section of the blockage principle of the structure,

4 : Front view of the use of the grid on the structure,

5 Image: Cutaway view of the noose following the straight thread of the lattice

6 Image: Cutaway view of the noose following the odd thread of the lattice

7 Image: Front view of a detail of the grid after tensile force exposure,

8th : Sectional view of a balanced distribution of the filling material on the grid,

9 : Far view of the grid and the structure without picture of the blocking clip,

10 : View of a type of realization of the suspension clip structure / wall,

11 : Top view of the same type of realization of the suspension clip structure / wall / connecting hook,

12 : Far view of inserting the hanging clip on the wall with a single wall,

13 : Far view of the use of the suspension clip on the wall, with wall in connection with a reinforcement basket,

14 : Front view of a kind of hanging clip,

15 Photos: Top view of the same kind of suspension clips,

16 : Sectional view of the same type of suspension clips,

17 FIG. 2: partial cross-sectional view of the casing according to the invention when used for plates, FIG.

18 : Partial view of the casing in longitudinal section according to the invention when used for plates,

19 : Far view of the wall when using for covers.

20 : View of an implementation example of the clip for smooth plates,

21 : Sectional view of the attachments in the upper and lower region of the membrane skin on a robust framework,

22 : Sectional view corresponding to the height of the wall forming parts in isolated mode,

23 : Sectional view AA according to the width,

24 : Representation of the fastening part of the plaster on the supporting element of the cover,

25 : Far view of a wall in isolated mode of operation,

26 : Sectional view of a variant of the clip,

27a and 27b : Distant views of a structure with clips,

28 : View of a shuttering with clips.

The representations 1 and 2 show a shuttering with filtering wall.

This shuttering with filtering wall usually includes a supporting fitting 2 with a filtering wall on at least one of its two sides 3 which is provided with holes of a size to be determined in order to pass the excess water of the concrete, but also to retain, in particular, the aggregate residues.

This shuttering is characterized by the fact that the filtering wall of a soft skin 3A exists, on the one hand in a previously defined distance by spacers 4 is kept away from the support armature and the other by Tensioning devices in at least two orthogonal directions.

Without these tension devices would be the Skin does not maintain its position. It is important that these Soft skin stays straight after stretching and does not deform. It's not the concrete one Pressure that gives the soft skin its tension.

The lazily filtering Behhaltende formwork wall, the subject of the invention consists from the following elements, going from outside to inside that means from the surface to the center of filling.

The skin is made by interweaving composite threads such as fiberglass epoxy resin. The threads assume a slightly vertical position and form regular openings of approximately rectangular shape, the size of which depends on the grain size distribution of the filling material which is subsequently used (for example 8 × 10 cm for concrete whose large granules 5/15 and its SLUMP 14 cm). The material chosen for the formation of the skin must have such mechanical properties (elasticity resistance and modulus) that allow it to withstand the tensile forces during assembly (for example 25 kg per thread) and show an inert behavior to the fillers as well as to atmospheric influences , According to the invention, this skin along the edges at certain points elongated loops 5 which extend in an orthogonal direction over the wall; These slings are with the supporting structure by means of a blocking bar 6 connected, which behind the vertical elements 7 of the supporting structure. Through these loops becomes a second rod 8th introduced, a so-called tension rod, which from the first rod by so-called braced spacers 4 between the tension rod and the supporting structure 2 is kept in distance.

at A closer look at this compilation reveals that the loops are formed by means of the tension rod, which has a small Diameter and a slightly cylindrical shape (for example a diameter of 2 mm) and made of a material, the opposite to be filled Corrosion-resistant and weatherproof materials (for example stainless steel). This rod will be during or after manufacture the skin so introduced for a sequential formation of loops with the skin delineate.

The Length everyone Loop hangs from the desired coverage level off, for example, 30 mm.

The interweaving of the rod with the skin is realized so that the threads running across the loop, which form the skin, are alternately left above and below the rod. Thus, the outer thread of the skin, which runs parallel to the blocking loop, has a "Zig Zag" shape, see illustrations in 4 to 6 ,

• – zwei senkrecht zu den Schlingen verlaufende Stäbe 6, 8 mit leicht zylindrischem Durchmesser, der an den Durchhang unter Biegungslast entsprechend dieser Achse angepasst ist (zum Beispiel ein Durchmesser von 6 mm).

The clamping process is realized as follows:

• - Two perpendicular to the loops rods 6 . 8th with a slightly cylindrical diameter, which is adapted to the sag under bending load corresponding to this axis (for example, a diameter of 6 mm).

• – mindestens stellenweise Abstandshalter 4 zum Beibehalten des Abstands zwischen der verschalenden Haut und der tragenden Struktur.

One of the bars 6 is supported by the supporting structure while retaining the loops, whereas the other bar 8th from the other side of the loop as close as possible to the filtering skin is supported and

• - at least in places spacers 4 for maintaining the distance between the casing skin and the supporting structure.

These spacers 4 on the one hand from the concrete columns 7 , called supporting parts, carried, which form the supporting structure, and the tension rod 8th which is as close as possible to the skin of the formwork.

These parts are made by means of the V-shaped recesses 9 . 10 placed on the supporting structure and the tension rod.

This Spacer or spacer remains under the action of the tensile force caused by the tension of the loops is generated, undeformable.

This Part consists on its entire surface of one opposite the Einfüllmaterialien corrosion-resistant fabric and is at least in its uncovered Area weatherproof (for example made of PVC).

The on the blocking rod 8th and the support part 7 resting prismatic pieces are not at the same height to form a three-dimensional structure.

The Zugfederwirkung is, for example, by the elastic tensile force the loops of the skin and the low elastic deformation of the skin Clamping and blocking bars realized.

It is a non-deformable structure.

• – zusammengesetzte Träger, die von den Spannstäben 8 und den Blockierstäben 6 definiert werden und fast parallel und in gleichem Abstand zueinander angebracht werden,
• – Stützeisen 7, fast parallel und in gleichem Abstand zueinander, die quer verlaufend zu den oben beschriebenen zusammengesetzten Trägern angebracht sind,
• – Zwischenteile 4 oder Abstandshalter, welche die Position der Niveaus der Träger unter einander bestimmen,
• – Ein System mit Federwirkung 100, das unter Zugkraft eine Kraft zwischen den Stäben 6 und 8 des zusammengesetzten Trägers hervorruft.

As in 3 represented, the Ver formwork of the following components:

• - Compound carriers coming from the tension rods 8th and the blocking bars 6 be defined and mounted almost parallel and equidistant from each other,
• - Support iron 7 , almost parallel and equidistant from one another, which are mounted transversely to the above-described composite beams,
• - intermediate parts 4 or spacers which determine the position of the levels of the carriers with each other,
• - A system with spring action 100 , which under tension a force between the bars 6 and 8th of the composite carrier.

The spacer defines a spacing between the levels with the axes of the tension and jam bars, requiring a slightly orthogonal position between these two axes. This distance is greater than the length of the spring (sling) at rest, plus half the diameter of the support iron and plus the diameter of the blocking rod 6 ,

As under 3 pictured develops the spring 100 in the drawn state forces F400 and F'400 at the level of fastenings to the tensioning and blocking bars. In the equilibrium state, a reaction force F400 is exerted on the contact area which points to a point between the iron 7 and the blocking bar can be reduced.

These Force F400 and its reaction force F300 lead to a frictional force F530, which depends on the materials in contact and much stronger will be when the bars or iron, for example "Tor", have reliefs, which serve to adhere these reinforcements to the filling product to reinforce.

Regarding the 1 to 8th :

• – Erste Funktion: Zurückhalten der Granulate des Einfüllmaterials,
• – Zweite Funktion: Abfuhr des überschüssigen Wassers oder des mobilen Wassers des Einfüllmaterials, um dieses von einem flüssigen Zustand in einen halbfesten Zustand zu versetzen, indem die das Einfüllmaterial bildenden festen Granulate miteinander in Kontakt gebracht werden.
• – Dritte Funktion: Binden der Bestandteile der Struktur.
• – Vierte Funktion: Entwicklung der aus Feder 100 resultierenden Zugkräfte.
• – Fünfte Funktion: Definition der Oberfläche zwischen dem Einfüllvolumen und dem Außenbereich. Unter den beim Einlaufen des Einfüllmaterials entstehenden Kräften darf diese Oberfläche nicht mehr Verformungen aufweisen, als die allgemein in dieser Branche zulässigen.

The skin of the shuttering performs five functions:

• - First function: retaining the granules of the filling material,
• Second function: removal of the excess water or mobile water of the filling material in order to bring it from a liquid state to a semi-solid state by bringing the solid granules forming the filling material into contact with each other.
• - Third function: binding the components of the structure.
• - Fourth function: development of spring 100 resulting tensile forces.
• - Fifth function: Definition of the surface between the filling volume and the outside area. Among the forces generated by the filling material, this surface must not be more deformed than is generally acceptable in the industry.

The first function is by means of the dimensions given the openings as well the size of the threads that they determine, they reach.

These dimensions hang from the particle size distribution of the filling material and also from its friction angle.

As in 8th As shown, a minimum small grain throw-back which forms the resistance element during filling is obtained when the ratio d / h is below the tangent of the friction angle of filling.

Out security the mesh size is smaller as the largest size of the granules, which is used in the composition of the filling material (for Example 10 mm).

to Realization of the second function will open the skin wide. The surface is formed from an intertwining of fine elements (for example filaments) which the gaps Define the specified diameter.

The third function is through the formation of loops on the the Skin-forming cover realized, which at the same distance attached to each other (for example, 100 mm).

These loops wrap around the blocking bars at the end farthest from the general surface of the skin. The intersection of the loop and the general plane is on one of the threads that make up the skin. The tension rod 8th is in contact with the intersection thread.

Furthermore, the tension rod is connected to the skin in such a way that it is introduced alternately above and below the threads of the loops running perpendicular to the skin surface ( 4 ).

How on 4 1, the line formed by the intersecting thread is a broken line whose distance "v" is from the diameter of the blocking bar 8th and the skin forming threads is determined.

As in 7 shown, the tension rod 8th reintegrated on the chain of the network.

This reweaving is realized after prolongation of the weft of the skin, interface of the loop with the main plane of the skin, that the distance L1 remains unchanged (français pas clair, pas de virgule, synthaxe ??). Ce retissage sera effectuée après allongement du fil de trame de la peau intersection du plan de boucle avec le plan général de la peau de façon à ce la la distance L1 ne varie pas.

The fourth function is realized by the spacers 4 are used, which rest on the rods by means of forms or recesses. As in

1 shown, the distance D6 of the support levels is greater than the value D4-D3, which of the length D1 of the loop of the skin at rest and the diameters of the rods 6 . 7 and 8th is determined. Thanks to this provision, the use of the intermediate piece leads to an extension of the warp threads of the loops, which run transversely to the general skin surface, which determines a tensile force (for example 10 kg / thread), which depends on the properties of the threads forming the skin.

Of Furthermore, there are the recesses for blocking the spacers the support iron on the with the tension rods cutting levels to ensure perfect stability of all To ensure structure-forming bars.

The fifth function will work accordingly 4 realized, wherein the warp threads of the general surface of the skin, before the use of the intermediate pieces, transversely to the planes of the loops and extending between these loops are stretched.

phrase incompréhensible: la fonction cinquième est réalisée comme représentée en figure 4 par sous tension avant pose of the entretoises of the fils de chaîne de la surface générale de la peau perpendiculaire aux plans de boucles et située entre ces bouclés.

This pulling action without displacing the warp threads, see 7 , leads to an extension L2-L1 of the weft threads. The shape of the openings of the skin after the pulling action is therefore on 4 similar, that is a parallelogram.

These Precaution that the passage of large granules of filling material limited, allowed at a constant value of this diameter large granules, increase the value by L2 and thus the number of threads reduce the skin, which also leads to a cost reduction for this Skin leads.

The tensile forces thus provoke a bias of the threads of the skin that feel like a strained membrane will behave.

As in 21 shown, the skin is in the top and bottom of head pieces 13 attached.

This attachment can, for example, with the help of rivets 14 which are the weft threads and the warp threads of the skin in a groove 15 hold, which has been incorporated in the headers.

The head pieces are with holes 16 in which the structure bar is inserted with a certain play, which is calculated so that by the force exerted on the skin tensile force at the bending moment creates a curvature.

at a combination of the method presented in the present invention with a reinforcing structure it may be with a view to a simplified Manufacturing process be interesting, the clips are different than before standing described to install.

In this alternative solution, the in 26 . 27a . 27b . 28 is shown, the clips are 4 on the boarding skin on other blocking bars 8th supported, thanks to the guides 10a and 10b ,

The blockage on the support rod 7 happens through at least one base 9a (and maybe 9B ), located in the center of the intermediate piece 4 located. The support forms 9a (and 9b ) allow the guidance of the hooks, which connect the two straps of the reinforcements and which are attached to both sides of the concrete plant.

For a simplified assembly, the intermediate pieces 4 prior to assembly of the panel, attach to the hooks connecting the two reinforcing beds of the factory.

The dimensions of the spacers 4 at rest have the values of - distance L between bases and H height when empty - the exerting a pulling force on the filtering skin, after releasing the intermediate piece and blocking the latter on the rod 7 , enable.

The alternately inserted intermediate pieces thereby ensure alone for the Tension of the warp threads of the skin.

Thus, the use of fasteners 13 and the associated parts, as in 21 shown, optional.

Furthermore, risks associated with the deformation of the filtering skin as it enters the filling material are reduced. The skin In fact, under the pressure arising on shrinkage, it tends to bend between its points of support, that from the folds and the bars 6 and 8th consist formed beams.

This bending leads to a slight lengthening of the warp threads of the skin and to an approach of the blocking bars 8th , However, this approach is strongly inhibited, by the intermediate pieces and the three-dimensional supports, by the forms 9a (and 9b ) 10a (and 10b ) and virtually non-deformable pyramids between the blocking bars 8th , which form the shuttering plane of the filtering skin, and the support rods 7 form in a different plane than the bars 8th are positioned.

The Principle can be extended to methods with insulated filtering wall become. The developed principle reduces the hydrostatic pressure when entering the filling material in the shuttering in a constant manner. This property allows the use of fibrous material for the filtering wall. fibrous Due to their nature, substances themselves have a low resistance to deformation on when they have compression forces get abandoned. The compression of the fibers leads to Decrease in thermal resistance, which makes these substances unsuitable for her Use. It is, by the way interesting to point out that the dissipation of energy over the Fibers proportional to the contact surface between the fibrous Material and the mass volume formed by the wall is. In conventional Systems for noise reduction will be the fibrous layer after hardening of the wall forming Materials brought to the wall. It is a mechanical one Attachment by points distributed on the contact surface lie. Except the fact that these mechanical fastenings mostly form acoustic bridges, is easy to understand, that the energy emitted depends on the number of these fixings dependent is, for economic reasons be kept within limits.

The proposed principle allows the elimination of these problems, thanks to the use of fibrous and thus more permeable Substances a complex with filtering effect is created, starting from the Running in directly in contact with the filling material (concrete) passes. Guaranteed under these conditions the calcareous deposit of the concrete (or the selected hydraulic binder), which penetrates into the fibrous material in a small thickness, a close Connecting the fibrous wall with the bulk of the cover or the Plate.

This Insulating agent is preferably for maximum use of the thermal inertia on the outer side applied to the building to be insulated.

This description refers to the 22 to 25 ,

• – Ein Verputz zur Endbearbeitung 34, der die Dichte gegenüber Regenwasser gewährleistet.
• – Die in den Verputz zur Endbearbeitung eingelassene Haut 3A.
• – Ein Untersatz 35 zum Aufspritzen des Verputzes.
• – Zwischenstücke 27 aus Isoliermaterial von derselben Natur, oder auch nicht, wie der faserige Isolierstoff und die zwischen der Haut und dem Isolierstoff eingesetzt werden.
• – Eine Platte 26 aus Isoliermaterial von derselben Natur, oder auch nicht, wie der faserige Isolierstoff und die die Zwischenstücke 27 trägt.
• – Stifte 29 zur Verbindung zwischen den verschiedenen Platten 26.
• – Faseriger Isolierstoff 25, der als verschalende Seite für das Einfüllmaterial 120 dient und zwischen den Hautfalten eingesetzt wird. Dieser faserige Isolierstoff, der aus Lamellen geschnitten werden kann, deren Höhe dem Abstand zwischen den Hautfalten entspricht oder leicht darüber liegt, wird vorzugsweise direkt auf die Platte (26) gespritzt, wobei die Falten von seinem Innenvolumen umhüllt werden.
• – Das Einfüllmaterial 12, das im Allgemeinen aus Beton besteht.
• – Ein Befestigungselement 29 des Untersatzes 35 mit dem Einfüllmaterial.

The insulating filtering wall of the casing consists of the following elements, which are described going from outside to inside, that is from the surface wall / atmosphere to the inside of the filling:

• - A plaster for finishing 34 which ensures the density of rainwater.
• - The skin embedded in the plaster for finishing 3A ,
• - a pedestal 35 for spraying the plaster.
• - spacers 27 of insulating material of the same nature, or not, as the fibrous insulating material and used between the skin and the insulating material.
• - A plate 26 of insulating material of the same nature or not, such as the fibrous insulating material and the intermediate pieces 27 wearing.
• - Pencils 29 for the connection between the different plates 26 ,
• - fibrous insulating material 25 as the boarding side for the filling material 120 serves and is inserted between the skin folds. This fibrous insulating material, which can be cut from lamellae whose height corresponds to the distance between the skin folds or slightly above, is preferably directly on the plate ( 26 ), the wrinkles being enveloped by its internal volume.
• - The filling material 12 , which generally consists of concrete.
• - A fastener 29 of the pedestal 35 with the filling material.

• – Eine Form 33 zum Stützen und Einmauern im Verputz.
• – eine Zugstange 31 (oder Druckstange) zwischen der Stützform 33 und dem Ende des Bereichs zum Einmauern 32.
• – Ein Bereich zum Einmauern 32 in Form einer Feder dient dazu, die Bestandteile des Isolierstoffs komprimiert gegen die Haut zusammenzuhalten und nach dem Erhärten des Einfüllmaterials das Einmauern des Teils 29 im besagten Einfüllmaterial 120.
• – Eine Ummantelung 30 aus elastischem Material („Neopren" zum Beispiel), das in Bezug auf die Korrosion mit der Natur des Verputzes und den atmosphärischen Bedingungen kompatibel ist.

This fastener 29 broken down as follows:

• - A form 33 for supporting and walling in plaster.
• - a drawbar 31 (or push rod) between the support form 33 and the end of the walling area 32 ,
• - An area to wall 32 in the form of a spring serves to hold together the components of the insulating material compressed against the skin and after hardening of the filling material, the walling of the part 29 in said filling material 120 ,
• - A sheath 30 made of elastic material ("neoprene", for example) that is compatible in terms of corrosion with the nature of the plaster and the atmospheric conditions.

The skin folds are thereby enlarged so that they can accommodate the thickness of the various components of the insulating function, the is called the fibrous insulating material 25 , the plate of insulating material 26 as well as the intermediate pieces 27 , The pleats always include the tension rod as described above, and also include another tension rod 200 , which is located at the outer level of the skin and ensures the blocking of the warp and weft threads during the pulling force exerted on the skin. The masses of the plaster 34 and the filling material 12 are by means of fastening devices 29 which are in the intersecting plane and form a three-dimensional structure, non-deformable interconnected. This compound is additionally reinforced by the wrinkles formed on the skin, the general part of the plaster 34 is absorbed and represents a micro-reinforcement for the latter.

• – zwischen dem Spannstab und der horizontalen Armierung, die durch die Aktion des Zwischenstücks, dessen Funktion voran stehend beschrieben worden ist, einer Zugkraft ausgesetzt sind, sind in diesem Bereich vom Einfüllmaterial 12 umschlossen.
• – zwischen den Spannstäben 8 und 200, die durch die Feder 32 des Teils 29 zur Befestigung des Verputzes einer Zugkraft ausgesetzt sind, sind von den Teilen, die den Isolierstoff 25, 26 und 27 bilden, umschlossen.

These wrinkles:

• - Between the tension rod and the horizontal reinforcement, which are subjected to a tensile force by the action of the intermediate piece whose function has been described above, are in this area of the filling material 12 enclosed.
• - between the tension rods 8th and 200 by the spring 32 of the part 29 To attach the plaster are subjected to a tensile force, are of the parts that the insulating material 25 . 26 and 27 form, enclosed.

• – einerseits das Befestigungsstück des Verputzes 29 ist zumindest in dem Bereich, der dazu bestimmt ist, vom Verputz umschlossen zu werden, bis hin zum faserigen Material, mit einer Ummantelung 30 aus elastischem Material ausgestattet (zum Beispiel „Neopren")
• – andererseits, die die Haut bildenden Fäden sind schallschluckend bzw. Wärme isolierend.

The connections mentioned above are all elastic in nature and, due to their design, do not form any thermal or acoustic points between the end plasters and the filling compound. The following is stated:

• - On the one hand, the attachment piece of the plaster 29 is at least in the area intended to be enclosed by the plaster, to the fibrous material, with a sheath 30 made of elastic material (for example "neoprene")
• - On the other hand, the skin forming threads are sound-absorbing or heat-insulating.

• – in Bezug auf die Geräuschdämmung: die auf die Masse des Verputzes 34 ausgeübten Schwingungen werden an die Masse des Einfüllmaterials 12 mittels einer Federfunktion übertragen, verbunden mit einer stoßdämpfenden Funktion, die aus faserigem Isolierstoff realisiert wird und mit leichtem Druck durch Kräfte auf die Haut gebracht wird, die auf den geringen hydrostatischen Druck gegen die filternde Wand während des Einfüllvorgangs zurückzuführen sind.
• – in Bezug auf die Thermik: der thermische Widerstand, dessen Wert hauptsächlich vom Widerstand des faserigen Materials gebildet wird, wird von den Brücken nicht kurzgeschaltet. Der Komplex „Wand + Isolierstoff + Verputz" nutzt eine maximale thermische Trägheit, die von der Einfüllmasse gebildet wird.
• – In Bezug auf die Dauerhaftigkeit: Der Komfort wird dank eines kontinuierlichen Luftspalts vergrößert, der zwischen den Zwischenstücken 27 der Platte 26 gebildet wird, und dazu dient, einen konstanten Prozentsatz an Dampf im Einfüllmaterial zu schaffen.

It follows:

• - in terms of noise insulation: that on the mass of the plaster 34 vibrations are applied to the mass of the filling material 12 transmitted by a spring function associated with a shock-absorbing function, which is realized from fibrous insulating material and is brought to the skin with slight pressure by forces that are due to the low hydrostatic pressure against the filtering wall during the filling process.
• - in terms of thermals: thermal resistance which value is formed mainly by resistance of fibrous material, is not short-circuited by bridges. The complex "wall + insulating material + plaster" uses a maximum thermal inertia, which is formed by the filling compound.
• - In terms of durability: comfort is increased thanks to a continuous air gap between the intermediate pieces 27 the plate 26 is formed, and serves to create a constant percentage of steam in the filling material.

Corresponding one of the characteristics of the invention is between the skin and the skin infill an insulating material is applied, partially or wholly by fibrous character, but at the same time permeable to water: this insulating material may consist of one or more materials, one of which is the realization of the bulkhead for the insulating fibrous Area serves. This fibrous insulating material is compatible with the mass of the insert material connected, through a superficial incorporation of the calcareous Fittings of the said filling material. Of the said insulating material, which consists of composite material or not, is provided on one side with a crenellated profile what the transition the air on the side allows which is opposite to the one in contact with the filling material.

The outer plaster is thus sprayed on a film that is on top of the support forms of the insulating material and that of the grid forming Weft and warp threads is reinforced.

Of the Plaster is with the mass of the filling material by means of fastening parts connected, of which one end with the plaster and the other with the infill is sealed. The fasteners are in a cutting Plain mounted and at least one of the ends is with a sheath covered in insulating elastic material.

The Fasteners terminate in the part intended for use in the Walled mass of filling material to be, with a spring, for an effective seal in this filling material also for a compression of the insulating material against the grid before shrinkage the latter provides.

The Folds of the grid expand as far as until the insulating material and the air brush traverse. The folds are woven by a second one in the chain Blocking blocked; for an external continuity of the skin and to ensure their tension. This will make the connection of elastic nature and not Heat conductive is reinforced between the plaster and the filling material.

A shuttering of a horizontal or slightly inclined plate can be performed in a simple manner.

In the in the 17 and 18 shown rods 6 and support iron 7 these are those of one of the sides of the reinforcement cage.

The underlying shuttering wall rests on intervening bases 140 , which are installed at sufficient intervals before the loads resulting from the entry of the concrete and the loads caused by the workers are absorbed.

Of the Use happens with dismantled formwork and the desired Thick, that is with attached clips. The casing thus obtained offers the advantage a three-dimensional structure, whose resistance to bending forces far out is bigger, as that of conventional Cladding with one side.

This advantage is further enhanced by the inherent weight of the shuttering, which is less than that of traditional shuttering with one side for panels. The distance between the stiffeners 140 for support can be increased and the number of these stiffeners are reduced, which leads to a time and thus cost savings.

Of the complex realized by the combination of these two technologies has no upper wall. The shrinking happens easily over the upper side.

In In the areas of concentrated loads, additional reinforcements can be integrated be, either in the lower bed or in the upper bed or in both.

Of the Use of these additional Reinforcements happen by means of a disassembled casing with the desired Thickness, with the additional Reinforcements are inserted between the lower and upper beds, being their positioning with the help of ironing on the bars, which are transverse to them, guaranteed becomes.

Last It should be noted that the reinforcements of the basket due to their construction at a greater distance to the boarding side lie as the prescribed one to ensure minimal concrete coating.

The additional Reinforcements that rest on those who form the basket are of course at a prescribed distance without adding spacers.

It is by the way easy to perform a shuttering with vertical or heavily inclined covers.

This specific application requires the adaptation of the spacers as under 12 shown. This round guides are used, which allow the guiding of the hooks with entangling effect of the reinforcing cage during their rotations and avoid any return movement of these hooks.

12 shows bars 6 and 7 one of the sides of the reinforcement cage. The side-by-side filtering shuttering wall allows the removal of excess water or mobile water, thus ensuring the transfer of the filling material from the liquid state to the semi-liquid state, resulting in a significant decrease in hydrostatic pressure (compared to a conventional run-in process) dense formwork is reduced in the order of 6 to 10).

On the other side you can either attach a filtering wall, which is identical to that of the present invention, or preferably one dense wall.

The thanks to the filtering wall obtained surface compared to surfaces that are made with dense formwork, roughened and uneven, has an additional one Advantage in terms of their detention capacity, thus guaranteeing one tight outer panel.

Mostly however, a plate has an outer surface covered with an outer end trim is, the other side can be in raw state or simply just treated with a coat of paint. This inner side must be so smooth and resistant as possible be.

Out time and financial reasons It is therefore appropriate that the filling material against an inner smooth side to board.

As under 19 pictured is the dense wall 130 , which may be made of wood, metal or other material of small thickness due to the small force effects resulting from the hydrostatic and pressure exerted on these sides.

she can therefore be of great Be length (for example 2.50 meters) and have a height that is many times the height corresponds to the plate to be realized (0.5 meters, for example).

Fastening of dense plates happens by means of clips 140 that in the given Distance (0.50 meters, for example) are attached to the vertical reinforcements, which run transversely to the largest parting line (horizontal in the example described).

The present description also applies to a change in height and length and from vertical and horizontal.

The Clips define a space that is at least equal to the value prescribed as minimum cladding value of reinforcing steel is.

This value is determined by the sizes between the hanging form 60 Defined on the Armierungsstange, which is slightly transverse to the largest parting line of the plate 130 runs, as well as the support side of said plate.

These support page is itself determined by the distance between the flanks of the clip, which corresponds to the thickness of the dense formwork panels.

In order to simplify the disassembly of the plates, the part permanently connected to the filling material after hardening comprises cracks 61 on, which are located inside the filling material.

In The areas of concentrated loads can be supplemented at any time Reinforcements inserted either in the lower bed or in the upper bed or in both.

Of the Use of these additional Reinforcements happen by means of a disassembled casing with the desired Thickness, with the additional Reinforcements are inserted between the lower and upper beds, being their positioning with the help of ironing on the bars, which are transverse to them, guaranteed becomes.

Last It should be noted that the reinforcements of the basket due to their construction at a greater distance to the boarding side lie as the prescribed one to ensure minimal concrete coating.

The additional Reinforcements that rest on those who form the basket are of course at a prescribed distance without adding spacers.

Claims (10)

Cladding with filtering wall which is a supporting armature ( 1 ), which on at least one of its two sides a filtering wall ( 3 ), which is provided with holes of size to be determined in order to pass the excess water of the concrete, but also to retain, in particular, the aggregate residues. This shuttering is characterized by the fact that the filtering wall ( 3 ) from a soft skin ( 3A ) which, on the one hand, is separated by spacers ( 4 ) is held away from the support armature and, on the other hand, is tensioned by tensioning devices in at least two orthogonal directions so that this soft skin does not lose its position after the concrete has been poured in. Cladding according to the claim 1 characterized by the fact that this skin along the edges at certain points elongated loops ( 5 ) extending in an orthogonal direction across the skin; these loops are connected to the supporting structure by means of a first transverse bar ( 6 ), a so-called blocking rod, which behind the vertical elements ( 7 ) of the supporting structure. Through these loops is a second rod ( 8th ), a so-called tension rod, which from the first rod ( 6 ) by so-called braced spacers between the tension rod ( 8th ) and the supporting structure is kept at a distance. Cladding according to the claim 2 characterized by the fact that the slings ( 5 ) by means of the tension rod ( 8th ) are formed, which has a small diameter and a slightly cylindrical shape and is made of a material that is corrosion resistant and weather resistant to the einzufüllende materials. This rod is inserted during or after the preparation of the skin so as to delineate a successive formation of loops with the skin. Cladding according to the claim 3 characterized in that the interweaving of the rod is realized so that the transverse to the loop threads that form the skin are alternately above and below the thread left. Cladding according to the claim 2 characterized by the fact that the spacers ( 4 ) are placed on the supporting structure by means of recesses in V-shape. Cladding according to the claim 1 characterized by the fact that the skin ( 3A ) in the upper and in the lower part on head pieces ( 13 ) is attached. Cladding according to the claim 6 which is characterized by the fact that it is fastened by rivets ( 14 ) can be performed, which the weft threads and the warp threads the skin in a groove ( 15 ), which has been embedded in the headers. Cladding according to the claim 1 characterized by the fact that the skin ( 3A ) is produced by interweaving threads of composite material. Cladding according to the claim 2 characterized by the fact that the casing is composed of the following elements: - composite supports separated from the tensioning rods ( 8th ) and the blocking bars ( 6 ) and are mounted almost parallel and equidistant from each other, 7 ), almost parallel and equidistant from each other, which are mounted transversely to the composite beams described above, - intermediate parts ( 4 ) or spacers, which determine the position of the position of the carrier with each other, - a system with spring action ( 100 ), which by pulling a force between the rods ( 6 ) and ( 8th ) of the composite carrier. Cladding according to the claim 5 characterized in that the recesses for blocking the spacers on the support iron are in the cutting plane in relation to those on the tension rods.