DE458950C - Cooling machine that works according to the absorption principle - Google Patents

Description

Chiller that works on the absorption principle. The invention relates to a refrigeration device based on the absorption principle, which, as shown in Fig. i in the diagram shows, from a cooker i, a water separator 2, a condenser coil 3, an evaporator i and a cooling water tank 5 consists. During the cooking period the refrigerant, for example A: mmonial;, from the heated cooker i is in vapor form expelled, flows through the pipe 6 to the water separator 2, from this through the Tube 7 into the condenser 3, and from the latter through tube 8 into the evaporator 4. Here, the ammonia is liquefied in the condenser 3 and thereby in the evaporator 4 in turn evaporates that the evaporator heat from the environment, for example from the interior of a refrigerator 9, in which the evaporator 4 is installed. As soon as the ammonia is completely expelled from the stove, the heater will turn off the latter is turned off and it is suitably cooled, creating a vacuum arises in it and the ammonia vapor is sucked back from the evaporator .4. Here, the cooling of the condenser 3 (water supply) is expediently turned off.

It is now often impossible to prevent that with the ammonia vapor, too Water vapor is entrained. As is known, the ammonia or other refrigerants dissolved in a liquid, preferably water, and it becomes ammonia when boiled expelled from this solution.

It is therefore necessary in such apparatus that the evaporator emptied of accumulated fluid, and for this purpose it is already. suggested been to use a so-called pull-up line that is as deep as possible Connected point of the evaporator and returned to the cooker in a suitable manner will. If a vacuum is created in the cooker by cooling it and is the The pull-up pipe is connected to the cooker, so the vacuum also makes the liquid one Precipitation sucked in the lower part of the evaporator, d. H. the precipitation returns back into the cooker absorber.

It has now also been proposed to make this possible Pulling up by the cooker absorber itself the pull-up line to that line to be connected, which would otherwise be used to drive out and suck back the refrigerant (ammonia or the like) itself is used.

In Fig. I is the one connected at the lowest possible point of the evaporator 4 Pull-up line marked with io and for the sake of clarity from the Refrigerator 9 shown, although this is of course not in practice happens. This line io opens into the line 7 above the capacitor 3 a. It is now necessary to ensure that the refrigerant (Ammonia or the like) not simultaneously in the condenser during normal operation 3 and the Hochzichleitung io enters, and it is therefore a shut-off device on the Branch point of the line 7 to the capacitor on the one hand and to the pull-up line io on the other hand to be provided. So far, this shut-off device has been in the form of a three-way valve trained and in doing so has the cause of major and dangerous disruptions to operations given. That is because the three-way cock was not served in the most attentive manner and in brought one of its two end positions, but rather in an intermediate position If left standing, this opened the way for the boiled ammonia gases during cooking blocked from the cooker i into the condenser and evaporator; as a result, rose the pressure of the ammonia gases in the cooker, separator and line 7 at an impermissible level, and it has happened that such devices have burst.

It is now obvious that by means of appropriate instructions for use, by way of limiters' for the control unit of the three-way valve and others. m. for it seeks to ensure that such incorrect switching and its consequences do not occur. the -Invention is based on the principle that all parts of the apparatus are carried out in this way must be that the non-observance of an operating instruction, for example in the household can only all too easily enter the naturally inexperienced staff, nevertheless must not endanger the apparatus and its originality. Since this intermediate (closing organ) represents such a danger, so the invention is based on the design of this closing organ so that it itself incorrect operation can never endanger the equipment.

Accordingly, the object of the invention is that the closing organ in all its possible positions under all circumstances a connection between the cooker on the one hand and the evaporator on the other hand, be it via the condenser, be it via the pull-up line. This alone guarantees that in any arbitrary and thus incorrect position of the closing organ the expelled Ammonia vapors from the stove get into the evaporator and thus into a room relatively low temperature, which on the one hand cools and liquefies these vapors and on the other hand contains sufficient expansion space for this, so that a dangerous Rise in tension is avoided once and for all. An implementation form of a such shut-off device is shown schematically in section in Fig. 2 of the drawing. A cylindrical housing 14 is shown there with three pipe connections. Of the Pipe connection 15 is connected to line 7 (Fig. I), pipe connection 16 with the pull-up line io and the pipe connection 17 with the condenser 3 leading Management. Of course, these pipe connections are welded to the other lines or otherwise suitably tightly and tightly connected.

So it should be the expelled refrigerant in normal operations through the pipe connection 15 and the closing element into the pipe connection 17 arrive or flow in the opposite direction when absorbing (suck back). On the other hand should when pulling up the pipe, io bypassing the condenser 3 with the cooker absorber i are connected and thus a direct flow from the pipe socket 16 to the pipe socket 15 take place in this closing organ 14.

Accordingly, these three pipe connections 15, 16, 17 open into one common cylindrical space 18, which is partially with a screw thread i9 is provided, in which a double cone 2o. engages with the appropriate screw thread. This screw thread and possibly the cone itself have a corresponding one deep recess 2 1 in the axial direction at one or more points.

It can be seen that when the double cone rotates in the direction of arrow 22, one cone 23 is pressed against the seat 24 and thus a way out of the space 18 into the pipe socket 16 and thus into the pull-up line (or from the pull-up line into space 18 back) closes. However, if the double cone 2o is rotated in the opposite direction, the cone 23 is lifted from its seat and the other cone 25 is finally pressed against the seat 26, so that a path from the space 18 into the pipe connection 17 and thus into the condenser 3 ( and vice versa from the condenser 3 back into the space 18) is closed.

The rotation of the double cone 2o takes place, for example, by a Axle 27 with square 28 at its outer end; the axis 27 is through a suitable acid-proof packing 29 sealed in the housing 14, and a stuffing box 3o or the like. is screwed on from the outside in a suitable manner.

In the position shown for the double cone 2o, the pipe attachment is now 16 against the cooker absorber (pipe socket 15, line 7, etc.) closed. the Vapors can from the pipe socket 15 through the Room 18 to the pipe socket 17 flow (and vice versa) by first entering space i8 around the double cone Enter 2o around, then through the recesses 2i in the screw thread on the double cone pass into the other part of the space 18 and from this into the pipe socket 17 (and vice versa).

In the other end position of the double cone 2o, in which the cone 25 rests on the seat 26 and thus the way into the pipe socket 17 and thus the condenser 3 is tightly sealed, the vapors from the pull-up pipe can enter the pipe socket 16, from this directly into the space 18 and from this finally into the pipe socket 15 and thus to the absorber i.

If now the closing organ 20 is used incorrectly and not in one its end positions, but rather in an intermediate position have stopped, as can be seen, the evaporator will under all circumstances and the condenser remain connected to the cooker absorber i. - It will then none of the cones 123, 25 rest on its seat surfaces 24 or 26 and thus one free communication between the cooker absorber on the one hand and the condenser or Evaporator can take place. The wrong setting of the = double cone 20 is then be recognized by it, (let a bad cooling effect occur, but never - too late - that the device blows up. Of course you can also do others Select implementations of the invention and, as in the case of the one shown, in particular thereby To prevent incorrect operation, one should (read screw thread i9 with high pitch executes, so that, for example, a rotation of igo ° of the axis 27 is sufficient to one or the other cone 23 or 25 for tight fit on its seat to bring and then by pointing devices in a convenient manner for good Handling.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Chiller based on the derri absorption principle works and a liquid return line connected to the evaporator, so-called. Pull-up line, which leads to the cooker absorber, characterized by a closing element for the pull-up pipe on the one hand and the connecting pipe to the condenser on the other hand, which in one end position is the connection between the pull-up line (io) and cooker absorber (i) and in another end position the connection between Seals condenser and cooker absorber tightly, but in its intermediate positions a connection between the cooker absorber on the one hand and both the pull-up pipe as well as the capacitor on the other hand leaves open. 2. Refrigerating machine according to claim i, characterized in that the closure member (14) on the branching skins one from the cooker absorber (i) coming line to the condenser (3) on the one hand and to Pull-up line (io) is arranged on the other side and consists of a room (I8), in which all three branches open and in which a double valve (double cone 2o) is arranged displaceably, one of which is a valve cone (2q.) In an end position of the closing organ the branch (16) to the pull-up line (io) and its other Valve cone (25) in another end position of the closing element, the branch line Close (17) to the condenser. 3. Refrigerating machine according to claim i and 2, characterized characterized in that the double valve designed as a double cone (2o) is located in the passage space (18) of the closure member is displaceable by means of a screw thread and passages (21) from one side to the other of the screw thread.