DE40629C - Process for the production of a depolarizing mass - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus.

Patented in the German Empire on October 14, 1886.

In the case of galvanic elements, patent holders have been using mixtures of depolarizing, solid and little or not at all soluble substances, which with the aid of a hydraulic Press or some other device are so agglomerated that they form a solid mass, which has sufficient conductivity and the application of cells or porous partitions, as well as the use of special ones in an emergency Metal or carbon electrodes, which are usually thought of as electricity collectors served on the positive pole, made superfluous.

Various mixtures and various molding processes are used to manufacture these depolarizers and uses certain shapes.

Up to now the manufacturing process has consisted in giving the depolarizing bodies a small amount Amount of any binding agent (such as tar, pitch, asphalt, albumen, glue, paper stock, Silicate, cement, rubber or resin), and then the individual components to bind this mixture firmly with one another, be it on a warm or a cold route. It had to be of the binding agent in the case where it has an isolating effect, be used as little as possible, so as not to weaken leadership; when using resin z. B. 5 to 10 pct. To get a good result.

The most commonly used binding agent was the rubber lacquer, a strongly insulating body which is very strongly attacked by the alkalis, especially by the ammonia which develops in great quantities in those elements which are excessively excited. The procedure described below is intended to prevent the destruction of the depolarizing body caused by the excessive excitation. This manufacturing process is as follows:
The mix consists of:

Manganese superoxide ... 40 pct.,

Graphite 44

Shoemaker's bad luck ....;. 9 -

Sulfur. 0.6 -

Water . ~. 6.4 -

together . . . . ioo- pCt.

These substances, after they have been finely pulverized, and give them the abovementioned quantity Water is added, by hand or by mechanical means, intimately with one another mixed up.

The moist mixture is pressed into molds at normal temperature, be it with With the help of a single-acting or a double-acting press, whichever is the latter two pistons are moved against each other and the object to be processed by press two opposite sides together.

The mixture can also be brought into the desired shape by stretching or rolling, like this happens in the manufacture of the carbon rods for electric arc lamps.

After pressing, the product is removed from the mold; it is then sufficient firmly in order to be able to be treated further without disadvantage.

The same is brought then in a drying chamber or in an oven wherein the temperature gradually to approximately 350 ⁰ increased.

This temperature is not sufficient to decompose the depolarizing mass, but it is high enough to remove the volatile components first to drive out the binding agent and then its solid constituents into an invulnerable one Convert body.

During this gradual burning, which lasts about 2 hours, first evaporate the water present in the depolarizing mass, then the most volatile ones, the oil contained in the pitch and finally the sulfur (which is not used as a binding agent, but acts as a reagent). The sulfur combines because it is at high temperature acts on all hydrocarbon compounds, with the matter which from the pitch remains, and converts this residue partly into volatile sulfur compounds, which are released during the burning, partly in a solid and unassailable, bodies which conduct electricity well.

The effect of sulfur on the pitch is similar to that of sulfur on the chewing - to compare schuk in the vulcanization of the same.

The ratios given above can be changed within certain limits.

Furthermore, the manganese peroxide can be replaced by lead peroxide, copper oxide and in general be replaced by all known depolarizing substances.

Claims (1)

Patent claim: The process for the production of a depolarizing mass for galvanic elements, characterized in that the resinous binder (pitch, resin) used for the Substances a small amount of sulfur is added, not as an adhesive, but as a Reagent is used, and furthermore the whole mixture of substances, first at ordinary temperature by pressing, rolling or stretching into one compact mass and then gradually heated up to 350 ° C., whereby the resinous binders partly separated out and the remaining part through the sulfur is converted into a body similar to vulcanized rubber, so that a very solid, conductive, porous and unassailable by the liquid of the element, depolarizing mass arises.