DE4009990A1 - Phytosanitary agent for prevention and treatment of plant diseases - contains natural carboxylic acids and/or aminoacid(s), purine(s) and/or pyrimidine(s) and vitamin(s) - Google Patents

Abstract

Phytosanitary agent according to DE 3910061 contains (I) natural carboxylic acids or their salts and/or at least two amino acids or their salts. (II) purines and/or their derivs. and/or pyrimidines and/or their derivs; and (III) vitamins or their derivs. or precursors, so that the wt. ratio of individual cpds. of components (I), (II) and (III) is 0.1-10:0.001-1:0.001-1. USE/ADVANTAGE - The agent is used to prevent and treat plant illnesses of biotic origin to increase yields and to safeguard products. The agent is esp. useful when mixed with fermentation prods. from plants and plant residues (e.g. composts), marine brown algae, animal residues (e.g. manure) or mixts. which are enriched with microorganisms, esp. bacteria, yeasts, fungi and unicellular algae. The agent is esp. useful against Phytophthora infestars, Botrytis anerea, Plasmopara viticola, Erisiphegraminis, Uncinula necator, Tilletia sp. and Pseudopeziza tracheiphila. The agent can be used to treat the parts of the plant above the earth, or to treat the harvested prod.

Description

Composts of microorganic material are characterized by a special variety of microorganisms, their metabolites and other organic and inorganic compounds. Next to her Importance as organic fertilizer has been possible for a long time attributed positive effects on plant health. So should Bark compost extracts have a fungicidal and fungistatic effect against various soil-borne Phytophthora species show. compost extracts are generally fermentation products from plants and Plant residues, animal residues, marine algae or mixtures from that.

It is already known that aqueous extracts or pressed juices from fermented Organic substances when applied to green parts of plants, such as Leaf, stems, fruits of plants or seeds, to be applied, one unfold phytosanitary effect. Such effects are reported by H.C. Weltzien et al. in the "German Crop Protection Gazette" (Braunschweig), 39, 1987, p. 25 et seq. The results of the afterwards performed Experiments prove the often suspected positive effects of compost or compost extracts on plant health. It It has been shown that the extracts in the treated plants resistance mechanisms induce and / or the pathogens immediately influence.

Furthermore, supplements are known that many microorganisms in addition to minerals and carbon, nitrogen and energy sources need to their diet. They belong to the basic component of the cell and can not escape from some microorganisms simple building blocks are synthesized. These include amino acids, Carboxylic acids, purines, pyrimidines, carbohydrates and vitamins. From  their function and concentration differ the supplements clearly of nutrients.

The options described above, by compost or compost extracts the disease infestation of plants and parts of plants reduce or exclude or avoid pose until today unsatisfied.

There are various mixtures of substances known to be phytosanitary Effect is attributed. This is how SU 14 46 155 A describes Agent containing an amino acid, a purine and a vitamin. It serves as an adjunct to the nutrient solution of tissue cultures to regenerate the Plant organs and strengthen the young plants to achieve. For the Plant protection and for application to above-ground parts of plants it is not provided. EP-A 02 53 714 is concerned with fungicidally effective 2-component mixtures with a pyrimidine derivative and alanine or a derivative thereof. EP-A 00 44 224 focuses on the combination of chlorocholine chloride and the "Methabolic Additives" (also vitamins, Amino acids, purines, pyrimidines, carboxylic acids). Neither chloroquine chloride yet the metabolic additives alone are said to be fungicidal Own effect. DD-A 63 669 relates to a systemic fungicide, a combination of one part of a glycine derivative and 0.02 to Contains 2 parts of an N⁶-substituted adenine. It only becomes one Purine (adenine) and an amino acid (glycine) used. The WO 79/00 838 relates to agriculturally usable chemicals, such as fungicides, Herbicides and plant growth regulators, wherein one or more the following additives are used: carbohydrates, organic Acids (especially fatty acids), vitamins and coenzymes, purines and Pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides, naturally occurring fats and Oils, certain amino acids and, if these are agriculturally usable Chemicals are not themselves plant growth regulators, such Regulators. DE-A 26 25 398 is concerned with an agent and a method for stimulating the germination of potatoes, wherein this mandatory an amino acid in the form of cysteine and a pyrin in Contains form of kinetin.

The means described above do not give a clear teaching, as in general  a phytosanitary remedy could be designed to the widest possible extent To open up application possibilities. This also applies to the discussed possibilities through compost or compost extracts the Reduce disease infestation of plants and parts of plants or excluded. The invention was therefore based on the object here Remedy.

The solution according to the invention consists in a phytosanitary agent according to patent / patent application P 39 10 061.8, which characterized Is that it is

• I) natural carboxylic acids or their salts and / or at least two Amino acids or their salts,
• II) purines and / or derivatives thereof, in particular nucleosides, nucleotides and salts thereof, and / or pyrimidines and / or derivatives thereof, in particular Nucleosides, nucleotides and salts thereof and the salts of Purines and Pyrimidines and
• III) contains vitamins or derivatives or precursors thereof,
  being on
  about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a single compound of group I),
  about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a single compound of group II) and
  about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a single compound of group III)
  omitted.

The core idea of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention is therefore in the composition of matter described above qualitatively and quantitatively at least two amino acids or their salts use. It is preferred if three, four or more Amino acids or their salts are used. Hereby opens up a widest possible application of this agent with the desired phytosanitary effect. It has been shown that in certain Applications to the requirement for at least two or more amino acids can be omitted, which will be discussed below becomes.

Those with the incorporation of at least two amino acids in the According to the invention phytosanitary agents associated effects can be explain technologically as follows:  

The phytosanitary effect of agents of this kind on the leaf surface is due to a promotion of non-pathogenic microorganisms. The promoted microorganisms can suppress the disease-causing fungi or bacteria either indirectly by food competition or directly by antagonism and thereby trigger the phytosanitären effect. As a possible positive-acting microorganisms z. B. Pseudomonas and Bacillusarten and various yeasts known. There can be countless other microorganisms in question. These microorganisms have different nutrient requirements, including with regard to the different amino acids. Their nutrient requirements are thus met by different amino acids, in particular two or more, are offered in the respective agent. The determination of the nutrient need of all positively acting microorganisms of the leaf surface (phyllosphere) taking into account the claims of pathogenic microorganisms is not only possible in a plant pathogen system. The determined nutrient combination is then a compromise between the best possible promotion of antagonists and competitors and the vast avoidance of the promotion of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The number of proteinogenic amino acids ( 21 ) is significantly greater than the number of vitamins in question ( 11 ), purines ( 4 ), pyrimidines ( 3 ) or carboxylic acids ( 11 ), if the precursors and derivatives are not taken into account. The probability that two or more amino acids are advantageous is significantly greater than with vitamins, purines, pyrimidines or carboxylic acids. It is also known that phyllosphere microorganisms live in close coexistence with the plant. However, the plants excrete massive - both over roots and leaves - amino acids. In the evolutionary adaptation of microorganisms to the specific conditions of the leaf surface, the amino acids play an important role. This could have led to the particular amino acid need of phyllosphere microorganisms.

The invention also relates in particular to the use of the above phytosanitary agent according to the invention for treatment described of above-ground parts of plants and crops, in particular for  Preventing and controlling biotic plant diseases Origin with regard to yield increase and assurance. In this Use range, it is then particularly advantageous, as follows described, fermentation products from plants and plant residues, Marine algae, animal residues or mixtures thereof, enriched with microorganisms, especially bacteria, yeasts, fungi and unicellular algae with the agent according to the invention in admixture use. Within the scope of these advantageous uses (with and without fermentation products) shows the value of the invention particular, if the respective means of combating the Phytophthora infestans, Botrytis cinerea, Plasmopara viticola, Erysiphe graminis, Uncinula necator, Tilletia sp. and pseudopeziza tracheiphila is used.

Become fermentation products with the phytosanitary agent of the invention used in mixing, then plays the mixing ratio here regularly no decisive role. As a rough guideline could a mixing ratio, based on dry matter, of about 1 Part by weight of phytosanitary agent according to the invention at 100 to 10,000, in particular 300 to 3000 parts by weight of fermentation product, based on Dry substance, be specified.  

On the basis of the above-mentioned framework is in the realization of the present invention preferably as follows The procedure:

Is in the phytosanitary agent according to the invention a single compound Group I), then the amount is given and on their basis, taking into account the conditions described above the respective amount of the individual compounds of groups II) and III). Group I) comprises several compounds, then it is best to use the single link that within group I) occupies a middle position by weight. For the case that two or more compounds of group I) in the According to the invention, phytosanitary agents are contained from this the average value is based. Each Compound of groups II) and III) is in the designated quantity frame with the amount of group I) in relation to brought. This means that z. B. from group II) 0.001 to 1 part by weight a single compound A), 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a single Compound B) etc. to 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the default amount of a compound Group I) is eliminated.

It is preferred that about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, especially about 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, a single compound of group I) based are laid. The following amino acids are preferred: L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, L-arginine, L-alanine, L-serine, D- and / or L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, D- and / or L-phenylalanine, L-asparagine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, D- and / or L-glutamine, L-proline, L-hydroxylproline, D- and / or L-valine, L-leucine, L-glycine, L-cystine and L-isoleucine. When incorporating carboxylic acids, it is preferred that the agent according to the invention at least one of the following natural Carboxylic acids or their salts contains: pyruvic acid, lactic acid, Oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, glutaric acid and maleic acid.

The advantageous selection of a purine or pyrimidine is designed to  in that the phytosanitary agent comprises at least one of the following compounds in the form of adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine (purines), cytosine, Thymine and uracil (pyrimidines) or derivatives, in particular nucleosides, Nucleotides and salts thereof.

The optimization in the use of vitamins can be done by that at least one vitamin in the form of thiamine, biotin, nicotinic acid, Ca-pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, para-aminobenzoic acid, Retinol palmitate (retinol), choline, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B₁₂) and folic acid or derivatives, salts or precursors thereof becomes. It is preferred if the vitamins pyridoxine hydrochloride, Riboflavin, retinol palmitate, choline and folic acid each in an amount from about 0.0001 to 1 mg / L, especially 0.06 mg / L, the vitamins Thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid and Ca-pantothenate each in one Amount of about 0.05 mg / l, the vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid in one Amount of about 0.012 mg / l, the vitamin cyanocobalamin in an amount of about 0.012 mg / L and the vitamin biotin in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / l.

When using the phytosanitären invention this becomes preferably converted in advance in an aqueous form. Here is the following Concentration frame preferred: at least one single amino acid or carboxylic acid in each case in an amount of about 0.01 to 10 mg / l, in particular about 0.1 to 1 mg / l, at least one single purine or Pyrimidine in each case in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l, in particular 0.006 mg / l and at least one single vitamin each in one Amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / L of aqueous agent. This invention phytosanitary means is thereby advantageously still designed, by adding the individual purine or pyrimidines in an amount of about 0.001 to 0.1 mg / l, in particular 0.006 mg / l, the individual amino acids or natural carboxylic acids in an amount of about 0.1 to 1 mg / l, in particular 0.3 mg / l, the individual vitamins, pyridoxine hydrochloride, Riboflavin, retinol palmitate, choline and folic acid in an amount from about 0.0002 to 1 mg / L, especially 0.06 mg / L, the individual Vitamins Thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid and Ca-pantothenate in one Amount of about 0.05 mg / l, the vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid in one Amount of about 0.012 mg / l, the vitamin cyanocobalamin in an amount  of about 0.0012 mg / L and the vitamin biotin in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / l.

In some cases, it may be beneficial if the phytosanitary agent encapsulated is used. It is subject to the capsule wall no significant restriction. This should be environmentally friendly and moreover dosed under the influence of moisture Allow exit of the entrapped phytosanitary agent. As a result, its targeted spreading exactly at the place of action possible, so that no loss of effect occurs on such areas, where no plants are settled. The encapsulation becomes a long-term Effect possible. As an example of suitable capsules can those from liposomal materials, such as phospholipids become.

With particular advantage, the invention in the treatment of Use plants and parts of plants, in particular for the prevention and control of plant diseases of biotic origin. As special Significant plant diseases may include the Phytophthora infestans (Potato herb rot), Botrytis cinerea (gray mold), Plasmopara viticola (downy mildew on vines), Uncinula necator (powdery mildew at vines), Erysiphe graminis (powdery mildew of cereal), stone fire of wheat (Tilletia sp.) and Pseudopeziza tracheiphila (Red burner on vines). The use of the invention phytosanitary agent is in individual cases, even if no advantage phytosanitary purpose is pursued, but only an increase and Aiming at the yield of crops.

The phytosanitary agents according to the invention can in individual cases in Combination with compost extracts increased effects in disease control and inhibition or yield increase and income security demonstrate. The compost extract can immediately after his Obtained in aqueous form with a phytosanitary according to the invention Means mixed in aqueous form and then applied directly become. There is also the option of the compost extract Freeze-drying and him with the phytosanitary invention Mixtures in powdery form to mix. The mixing ratio is  not critical here. There are other possibilities, the common Effect of compost extract and phytosanitary invention Means to use. This can be achieved by the Phytosanitären invention the fermented organic Substances are supplied during the extraction. With progressive Extraction time are subject to the components of the invention phytosanitären means a certain degradation or a certain Conversion, so that won in this way and ultimately used extracts differ in their composition from that having the phytosanitary agent according to the invention alone. Despite this change, the same biochemical effects as when using only the phytosanitary agent according to the invention achieved. It depends on the individual case whether the phytosanitary means according to the invention when used alone a better effectiveness than the Combination phytosanitary agent / compost extract shows. Overall there So there are many possible uses of the phytosanitary invention Agent.

Which means in the individual case shows the optimal effect, can be based on clarify a simple preliminary experiment. The host / parasite used System the essential role. Which of those discussed above three cases (control of fermentation, application simultaneously with Compost extracts and application alone) in a particular case of particular Advantage can be determined by a conventional screening method, being on the respective harmful organism or on the respective crop is turned off. The test object is the one to be protected Plant with the corresponding harmful organism.

In the preparation of the combination compost extract / phytosanitary Means may be used, for example, as follows: 10 parts by weight an aqueous solution of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention (about 0.3 mg of active substance in total in one liter of water) to Overflowing of a part by weight of compost used. in principle Any kind of compost can be used. Particularly suitable also commercially available composts, such as the product "Biokuhdung" the Fa. Backhus. The mixture of phytosanitary agent and compost will shaken once after collapsing. The temperature  during extraction is preferably about 18 to 25 ° C. you takes about 1 to 30 days, depending on the host-parasite system. After completion of the extraction is followed by filtration through a cloth or another filter of similar pore size (no sterile filtration). The extracts are used immediately after filtration or preserved by freeze-drying or other methods and kept. Basically, the skilled artisan is subject to recovery the combination compost extract / phytosanitary agent is not essential Restrictions. The procedure described above can be varied be modified.

By adding special phytosanitary agents according to the invention will be targeted in the context of compost extracts Promotion of microorganisms relevant to the environment from the multitude of Compost living microorganisms possible. In this way, the Fermentation process to be controlled during the extraction or it A secondary fermentation takes place. The application of the invention phytosanitary agent alone or in combination with the compost extract directly on the leaves (or other plant parts) causes the phytosanitary effect in the following ways: a) targeted promotion of Antagonists and / or competitors and thus oppression the harmful organisms; b) induced resistance, either the phytosanitary agents according to the invention directly or metabolites the promoted microorganisms act as inducers and c) disorder the detection mechanism between harmful organism and crop by biochemical or physical reactions. It can be in aqueous Form alone, in combination with aqueous compost extracts or Compost juices, in combination with resuspended compost lyophilisates and the like can be used. The application is carried out in particular on aboveground parts of plants or on seeds or on underground Plant parts. In seed treatment, the following forms of application come in question: Seed baths in the treatment agents, Coatin with compost extracts, mixtures of the phytosanitary invention By means of carriers or capsule insert in the already described Wise.

In the host parasite system Botrytis cinerea bean was used with a  pure compost extract achieves an infestation reduction of 60% while in the combination compost extract / inventive phytosanitary Agent (addition of the phytosanitary agent after recovery of the compost extract) an 80% reduction in infestation was achieved. The corresponding Values in the host-parasite system Phytophthora infestans tomato were 80% and 90%, respectively (laboratory tests). The host parasite systems Strawberry Botrytis cinerea, Potato Phytophthora infestans, Barley Erysiphe graminis, grapevine Plasmopara viticola and grapevine-Uncinula necator showed in the treatment compared to the untreated system with a combination according to the invention compost extract / phytosanitary Mean infestation reduction values of 50%, 85%, 50 to 60%, 76 to 96% or 70 to 80% and yield increases of 20 to 40 or 95% for the Host parasite system Strawberry Botrytis cinerea and Potato Phytophthora infestans. The Host Parasite Systems Strawberry-Botrytis cinerea, Potato Phytophthora infestans and grapevine Plasmopara viticola were examined in field trials while the others Host parasite systems were tested in the greenhouse.

As a result, the advantages attainable with the invention are that the treated plants or plant parts, such as seeds and fruits, be protected against disease infestation, this is excluded or the harmful organisms without the use of chemically harmful biocides be inhibited or killed. In individual cases, a repellent Effect on animal pests detected (spider mites). With the agents according to the invention can also be quantitative and qualitative To achieve crop yield improvements. The term "Plant" should be understood here as far as possible and live like also dead plants or plant parts, such as leaves, stems, fruits or seeds and subterranean organs and, for example, timber and the like.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to various examples be explained:

example

It should be investigated whether the phytosanitary invention Mixtures alone or in admixture with compost extracts the disease infestation of Phytophthora infestans (potato herb rot) (Plant: Tomato) and Botrytis cinerea (Gray mold) (Plant: Bean) in the affected plants show efficacy. It was in both cases of the following phytosanitary mixtures.

1) According to the invention phytosanitary aqueous solution with effect against Phytophthora infestans L-aspartic acid 300 μg / l L-glutamic acid 300 μg / l L-histidine 300 μg / l L-arginine 300 μg / l L-asparagine 300 μg / l L-lysine 300 μg / l L-methionine 300 μg / l L-threonine 300 μg / l D-, L-glutamine 300 μg / l L-proline 300 μg / l L-hydroxyproline 300 μg / l uracil 6 μg / l hypoxanthine 6 μg / l riboflavin 60 μg / l Retinol palmitate 60 μg / l choline 60 μg / l folic acid 60 μg / l Para-amino benzoic acid 12 μg / l cyanocobalamin 12 μg / l

2) Phytosanitary agent in aqueous compost extract with effect against Phytophthora infestans L-aspartic acid 300 μg / l L-glutamic acid 300 μg / l L-histidine 300 μg / l L-arginine 300 μg / l D-, L-valine 300 μg / l L-leucine 300 μg / l L-cystine 300 μg / l L-isoleucine 300 μg / l adenine sulfate 6 μg / l Guaninhydrochlorid 6 μg / l cytosine 6 μg / l Tymin 6 μg / l thiamine hydrochloride 50 μg / l biotin 0.6 μg / l nicotinic acid 50 μg / l Ca-pantothenate 50 μg / l pyridoxine hydrochloride 60 μg / l

3) Phytosanitary agent in aqueous compost extract with effect against Botrytis cinerea L-aspartic acid 300 μg / l L-glutamic acid 300 μg / l L-histidine 300 μg / l L-arginine 300 μg / l D-, L-valine 300 μg / l L-leucine 300 μg / l L-cystine 300 μg / l L-isoleucine 300 μg / l adenine sulfate 6 μg / l Guaninhydrochlorid 6 μg / l cytosine 6 μg / l Tymin 6 μg / l thiamine hydrochloride 50 μg / l biotin 0.6 μg / l nicotinic acid 50 μg / l Ca-pantothenate 50 μg / l pyridoxine hydrochloride 60 μg / l

4) Phytosanitary agent in aqueous compost extract with effect against Plasmopara viticola and Vucinula necator on grapevine L-aspartic acid 300 μg / l L-glutamic acid 300 μg / l L-histidine 300 μg / l L-arginine 300 μg / l D-, L-valine 300 μg / l L-leucine 300 μg / l L-cystine 300 μg / l L-isoleucine 300 μg / l adenine sulfate 6 μg / l Guaninhydrochlorid 6 μg / l cytosine 6 μg / l Tymin 6 μg / l riboflavin 60 μg / l Retinol palmitate 60 μg / l choline 60 μg / l folic acid 60 μg / l Para-amino benzoic acid 12 μg / l cyanocobalamin 12 μg / l

The leaf extraction was carried out as follows: bush beans c.v. Marona were pulled in the greenhouse. For the use of primary sheets about 14 days were tested and about 3 for secondary leaves up to 4 weeks. After that, some were the same old leaves cut off and placed in a bowl with blotting paper soaked in water. Special emphasis was placed on an absolutely dry leaf surface the bean leaves laid. The cultivation of tomato plants lasted about 5 to 6 weeks much longer.

Tomato leaves were inoculated with a sporangia suspension of 70,000 / ml with a pump sprayer on the underside of the leaf. After inoculation, the temperature was for about 12 to 24 hours reduced to about 12 to 14 ° C, to ensure optimum hatching of zoospores and thus to ensure the success of the infection. About 7 days was then a temperature of about 20 ° C during the day and 17 ° C maintained at night with a light / dark change until evaluation. The Botrytis inoculation was performed simultaneously with the Apply the extracts. Here was a drop of compost extract / phytosanitary agent of 0.015 ml the same amount of one Spore suspension (10⁶ / ml in 0.5-15 malt extract solution).

Extract extraction was carried out as follows: The respective phytosanitary Agent (in aqueous form) was diluted 1:10. 10 parts by weight of these, compost was used to overflow one part. These Blend was done once after pouring and then weekly shaken vigorously once. The extraction conditions in with regard to temperature and lighting corresponded to the experimental conditions. The amount of extract needed for treatment was Filtration of the previously freshly stirred mixture through a cloth or coffee filters provided.  

To detect partial effects via induced resistance, the Application of the pure phytosanitary agent as well as the mixture of Extract / pure phytosanitary agent on the intact plant performed. For this purpose, tomato plants with the compost extract / Phytosanitary agent 2) sprayed dripping wet and around the so applied microorganisms a good survival or establishment possibility secure on the phyllossphere and three days in one Climate chamber with very high humidity kept (20 ° C during the day, 18 ° C at night; 7 to 20 o'clock dark phase). As a control serves once Water treatment (with 0.5-1% malt extract in Botrytis) and at Phytophthora as further controls the application of fresh phytosanitary Means 1) and 2), whereby the direct effect of the phytosanitary By means of the disease development can be estimated.

The evaluation was carried out on those with the phytosanitary agent 1) and 2) treated tomato leaves by a score in percentages, wherein a rating key according to C. James (Canadien Plant Disease Survey 51, 1971) served as an estimation aid. In botrytis (plant: bean) was the Size of the leaf lesions or their enlargement via the drop boundary estimated beyond. For billing was an analysis of variance and Duncan test done.

Result Phytophthora trial (plant: tomato)

The mixture compost extract / phytosanitary agent [mixture 2)] resp. the pure phytosanitary agent 1) showed a good effect against Phytophthora. The effect of pure compost extract became clear exceeded. Numerically, the effect can be stated as follows:

The untreated tomato leaves were 80% with the Phytophthora Infested with late blight. The compost extracts alone caused one 80% reduction in infestation, the pure phytosanitary agent1) or the Mean 2) reduced the infestation to 5%.

Botrytis experiments (plant: bean)

Here was a particularly good effect on the phytosanitary  Mean 3). A mixture of the agent 3) with compost extracts led to an 85% reduction in infestation, while the compost extracts alone the Reduced botrytis infestation by only 60%.

Phytophthora experiment (plant: potato, practical experiment

The application in the field took place in the form of spray treatments, the were repeated every 7 to 10 days during the growing season.

The phytosanitary agent 1) showed similar effects as pure compost extracts and reduced phytophthora infection by about 45%. The Mix compost extract and phytosanitary agent 2) reduced the Attack by 80%.

Field trial in viticulture

The phytosanitary agent 4) showed a good in wine-growing experiments Effect. Sprays of grapevines with this agent caused a Reduction of infestation with real mildew fungus by more than 50%. A Evaluation of the infection by red burner (Pseudopeziza tracheiphila) showed a significant reduction of infestation in this disease by about 30%.

Claims (14)

1. Phytosanitary agent according to patent / patent application P 39 10 061.8, characterized in that it

• I) natural carboxylic acids or their salts and / or at least two amino acids or salts thereof,
• II) purines and / or their derivatives and / or pyrimidines and / or derivatives thereof and
• III) contains vitamins or derivatives or precursors thereof,
  being on
  about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a single compound of group I),
  about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a single compound of group II) and
  about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a single compound of group III)
  omitted.

2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it at least contains three or four amino acids or their salts. 3. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that about 0.5 to 5 Parts by weight of a single compound of group I) are present. 4. Composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it at least contains two of the following amino acids or salts thereof: L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, L-arginine, L-alanine, L-serine, D- and / or L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, D- and / or L-phenylalanine, L-asparagine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, D- and / or L-glutamine, L-proline, L-hydroxylproline, D- and / or L-valine, L-leucine, L-glycine, L-cystine and L-isoleucine.   5. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of the following natural carboxylic acids or their Salts contains: pyruvic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, Succinic acid, malonic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, Glutaric acid and maleic acid. 6. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized that it contains at least one of the following compounds in the form of Adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine (purines) or cytosine, thymine and uracil (Pyrimidines) or their salts. 7. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized that there is at least one vitamin in the form of thiamine, biotin, Nicotinic acid, Ca-pantothenate, pyridoxine, riboflavin, para-aminobenzoic acid, Retinol palmitate, choline, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B₁₂) and folic acid or in the form of derivatives and precursors thereof. 8. Composition according to claim 7, characterized in that it is in aqueous Form is present. 9. Composition according to claim 8, characterized in that it is the individual Amino acid (of at least two amino acids) in an amount of about 0.01 to 10 mg / l, especially about 0.1 to 1 mg / l, at least one individual purine or pyrimidine in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l and at least a single vitamin in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l of aqueous medium. 10. Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the individual Purines or pyrimidines in an amount of about 0.001 to 0.1 mg / l, in particular 0.006 mg / l, the individual amino acids or natural carboxylic acids in an amount of about 0.1 to 1 mg / l, in particular 0.3 mg / l, the individual vitamins, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, retinol palmitate, Choline and folic acid in an amount of about 0.0002 to 1 mg / l, especially 0.06 mg / l, the individual vitamins thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid and Ca-pantothenate in an amount of about 0.05 mg / L, the Vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid in an amount of about 0.012 mg / l, the Vitamin cyanocobalamin in an amount of about 0.0012 mg / l and the  Vitamin biotin in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / l. 11. Use of the agent according to at least one of the preceding Claims for the treatment of above-ground parts of plants and crops, in particular for the prevention and control of plant diseases of biotic origin in terms of yield increase and assurance. 12. Use of the agent according to claim 11 including Fermentation products from plants and plant residues, marine algae, animal residues or mixtures thereof, enriched with Microorganisms, especially bacteria, yeasts, fungi and unicellular Algae. 13. Use according to claim 11 or 12 including the Possibility of using a single amino acid or a salt thereof in the phytosanitary agent. 14. Use according to one of claims 11 to 13 for combating the Phytophthora infestans, Botrytis cinerea, Plasmopara viticola, Erysiphe graminis, Uncinula necator, Tilletia sp. and pseudopeziza tracheiphila.