DE3435081A1 - Process and apparatus for producing reinforced-concrete unitised units which are open on one side - Google Patents

Abstract

A description is given of a process for producing reinforced-concrete unitised units which are open on one side, e.g. prefabricated garages with a door opening, in the case of which first of all the walls and the ceiling are introduced into a shuttering space, the walls and ceiling are then concreted, the resulting hardened hollow body is then removed from the shuttering and the floor is subsequently concreted on. In order to achieve satisfactory static conditions in the region of the connecting joint between floor and walls and to simplify the connecting work, in the case of said process, it is provided that, before concreting, a reinforcing cage enclosing the reinforcement of the walls, of the ceiling and of the floor is introduced into the shuttering space and the walls, at their lower inner side in the region of the points of connection with the floor, are shuttered obliquely inwards to the lower edge of the floor, while excluding its reinforcement, and that, after the hollow body has hardened, the latter is moved with the reinforcement of the floor into the position for concreting of said floor.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing reinforced concrete room cells that are open on one side, z. B. Prefabricated garages with gate opening by first introducing the reinforcement for the walls and the ceiling in a formwork space , then the walls and the ceiling are concreted, then the hardened hollow body obtained in this way is demoulded and subsequently the The ground is concreted, the reinforcement of which is connected to the reinforcement of the hollow body. The invention also relates to a device for Implementation of the aforementioned procedure.

In the series production of room cells, especially prefabricated garages, it is always about a usually only one-sided, z. B. on the gate side, open steel concrete hollow body to manufacture and in the most efficient way possible to meet the technical and qualitative requirements placed on a building of this type. There are essentially two known types of manufacturing to differentiate, namely on the one hand the production of the whole

Hollow body in one cast, on the other hand the production in at least two Stages. In the first-mentioned production method, the entire room cell is produced either in a vertical or in a horizontal position. In the first Case, the necessary rise height of the concrete in the formwork space is very large, so that a perfect inner surface on the hollow body is not always guaranteed. Either the entire formwork or the formwork must also be removed Hollow body can then be tilted into its horizontal position of use, for which complex constructions and a corresponding one Hall height or pits are required. In the case of horizontal production, there are also irregularities on the surface of the lower one Wall, usually the bottom, which are caused by air bubble inclusions or the like.

There are several ways of proceeding in multi-stage production. Either the hollow body and the base plate are prefabricated and subsequently connected to one another in the hardened state (DE-OS 24 31 424) or the prefabricated and hardened hollow body is also connected to the lower edge the walls protruding reinforcement parts are printed into a still soft floor slab (DE-OS 18 09 237) or the base plate with protruding reinforcement parts prefabricated and the hollow body then on the hardened Concrete on the base plate (DE-OS 17 59 214). Finally, it is known to free the hollow body on the inside as far as the lower edge of the base plate to prefabricate accessible reinforcement parts, the reinforcement of the soil to connect these reinforcement parts and then the floor slab in the Concrete hollow bodies (DE-OS 26 44 316). The invention relates to exclusively on such a multi-stage, in particular two-stage process (DE-OS 26 44 316) because this method is primarily a flawless one Surface on the ground that is stressed when used as a prefabricated garage, is obtained. All multi-stage processes have the disadvantage that between

the production of one part of the room cell and the subsequent attachment and / or connecting the other part, the reinforcement of both parts with each other must be connected, which as a rule cannot be done at the reinforcement area provided for such work. In many cases they are the connection work is also relatively complicated and must be carried out in cramped or unfavorable space and space. Also is the alignment the reinforcement parts to each other when merging difficult, because this in generally can only be done with the crane. Finally it results in the in most cases a critical connection joint between the concrete parts, which also often lies on the outer side surface in the area of the lower edge of the walls. Although it is known (DE-OS 28 47 554) to design the connection area so that the connection joint is at the bottom, but here too the connection work for the reinforcement is complicated to carry out.

The invention is based on the object of a two-stage manufacturing process a statically sound solution in the connection area with simultaneous To propose simplification of manufacturing.

This task is achieved on the basis of the method mentioned at the beginning solved that the reinforcement of the walls, the ceiling and the floor enclosing reinforcement cage was introduced into the formwork space before concreting and the walls on their lower inside in the area of the connection points of the Soil sloping inwards to the lower edge of which is cut off with the recess of its reinforcement, and that after the hollow body has hardened this is brought with the reinforcement of the soil in the position for concreting the soil.

The solution according to the invention is initially characterized in that the Complete reinforcement of the reinforced concrete room cell in the form of a reinforcement cage at the usual place of the manufacturing company for such work

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created and the reinforcement cage then inserted into the formwork will. The use of such a closed reinforcement cage is on in the production of room cells from a cast (DE-OS 28 45 106) known, but there it is also absolutely necessary to enable such a single-stage production. In contrast to this prior art in the method according to the invention, the space of the soil reinforcement is blocked off during concreting by placing the walls in the area of the connection points of the soil can be shut off with a recess in the soil reinforcement. It can so no concrete penetrates the soil reinforcement. The shuttering of the side walls takes place with inwardly sloping surfaces. After hardening of the hollow body, the base plate is poured in and smoothed out. This can be done at the concreting station, provided one is mobile in all parts Formwork is used, or at another point to which the hollow body with reinforcement by means of a roller pallet, crane or the like. Move will. The connection joint between the walls and the base plate runs obliquely inwards and downwards from the inside of the walls. By the inventive method is initially guaranteed that the reinforcement connections are given between the hollow body and the bottom in an equally exact and qualitatively flawless manner, white in one cast manufactured room cell. Furthermore, the connection joint is exclusively on the inside, is therefore especially not visible on the outside and for surface water inaccessible. Furthermore, the base plate is supported on the inclined Connection surface of the walls, so that transport loads and the static Ouerkruppen from the dead weight of the floor and its payload are flawless can be included.

Often, room cells have in the area of the corners between the walls and cove-like stiffeners on the floor, which usually form inclined surfaces on the inside. According to the invention it is provided for such room cells, that the inclined shuttering on the lower inside of the walls in direct connection with the outer surface of the cove-like stiffeners he follows.

So that the connection joints are in the area of the corners between walls and Floor arranged so that they are not or barely visible.

7386/84-ly

To carry out the method, the invention is based on a known one Device made of a formwork base plate or a floor pallet, a mold on the inside of the walls and the ceiling, if necessary contractable formwork core and several the walls and if necessary, the ceiling is molded on the outside, removable formwork walls consists, wherein the formwork core is pulled out of the hardened hollow body through one of its open sides, or vice versa, the hollow body is withdrawn from the formwork core via this side. In these known formwork, the formwork core is generally freely cantilevered on a supporting frame which is arranged in a stationary manner. In this case the room cell is on a mobile floor pallet, by means of which the reinforcement cage is driven over the formwork core, concreted. After this When the transport hardness is reached, the outer formwork walls are moved away and the reinforced concrete cell with the floor pallet moved away. Instead, it is also known that the supporting structure of the formwork core can be moved to design and move the formwork core in the formwork position or the demolding position (DE-OS 17 59 214 or 28 45 106).

According to the invention, such a device is characterized in that in Area of the lower outside of the surfaces of the formwork core that form the walls these shuttering parts which continue obliquely inward are provided, which sit on the shuttering base plate or the floor pallet and according to the grid of the transverse bars of the soil reinforcement have comb-like recesses.

With this device it is thus possible to use the complete reinforcement cage using a crane or using the floor pallet over the formwork core to be brought into the concreting position. The formwork parts recessed like a comb then ensure that the space of the base plate is blocked off from the formwork space of the walls. It is more like that

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advantageous if the concrete of the walls through the comb-like recesses something runs out, because then there is also a kind of toothing in the connection joint. After concreting and hardening, these are recessed in a comb-like manner Formwork parts, if necessary together with the formwork core removed and the base plate poured out.

The formwork parts can either be attached to the formwork core and on the Reinforcement lying on the formwork base plate or the base pallet can be lowered or, according to another embodiment, be attached to the formwork base plate or the base pallet.

In the first-mentioned embodiment, they can be recessed in a comb-like manner Formwork parts be pivotally attached to the formwork core, so that they move from a position above the reinforcement to the lowered position in which they sit on the formwork base plate or the roller pallet, can be folded down. Instead, it is for a formwork core that can be raised and lowered, for example, or with a contractible one Formwork core possible, the formwork parts directly on the formwork core to be attached so that they are brought into position with the movements of the formwork core. However, difficulties can arise in individual cases come when the transverse bars of the reinforcement are not positioned exactly, so the comb-like recesses are not moved over them can be. It is therefore more advantageous to attach the formwork parts to the To bring formwork base plate or the roller pallet in position, which may be can be done immediately after placing the reinforcement cage on the plate or pallet. Here it is possible to use the transverse moving reinforcing bars so that they can be overlapped by the comb-like recesses. In this case, the Formwork parts removed separately after removing the formwork from the hollow body will.

7386/84-ly

The invention is described below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
In the drawing show:

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a prefabricated garage; FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a prefabricated garage;

FIG. 3 shows the detail III according to FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale, however before putting in the soil and

FIG. 4 shows the detail IV of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale after Bring in.

The prefabricated garage 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 has two side walls 2, a rear wall 4, a ceiling 5 and a floor 6. Furthermore is the prefabricated garage 1 provided with a gate opening 7 and in the area thereof with a lintel and side reveals for the gate stop.

In Figure 4, the connection area between the side walls 2, 3 and the Floor 6 shown enlarged. In the embodiment shown, in the corners between the side walls 2, 3 or the rear wall 4 (FIG. 3) on the one hand and the base plate 6 on the other hand, vault-like stiffeners 8 or 9 are provided, which form inclined surfaces on the outside. The cove-like stiffeners 8, 9 close directly to the outer surfaces 10, 11 obliquely inwards and downwards a correspondingly inclined connection joint 10, between the floor and the walls. It can also be seen from Figures 3 and 4, that in the connection area each transverse rods 12, the reinforcement of the base plate 6 seamlessly into the reinforcement 14, 15 of the Side walls or the rear wall are integrated, in particular the connection points are sufficiently far removed from the connection joint 10, 11 so as not to allow a hinge to arise in the connection joint.

7386/84-ly

The production of the prefabricated garage is carried out in such a way that the side walls 2, and rear wall 4 and ceiling 5 existing hollow body is manufactured in a first stage by a closed reinforcement cage, which is the wall reinforcement 14, 15 and the reinforcement 12, 13 for the base plate 6, brought over a formwork core 16 (Figure 3) and then movable outer shuttering walls 17 are brought into position to form the necessary shuttering space. The space of the base plate 6 blocked off by formwork parts 18 (for the rear wall) and 19 (for the side walls), which grip with comb-like recesses 20, 21 over the respective transverse bars of the reinforcement of the floor - after hardening of the hollow body obtained in this way, the comb-like formwork parts 18, - possibly together with the formwork core 16 - removed or the The hollow body is pulled off the formwork core through the door opening 7 and the floor slab 6 is then concreted on (FIG. 4).

Claims (5)

Claims 1. Process for the production of reinforced concrete room cells open on one side, ζ. Β Prefabricated garages with a door opening, by first placing the reinforcement for the walls and the ceiling in a formwork space, then concreting the walls and the ceiling, then removing the formwork from the hardened hollow body obtained in this way and subsequently pouring the floor into concrete, with its reinforcement with the Reinforcement of the hollow body is connected,
characterized, that before concreting a reinforcement cage enclosing the walls, the ceiling and the floor in the formwork space introduced and the walls on their lower inside in the area of the connection points of the floor obliquely inward to its lower edge be switched off with the recess of its reinforcement, and that after the hardening of the hollow body this with the reinforcement of the Soil is brought into the position for concreting the soil. - 2 - 7386/84-ly 3A35081 2. The method according to claim 1 for the production of such space cells, e.g. Prefabricated garages which have cove-like stiffeners in the area of the inner corners between the walls and the floor, characterized in that, that the sloping shuttering on the lower inside of the walls immediately adjoins the outer surface of the cove-like Adjustments are made. 3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, Consisting of a formwork base plate or a floor pallet, one that molds the walls and the ceiling on the inside, if necessary contractible formwork core and several removable formwork walls that mold the walls and possibly the ceiling on the outside, wherein the formwork core is pulled out of the hardened hollow body through one open side or vice versa the hollow body is withdrawn from the formwork core on this side, characterized in that in the area of the lower outside of the surfaces of the formwork core (16) which form the walls, these formwork parts (18, 19) which continue obliquely inward are provided which sit on the formwork base plate or the base pallet and have comb-like recesses (21) in accordance with the grid of the transverse bars (12, 13) of the soil reinforcement. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the formwork parts (18, 19) attached to the formwork core (16) and on the floor reinforcement lying on the formwork base plate or the floor pallet can be lowered. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the formwork parts (18, 19) are attached to the formwork base plate or the floor pallet.