DE314153C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE314153C DE314153C DENDAT314153D DE314153DA DE314153C DE 314153 C DE314153 C DE 314153C DE NDAT314153 D DENDAT314153 D DE NDAT314153D DE 314153D A DE314153D A DE 314153DA DE 314153 C DE314153 C DE 314153C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- phosphorus
- converter
- silicon
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000490025 Schefflera digitata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015250 liver sausages Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000499 pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDFYYWMHPJTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-K tetracalcium;phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O FDFYYWMHPJTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHES REICHGERMAN EMPIRE
AUSGEGEBEN AM 2. SEPTEMBER 1919.ISSUED ON SEPTEMBER 2, 1919.
. REICHSPATENTAMT. REICH PATENT OFFICE
PATENTSCHRIFT:PATENT LETTERING:
JVS 314153 --■ KLASSE 18b GRUPPEJVS 314153 - ■ CLASS 18b GROUP
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 15. September 1917 ab.Patented in the German Empire on September 15, 1917.
Die Herstellung brauchbaren Stahles für StahlforniguO im basischen Kleinkonverter läßt sich bisher nur ans reinem Einsalzmaterial oder aber aus hoch phosphoihaltigern Roheisen durch· führen. Die untere ^Grenze für Phosphor, bei welcher der Prozeß noch wirtschaftlich durchführbar ist, liegt erfahrungsgemäß bei einem Phoäphorgehalt des Einsatzes von 1,7 Prozent. Hierdurch ist dem Kleinkonverterbcsitzer dieThe manufacture of usable steel for steel forging In the basic small converter it is only possible to use pure salting material or else from high phosphorous pig iron by to lead. The lower ^ limit for phosphorus, at Experience has shown that it is up to one person who the process can still be carried out economically Phoaphor content of the insert of 1.7 percent. As a result, the small converter owner is the
to Möglichkeit genommen, Roheisen mit unter ■ 1,7 Prozent Phosphor und Schrott mit höherem Phosphorgehalt, also billigereEinsatzmatcrialicn in seinem Betriebe zu verwenden.to the possibility of pig iron with less than ■ 1.7 percent phosphorus and scrap with higher Phosphorus content, so to use cheaper materials in his operations.
Um den Wärmebedarf des Schmelzprozesscs beim Konverterbetrieb bei Anwendung eines im Phosphorgehalte niedrigen Roheisens zu decken, ist man bekanntlich gezwungen, den Siliziumgehalt in der Höhe der oberen Grenze, also bei ungefähr 0..8 Prozent Silizium zu halten.To meet the heat requirements of the melting process when using a converter To cover low pig iron in the phosphorus content, one is known to be forced to use the Keep silicon content at the level of the upper limit, i.e. around 0..8 percent silicon.
Ein .hoher Siliziumgehalt bedingt aber beim basischen Konverterbetrieb, wie ebenfalls bekannt, die Anwendung eines Überschusses an Ätzkalk zur Bindung der entstehenden Kieselsäure und Verhinderung der Reduktion der Phosphorsäure aus dem Tetracalciumphosphat. Um eine möglichst weitgehende Entphosphorung zu erzielen, hat man vorgeschlagen, den Stahl im geschmolzenen Zustande der Einwirkung der Metalle der seltenen Erden zu unterwerfen. Auch hat man andererseits empfohlen, dem Eisenbade in der Birne zwecks Erzielung eines heißen Ganges namentlich bei der Verarbeitung kleinerer Eisenmengen Stoffe, wie Silizium oder Phosphor, zuzusetzen, die durch ihre Verbrennung eine große Hitze erzeugen. Demgegenüber soll nach vorliegendem Verfahren, um aus phosphorarmem Roheisen, z. B. aus solchem mit nur 0,7 bis 0,9 Prozent Phosphor und aus gewöhnlichem Stahlschrott mit 0,3 Prozent Silizium 4η und o,3 Prozent Phosphor, einwandfreien Stahlformguß mit max. 0,04 Prozent Phosphor erblasen zu können, die entphosphorende.und die wärmeerzeugende Eigenschaft des metallischen Calciums gleichzeitig ausgenutzt werden, und zwar dadurch, daß man dem Stahl- ■ bade im Konverter bei Beginn des Blasens zur Erreichung einer hohen Anfangstemperatur zwecks Bindung etwaigen Siliziums undsclmeller Entfernung des Kohlenstoffs und bei Beginn der Entphosphorung zwecks Erzielung genügender Hitze bis zum Ende der Charge, fein gepulvertes metallisches Calcium durch die Düsen gleichzeitig mit der Luft zuführt, oder ~ aber metallisches Calcium'dem Stahle in der Pfanne vor Einbringung in den Konverter zusetzt. Die große Verbrennungswärme des Calciums bewirkt bereits bei geringer Verwendung des Metalles, die neben Sparsamkeitsgründen aus Gründen des praktischen Betriebes nicht zu hoch sein darf, eine kräftige Steigerung der Temperatur des Bades. Infolge der Abwesenheit größerer Mengen Silizium ist die Hinzufügung eines Überschusses an Ätzkalk unnötig, die Dauer der Charge wird verkürzt, der Abbrand verringert, und die entfallende Thomasschlacke weist den regulären Gehalt an Phosphor säure auf.A high silicon content, however, in the case of basic converter operation, as is also known, the use of an excess of quick lime to bind the resulting silica and preventing the reduction of phosphoric acid from the tetracalcium phosphate. To get the most extensive dephosphorization possible To achieve this, it has been proposed to use the steel in the molten state of action of the rare earth metals. On the other hand, it has also been recommended the iron bath in the pear in order to achieve a hot course the processing of smaller amounts of iron, substances such as silicon or phosphorus, add the generate a great deal of heat by burning them. In contrast, according to the present Method to convert from low-phosphorus pig iron, e.g. B. from such with only 0.7 to 0.9 percent phosphorus and from ordinary steel scrap with 0.3 percent silicon 4η and 0.3 percent phosphorus, perfect cast steel with a maximum of 0.04 percent To be able to blow out phosphorus, the dephosphorus.and exploited the heat-generating properties of metallic calcium at the same time by the fact that the steel bath ■ in the converter at the beginning of the blowing to achieve a high initial temperature for the purpose of binding any silicon and clmeller Remove the carbon and start dephosphorization to get more sufficient Heat until the end of the batch, finely powdered metallic calcium through the Nozzles at the same time as the air, or ~ but metallic calcium 'to the steel in the The pan clogs before it is placed in the converter. The great heat of combustion of calcium causes even with little use of the metal, in addition to reasons of economy for reasons of practical operation should not be too high, a strong increase in Temperature of the bath. Due to the absence of large amounts of silicon, the addition an excess of quicklime unnecessary, the duration of the batch is shortened, the burn-off reduced, and the omitted Thomas slag has the regular content of phosphoric acid on.
Der erhaltene Stahl wird zu dem durch die reinigende Wirkung des Calciums, die sich durch Bindung der geringen im Stahl gelösten Stickstoffmengen und einer Entschweflung bemerk-The steel obtained is due to the cleaning effect of the calcium, which is due to Binding of the small amounts of nitrogen dissolved in the steel and a desulphurisation noticeable
bar macht, in seiner Qualität dem anderen, durch sonstige Windfrischverfahren erhaltenen Stahl gegenüber besser ausfallen. Um das Calcium, das infolge seiner grqßen.Oxydationsfähiglveit äh der Luft ziemlich unbeständig ist'l vor vorzeitiger Oxydation zu schützen,· tränkt man es zweckmäßig mit Petroleum.makes cash, in its quality to the other, obtained through other wind freshening processes Better than steel. To that Calcium, which due to its great oxidizing ability er the air is rather unstable, oil must be protected from premature oxidation, soaks one expediently with petroleum.
Durch Hinzufügung der üblichen Legierungen nach dem Verblasen im Konverter oder in der Pfanne ist jede gewünschte Stahlquaütät herstellbar. ;By adding the usual alloys after blowing in the converter or in the Any desired steel quality can be produced in the pan. ;
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE314153C true DE314153C (en) |
Family
ID=566984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT314153D Active DE314153C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE314153C (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE965243C (en) * | 1950-02-28 | 1957-06-06 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag Vereinigt | Process for producing low-nitrogen Thomas steel |
DE973313C (en) * | 1949-03-01 | 1960-01-21 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag Vereinigt | Process for the production of alloyed steels according to the basic wind freshening process |
DE974872C (en) * | 1950-02-05 | 1961-05-18 | Hoesch Ag | Method of making steel |
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0
- DE DENDAT314153D patent/DE314153C/de active Active
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE973313C (en) * | 1949-03-01 | 1960-01-21 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag Vereinigt | Process for the production of alloyed steels according to the basic wind freshening process |
DE974872C (en) * | 1950-02-05 | 1961-05-18 | Hoesch Ag | Method of making steel |
DE965243C (en) * | 1950-02-28 | 1957-06-06 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag Vereinigt | Process for producing low-nitrogen Thomas steel |
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