DE31263C - Innovation in the construction of floors - Google Patents
Innovation in the construction of floorsInfo
- Publication number
- DE31263C DE31263C DENDAT31263D DE31263DA DE31263C DE 31263 C DE31263 C DE 31263C DE NDAT31263 D DENDAT31263 D DE NDAT31263D DE 31263D A DE31263D A DE 31263DA DE 31263 C DE31263 C DE 31263C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- beams
- asphalt
- bearings
- wood
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
- E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
- E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
- E04C2003/0417—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts demountable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
- E04C2003/0421—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
- E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
KLASSE 37: Hochbauwesen.CLASS 37: Building construction.
Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 23. September 1884 ab.Patented in the German Empire on September 23, 1884.
Bei Füfsböden, welche unmittelbar auf dem Erdboden aufliegen, werden zu den Lagern einfache, mit der hohlen Seite nach oben gekehrte Belageisen oder andere entsprechende Profileisen benutzt, wie dies die Fig. 1 und 2 der beiliegenden Zeichnung darstellen. In diese Eisenschienen α wird heifsflüssiger Asphalt b gegossen und darin das Holz c eingeprefst. Der Asphalt kann dabei rein sein oder mit Substanzen, wie Sägespäne, Sand etc., gemischt. Zur Herstellung von Deckenbalken ist es in der Regel erforderlich, zwei Belageisen a a1 oder andere dergleichen Hohlschienen in der Weise zu verbinden, wie dies die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen. Die obere Schiene α dient dann, wie im ersten Falle das einfache Belageisen, zur Aufnahme des Asphalts und des Holzes. Die auf solche Weise hergestellten Balken sind verhältnifsmäfsig sicher gegen Feuersgefahr; das Holz, welches nur in dünnen und kurzen Stücken Verwendung findet, läfst sich leicht in vollständig trockenem und gesundem Zustande beschaffen und ist gegen Zerstörung durch Schwamm geschützt.In the case of floors that lie directly on the ground, simple cover irons with the hollow side facing upwards or other corresponding profile irons are used for the bearings, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings. Hot liquid asphalt b is poured into these iron rails α and the wood c is pressed into them. The asphalt can be pure or mixed with substances such as sawdust, sand, etc. To produce ceiling beams, it is usually necessary to connect two covering irons aa 1 or other similar hollow rails in the manner shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The upper rail α then serves, as in the first case the simple covering iron, to hold the asphalt and the wood. The beams made in this way are relatively safe against the risk of fire; the wood, which is only used in thin and short pieces, can easily be procured in a completely dry and healthy condition and is protected against destruction by a sponge.
Um ferner diejenigen Uebelstände zu beseitigen, "welche aus der unmittelbaren Ueberdeckung des Erdbodens bezw. des Füllmateriales bei Zwischendecken mittelst der Fufsbodendielen hervorgehen, bringe ich zwischen den Lagern auf den Erdboden, sowie zwischen den Balken auf das Füllmaterial eine Schicht d aus Asphalt, Asphaltfilz, Holzcement oder andere für Luft und Wasser undurchlässige Materialien, und zwar so, dafs sich diese Schicht an die Asphaltbettung b der Hölzer in den Lagern bezw. Balken fest anschliefst und sich mit derselben verbindet. Auf diese Weise wird das Aufsteigen von schädlichen Dünsten aus dem Erdreiche wie dem Füllmaterial (welches letztere selbst als Träger von Krankheitsstoffen angesehen wird) in die Wohnräume verhindert, und es wird auch hier ein wirksamer Schutz gegen die Bildung von Schwamm geschaffen.Furthermore, in order to eliminate those inconveniences "which result from the direct covering of the ground or the filling material in the case of false ceilings by means of the floor boards, I put a layer d of asphalt, asphalt felt on the ground between the bearings and on the filling material between the beams, Wood cement or other materials impermeable to air and water, in such a way that this layer adheres firmly to the asphalt bedding b of the timbers in the bearings or beams and connects with them how the filling material (which the latter is regarded as a carrier of pathogenic substances) prevents it from entering the living space, and here, too, an effective protection against the formation of sponge is created.
Die Construction der Deckenbalken unter Anwendung von zwei Belageisen oder anderen ähnlichen Profileisen gewährt noch den Vortheil, dafs sich bei derselben in bequemer Weise Fehlböden aus Holz, sowie Decken aus Wellblech, Holz oder Stein anbringen lassen. Für hölzerne Fehlböden e, Fig. 4, oder Decken aus geradem Wellblech f werden die Belageisen am zweckmäfsigsten unter Einfügung von Zwischenstücken g mit einander vernietet, so dafs ein freier Raum zwischen den Eisenschienen zur Einfügung des Bodens e oder Bleches f verbleibt. Bei Gewölben h oder Decken aus gewölbtem Wellblech verwendet man am besten Balken, aus trapezförmigen Eisenschienen hergestellt. Bei k, Fig. 4, ist noch angegeben, wie sich die Schalung einer Stuckdecke an dem Balken befestigen läfst. Die Schalbretter sind hier an eine Latte / genagelt gedacht, welche von den nach Fig. 3 an a1 festgenieteten Platten m getragen wird.The construction of the ceiling beams with the use of two covering irons or other similar profile irons affords the advantage that false floors made of wood, as well as ceilings made of corrugated iron, wood or stone, can be conveniently attached to them. For wooden false floors e, Fig. 4, or ceilings made of straight corrugated iron f , the covering irons are most expediently riveted to one another with the insertion of intermediate pieces g , so that a free space remains between the iron rails for the insertion of the floor e or sheet metal f. For vaults h or ceilings made of curved corrugated iron, it is best to use beams made of trapezoidal iron rails. At k, Fig. 4, it is also indicated how the formwork of a stucco ceiling can be attached to the beam. The shuttering boards are intended to be nailed to a lath, which is supported by the plates m riveted to a 1 according to FIG. 3.
Die zu den Deckenbalken zu verwendenden Eisenträger lassen sich auf verschiedene Weise aus zwei oder mehreren Stücken zusammensetzen, wie in den Fig. 5 bis 8 dargestellt ist. So besteht der Träger, Fig. 5, aus zwei seitwärts an einander genieteten Schienen von solcher Form, dafs sie sich leicht walzen lassenThe iron girders to be used for the ceiling beams can be changed in different ways Assemble from two or more pieces, as shown in Figs. The carrier, FIG. 5, consists of two rails riveted to one another sideways Such a shape that they can be easily rolled
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE31263C true DE31263C (en) |
Family
ID=307348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT31263D Expired - Lifetime DE31263C (en) | Innovation in the construction of floors |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE31263C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19502174A1 (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1995-08-31 | Wolfgang Taenzer | Composite girders for construction of buildings etc. |
CN110485054A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-22 | 东华大学 | A kind of centre is without supporting movement overlength crossbeam bend preventing device |
-
0
- DE DENDAT31263D patent/DE31263C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19502174A1 (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1995-08-31 | Wolfgang Taenzer | Composite girders for construction of buildings etc. |
CN110485054A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-22 | 东华大学 | A kind of centre is without supporting movement overlength crossbeam bend preventing device |
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