DE294857C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE294857C DE294857C DENDAT294857D DE294857DA DE294857C DE 294857 C DE294857 C DE 294857C DE NDAT294857 D DENDAT294857 D DE NDAT294857D DE 294857D A DE294857D A DE 294857DA DE 294857 C DE294857 C DE 294857C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium
- carnallite
- chloride
- magnesium
- sulphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L MgCl2 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;potassium;trichloride;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UGLUPDDGTQHFKU-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+] Chemical compound [NH4+].S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+] UGLUPDDGTQHFKU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-amine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC(C)[NH3+].CCCCCC(C)[NH3+] XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monochloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 Potassium chlorine Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJXVUEMVNWMNCR-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;potassium;sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OJXVUEMVNWMNCR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
enthaltenden Düngemittels.containing fertilizers.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung war darauf gerichtet, das in den Endlaugen der Chlorkaliumfabriken und in dem hygroskopischen Carnallit enthaltene wertlose oder geringwertige Magnesiumchlorid in wertvolle Produkte überzuführen bzw. die hygroskopische Eigenschaft des Carnallits zu beseitigen. Zu diesem Zwecke wurde das Verhalten des Magnesiumchlorids zu Ammoniumsulfat studiert. Die Versuche zeigten, daß durch Vermischung der bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur hergestellten Lösungen beider Salze ohne Abkühlung eine erhebliche Kristallisation stattfand, die durch Wechselzersetzung herbeigeführt wurde. Die ausgeschie-The aim of the present invention was directed to the in the final liquors of Potassium chlorine factories and worthless or inferior ones contained in the hygroscopic carnallite To convert magnesium chloride into valuable products or the hygroscopic property of carnallite. For this purpose the behavior of the magnesium chloride studied about ammonium sulfate. The experiments showed that by mixing the common Solutions of both salts produced at a considerable temperature without cooling Crystallization took place, which was brought about by alternating decomposition. The rejected
1S dene Kristallisation bestand aus Ammoniummagnesiumsulfat (N H4) 2 SO4 + MgSO4, wie durch Analyse festgestellt werden konnte. Die Wechselzersetzung erfolgt nach der Gleichung: 1 S dene crystallization consisted of ammonium magnesium sulfate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + MgSO 4 , as could be determined by analysis. The alternating decomposition takes place according to the equation:
Mg Cl2 6 H2O + 2 (NH4)2SO4 Mg Cl 2 6 H 2 O + 2 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4
= 2 NH4 Cl +(NH4J2SO4MgSO4 6H2O.= 2 + NH 4 Cl (NH 4 J 2 SO 4 MgSO 4 · 6H 2 O.
Zu 264 Teilen Ammoniumsulfat sind 95 Teile wasserfreies Magnesiumchlorid erforderlich. Das Verhältnis ist 100 zu 36.95 parts of anhydrous magnesium chloride are required for 264 parts of ammonium sulfate. That Ratio is 100 to 36.
Um die Kristallisation dieser Wechselzersetzung sorgfältig beobachten zu können, wurde die bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur nahezu gesättigte Lösung von 100 Teilen Ammoniumsulfat in 140 Teilen Wasser mit Magnesium-Chlorid versetzt. Durch geringen Zusatz von Mg Cl2 beginnt sofort die Kristallisation des Doppelsalzes. Wenn die theoretische Menge des Magnesiumsalzes hinzugefügt wird, erfolgt die Ausscheidung des Doppelsalzes nahezu vollständig als feines Kristallpulver. Erwärmt man die Lösung, so erhält man nach der Abkühlung schöne große Kristalle in kurzen Säulen oder dicken Tafeln des monoklinen Systems, die mit Kaliummagnesiumsulfat isomorph sind. Nach der Abscheidung des Doppelsalzes wird die Mutterlauge etwas eingedampft. Es kristallisiert dann Ammoniumchlorid, welches nach einmaligem Umkristallisieren nahezu chemisch rein ist.In order to be able to carefully observe the crystallization of this alternating decomposition, magnesium chloride was added to the solution of 100 parts of ammonium sulfate in 140 parts of water, which was almost saturated at ordinary temperature. By adding a small amount of Mg Cl 2 , the crystallization of the double salt begins immediately. When the theoretical amount of the magnesium salt is added, the double salt is almost completely precipitated as fine crystal powder. If the solution is warmed, then after cooling one obtains beautiful, large crystals in short columns or thick sheets of the monoclinic system, which are isomorphic with potassium magnesium sulfate. After the separation of the double salt, the mother liquor is slightly evaporated. Ammonium chloride then crystallizes, which is almost chemically pure after one recrystallization.
Ammoniummagnesiumsulfat ist im Vergleich zum Ammoniumsulfat schwer löslich. Bei 20° C lösen 100 Teile Wasser etwa 75 Teile Ammoniumsulfat, während von dem Doppelsalz nur 20 Teile löslich sind. Das Doppelsalz ist nicht hygroskopisch und als Pflanzennährstoff gut geeignet.Ammonium magnesium sulfate is sparingly soluble compared to ammonium sulfate. at 20 ° C, 100 parts of water dissolve about 75 parts of ammonium sulfate, while from the double salt only 20 parts are soluble. The double salt is not hygroscopic and as a plant nutrient well suited.
Zu der Darstellung dieses Doppelsalzes für die Landwirtschaft kann man vorteilhaft die magnesiumchloridhaltigen Kalirohsalze, besonders Carnallit,· verwenden. Auch sämtliche Halbfabrikate oder Zwischenprodukte von der Verarbeitung der Kalirohsalze sind sehr geeignet. Wenn man z. B. das Kaliumchlorid aus Carnallitrohsalz, welches mit anhängender Lauge von Magnesiumchlorid durchtränkt ist, mit gemahlenem Ammoniumsulfat vermischt, so bildet sich sofort das Doppelsalz als trockenes Salzgemisch, welches zur Düngung direkt verwendet werden kann.To the representation of this double salt for agriculture one can advantageously use the Use crude potassium salts containing magnesium chloride, especially carnallite. All of them too Semi-finished products or intermediate products from the processing of crude potash salts are very suitable. If you z. B. the potassium chloride from Carnallitroh salt, which is soaked with attached lye of magnesium chloride, mixed with ground ammonium sulphate, the double salt forms immediately as a dry one Salt mixture that can be used directly for fertilization.
Das Doppelsalz-Ammoniummagnesiumsulfat ist infolge seiner Schwerlöslichkeit im Vergleich zu der der einzelnen Bestandteile viel beständiger als der Carnallit, welcher durch wenigThe double salt ammonium magnesium sulfate Due to its poor solubility, it is much more stable compared to that of the individual components than the carnallite, which by little
Wasser leicht zerfällt. Beim innigen Zusammenreiben von Carnallit und Ammoniumsulfat bildet sich ein Gemenge von Ammoniummagnesiumsulfat, Ammoniumchlorid und Kaliumchlorid nach der Gleichung:Water disintegrates easily. Forms when carnallite and ammonium sulphate are rubbed together a mixture of ammonium magnesium sulfate, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride according to the equation:
KCl MgCl2 6 H2O+2.KCl MgCl 2 6 H 2 O + 2.
(NH4)2S.O4 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4
= (N H4)2 S O4 Mg SO4 6 H2 O+ 2NH4 Cl + KCl.= (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Mg SO 4 6 H 2 O + 2NH 4 Cl + KCl.
Die Reaktion nach vorstehender Gleichung ίο beginnt bereits bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur durch inniges Zusammenreiben und wird beschleunigt, wenn man das sorgfältig hergestellte Gemisch auf etwa ϊο.ο bis i6o° C erwärmt. Bei i6o° C schmilzt; der Carnallit und zerfällt dann in Kaliumchlorid und Magnesiumchlorid. Letzteres bildet mit Ämmoniumsulfat sofort Ammoniumchferid und Ammoniummagnesiumsulfat. Durch Zusatz von wenig Wasser kann die Wechselzersetzung vom Carnallit beschleunigt werden. Zu derDarstellung von Ammoniummagnesiumsulfat und Ammoniumchlorid, welches als Düngesalzmischung verwendet werden soll, verarbeitet man am besten den künstlichen Carnallit, der durch Eindampfen der Mutterlaugen von der Kaliumchloriddarstellung gewonnen wird. Das durch vorstehende Wechselzersetzung erzeugte Gemenge stellt ein trockenes körniges Produkt dar, wie es zum Ausstreuen auf den Acker gut geeignet ist.The reaction according to the above equation ίο starts already at normal temperature by intimate rubbing together and is accelerated if one carefully manufactured Mixture heated to around ϊο.ο to 160 ° C. Melts at 160 ° C; the carnallite and then breaks down into potassium chloride and magnesium chloride. The latter immediately forms ammonium sulphate and ammonium magnesium sulphate with ammonium sulphate. The alternating decomposition of carnallite can be accelerated by adding a little water will. For the preparation of ammonium magnesium sulfate and ammonium chloride, which is to be used as a fertilizer salt mixture, it is best to use the artificial one Carnallite, which is produced by evaporation of the mother liquors from the potassium chloride is won. The mixture produced by the above alternating decomposition represents a dry one granular product, as it is well suited for spreading on the field.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE294857C true DE294857C (en) |
Family
ID=549385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT294857D Active DE294857C (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE294857C (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE851956C (en) * | 1949-12-01 | 1952-10-09 | Hellmuth Keitel Dr | Fertilizer |
| DE932430C (en) * | 1950-08-20 | 1955-09-01 | Wintershall Ag | Fertilizer containing ammonia |
| DE965227C (en) * | 1950-02-23 | 1957-06-06 | Wintershall Ag | Process for the production of easily filterable magnesia and ammonium-magnesium double salt |
| DE1010078B (en) * | 1955-04-07 | 1957-06-13 | Norddeutsche Chemische Werke G | Process for the preparation of salt mixtures containing ammonium schoenite and ammonium schoenite |
| DE1013668B (en) * | 1954-10-02 | 1957-08-14 | Wintershall Ag | Process for the production of magnesium ammonium phosphate monohydrate |
| DE1018886B (en) * | 1954-11-03 | 1957-11-07 | Wintershall Ag | Nitrate and chloride-free nitrogen fertilizer with magnesium content |
| DE968425C (en) * | 1954-06-25 | 1958-02-13 | Wintershall Ag | Process for the production of magnesium ammonium phosphate monohydrate and ammonium sulfate from magnesium sulfate, phosphoric acid and ammonia |
-
0
- DE DENDAT294857D patent/DE294857C/de active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE851956C (en) * | 1949-12-01 | 1952-10-09 | Hellmuth Keitel Dr | Fertilizer |
| DE965227C (en) * | 1950-02-23 | 1957-06-06 | Wintershall Ag | Process for the production of easily filterable magnesia and ammonium-magnesium double salt |
| DE932430C (en) * | 1950-08-20 | 1955-09-01 | Wintershall Ag | Fertilizer containing ammonia |
| DE968425C (en) * | 1954-06-25 | 1958-02-13 | Wintershall Ag | Process for the production of magnesium ammonium phosphate monohydrate and ammonium sulfate from magnesium sulfate, phosphoric acid and ammonia |
| DE1013668B (en) * | 1954-10-02 | 1957-08-14 | Wintershall Ag | Process for the production of magnesium ammonium phosphate monohydrate |
| DE1018886B (en) * | 1954-11-03 | 1957-11-07 | Wintershall Ag | Nitrate and chloride-free nitrogen fertilizer with magnesium content |
| DE1010078B (en) * | 1955-04-07 | 1957-06-13 | Norddeutsche Chemische Werke G | Process for the preparation of salt mixtures containing ammonium schoenite and ammonium schoenite |
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