DE288618C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE288618C DE288618C DE1911288618D DE288618DA DE288618C DE 288618 C DE288618 C DE 288618C DE 1911288618 D DE1911288618 D DE 1911288618D DE 288618D A DE288618D A DE 288618DA DE 288618 C DE288618 C DE 288618C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- cooler
- liquid
- piston
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
— JVr 288618-KLASSE 46 d. GRUPPE- JVr 288618-CLASS 46 d. GROUP
LEOPOLD ROBERT in HAMBURG und ARNOLD J. IRINYI in ALTRAHLSTEDT.LEOPOLD ROBERT in HAMBURG and ARNOLD J. IRINYI in ALTRAHLSTEDT.
Treibmittel für Kraftmaschinen. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 17. Oktober 1911 ab.Propellants for prime movers. Patented in the German Empire on October 17, 1911.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß die in die Reihe der Chloräthylene gehörenden Stoffe, deren Ausgangsmaterial Chlor und Acetylen ist, also z. B. Dichlorethylen (C2 H2 Cl2), Trichloräthylen (C2 H Cl3), Perchloräthylen (C2Cl4) usw., durch Nutzbarmachung der Änderung ihres Aggregatzustandes oder durch Änderung des Wärmezustandes ihrer Dämpfe für KrafterzeugungThe present invention is based on the knowledge that the substances belonging to the series of chloroethylenes, the starting material of which is chlorine and acetylene, ie z. B. dichloroethylene (C 2 H 2 Cl 2 ), trichlorethylene (C 2 H Cl 3 ), perchlorethylene (C 2 Cl 4 ), etc., by harnessing the change in their physical state or by changing the heat state of their vapors for power generation
1Q verwendbar sind. Die Chloräthylene haben nämlich ein sehr günstiges Verhältnis der Verdampfungswärme (latenten) zur spezifischen Wärme. Beispielsweise hat Dichloräthylen eine Siedetemperatur von 55 ° C und eine Ver- 1 Q can be used. The chloroethylenes have a very favorable ratio of the heat of evaporation (latent) to the specific heat. For example, dichloroethylene has a boiling point of 55 ° C and a
1S dampfungswärme von 71 W. E. oder nur 1I1 von derjenigen, welche zur Verdampfung des Wassers notwendig ist, wobei die spezifische Wärme des Dampfes nach Irinyi bei Dichloräthylen cp = 0,15, bei Tri cp = 0,11 und bei Per cp = 0,088 beträgt. Professor Mollier bestätigt gutachtlich die spezifische Dampfwärme von Dichloräthylen cp = 0,15 + 0,0003 t + 0,003 P» so daß bei dem Umstände, daß die Chloräthylene bei genügend hohen Temperaturen noch beständig sind, ein solches Verhältnis der nutzbaren Wärme zur Verdampfungswärme erreicht werden kann, welche einen viel größeren Nutzeffekt der Kraftmaschinen gegen Wasserdampfmaschinen ermöglicht. 1 S heat of steam of 71 units or only 1 I 1 of that which is necessary to evaporate the water, the specific heat of the steam according to Irinyi with dichloroethylene cp = 0.15, with Tri cp = 0.11 and with Per cp = Is 0.088. Professor Mollier confirms the specific steam heat of dichloroethylene cp = 0.15 + 0.0003 t + 0.003 P » so that given the circumstances that the chloroethylenes are still stable at sufficiently high temperatures, such a ratio of usable heat to heat of vaporization can be achieved which allows a much greater efficiency of the prime movers versus steam engines.
Diese Stoffe sind unverbrennbar, nicht giftig, selbstschmierend und greifen Metalle, insbesondere Eisen, nicht an.These substances are incombustible, non-toxic, self-lubricating and attack metals, in particular Iron, not on.
Fig. ι und 2 stellen Anlagen zum Betriebe von Kraftmaschinen mit Chloräthylen dar.Fig. Ι and 2 represent systems for the operation of prime movers with chloroethylene.
In Fig. ι bezeichnet A einen Dampfkessel, der z. B. als Gliederkessel ausgeführt sein und durch eine beliebige Heizquelle, z. B. mittels der Kohlenrostfeuerung B, geheizt werden kann. In diesem Kessel wird flüssiges Chloräthylen verdampft, das in an sich bekannter Weise einen Kreislauf ausführend in. die Kraftmaschine C (Kolbenmaschine, Turbine o. dgl.) und von hier in den Kühler D gelangt, wo die Dämpfe wieder verflüssigt werden, wobei sie ihre Wärme an die den Kühler durchstreichende Luft abgeben. Die Flüssigkeit wird durch die Pumpe E wieder in den Kessel geleitet, von wo aus sie ihren Kreislauf von neuem beginnt, während die den Kühler im Gegenstrom durchströmende Luft wieder der Feuerung mittels der Leitung G zugeleitet wird, gegebenenfalls unter Einschaltung eines Überhitzers F. In Fig. Ι A denotes a steam boiler, the z. B. be designed as a sectional boiler and by any heat source, z. B. by means of the coal grate B, can be heated. In this kettle liquid chloroethylene is evaporated, which in manner known per se a circuit executing in. The engine C (piston engine, turbine o. The like.) And passes from here into the cooler D, where the vapors are liquefied again, being their Dissipate heat to the air passing through the cooler. The liquid is fed back into the boiler by the pump E , from where it starts its cycle again, while the air flowing through the cooler in countercurrent is fed back to the furnace by means of the line G , possibly with the activation of a superheater F.
Dieses Verfahren hat gegenüber demjenigen mit Wasserdampf den Vorteil, daß infolge des günstigen Verhältnisses der Verdampfungswärme zur nutzbaren Wärme sowohl die Kesselheizfläche wie der Kühler viel kleiner sein kann. Beispielsweise hat bei Verwendung von Chloräthylen der Kessel bloß x/3 der Heizfläche der Wasserkessel bei derselben Leistung in P. S./Std. zu betragen. Infolge der geringen, durch den Kühler abzuführenden Wärme können die Kühler auch mit Luft vollkommen betrieben werden.This method has the advantage over that with steam that, due to the favorable ratio of the heat of evaporation to the usable heat, both the boiler heating surface and the cooler can be much smaller. For example, when using chloroethylene, the boiler only has x / 3 of the heating surface of the boiler with the same output in HP / hour. to be. As a result of the low heat to be dissipated by the cooler, the coolers can also be operated completely with air.
Nach Fig. 2 kann die Flüssigkeit durch die Pumpe E im Gegenstrom in den Kessel A geleitet, dort unter Druck stark erhitzt und dann bei C1 unverdampft in einen Raum ge-According to Fig. 2, the liquid can be passed in countercurrent by the pump E into the boiler A , there is strongly heated under pressure and then evaporated at C 1 in a room.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE288618T | 1911-10-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE288618C true DE288618C (en) | 1915-11-10 |
Family
ID=8900428
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1911288618D Expired DE288618C (en) | 1911-10-16 | 1911-10-16 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE288618C (en) |
FR (1) | FR445375A (en) |
Cited By (25)
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US9777288B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2017-10-03 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling leptinotarsa |
US9850496B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2017-12-26 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa |
US9988634B2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2018-06-05 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Polynucleotide molecules for gene regulation in plants |
US10041068B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 | 2018-08-07 | A. B. Seeds Ltd. | Isolated dsRNA molecules and methods of using same for silencing target molecules of interest |
US10100306B2 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2018-10-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling arthropod parasite and pest infestations |
US10240161B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2019-03-26 | A.B. Seeds Ltd. | Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression |
US10334848B2 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2019-07-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control using EPSPS polynucleotides |
US10378012B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2019-08-13 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests |
US10557138B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2020-02-11 | Beeologics, Inc. | Compositions and methods for virus control in Varroa mite and bees |
US10568328B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-02-25 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10609930B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2020-04-07 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10612019B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2020-04-07 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10655136B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2020-05-19 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for introducing nucleic acids into plants |
US10683505B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 | 2020-06-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods of introducing dsRNA to plant seeds for modulating gene expression |
US10760086B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-09-01 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10801028B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2020-10-13 | Beeologics Inc. | Compositions for controlling Varroa mites in bees |
US10806146B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-10-20 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10808249B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-10-20 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10829828B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-11-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10883103B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2021-01-05 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for delivery of a polynucleotide into a plant |
US10888579B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2021-01-12 | Beeologics Inc. | Compositions for conferring tolerance to viral disease in social insects, and the use thereof |
US10968449B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2021-04-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa |
US10988764B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2021-04-27 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for regulating gene expression via RNA interference |
US11091770B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2021-08-17 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests |
US11807857B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2023-11-07 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for delivering nucleic acids to plant cells and regulating gene expression |
-
1911
- 1911-10-16 DE DE1911288618D patent/DE288618C/de not_active Expired
-
1912
- 1912-06-25 FR FR445375A patent/FR445375A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (32)
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US10888579B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2021-01-12 | Beeologics Inc. | Compositions for conferring tolerance to viral disease in social insects, and the use thereof |
US10801028B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2020-10-13 | Beeologics Inc. | Compositions for controlling Varroa mites in bees |
US11812738B2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2023-11-14 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Polynucleotide molecules for gene regulation in plants |
US9988634B2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2018-06-05 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Polynucleotide molecules for gene regulation in plants |
US10760086B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-09-01 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10829828B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-11-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10808249B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-10-20 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10806146B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2020-10-20 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10934555B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2021-03-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression |
US10240162B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2019-03-26 | A.B. Seeds Ltd. | Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression |
US10240161B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2019-03-26 | A.B. Seeds Ltd. | Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression |
US10041068B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 | 2018-08-07 | A. B. Seeds Ltd. | Isolated dsRNA molecules and methods of using same for silencing target molecules of interest |
US10683505B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 | 2020-06-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods of introducing dsRNA to plant seeds for modulating gene expression |
US10609930B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2020-04-07 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10612019B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2020-04-07 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US10568328B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-02-25 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control |
US9850496B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2017-12-26 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa |
US11377667B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2022-07-05 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa |
US9777288B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2017-10-03 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling leptinotarsa |
US9856495B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2018-01-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa |
US10100306B2 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2018-10-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling arthropod parasite and pest infestations |
US10927374B2 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2021-02-23 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling arthropod parasite and pest infestations |
US10557138B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2020-02-11 | Beeologics, Inc. | Compositions and methods for virus control in Varroa mite and bees |
US10334848B2 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2019-07-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for weed control using EPSPS polynucleotides |
US11091770B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2021-08-17 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests |
US10988764B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2021-04-27 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for regulating gene expression via RNA interference |
US11807857B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2023-11-07 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for delivering nucleic acids to plant cells and regulating gene expression |
US10378012B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2019-08-13 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests |
US11124792B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2021-09-21 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests |
US10968449B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2021-04-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa |
US10883103B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2021-01-05 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Compositions and methods for delivery of a polynucleotide into a plant |
US10655136B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2020-05-19 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and compositions for introducing nucleic acids into plants |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR445375A (en) | 1912-11-09 |
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