DE2816256A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE ULTRAFILTRATION RATE IN A MEMBRANE DIFFUSION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

Henkel, Kern, Feiler & Hänzel patent attorneys

Möhlstrasse 37 D-8000 Munich 80

Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Ine.

^ _{n J} Te!.: 089 / 982085-87

Deerfield, 111., V.St.A. Telex: 0529802 hnkld

————————————________ Telegrams: ellipsoid

, 14. April 1978

Method and device for determining ultrafiltration rate with a hemorrhage diffusion system

The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the amount or rate of ultrafiltration in a Membrane diffusion system for liquids.

In dialysis, especially hemodialysis, the size of the ultrafiltration (the amount withdrawn from the dialyzed fluid) is important Amount of water) is a critical factor that is particularly carefully regulated during a blood dialysis procedure on a patient must become.

At present, ultrafiltration can be based on the dialyzer pressure difference between the bloodstream and the dialysis solution based on the arithmetic mean of the total dialyzer pressure be calculated. However, this procedure requires the pressure to be measured at both the inlet and the outlet for the dialysis solution and the use of additional equipment to carry out this measurement. Also, this represents Procedure does not necessarily represent an exact measure to determine the ultrafiltration, especially if there is any-

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one reason is the integrated total area of the dialyzer pressure gradient does not correspond to the arithmetic mean pressure gradient.

There is another possibility to determine the ultrafiltration in sealing or closing the dialyzer and turning off the blood pump, in order to have an integrated To receive pressure as a direct display of the pressure in the bladder trap of the previous dialysis blood line systems. It is however, it is extremely undesirable to turn off the blood pump during the dialysis process.

The method used according to the invention for determining the Ultrafiltration consists of an immediate measurement of the rate of ultrafiltration for a limited period of time, without stop the flow of blood or any other fluid being dialyzed. This data can then be used the total ultrafiltration rate over a longer period of time extrapolated away, with the results from time to time by redetermining the amount of ultrafiltration during be checked in a short period of time. The method according to the invention can therefore be carried out without a complete interruption of the dialysis procedure. With the invention The device can also check for direct measurement of the amount of ultrafiltration conveniently to any Time during the dialysis process.

The object of the invention is thus in particular to create a method and a device for determining the Ultrafiltration rate in a dialysis system during its operation.

This object is achieved by the measures and features characterized in the attached claims.

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The dialysis system comprises a dialysis unit (dialyzer), those in a dialysis solution flow path and also in a second flow path for the liquid to be dialyzed is arranged. These flow paths are in the dialysis unit separated from each other in the usual way by a semi-permeable membrane. The dialysis solution line is also next to it the device in connection with a higher-level solution container.

To carry out the method according to the invention is therefore Part of the dialysis solution path, including the dialysis machine, is closed to allow a flow - except through the membrane to prevent the dialysis solution in or out of this part of the flow path. At the same time, the flow of liquid are retained over the second flow path. As a result, any ultrafiltration from the second flow path leads to the Dialysis solution path during the period during which these conditions exist, to a solution stream between the Solution container and the first flow path in an extent corresponding to the ultrafiltration rate of the dialysis system.

If, in particular, in the embodiment to be described according to FIG. 1, if the specified is maintained for 5 minutes If the liquid level in the container increases by 100 cnr or ml, it can be determined from this that the ultrafiltration amount of the system at this point is 100 ml in 5 minutes. If the dialysis process continued for a long time wjkrd, it can then be assumed that ultrafiltration corresponding to 1200 ml must have taken place.

The part to be closed preferably comprises the dialysis solution flow path essentially only the flow path inside the dialysis machine, in order to reduce the volume of the closed To keep the flow path as small as possible.

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The invention is applicable to any dialysis or dialysis system and applicable to dialysis machines such as winding or snake, plate or fiber dialyzers. Likewise is the Invention on counter-osmosis devices or ultrafiltration applicable with a semi-permeable membrane; these devices should therefore also belong to the category of Dialysis systems to which the invention relates.

While the ultrafiltration in the normal dialysis arrangement usually takes place from the second to the first flow path, the invention can also be applied to a counter osmosis device or an ultrafiltrator where ultrafiltration takes place from the first to the second flow path. Here, the ultrafiltration can be determined by the fact that the container filled with liquid and, under the conditions specified for the invention, the decrease in the liquid level over time is observed.

The device still to be described for closing part of the dialysis solution path consists of a valve arrangement to form an intermittently opened and closed portion of the solution path. The valve baw. the shut-off device is preferably capable of part of the dialysis solution path to close or separate, which essentially only comprises the flow path inside the dialysis machine, in order to thereby to keep the volume of solution in the blocked-off area as small as possible and to increase the accuracy in determining the Ensure ultrafiltration (amount).

The shut-off device can comprise two slide parts which rest against one another to produce a seal and which are penetrated by bores through which the dialysis solution flow path runs. The first slide part carries connection means for tight connection of the bores with the corresponding

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Holes or openings in the dialysis machine, so that the dialysis flow can run under sealing through the slide parts and the device.

Movable locking means connect the slide parts in such a way that their bores in a first position with one another Can be brought to flight in order to produce a continuous solution flow path through the dialysis machine via these parts. In In a second position of the slide parts, their bores are not in alignment with one another, so that the dialysis flow path closed and its part located inside the device is separated for the determination of the ultrafiltration.

The outer opening or bore through which access to the solution flow path for the ultrafiltration determination is possible can be closed with a conventional injection part that can be pierced with a needle and accessible for a syringe be arranged at the top of the device. Optionally, this outer opening can be on the first and second Slider member are located, so that the invention is applicable to conventional disposable or single-use dialyzers. The opening is in connection with a vertically extending tubular line, which extends from this opening to a Place extends above the normal height of the device and is able to accommodate a volume of ultrafiltration fluid. If desired, the line can be used for measuring the in it be provided with a scale graduation.

In addition, the invention is an improved holder for a membrane dialyzer is provided which has blood inlets and outlets as well as a dialysis solution inlet and outlet, the holder can carry a conventional dialysis unit, which delivers the dialysis solution for use in the membrane dialyzer.

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The bracket also includes a second, from the first, frame supported frame, which is axially displaceable between two positions relative to the latter and which the membrane dialyzer able to carry. This second frame also contains a third tubular conduit that is telescopic or is arranged coaxially to the first line and third side opening means in the form of one or more, from each other distal openings and a wall which the bore of the third conduit inwardly from the third side opening means locks.

The second frame also contains a fourth tubular conduit which is arranged coaxially with the second conduit.

The third and fourth lines respectively communicate the inlet and outlet of a membrane dialyzer carried by the second frame.

The mentioned openings or bores are arranged so that in the first slide switchover position the first side bore, is closed by the first line and the third / opening (s) a connection via the third line, this third opening (s) and around the viand closing the bore in a flow path or line manufacture (manufacture) the built-in dialyzer. In this position, the fourth line is at a distance, so that the Fluid, as is typical of the dialysis solution outlet, flows through the fourth conduit and the second side bore can.

The device is also dimensioned so that the third side bore means in the second slide position one Establish a fluid connection with the first side hole and are otherwise closed to prevent flow in the line through the assembled dialyzer,

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while the fourth conduit is arranged to prevent flow through it and the second conduit will.

This bracket is therefore in the first slide pitch an occluded flow path is provided which is connected to the inlet and outlet of a built-in dialyzer. In the second slide position, the inlet and outlet are closed to prevent a flow, while the flow can be diverted through the dialyzer inlet for return via the first side bore. Furthermore is a Liquid volume measuring line is provided, with which the increase in the liquid volume in the closed dialysis solution line can be measured directly over time.

The holder according to the invention can with circulating or returnable single-use dialysis solution supply systems, e.g. with the Travenol RSP dialyzer, can also be used in conjunction with other such delivery systems in which the dialysis solution is automatically prepared from concentrate and before the supply to the dialyzer is processed in the device.

The holder according to the invention also includes lines that are connected to the part of the dialysis solution flow path that can be closed by the holder according to the invention is. These lines can be connected to a flow measuring device, so that the increase in the liquid volume can be measured in the sealed dialysis solution path due to the ultrafiltration.

The holder according to the invention is so in use with a dialysis solution supply device, and a dialysis machine is connected to the holder.

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16256

Dialysis can be carried out in normal fashion, while the holder according to the invention is in its first, previously mentioned position is located.

When the ultrafiltration rate occurring during dialysis or size is to be determined, the holder is simply pushed together by sliding the first and second frames into their second position brought. As a result, dialysis solution inlet and outlet to the dialyzer can be closed while a bypass opening for the incoming dialysis solution is opened so that the solution pump and the heating element the feeder do not need to be switched off. The liquid level in the line and in the connected Fluid measuring device rises within a measurement period spontaneously and provides an immediate indication of the ultrafiltration over a desired period of time without having to make adjustments to the blood flow through the system or the delivery rate of the dialysis solution to need.

When the amount of ultrafiltration has been measured, the dialysis solution flow to the dialyzer is reintroduced, by simply returning the first and second frames to the first position.

The above-mentioned embodiment ensures reliable long-term operation, because the O-rings are arranged so that the movement of the slide valve in the device according to the invention is perpendicular to the plane of the Q-ring and not parallel to it, as in de rfo is herige η Construction. This enables a better and more reliable seal over a longer period of time.

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In addition, the ultrafiltration measuring unit according to the invention offers better support for the membrane dialyzer to protect the same and to maintain intact, closed or sealed flow paths.

The following are preferred embodiments of the invention explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of part of a Dialysis system to which the invention is applied,

2 shows a plan view of a shut-off means used according to the invention to alternately open and close the dialysis solution flow path in a first or Open position,

Fig. 3 is a plan view similar to Fig. 2 showing the upper shut-off member in its second or closed position,

Fig. 4 is a plan view similar to Fig. 2 showing the upper shut-off member in its second or closed position,

B'ig. 5 shows a section similar to FIG. 3 through the upper shut-off element in its second position,

6 shows a partially broken away side view of another embodiment of a dialysis solution supply device,

Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view a holder according to the invention,

8 shows a longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, through the lower end of the holder according to FIG Illustration of the dsr in the second position Corridors and openings,

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9 shows a side view of the holder according to FIG. 7 in the second position in which the dialysis solution flow is blocked by the dialyzer and the dialysis solution is diverted (shunted),

FIG. 10 shows an illustration similar to FIG. 9 of the holder according to FIG. 7 in the first position in which the dialysis solution is circulated through the built-in dialyzer,

11 is a partially broken away partial section, on an enlarged scale, taken along the line 11-11 in FIG Fig. 7,

FIG. 12 shows an illustration similar to FIG. 8 of the lower end of the holder with it in the first position Parts to enable flow through the dialyzer,

13 shows a perspective partial representation of the lower end of the holder according to the invention,

14 shows an illustration of the holder similar to FIG. 10, but rotated by 90 ° about its longitudinal axis, and FIG

15 shows a view of the section from FIG. 11 rotated by 90 °.

1 shows a dialysis solution supply device which has a spiral or wound membrane dialyzer 10 and which - unless otherwise stated - has a generally known structure. The dialyzer 10 is in a container 12 included, which can be open at the top. The dialysis solution is via a central supply or Feed opening 16, around which a cuff or a.

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Connection piece 18 is arranged, can be fed in a base 14 of a structure known per se.

The closing or shut-off device is located above the connecting piece 18 20, with the help of which the dialysis solution flow path is opened alternately in a manner to be described in more detail and can be closed.

A blood inlet 22 of the dialyzer 10 is connected to one end of a flat membrane tube built into the dialyzer in connection. The flow path between inlet 22 and outlet 24 forms a second flow path in the dialyzer. A conventional blood pump with a circuit 25 shown schematically is used for circulation, suction and return of the blood to the patient.

The first S-flow path for the dialysis solution runs over the supply opening 16, through the shut-off device 20 into the dialyzer 10 and then via the outlet 26 via known Devices for circulation or return or for partial or complete extraction from the system in into the container.

The illustrated embodiment of the dialyzer is a so-called. CD winding dialyzer (Artificial Organs division of Travenol Laboratories, Ine.), Although the invention also applies to others Dialyzer units and membrane diffusion devices applicable is.

FIGS. 2 to 5 illustrate the shut-off device 20 in detail. According to Fig. 3, the nozzle 18 of a Cuff 19 are worn, which is attached to the base 14 and protrudes from this downwards. Nozzle 18 and sleeve 19 can be firmly connected by means of a tensioning strap 28 known per se while producing a seal.

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The connector 18 carries upper and lower slide or slide plates 30 and 32, which with the aid of a joint member 34 are pivotally connected to each other.

The upper slide plate 30 carries a double socket element 36, 38 for producing a sealed connection the dialysis solution inlet 40 and the outlet of the dialyzer 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the dialysis solution inlet is 40 of the dialyzer 10 is a connector-shaped element which can be inserted into the cuff or the connector 36 is, while the outlet 42 of the device 10 is inserted under sealing in a silicone rubber sealing ring 44, the through a holding sleeve 47 is held on the connecting piece 38.

The connection pieces 36 and 38 of the upper slide plate 30 are open towards the lower slide plate 32.

The lower slide plate 32 contains two bores 46, 48 which, in a first slide position according to FIGS. 2 and 3 are in communication with the connection piece 36 and 38, respectively. The dialysis solution flowing out of the feed device 14 via the inlet 16 therefore flows via the bore 46 and the connecting piece 36 to the inlet 40 of the dialyzer. This flows from here Solution in a manner known per se through the dialyzer to the outlet 42, and then via the tight flow path through the holding sleeve 47, the nozzle 38 and the bore 48 of the lower slide plate into the open space of the container 12 to flow, where it can be discharged or circulated as required. A cutout 50 of the connecting piece 18 facilitates if necessary, the outflow of the dialysis solution through the bore 48.

There are sealing rings 52 at various points to produce a liquid-tight seal between the various Components provided.

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According to Fig. 2, the lower slide plate 32 is with a arc-shaped elongated hole 54 is provided, which serves to guide retaining pins 56 from the upper slide plate 30 can be worn.

The upper slide plate 30 carries the dialyzer 10 during the dialysis process. When the slide plate 30 moves the dialyzer 10 moves with it, and the blood lines 22, 24 are to enable this movement flexible.

If the amount of ultrafiltration is to be measured immediately for a short period of time during dialysis, the upper slide plate 30 with the dialyzer carried by it relative to the lower slide plate 32 from the first position according to FIGS. 2 and 3 pivoted into the second position according to FIGS. When moving the top The slide plate around the joint 34 shifts in the process Pins in the elongated hole 54. Before the slide plate 30 is moved from the first to the second position, the in the base 14 located dialysis solution pump turned off. In the second position, the connecting pieces 36, 38 lie against a massive, opening-free one Section of the lower slide plate 32, so that the dialysis solution flow path in the dialyzer 10 at both Ends, i.e. at inlet 40 and outlet 42, is closed. In the meantime, the blood pump device 25 can again are put into operation in order to counteract the dialysis and ultrafiltration process which is now enclosed in the dialyzer 10 Continue dialysis solution.

In an upper section of the dialyzer 10, a puncture site 56 made of latex or another closed one can be closed Permitting means may be provided, which or that in a certain safety distance from the membrane windings with the Solution flow path is in communication so that the membrane

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threads cannot be damaged when inserting a needle. The puncture point 56 can have the same training v / ie the previous arrangements of this type, as used in the blood dialysis machines, for example sold by Travenol Laboratories, Inc.

According to Fig. 1, a needle 58, which is connected to a vented, graduated measuring glass 60, through the Puncture site 56 inserted through it so that it is a container forms, which is connected to d.em dialysis solution flow path in the dialyzer 10 and perpendicular to the Dialyzer is arranged. When the solution flow path of the device 10 separated or closed by means of the arrangement according to FIGS. 4 and 5 and the ultrafiltration continued is, therefore, liquid from the flow path via the needle 58 into the container or the measuring glass 60 is in a flow amount pushed up, which depends on the size of the ultrafiltration taking place in the course of dialysis. The solution flow path in the device 10 is thus shut off for a certain period of time, whereupon the collected in the measuring glass 60 Liquid amount can be determined. After that, the Slide plate 30 is moved back from the second position into the first position according to FIG. 2 and thereby the Flow of the dialysis solution through the dialyzer 10 is initiated again. The base 14 for conveying dialysis solution is activated again to continue dialysis.

In the manner described, the total size of the ultrafiltration, which took place during the entire dialysis process has to be determined by extrapolating when the time during which the slide plate 30 is in the second Position was, and the amount of dialysis solution collected in the measuring glass 60 during this period are known.

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Fig. 6 illustrates a second embodiment following the same principle works. There is a dialyzer unit 60, again arranged in a container 62, with a dialysis solution supply base 64 connected via a shut-off or slide device 66, which with the exception of the differences indicated corresponds to the shut-off device described above. In this embodiment the dialyzer contains 60 no puncture parts corresponding to puncture site 56. Instead, access to the dialysis solution flow path is via a bore 68 in a cuff or a connector allows, which the connector 36 according to substantially 1 to 5 corresponds, the only difference being that it can be a little higher if necessary to provide enough space for the hole 68 to be made available.

In the bore 68, a vertically mounted measuring glass 72 is inserted, producing a seal, which is a perpendicular has section 74 protruding beyond jden dialyzer 60.

During normal operation, a liquid level appears in the measuring glass 72 a, which corresponds approximately to the height to which the dialysis solution can rise in the dialyzer 60, and the on a pressure gradient measured approximately by the measuring glass 72 is adjusted. When closing the shut-off device 66 in a similar manner as in the previously described embodiment, due to increases the increasing volume of liquid in the sealed dialysis solution flow path resulting from ultrafiltration the liquid level in the measuring glass 72, with this liquid level rise, as before, over a certain Can be measured over a period of time.

7 to 15 is a holder 110 for a membrane dialyzer or the like. shown, which in the embodiment shown as a winding dialyzer 112 of the specified type

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is clear. However, the invention is also applicable to other types of membrane dialyzers, for example to Winding dialyzers with spun screen surfaces, flat-plate dialyzers with a stack of separate membranes, dialyzers with twisted membranes, and hollow fiber dialyzers or Dialyzers of any geometry, in which the dialysis flow chamber can be closed or separated.

The holder according to the invention comprises a first frame 114, which can be made in one piece from plastic and can have a bottom 116 and two side walls 118.

The first frame 114 also has a tubular flow conduit 120, which includes a first set of side openings, which in the illustrated embodiment consist of three equally spaced holes 122. A second flow line 124 has a closed one Outer end 126 as well as a second side opening unit 128. A head part 130 is attached to the frame 114 with the aid attachable by thumbscrews 132.

A second frame 134 with a bottom or a bottom 136 and side walls 138 is within the walls 118 of the first frame 114 can be used to be displaceable relative to this in the longitudinal direction. The second frame 138 is first shown in the arrangement used, whereupon the headboard I30 attached is to hold the second frame 138 in its inserted position in the first frame.

The second frame 138 is dimensioned as shown in FIG. 7 so that it the membrane dialyzer 112 is able to accommodate. A sliding top 140 includes two spring loaded handles 142, which are used in a manner known per se to actuate two outwardly protruding locking elements 143, which in turn usually in axially along the inner surfaces of the walls

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118 mounted racks 144 engage so that the upper part 140 is held in its normal position, however released by pressing the handles 142 against each other from the relevant rack 144 and then moved up or down to enable the insertion of the dialyzer 112. The dialyzer is then determined by firmly pressing the upper part against the top of the dialyzer, whereupon the locking elements in the relevant Toothed rack 144 are engaged.

The second frame 134 includes a third tubular flow conduit 150, which is normally inserted telescopically or coaxially into the first flow line 120. At the Outside of the conduit 150 are O-rings 152 for manufacture a seal between the two lines is provided.

The third flow line 150 is provided with one or more third lateral bores 154; at the one shown Embodiment three such holes are provided, which are distributed at intervals corresponding to the bores 122. The bore of the third conduit 150 is on one opposite the third lateral bores 154 are closed by a! '.' and 156, above which several, for example four windows 160 are provided so that in a first position a flow through the bores 154 from the outlet 150, around the wall I56 and over the windows I60 into the third line I50 back is possible.

The second frame 134 is also tubular with a fourth Flow line 162 is provided which is telescopic or can be introduced coaxially into the second flow line 124. O-rings 164 provide a seal between the lines 124 and 162.

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Fig. 12 shows the configuration of the holder according to the invention in their first toggle position. At this time, the first side bores 122 are out of alignment with the third side bores 154, which in turn communicate with an enlarged space 166 outside the third conduit 150, so that the dialysis solution flowing through the first line 120 enters the third line 150 can, by going through the bores 154, through the space 166, flows into the windows 160 and up into the inlet 168 of the dialyzer 112, this inlet being coaxial with the third line 160 is arranged in alignment.

The circulated dialysis solution emerges from the outlet 170 of the dialyzer 112 and flows into the fourth line 162 in order to exit at its lower end, briefly flow into the second line 124 and via the bore 128 exit, which, as shown, can be designed so that the used dialysis solution simply in the circulating disposable dialyzer system flows out. For example, if a one-way or single-channel dialyzer is used, then optionally a line to be connected to the bore 128 to the dialysis solution as needed to discard or to To discharge processing from the device.

This is the configuration that is used in normal dialysis procedures is used in which both blood and dialysis solution flow through the dialyzer.

If the ultrafiltration amount or size is to be measured during a certain period of time, the second can Frame 134 can be printed down by hand with the aid of printing plates 170 attached to it, if necessary, to the two To bring the frame into the position shown in FIG. In this second position, the bores 154 communicate with the first side holes 122. As a result, the through that

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first line 120 upwardly conveyed dialysis solution prevented from flowing up into dialyzer 112, rather it becomes recirculation or circulation Derived via the bores 122. If so desired could be connected to the bores 122 lines for returning the dialysis solution to the storage container.

The fourth line 162 is arranged in this second position so that its outer end 172 is sealed in the Annular groove 174 in the end 126 of the second line 124 engages. As a result, the dialysis solution outlet of the dialyzer 112 is closed.

13, an opening or bore 176 extends through the wall 134 to the bore of the fourth conduit 162, a hose line 178 being connected to one end of the bore 176. The possibly carried by brackets 180, . Hose line 178 extends upward to a vertically higher position where it is connected to a measuring glass 182 is connected for measuring the increase in the volume of liquid in the occluded portion of the dialysis solution flow path is provided (see. Fig. 8).

In normal operation, the liquid level is in of the hose line 178 at a height which corresponds approximately to the upper edge of the dialyzer 112, this fluid level compared to this ideally occurring altitude varies under the influence of atmospheric pressure fluctuations, which can occur in the solution flow path of the dialyzer. If the holder shown when continuing ultrafiltration is brought into the position according to FIG. 8, the liquid level in the hose line 178 rises until the liquid passes into the measuring glass 182, whereby the

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increasing determination of the amount of ultrafiltration in the course of dialysis is made possible. For this it is not necessary to use the Turn off the dialysis solution pump, turn off the heating element, or cut off blood flow through the dialyzer.

When the flow of the dialysis solution is to be restarted, the second frame is in an upward direction in the Position according to FIG. 12 returned. This can be done by hand by grasping the top 130 of the first frame and Pressing on the upper part 184 of the second frame takes place in order to move the entire second frame upwards.

The upper part 184 has a slot or an elongated hole 186 which is open at its upper end, into which or into the one downwardly projecting plate 188 carried by the upper part 130 of the first frame is insertable, on which two preferably colored display elements 190 and 192 are provided. A transverse slot 194 connected to the slot 186 is formed in the upper part 184.

The display elements 190, 192 are arranged so that in a first position according to FIGS. 10 and 12, the display element 190 is visible through the slot 194, while in the second position according to FIGS. 8 and 9, the display element 192 can be visible. The display element 190 can with it be provided with the label "Dialysis", while the display element 192 can carry the label "Ultrafiltration". The display elements can be in clearly different colors be held, so that the respective operating mode of the holder according to the invention can be determined at a glance is.

The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for Dialysis process with a high degree of ultrafiltration ("hemofiltration"), where it is essential to use ultrafiltration -

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- 31 closely monitor the quantity or size.

Although particular embodiments of the invention are shown and described above, those skilled in the art will be able to use them various changes and modifications are of course possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

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Claims (29)

Henkel, Kern, Feiler & Hänzel Patentanwälte Möhlstrasse 37 D-8000 Munich 80 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Tei, 089 / 982085-87 Deerfield, 111., V.St.A. Telex: 0529802 hnkld ________________________________ Telegrams: ellipsoid ι Η. Claims 1. Procedure for determining the ultrafiltration rate at a liquid membrane diffusion system in operation with one in a first solution flow path arranged membrane diffusion unit is provided, the is also arranged in a second flow path, the two flow paths within the diffusion unit are separated by a semi-permeable membrane unit and the first flow path next to the membrane diffusion unit is connected to a solution container, which is normally not in an elevated area with Liquid is filled, characterized in that a portion of the first flow path, including the Membrane diffusion unit, is closed, in order to, in addition to the membrane unit, a liquid flow in to prevent this section and out of it, one taking place between the two flow paths Ultrafiltration to a corresponding solution flow between the solution container and the first flow path in an amount corresponding to the ultrafiltration rate of the Membrane diffusion system leads. 2. Method for determining the rate of ultrafiltration in a Dialysis system in the company where a dialysis ORIGINAL [MSFcCTcD Ke / Bl / ro 809842/1052 unit or a dialyzer in a dialysis solution flow path and also in a second flow path for the liquid to be dialyzed is arranged, the two flow paths within the dialysis unit are separated by a semi-permeable membrane unit and the dialysis solution flow path next to the Dialysis unit with a normally not filled with liquid, located higher in the vertical direction Solution container is connected, characterized in that a portion of the dialysis solution flow path, including the dialysis unit, in order to allow a flow of the solution, except via the membrane unit in this section and out of it to prevent while the liquid to be dialyzed over the second Flow path flows, with an ultrafiltration from the second flow path to the dialysis solution flow path to one in the solution stream taking place in an amount corresponding to the ultrafiltration rate of the older Dialysis system leads. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that said portion of the dialysis solution flow path essentially only comprises the flow path within the dialysis unit. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the dialysis system is an I-Iämodialysesystem and that as Liquid is used in the blood flow path. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that it intermittently during a hemodialysis process Periods of not more than about 5 minutes each are carried out. 809842/1062 -D- 6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the ultrafiltration rate by measuring the increase in Liquid volume in the container is determined as a function of time. 7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the mean pressure in the second flow path is greater than the mean pressure in the dialysis solution flow path. 8. Dialysis device, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a flow path in a dialysis solution and also a dialysis unit or dialyzer arranged in a second flow path for the liquid to be dialyzed, the two flow paths in the dialysate being separated by a semipermeable membrane unit an outer opening communicating with the dialysis solution flow path and with a perpendicularly higher one and normally not filled with liquid solution container is connectable to a connection therebetween Produce container and the dialysis solution flow path, by blocking means for alternating opening and closing or blocking a section of the dialysis solution flow path that includes the dialyzer and the outer opening to prevent solution flow in this section and out of it in the shut-off state, except via the membrane unit, by a pump device Conveying liquid via the dialysis solution flow path when it is open and by a pump device for conveying liquid via the second flow path, with an ultrafiltration of the second Flow path to the dialysis solution flow path if the liquid flows via the second flow path and the Dialysis solution flow path is closed, a solution 809842/1052 Flow between the outer opening and the container occurs when using a solution container over the opening is connected to the dialysis solution flow path. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the shut-off means save a part of the dialysis solution flow path and are able to separate, the substantially includes only the flow path within the dialyzer. 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that it is a hemodialysis machine and that the second flow path is for conveying blood through the dialyzer serves. 11. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer opening is pierced by a needle Injection parts is formed and that the container a needle penetrating the injection site in connection with a tubular, ventilated needle with a graduation provided element for receiving and measuring solution from the dialysis solution flow path. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the outer opening is arranged on the top of the dialyzer is. 13. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the means for closing a part of the dialysis solution flow path two slide elements abutting one another to produce a seal, in both slide elements provided openings or bores through which the dialysis solution flow path can run from first slide element carried connecting means for the connection of the openings with sealing 809842/1052 corresponding openings in the dialyzer for the purpose of producing a tight connection of the dialysis solution flow path about the slide elements and the dialyzer as well as the Movable locking means connecting slide elements comprises, wherein the openings or bores of the slide elements are aligned with one another in a first slide position and establish an open dialysis solution flow path across the slide elements and the dialyzer, and wherein the slide elements can be brought into a second position in which their openings do not coincide with one another, in order to close off the dialysis solution flow path and the part of this flow path located inside the dialyzer to separate. 14. Apparatus according to claim 13 »characterized in that the pivotably interconnected slide elements means for sealing the interface between the two EIe- “Ments around their respective holes in the first Have position of these elements. 15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the second slide element means for connection to a dialysis solution supply in a dialysis solution supply device having. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the device for closing or shutting off a part of the dialysis solution flow path a section of this Able to close the flow path that essentially consists only of the flow paths or lines within of the dialyzer. 17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that the communicating with the dialysis solution flow path outer opening is formed by a puncture point that can be pierced by a needle, and that the container has a 809842/1052 Puncture site penetrating needle includes, which is in flow connection with a tubular, ventilated, graduated element for recording and measuring the solution from the mentioned flow path is. 18. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the outer opening is arranged on the top of the dialyzer. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that it is a hemodialysis device and that over the second Blood flow path can be conducted through the dialyzer. 20. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that the associated with the dialysis solution flow path outer opening is arranged next to or on the slide elements and that of the opening a perpendicular tubular line goes off to a point above the dialyzer. 21. Device for supplying dialysis solution to a dialysis unit with means for supplying the dialysis solution in a first flow path to the dialysis unit and with means for the intermittent blocking or closing of this flow path, characterized by intermittently acting Shut-off means in the form of two slide elements that rest against one another to create a seal, through openings or bores which penetrate the two slide elements and a first flow path through form these slide elements therethrough, by means of connection means carried by the first slide element for a tight connection the openings or bores with corresponding openings in a dialysis unit for the purpose of producing a Connection between the first flow path through the slide 809842/1052 ber elements and the dialysis unit to produce a Sealing, by movable locking means for connecting the slide elements so that their respective bores in a first slide position can be aligned with one another to form an open first flow path through the slide elements and to set the dialysis unit therethrough while the slide elements can be brought into a second slide position in which their respective bores are not align with each other, thereby closing the flow path and the one located inside the dialysis unit Separate portion of the first flow path, and by external opening means for establishing a connection between the first flow path and the exterior of the device as well as for connection to a perpendicularly higher one Container, with an ultrafiltration in the first flow path within the dialysis unit causes a flow of solution via the external opening means into the container, if a solution container is in communication with the first flow path via the opening or opening means. 22. Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the pivotably interconnected slide elements means for sealing the interface between the two elements have around their respective bores in the first position of these elements. 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the dialysis unit from a slide valve device for closing part of the dialysis solution flow path, including the dialysis unit, the slide valve device being carried by actuation of the dialysis unit can be opened and closed. 24. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the dialysis unit of a slide valve device to 809842/1052 Occluding a portion of the dialysis solution flow path, including the dialysis unit, is carried, wherein the slide valve device can be opened and closed by actuating the dialysis unit. 25. Holder for a membrane dialyzer with blood inlet and outlet and a dialysis solution inlet and a dialysis solution outlet, characterized by a first frame having a first tubular flow conduit having a first Has side opening, and a second flow line having a closed outer end and a second side opening, supported by one and relative to the first frame to this between a first and a second position axially displaceable second frame with means for Holder of a membrane dialyzer, the second frame a third tubular flow conduit which telescopically or coaxially into the first flow line is inserted and has third side opening means, and a third opening center disposed inward of these Wall closes the bore of the third flow line, a fourth tubular flow line telescopically or is introduced coaxially into the second flow line, the third and fourth flow lines with the Communicate inlet and the outlet of a dialysis unit, the openings are arranged so that the first side opening is closed in a first slide position by the third flow line, while the third opening is arranged so that there is a flow connection Via the third line and the third opening means around the wall closing the bore in a flow path Prepares above the dialysis solution inlet, and the fourth line is spaced so that liquid can flow from the dialysis solution outlet via this fourth line and the second side opening, and wherein the 809842/1062 - y - third opening means in the second slide pitch a flow connection with the first side opening and are otherwise closed to prevent liquid flow in the flow path that can be guided through the dialyzer built into the holder, while the fourth flow path is arranged in this way is that flow is prevented via this flow path and through the second conduit, and through one line connected to the closable section of the dialysis solution flow path, which is perpendicular extends upwards to a vertical height at least in the vicinity of the top of the dialyzer and which has a Liquid volume measuring device is connectable. 26. Holder according to claim 25, characterized in that the first frame carries a downwardly projecting element, which extends into a first slot of a wall part of the second • frame that in this wall part a second Slot is provided over which a portion of said element is visible, and that the insertable into the slot Element has two display members, each in the first and second position of the first and second Frame are visible through the second-mentioned slot. 27. ' Holder according to claim 26, characterized in that the second frame with push or pressure elements to enable a manual relative displacement between the two frames is provided. 28. Holder according to one of claims 25 to 27 for a membrane dialysis unit, the blood inlets and outlets, has a dialysis solution inlet and a dialysis solution outlet, characterized in that a first frame and a second, carried by the first frame and relative to 809842/1062 this frame, which is axially displaceable between a first and a second position, and means for holding it a Hembrandialysators are provided that the first frame in its first position a flow of Allows dialysis solution through the dialysis unit, while in the second position dialysis inlet and outlet of the dialysis unit are closed, and that a device for measuring the increase in volume of the liquid within the closed flow path of the dialysis unit is provided for measuring the ultrafiltration rate, the The second frame also carries a locking element which can be moved and braced in the longitudinal direction and is attached to the top to put on a dialysis element or a dialysis unit arranged in the second frame and to hold it in place able. 29. Holder according to claim 28, characterized in that the locking element is a displaceable upper part, the Has spring-loaded handles and laterally outwardly projecting means displaceable by means of the handles that on second frame rack means are mounted in which the laterally outwardly projecting means can engage, to keep the sliding upper part firmly in contact with the top of the membrane dialysis unit, and that the outwardly projecting means by operating the handles to release the membrane dialysis unit from the rack means are disengageable. 809842/1052