DE2755421A1 - Advancing shield tunnelling machine - has pressure plate each side with guides at front and pressure shoes at sides - Google Patents

Abstract

The advancing shield tunnelling machine with the cutters (10) at the front advanced by hydraulic rams (11) has two anchorage plates (26) mounted behind this section. These are large area curved plates, one each side, matching the curvature of the tunnel lining plates (17) which are attached by the machine. Each plate is pushed outwards against curved shoes (28) top and bottom. At the forward end of the anchorage plates (26) project dumb-bell shaped slide members (27) which travel in slides (24) mounted on the front part (10) of the machine.

Description

Title: Shield tunneling device

The invention relates to a device for driving tunnels, Tunnels or other routes with a jacking shield, which is pressed into Advancing direction can be pre-pressed and by means of at least one torque support in Direction of rotation against the expansion, in particular a segment expansion, supported displaceably is.

It is common to have a jacking machine inside the jacking shield to be arranged, which is designed as a partial or full-face machine and e.g. a having rotating cutting or drilling head. In operation, the reaction torque is of the rotating cutting or drilling head transfer it to the shield, the this gives a tendency to turn. About the rotation of the shield around its longitudinal axis To prevent it, it is known to use the propulsion shield via a so-called torque support in relation to a fixed abutment, but in the direction of advance slidably supported. In a known device of this type is at the end of the shield A large number of rail-like torque supports are distributed over the circumference of the shield en arranged in the profile recesses behind the jacking shield in the tunnel introduced segment lining are guided and supported (US-PS 24 66 709). In this In the case of the segment lining forms the abutment on which the Support the torque brackets and the hydraulic presses of the jacking shield. The profile recesses mentioned, in which the torque brackets are guided, are arranged on the circumferential side of the segments facing the breakout wall. They are from a tail of the propulsion shield opposite the excavation wall covered.

The invention is based on a shield tunneling device in which the torque support against the introduced expansion, preferably one Tubbing expansion, support. Its main task is the support between the jacking shield and expansion with the least possible construction effort and space-saving To train construction so that they introduce the expansion behind the jacking shield not obstructed and can be used even if the propulsion shield does not have a Has shield tail, in which the expansion is introduced.

The torque support should preferably also be designed in this way be that it is possible with her to align the shield with respect to its rotational position or the tendency of the shield to rotate directly resulting from the interference to counteract.

According to the invention, the torque support is on the one hand on an on Jacking shield arranged guide and on the other hand on an inside on the expansion arranged guide in the advancing direction slidably rotatably guided.

The guidance of the propulsion shield is preferably in the form of a link guide formed, while appropriate guide shoes or the like for the leadership on expansion. are used, which are advantageously arranged releasably on the extension, such as that it was removed from the removal behind the torque arm and in the front area of expansion can be grown again.

In this embodiment of the propulsion shield, the Support of the torque arm on the inside of the tunnel or the like. brought in Finished lining, so that arranged on the outer circumference of the segment lining, from profile recesses the tubbings existing guides can be omitted and the torque support can also be used if the shield does not have a shield tail, in which the expansion will be introduced. The propulsion shield and the torque bracket are while maintaining the rotationally locked coupling relative to each other in the direction of advance movable, so that the propulsion shield can be pre-pressed without this Torque support is dragged along. It is recommended to use a sliding device provide with the torque arm in the advancing direction and / or in the opposite direction is movable. A hydraulic thrust piston gear can be used for the displacement device can be used, which can be supported on the expansion.

With the help of the sliding device, the torque arm can be follow the leading shield. At the same time there is the possibility the back of the torque support from the guidance of the propulsion shield so far to drive out that the expansion without hindrance behind the tunneling shield the torque support can be inserted e.g. by means of a segment rectifier.

To align the shield in its rotational position or give it a Controlled rotary movement around its axis can be given on the propulsion shield arranged iMhrung and / or the touch of the Torque arm be designed so that it is in an inclined position to the shield axis can bring. This makes it possible to carry out control and alignment movements in a simple manner to be carried out via the torque arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the part led to the expansion consists of Torque support from a plate designed as a cylinder segment, the radius of curvature corresponds roughly to that of the interior expansion contour. The relatively flat plate can be carried out close to the inner wall of the extension introduced, whereby overall results in a space-saving arrangement. Preferably the plate carries on its front edge a narrow guide bar, which is in a link guide of the propulsion shield is led. The guide bar expediently has a widened sliding head, which can be provided with spherical sliding surfaces. Said plate has, in the circumferential direction seen, expediently a width that is considerably greater than the circumferential length of a individual segment segments. The length of the plate is at least approximately equal to that double or triple the width of a tibbing ring. This dimensioning of the plate allows the reaction torque to be applied to several at the same time via the torque arm Hint.reinanderstestand TUbbingringen or the like.

put down, whereby a load distribution on the expansion can be achieved. In general, it is sufficient if only two torque arms are diametrically opposite one another be provided between the jacking shield and the expansion. There is also the Possibility to fix the torque support on the jacking shield or to arrange it in such a way that it can be determined on this if necessary.

In this case, the torque support is from the propulsion shield dragged along.

The torque support according to the invention can be with special Use the advantage in connection with a segment lining whose segments are made of hollow steel profiles exist and are preferably designed so that they pour concrete permit. The tubbing extension not only serves as an abutment for the torque arms, but at the same time as an abutment for the presses pushing the shield. To prevent the segments from being subjected to the extraordinarily high press forces deformed and damaged, it is appropriate to put the press forces there into the Initiate segments where they are stiffened by internal webs in the direction of force are. In particular, it is recommended that the press forces at the joints between to set off adjacent segment segments. To achieve this, the arrangement is made expediently made so that the presses over press shoes against the TUbbingausbau support, preferably two adjacent presses a common Press shoe is assigned. Between the press shoes and the set tubbing extension Advantageously, contact pieces or the like are switched on, which extend in the circumferential direction let move, in such a way that even with relative rotational movements of the propulsion shield Compared to the segment lining, the press forces are at least approximated be deposited at the undesired point on the segmental lining.

The drawing shows a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention shown. It shows: FIG. 1 a shield driving device according to the invention in FIG Longitudinal section; FIG. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of FIG. 1; Fig. 3 shows a detail of the torque support according to the invention in plan view; Fig. 4 shows the support according to the invention of the presses against the segment lining in a partial view.

The cylindrical propulsion shield 10 shown in the drawing is arranged by means of hydraulic presses 11, which are distributed over the circumference of the shield are pre-pressed in advance direction V. Inside the propulsion shield 10 is a tunneling machine 12 designed as a full-face machine along with the drive is relocated, which has a rotatable cutting or drilling head 13 which supports the working face 14 Over the entire cross-sectional area of the tunnel to be driven or the like. Cuts. Of the The debris is transported away by means of a conveyor 15. The cutting head 13 is by means of hydraulic feed cylinder 16 opposite the propulsion shield 10 in Advance direction of advance.

Behind the propulsion shield 10 is od in the tunnel.

introduced a TUbbingausbau 17, which in a known manner from individual There is segment rings, which in turn are composed of segment segments are. In the preferred exemplary embodiment shown, there is a rigid tubbing extension provided, its segments consisting of StaWl hollow profiles, as shown at 18, can be poured with concrete. The segment lining is introduced in a known manner Way by means of a ring rectifier 19, which is pivotable about the tunnel axis and one in the radial direction movable gripper 20 or the like. For receiving the respective having segments 21 to be installed. As soon as a new segment ring behind the tunneling shield 10 has been introduced, the interior of the tubbings can be filled with the concrete 18 be, whereby the fixed connection of the segment ring against the surrounding soil or mountains is produced.

It goes without saying that the tubbing segments of each tubbing ring as well the segment rings are screwed together, as is known.

A trailer 22 is arranged behind the propulsion blade 10, which runs on rails 23 which are attached to the segment lining. The trailer 22 carries a segment conveyor 24 known per se, via which the individual rlMbing segments 21 are fed to the erector 19 in the ridge area. Between the segment conveyor 24 and the erector 19, as is known, a transfer carriage 25 is arranged. Of the Tübbingerector 19 can on the trailing he 22 or at the rear end of the Propulsion shield 10 be relocated.

Since the moment of reaction of the rotating cutting head 13 on the propulsion shield is deposited, this has the tendency to rotate around its shield axis. Around to counteract this tendency to rotate is the propulsion shield 10 via a torque support supported against the introduced tubbing lining 17 in the direction of rotation. To this The purpose is between the jacking shield 10 and the segment lining 17 that has been introduced about halfway up the shield, two diametrically opposed torque arms provided, each of a thick-walled and large-area plate 26 and a Fastened at its front end, comparatively narrow guide bars 27 exist. As Fig. 2 shows, the plates 26 are designed in the manner of a cylinder segment, whose radius of curvature corresponds approximately to that of the tubbing inner contour, so that the two segment plates tightly against the inner wall of the segment lining place. The two plates 26 are on the installed segment lining 17 rotatably supported and slidably guided in the propulsion position. this takes place with the help of guide shoes 28, which on the two opposite horizontal longitudinal edges of the plates 26 are arranged. The length of the plates 26 is dimensioned according to FIG. 1 so that these four to five tubbing rings of the introduced Cover segment lining. The width of the plates 26 in the circumferential direction is how Fig. 2 shows so dimensioned that they approximate the circumferential length of two Adjacent segment segments 17 'of the segment rings extend. The plates 26 are on their upper and lower sides by several, here two guide shoes 28 guided.

On the rear round of each plate 26, a hydraulic one engages Schukolben gear 29 articulated, which is supported against an abutment 30, which is detachably attached to a segment ring 17 on the inside. With the help of the thrust piston gear 29 can be the plates 26 of the torque brackets in the propulsion direction V and move in the opposite direction.

As FIG. 1 shows, the propulsion shield 10 has in the rear area a link guide 31 on its inner wall for each torque support, in which the guide bar 27 leads. The guide bars 27 are in the link guides 31 rotatably supported so that the reaction torque over the link guides and the torque brackets are transferred to the segment lining. The guide bars 27 are widened with one guided in the link guide 31 Sliding head 32 provided, which has spherical sliding surfaces 33 which are located between the Guide strips 34 guide the link guide 31.

The presses 11 pushing forward the propulsion shield 10 are supported over one another Press shoes 35 against the segment ring 17 introduced last. kit help the Presses 11 distributed over the circumference of the shield thus become the shield in the direction of advance V vorgepreUt, the guide bars 27 of the torque brackets while maintaining of the rotationally locked connection slide in the link guides 31. Is the propulsion shield 10 so far ahead that a new tubbing ring can be inserted behind it can, the existing from the plates 26 and the guide beam 27 torque supports with the help of the thrust piston gear 29 moved back against the direction of arrow V so far, that the Tübbingerektor 19 without hindrance by the torque brackets around the The shield axis is pivoted and accordingly the new segment can be set. It It goes without saying that when the segment ring is set, the presses 11 with their stem pole shoes 35 have moved back into the shield. After lining a new segment ring the torque supports are driven with the help of the hydraulic thrust pistons 29 advanced again in the direction of arrow V, the guide bars 27 with their Sliding heads 32 run into the link guides 31 and thus the rotationally locking Reconnect. When pre-pressing the jacking shield 10, the Torque arms tracked by the thrust piston gear 29 so that the rotationally locked Connection is maintained. The guide shoes 28 are detachable on the segment rings attached so that they are each expanded in the rear area and in the front, near the shield 3 area can be reconnected to the segment lining. Accordingly the detachable abutment 30 of the thrust piston gear 29 in the course of the advance in the direction of the arrow V implemented in stages.

With the help of the torque support described, it is possible, to keep the jacking shield 10 true to the track of the tubbing lining. At the same time results the possibility of aligning the propulsion shield in its rotational position or else the tendency of the shield to rotate over the Counteract torque support, so that the shield retains its target position. At the same time, control movements are also possible, which can be achieved in that either the link guide 31 of the propulsion shield 10 and / or the leadership of the Torque supports on the guide shoes 28 of the rlMbbing also in a predetermined Inclined position is brought to the shield axis. As Fig. 3 shows, can on the link guides 31 e.g. wedge pieces 37 are attached, whose with the sliding head 32 of the guide beam 27 interacting guide surfaces are inclined at an acute angle to the shield axis, see above that an inclined guide is formed for the torque arms, which the propulsion shield give a predetermined rotational movement due to the grooving effect during pre-pressing. The same can be achieved in that the two link guides 51 as a whole relative to the propulsion shield are adjusted so that their parallel guide strips 34 are inclined at the acute angle to the shield axis. It would also be possible to form the guide shoes 28 or to arrange them so that they have an inclined guide form for the plate parts 26 of the torque arms.

The lining of the segments also takes the reaction forces of the presses 11 of the propulsion shield 10. To deformations of the steel hollow sections To avoid tubbing, it is advisable to apply the press forces at those points to be introduced into the segment rings on which the segments pass through in the direction of force standing inner webs 36 or the like. are stiffened. Preferably the reaction forces at the joints between two adjacent tubbing segments 17 ', which, as shown in FIG. 4, here have the webs 36 on the inside, on which the tubbing segments are screwed together.

Between the stamp shoes 35, which are attacked by two presses 11, and the segment ring is each a plate-shaped Aiilagestück 38 in the direction of the arrow, i.e. arranged displaceably in the circumferential direction. With a relative rotation between Jacking shield 10 and segment lining 17, which is particularly important when driving through curves may be the case, there would be a risk, without the involvement of the system pieces 38, that the punch shoes 35 on the flange 39 of a single tubbing segment 17 ', which leads to undesired bending deformations of the not yet with Concrete poured tubbing segment could come. To avoid that, be in the event of any relative rotation between the jacking shield and the segmental lining the contact pieces 38 in the circumferential direction so compared to the stamp shoes 35 and the Tübbingring offset that in each case the reaction forces of the presses 11 in the area the joints between two adjacent tubbing segments 1 / '. the segment ring be dropped off; be discontinued; be deducted; be dismissed.

Claims (20)

Title: Shield tunneling device A fl 5 p r ü c h e: 1st device for driving tunnels, galleries or other routes with a driving shield, which can be pre-pressed by means of pressing in the advance direction and by means of at least one Torque support in the direction of rotation against the expansion, in particular a segmental expansion, is slidably supported, that is, that the Torque support (26, 27) on the one hand on one on the propulsion shield (10) Guide (31) and on the other hand on an inside on the extension (17) arranged th Guide (28) is guided in the advancing direction (V) displaceably rotationally locked. 2. Device according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c It should be noted that the guide (31) arranged on the propulsion shield (10) acts as a guide is trained. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h e t that the guide arranged on the extension (17) consists of guide shoes (28) or the like. consists. 4. Linrichtunu according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the guide thrust (26) are detachably arranged on the extension (1t, 7). 50 linear orientation according to one of claims 1 to 4, d a -ci u r c h It should be noted that a displacement device (29) is provided, with which the torque support (26, 27) in the advance direction and / or in the opposite direction is movable. 6. A device according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the displacement device (29) consists of at least one thrust piston gear consists. 7. Device according to claim 5 or 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the displacement device (29) or the thrust piston gear is supported on the expansion (17). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, d a -d u r c h g It is not noted that the part of the torque support that is guided on the extension (17) consists of a plate (26) designed as a cylinder segment, the radius of curvature of which corresponds roughly to that of the expansion inner contour. 9. Device according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the plate (26) has a narrow guide bar at its front end (27) which is guided in the link guide (31) of the propulsion shield (10). 10. Device according to claim 9, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the guide bar (27) is guided in the Kulissenülirung (31) Has widened sliding head (32) which is provided with spherical sliding surfaces (33) is. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, d a -d u r c h it is not noted that the torque support or its guide bar (27) can be withdrawn from the rear of the guide (31) of the propulsion shield (io). 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, d a -d u r c h g e k e n n æ e i c h n e t that the guide (31) of the propulsion shield (10) and / or the guide (28) of the torque support arranged on the extension (17) in an inclined position is set or adjustable to the blade axis. 13. Device according to one of claims 8 to 12, d a -du r c h g e k e n n n e i c h n e t that the plate (26), seen in the circumferential direction, a Has width which is considerably greater than the circumferential length of a single tubing segment (17 '). 14. Device according to one of claims 8 to 13, d a -d u r c h it is noted that the length of the plate (26) is at least approximately the same is twice or three times the width of a segment ring. 150 Device according to one of Claims 1 to 14, d a -d u r c h it is noted that two torque arms (26, 27) are diametrically opposed to one another arranged opposite between the propulsion shield (10) and the extension (17) are. 16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, d a -d u r c h it is not noted that the torque support (26, 27) cm propulsion shield (10) is set or can be set in the direction of displacement. 1{. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 15, d a -d u r c h it is not noted that the presses (11) are counteracted by means of press shoes (35) the lubbing support (17) are supported. 18. Device according to claim 17, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that every two adjacent presses (11) have a common press shoe (35) is assigned. 19. Device according to claim 17 or 18, d a d u r c h g e k e n It is not indicated that between the press shoes (35) and the segment lining (17) In the circumferential direction displaceable contact pieces (38) are arranged. 20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, d a -d u r c h It is not noted that the segments are made of hollow steel profiles that can be filled with concrete exist.