DE2746146C2 - Multi-layer, textile upholstery material web - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multilayer, textile upholstery material web, those made up of a woven or knitted textile layer and a stabilizing layer connected to it and which has improved properties in terms of dimensional stability, breathability and has seam strength

It is known to solidify and stabilize textile webs by applying a latex backing. Though the latex layer brings the desired stability, but it has the loss of atmospheric activity and the Washability in hot water as a result. They also cause the textile web to lose its suppleness and is difficult to cut and sew. When using such textile webs as cushioning material disadvantageously noticeable that the latex layer compared to the adjacent padding is not slippery.

From DE-OS 20 09 904 a method for producing air-permeable laminates is now known, in which a non-woven web of material is bound to an oriented thermoplastic film web. Finally, from US-PS 33 66 529 three-layer laminates are known in which a fiber fleece with a thermoplastic film and a fabric substrate is bonded and needled. But also these two well-known products meet in terms of grip and breathability as well as good binding strength between the individual layers does not meet the requirements.

The invention is based on the object of a multi-layer, To create textile upholstery material web that the known upholstery material compared to the aforementioned Does not have power, d. H. especially when maintaining the desired stability properties is breathable, has favorable sliding properties and can be processed easily and efficiently.

This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. A further development of the Invention is the subject of the dependent claim.

Any woven, knitted or tufted textile web can be incorporated into the multilayer, textile upholstery material web according to the invention. Particularly suitable materials for the textile web are cotton, linen, wool, silk, jute or polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, rayon and acrylic. The invention is particularly advantageous for stabilizing loosely woven fabrics. "Loosely woven fabric" is used here to designate a textile fabric with a seam slip value of less than 6.8 kg, measured according to the ASTM D 434-75 method in the warp and weft direction kg in both directions.
A thermoplastic network is advantageously used as the starting material for the thermoplastic binding agent points present in the finished cushioning material web according to the invention. Typical thermoplastic materials that make up such a network are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, amorphous polyamides, thermoplastic polymethanes, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-acrylamide copolymers, polyvinylidene chloride and its copolymers, and acrylic polymers and copolymers, depending on the textile to be stabilized one or the other thermoplastic material is more suitable. For example, if you want to stabilize polypropylene webs, then it is desirable that the thermoplastic mesh web has a softening point below 130 ° C Have a softening point of up to 200 ° C. However, it is preferable to use thermoplastic mesh webs whose softening point is lower. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the thermoplastic mesh web has a weight per unit area of at least about 10 g / m ² in order to achieve the desired adhesive properties.
The invention is explained in detail in the drawing

F i g. 1 shows a cross section through a portion of a padding material web designed according to the invention in a schematic representation, and
2A to 2C representations of the successive stages during the production of a cushioning material tooth designed according to the invention.

The thermoplastic networks that find use herein can in various ways be produced, for example, casting, superposing of the yarns, weaving, fusing and the yarns at the crossing points. The like. Usually, should the thermoplastic nets about 300 apertures / cm ^2, preferably between 25 and 230 openings / cm ² .
If the network is needled with staple fibers, then the staple fibers should preferably have a thickness of 1 to 22 dtex and a length of about 1.2 to 15 cm. The best results are achieved when about 10 to 68 g / m 'of staple fibers are placed on the network as a tangled fleece and then needled ^{with a needle density of more than about 4 needles / cm 2.} If desired, filaments instead of staple fibers can also be needled with a mesh web in order to obtain the desired multilayer structure. Typical staple fibers which can be used here consist of rayon, polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, cotton, wool, silk, polypropylene and those aeryl fibers whose shrinkage temperature is above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic network. The continuous filaments are those made of nylon, polyester and polypropylene.

If the thermoplastic mesh web is not needled with fibers, but in a combination with a separate web of staple or continuous fibers, both

for example in melt-spun fleece, then this separate web should preferably have a basis weight of 13.7 to 68 g / m ² . Typical fibers that can be used to make such webs have already been described above.

F i g. 1 shows a multi-layer textile web constructed in the manner according to the invention in a greatly enlarged Representation in section This textile web consists of a woven textile layer 71 with warp thread 72 and Filler threads 73. A stabilization layer made of staple fibers or continuous threads is denoted by 74. The layer 71 is connected to layer 74 by a thermoplastic network which, when melted, forms small dots 76 forms, which are essentially completely in the stabilization layer 74 and partially penetrate into the upper textile layer 71.

If a thermoplastic mesh is used to join the multilayer padding material, then tear the threads between the crossing point when melting, so that only a few Points or drops of connection maieria! remain, surrounded by open spaces are. When melted, the thermoplastic mesh material results in areas of material with open spaces. With all of these connecting materials, the fibers of the stabilization layer located at the material-free areas remain free and unglued, while they are in the other places with each other and with the other Textile web are glued. The multi-layer textile web is therefore highly breathable and remains soft and pliable, but on the other hand has the desired strength properties.

It is necessary for the connecting material 76 to penetrate as completely as possible into the stabilization layer so that the desired dimensional stability of the finished textile web is guaranteed and the fibers of the Stabilization position are held together. On the other hand, the connecting material 76 may be the upper textile layer not penetrate completely, otherwise the pleasant Griii would be destroyed.

Properties similar to those in FIG. 1 shown, a woven raw material! exhibiting textile also have those in which the raw material web is knitted or tufted.

F i g. 2A shows an upper textile layer 81, a connecting material layer 83 and a stabilizing material layer 82 below it in its as yet unprocessed State. Fig. 2B shows the three layers 81, 82 and 83, after they have been connected to each other by needling. It can be seen that individual fibers 84 from the upper layer 81 through the connecting layer 83 into the lower layer 82 and needled through it are. F i g. Figure 2C shows the three layers after they have been subjected to the heat and pressure treatment. The connections between the individual protruding points of the connecting material layer 83 are torn, and there are freestanding drops of connector material 86 left, which completely into the Stabilization layer 82 and partially penetrated into the upper textile layer 81 and the two layers together connect firmly.

For flame-retardant, stabilized poister material webs, flame-retardant fibers such as modacrylic fibers, fibers known under the brand name NOMEX or other flame retardant or flame retardant Use fibers. Likewise, aluminum foil can be incorporated into the padding material web.

Stabilized padding material webs according to the invention have the following properties: Good Dimensional stability improved seam fatigue strength and improved seam slippage (the seam fatigue strength the seam slippage is determined in a dynamic test of the seam strength in one static test of seam strength), breathability, soft grip and high tensile strength In addition, you get better coverage because of the pressure when connecting the layers, the individual yarn bundles spread apart without affecting the surface texture is adversely affected. The upholstery material webs according to the invention have good waxability properties, its structure is not destroyed or impaired by hot water as it is with Due to its good washability properties, latex coatings are also the case in hot water can be the Pelstermaterial webs according to the invention color without difficulty. In the case of textile webs coated with latex, dyeing is very difficult because the Latex coating is often destroyed in the dye bath and separates from the fabric. Furthermore, the Upholstery material webs can be processed very well, they can be cut and sewn more easily than latex-laminated ones Textile fabrics. This is because a latex liner is usually uneven in structure and has very poor properties Slip properties on. For this reason it is very difficult to pass a textile web coated with latex to run a sewing machine. When processing latex-coated textile webs, latex material often remains hang on the sewing needle, which must therefore be cleaned frequently. Also are according to the invention Textile webs much lighter than normal latex-laminated textile webs. The difference makes about 20 to 50% off, which is also reflected in the transport costs. Energy and water consumption in the production are much less than in the production of latex-laminated textile webs, what is also of particular advantage.

Some examples of padding material webs according to the invention are to be described below.

example 1

A jacquard upholstery fabric made of polypropylene threads is connected to a high-density polyethylene net, which is needled with a thin layer of polypropylene staple fibers.
The loosely woven textile web had 34 warp threads per

so cm made of continuous fiber yarn of 288 dtex and 6 weft threads per cm made of fluffy continuous polypropylene yarn of 2880 dtex. This web originally showed a seam slip of 2.5 kg; in the lengthwise (warp) direction and 3 kg in the transverse direction, measured according to the ASTM D 434-75 method. This textile web was aligned so that the filling threads ·. perpendicular to the machine direction (longitudinal direction) and was held under transverse tension. E> n high density polyethylene net with a weight ^{per unit area of 27.4 g / m 2} and 20 knobs per cm ² of 0.3 mm diameter, which is covered with a thin layer (34 g / m ² ) of staple fibers of 3.8 cm in length and 33 dtex has been needled with 118 needles per cm, is placed on top of the textile web. This multi-ply web is passed around a 40.6 cm diameter roller heated to 143 ° C. The needled thermoplastic mesh web lies on the roller side, but is separated from the roller by a glass fiber film. A cloth on the outside of the

The multi-layer web presses it against the hot roller at 0.07 bar and maintains the tension. The contact time on the roller is 30 seconds. The laminate then runs through the gap between a heated roller and one of these opposing cooling rolls, welehe exerts a pressure of 48 N linear cm. The laminate wraps around the chill roller halfway before the Tension on her is lifted. The multi-layer textile web produced in this way has a seam slip value of 31.5 kg lengthways and 19.8 kg crossways on, is soft and has a smooth back.

Example 2

In this example, the same procedure is followed as in Example 1, but using of an oriented, foamed thermoplastic polyurethane mesh with polypropylene staple fibers is needled.

The textile used in Example 1 is unwound and stretched as in Example 1. An oriented, foamed thermoplastic polyurethane net with a basis weight of 30.8 g / m ² , which is needled with a thin material web of polypropylene staple fibers, is placed from above onto the textile web. The thin staple fiber layer has a basis weight of 34.2 g / m ² and consists of 3.8 cm long staple fibers of 33 dtex, needling with 118 needles / cm. The superimposed layers are guided at a looping angle of 180 ° around a heated to 146 ⁰ C by the heat roller 203cm diameter, which is provided at its peripheral surface with needles or pins, which penetrate the fabric and maintain its voltage. The dwell time on the roller is 63 seconds, after which the superimposed layers pass through a gap between the heating roller and a water-cooled TTÜlZc Von £ \ Jyj CfTi l ^ UrCniTicSScr, uic ϊϊΐϊΐ ciilcr pO-lated silicone rubber layer with a Shore A hardness of 55 The pressure in the gap is 198 N linear cm. The textile material produced in this way has a seam slip value of 29.2 kg in the longitudinal direction and 22.5 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 3

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The textile material can also be found here again! of example 1 usage. The thermoplastic material consists of a high density polyethylene mesh. A material made of tangled layers is used as a stabilization sheet Polypropylene staple fibers used. For the rest, the method according to Example 1 is used again.

The high-density polyethylene net is modified here by a random fiber layer made of polypropylene staple fibers 33 cm in length and 3 denier, soft has a basis weight of about 17.1 g / m ² and is placed on it when the fabric web and the net are approach the heating roller. The staple fiber layer, supported in this way by the net, comes into contact with the heating roller. The finished textile material has a seam slip value of about 16.6 kg in the longitudinal direction and of about 153 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 4

This example relates to a loosely woven upholstery fabric using a high density polyethylene mesh and a tangled nonwoven fabric made from rayon staple fibers. A loosely woven upholstery fabric of 342 g / m ² surface weight and 3 threads / cm each in the longitudinal and transverse directions made of bulky polypropylene continuous thread of 2880 dtex and an initial seam slip value in both directions of less than 4.5 kg is made with the help of an oriented polyethylene -Net stabilized, which has a basis weight of about 27.3 g / m ² , has about 162 knobs / cm ² and is about 0.1 mm thick. The method according to Example 2 is used with the exception that a random-fiber fleece made of staple fibers with a weight per unit area of ^{about 34 g / m 2 is placed on the polyethylene net.} During the contact with the heating roller and the subsequent pressure treatment, the mesh material melts and penetrates both the upholstery fabric and the rayon layer and binds the two layers together, which improves the bulk, the feel and the softness of the fabric as well as its dimensional stability will. The seam slip value is about 16.6 kg in length and about 22.5 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 5

In this example the upholstery sheet of Example 4 is again used, with an oriented polyethylene mesh high density and a layer of polyester filament is used.

The polyester fabric, the thermoplastic net and the method according to Example 4 are used with the exception that a polyester fleece made of continuous fibers with a basis weight of about 20.5 g / m ^{2 is used} instead of the rayon staple fiber fleece. The finished material has significantly increased dimensional stability, improved bulkiness, greater softness and resistance compared to the untreated material. Its seam strength is about 21 kg in the longitudinal direction and 19 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 6

This example also relates again to a fabric for upholstery purposes according to Example 4 using an oriented high-density polypropylene net and a non-woven fabric made of continuous fibers, here made of nylon exist.

The method according to Example 4 is used again, the nylon fleece has a weight per unit area of about 20.5 g / m ² . The seam slip value that is achieved here is approximately 193 kg in the longitudinal direction and approximately 21.6 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 7

This example relates to a knitted fabric made from spun polyester yarns using a combination of spun bonded continuous nylon fibers and an oriented high density polyethylene mesh. The knitted fabric has a basis weight of 360 g / m ² and an elastic recovery of less than 75% in 5 minutes after stretching. The high density polyethylene net has a basis weight of 24 g / m ² with 141 protrusions / cm ² and 0.1 mm thick. The spun-bonded nylon fleece has a basis weight of 13.7 g / m ² .

The stabilized knitted fabric obtained has a considerably better dimensional stability. The elastic recovery after 5 minutes is more than 85% after a 15% elongation.

Example 8

This example concerns the stabilization of a textile fabric by an alternative method of needling of the textile fabric with a thermoplastic net and a stabilization layer to which the application is attached of heat and pressure connects to the loosely needled fibers of the fabric and the stabilization layer in to bring about a permanent structure.

A woven fabric made of nylon yarn with 4.3 threads / cm in the warp direction and 3.5 threads in the weft direction and a basis weight of 376 g / m ² wi'-d with a sheet of thermoplastic mesh material and a stabilizing sheet of spun-bonded nylon brought together. This multi-layer web is needled together to form a unit. The mesh panel and the stabilization panel lie on the back of the fabric and the needles penetrate from the front through the fabric to behind the back of the bottom layer and connect the three panels by means of the needled threads. A needling density of about 39 / cm ² and an immersion depth of 1.4 cm are used. The thermoplastic network consists of polyethylene and has a high density and a weight per unit area of about 27.3 g / m ² . It has protrusions 03 mm in diameter with a density of about 20 / cm ² . The stabilization layer has a weight per unit area of about 13.7 g / m ² and consists of spun-bonded nylon.

After needling, the unit produced in this way is thermally treated under pressure. Here is the fabric which passes through the stretching device, already provided with the intermediate layer and the stabilizing layer. After heating, pressing and cooling, the end product has a seam slip value of approximately 13.5 kg lengthways and about 14.4 kg crossways on.

In all of the examples explained, the connection material made of thermoplastic material is always complete penetrated into the stabilization layer and only partially into the upper cover layer.

1 sheet of drawings

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Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Multi-layer, textile upholstery material web, consisting from a woven or knitted textile layer and a stabilizing layer connected to this, characterized in that the stabilization layer (74, 82) consists of a fiber fleece consists, which is punctiform by means of thermoplastic arranged in a regular pattern Binder points (76, 86) solidified and connected to the textile layer (71, 81) in such a way that the binder points (76, 86) have partially penetrated into the textile layer (71, 81), and that the fiber fleece is additionally connected to the textile layer (71, 81) by needling 2. Multi-layer, textile upholstery material web according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber fleece consists of continuous filaments or is a spun-bonded fleece