DE2746146A1 - MULTI-LAYER TEXTILE SHEET, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD - Google Patents

Description

Multi-layer textile web, method too

their manufacture and device

to carry out the procedure

The invention relates to a multi-layer textile web with improved properties in terms of dimensional stability, Breathability and seam strength as well as on one Process for their production and a device for carrying out the process.

It is known to solidify (stabilize) textile webs by applying a latex backing. Although it brings Latex layer has the desired stability, but it loses breathability and washability in hot water. The textile web also loses its suppleness as a result and is difficult to close cut and sew. If you use such textile sheets for upholstery purposes, then you often need them special slippery pads, because the rough surface of the latex layer sticks to the padding.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a multilayer, stabilized textile web which has such disadvantages does not have, i.e. breathable while maintaining the desired stabilizing properties is, has favorable sliding properties and can be processed easily.

This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. Developments of the invention, a Method for producing the textile web according to the invention with developments of the same and a device for Implementation of the method with further developments thereof are the subject of the subclaims.

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Any woven or knitted fabric can be used in the manner according to the invention or tufted textile web. In particular, cotton, linen, wool, silk and jute are used as materials or polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, rayon and acrylic for the textile web into consideration. The invention is special advantageous for stabilizing loosely woven fabrics. With "loosely woven fabric" a textile is named here, whose seam slip value is less than 15 pounds as measured by the ASTM D 434-75 method in the warp and weft directions. Stabilization gives such substances a Seam slip value of at least 25 pounds in either direction.

Virtually any thermoplastic can be used for the thermoplastic net or film web within the scope of the invention Use material. It is important, however, that the finished textile web retain its breathability. the thermoplastic layer must therefore be provided with perforations or openings. A thermoplastic mesh best satisfies this requirement. A thermoplastic film can only be used if it is perforated or when it is needled onto a web of staple or continuous fibers, or onto the textile web, or both Lanes is needled. The needling ensures the desired air permeability. As typical thermoplastic Materials come from polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, amorphous polyamides, thermoplastic polyurethanes, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, polyvinylidene chloride and its copolymers, and acrylic polymers and copolymers into consideration. Depending on the textile to be stabilized, one or the other thermoplastic material is more suitable. For example, if you want to stabilize polypropylene webs, it is desirable that the thermoplastic Net or film web has a softening point below 130 ° C. With other fabrics, such as those made of cotton, wool, silk, linen, polyester, polyamide,

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Rayon or acrylic, the thermoplastic mesh or film web can have a softening point of up to 200.degree. It is however, it is preferable to use such thermoplastic net or film webs whose softening point is lower lies. It is also advantageous if the thermoplastic

2 mesh web a basis weight of at least about 10 g / m 2 or the film web has a thickness of at least 0.025 mm in order to achieve the desired adhesive properties.

Typical embodiments of net webs which can be used in the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 12. Im individual shows:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an open, web-shaped network structure in a greatly enlarged Scale made up of interwoven, spaced-apart parallels Threads of circular cross-section (Fig. 2);

3 shows a plan view of an open, web-like network structure made up of parallel threads from FIG rectangular cross-section (Fig. 4) which intersect at right angles;

5 shows a further network in which the threads of rectangular cross section are all in one plane lie (Fig. 6);

7 shows a plan view of an open network, in which, at the intersections, in addition There are knobs (Fig. 8);

9 shows a plan view of a further open network with protruding knobs at the crossing points (Fig. 10);

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11 shows an open network which consists essentially of a film which is uniformly has large and regularly spaced circular holes (cross section Fig. 12);

13 shows a schematic representation of the procedure in the production of a textile web according to the invention, at the same time also the basic one Representing the structure of a device according to the invention for performing the method;

14 shows another device, which operates in an alternative procedure, for producing a textile web according to the invention;

15 shows a further alternative of the device and procedure;

16 shows, in an enlarged illustration, a cross section through a textile web according to the invention;

17A to 17C different process stages in the production of a textile web according to the invention, and

Figures 18A to 18C show various stages in the manufacturing process another textile web according to the invention.

Those skilled in the art will see from the drawings that a variety of other network configurations can be used to implement the Invention are usable. The thermoplastic networks that are used here can be used in a wide variety of ways be made, for example, casting, laying the threads on top of each other, weaving, fusing the threads at the crossing points, punching holes in film webs and the like.

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Usually the thermoplastic nets should have about 300 openings / cm, but preferably between 25 and

2
230 openings / cm.

If the network or film is needled with staple fibers, then the staple fibers should preferably be one 1 to 20 denier in thickness and approximately 1.2 to 15 cm in length. The best results are achieved

2
if about 10 to 68 g / m of staple fibers are placed on the network or the film as a tangled fleece and then

2 with a needle density of more than about 4 needles / cm needled. If desired, continuous fibers can also be used instead of staple fibers with a mesh or Film web can be needled to get the desired multilayer structure. Typical staple fibers that are here Can be used are made of rayon, polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, cotton, wool, silk, Polypropylene and those acrylic fibers whose shrinkage temperature is above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic network. As continuous fibers, those made of nylon, polyester and polypropylene come into consideration.

When the thermoplastic netting or film web is not needled with fibers, but in a combination with a separate web of staple or continuous fibers, for example in melt-spun fleece, is used then this separate web should preferably be one

2 have a basis weight of 13.7 to 68 g / m 2. Typical Fibers that can be used to make such webs have already been described above.

The production of a multilayer textile web according to the invention takes place in such a way that a fabric web is fed under tension to a station at which

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the connection with the thermoplastic web takes place. The thermoplastic mesh or the needled film is on heated to its melting temperature. Then the fabric sheet, the melted thermoplastic material and the stabilizing web of staple or continuous fibers or the fibers needled into the thermoplastic web Pressure interconnected, the pressure being high enough that the melted thermoplastic material can completely penetrate into the fibers of the stabilizing fiber layer or the needled fibers and partially into the fabric web can penetrate. The multilayer web produced is then cooled, so that the thermoplastic Material can solidify again.

In order to carry out this process continuously, the textile fabric web is passed through a conventional stretching device. It can be moved forward under tension, whereby it can also be tensioned in the transverse direction, before it is heated. The heating of the textile web is done for the purpose that the thermoplastic mesh or Film web does not resolidify immediately upon first contact with the textile web. You can use the fabric panel to do this, simply let it run under a heating device or you pass it and the network or the needled film together or separately over heated rollers. It is beneficial if the heated rollers have a fluoropolymer layer Or the like. Have, so that the thermoplastic material does not stick to them. When the fabric panel is kept under tension during heating, then the heated roller can be attached to its periphery with needles be provided that engage in the fabric and keep it under tension even after leaving the tensioning device keep. Alternatively, belts on the circumference of the heat roller can serve the same purpose. Another possibility consists in countering the textile web with the help of a cloth

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to keep the roller in tension. Further possibilities arise for the person skilled in the art from his specialist knowledge.

The fabric web, the melted net or film web and the stabilizing web made of staple or continuous fibers or the fibers needled into the net or the film web are connected to one another under such high pressure that the melted thermoplastic material almost completely into the fibers of the stabilization sheet and partly into the Textile web penetrates. Various methods are available for this. The easiest way is if you the pressure is applied with the help of a pressure roller, which the superimposed webs on the heated roller pushes on. If desired, the pressure roller can be cooled, for example with water. But the cooling can can also only be carried out in a subsequent station and in another way, for example by using the exposing the multilayer web to a sharp jet of air.

The thermoplastic material is usually up to a temperature between 80 ° C and 240 ° C, preferably between 100 ° C and 220 ° C, heated. Temperatures between 120 ° C. and 200 ° C. are most favorable The heating time depends on the temperature to be reached and is in the order of magnitude between 1 and 60 seconds, which is advantageous between 2 and 30 sec. and preferably between 3 and 15 seconds. The pressure required to push in the thermoplastic Material in the adjacent fibers is between 0.2 and 20 kg / linear cm, preferably between 2 and 18 kg / linear cm, best between 8 and 16 kg / linear cm.

An apparatus for carrying out the method contains devices for spreading the textile fabric web, such as for example a stretching device, a device

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for tensioning the web, a device for connecting the overlying webs, such as one heated roller, and means for exerting pressure on the multilayer web and a cooling device.

A typical device for carrying out the method according to the invention for producing the multilayer Textile webs are shown in Fig. 13. As can be seen, the fabric web 16 is passed by a feed roll a stretching device 18 out and on a with pins provided tensioning band 19 abandoned, which maintains the tension in the web. When moving over the Belt 19, the fabric web 16 arrives at the heating roller 21, where pins 20 keep it under tension. The feed roller 22 delivers the net or film web 23 (the film web is previously with staple or continuous fibers needled) into the space between the fabric web 16 and the heating roller 21. If a separate A stabilizing web made of staple or continuous fibers is used, then a feed roller 24 is also used provided, which adds this web 25 to the net web 23, which in this case is not needled with fibers. These Web then arrives in the gap between the net web 23 and the heating roller 21. After the superimposed Tracks with a wrap angle of at least 180 are passed around the heating roller 21, which is usually sufficient to melt the thermoplastic material, the multilayer web is passed between the nip of a grooved roller 26 and the heating roller 21, thereby ensuring that the molten thermoplastic material is properly sandwiched between the Fibers of the adjacent material layers penetrate. The composite web is then wrapped around the grooved roll by at least 120 26 passed around, whereby the thermoplastic material is solidified again. The finished stabilized multilayer

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However, textile web 27 runs over idle rollers 28 and is finally taken up by a take-up roller 29.

14 shows a modified embodiment of a device for producing a multilayer according to the invention Textile web. A fabric web 30 as a raw material is drawn off from a feed roller 31 and passed through a Guided stretching device 32, which removes the bend and pretension from the web and puts it in a suitable position Way smoothed and is on a stretch belt 33, which maintains the transverse tension in the textile web. That Stretching belt 33 preferably consists of a longitudinally divided belt, in which it is possible to place the gripping needles on the moving one side faster than the other. Therefore, when the bias from the raw material web has not been sufficiently removed from the stretching device 32, then an operator can change help the speed of one of the rows of needles against the other in this regard. The raw material web 30 runs under tension under a heater 34, which heats it up to such an extent that when it comes into contact with the melted thermoplastic net or film web, it does not immediately solidify on it. The raw material web is removed from the pins of the belt 33 from a stripping roller 36, which guides them against a heating roller 37. One thermoplastic mesh web 35 and a stabilizing web 40 made of staple or continuous fibers run from corresponding ones Rolls 38 and 39 close. These webs are guided over two rollers 41 which keep the material webs smooth. Both webs 35 and 40 then run between a heated pressure roller 43 and the heating roller 37 through which the Heat up thermoplastic mesh material. On the way over the heating roller 37, they run under a cover 44, which prevents heat radiation. Gradually the network begins to melt. At the point where

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it comes into contact with the raw material textile web 30 at the stripping roller 36 is thermoplastic Netzbahn completely melted. The material webs lying on top of one another now continue to run around the heating roller 37 to a connecting station, where pressure is exerted on the multi-layer textile web with the aid of a roller 36 in order to achieve the to merge three material components into an intimate unit. The temperature of the roller 37 and the Pressure between roller 46 and roller 37 must be sufficient to allow the fibers to penetrate completely of the stabilizing fiber web 40 and a partial penetration of the raw material textile web 30 with the thermoplastic Material 35 to reach. The pressure roller 46 is preferably coated with rubber to cover the surface to protect the textile web 30. It is also preferably water-cooled in order to restore the thermoplastic material solidify. The finished textile web then runs around a second water-cooled roller 47 and is then of a Take-up roller 48 added.

The two devices described above work satisfactorily with cotton, rayon and polyester. With certain other heat-sensitive materials, especially polypropylene, However, one must take into account a certain shrinkage, which results from the fact that the temperature of the The heating roller is close to the melting temperature of the textile web itself. When processing cotton, polyamide, Polyester or rayon or other non-thermoplastic or cellulosic fibers has the temperature of the heat roller and the melting temperature of the thermoplastic mesh material no adverse influence on the raw material web itself and shrinkage does not occur. Thermoplastic Raw material webs that have a low melting point, such as polypropylene, which is associated with melts around 160 ° C, but represents shrinkage

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poses a serious problem and special care must be taken to ensure that the material does not melt and shrinks. For this case, a special embodiment of a device is required, which the width of the Maintains the raw material web and does not expose it to high temperature for too long. Of course, is suitable Such a device also for the processing of raw material, which is a substantial proportion of thermoplastic Has fibers.

Such a device is shown in FIG. Man recognizes here a feed roller 51, from which a raw material web 52 runs into a drafting system 53. Then it runs over a relatively short, lengthwise split, with driving pins provided conveyor belt 55, which allows any pretensioning by different feed speeds of the two halves of the conveyor belt. Then the raw material web 52 arrives at one long, studded with driving pins conveyor 54, which maintains the transverse tension in the raw material web. It runs on this conveyor belt 54 under a heating device 56, which is the upper side of the raw material web 52 heats up. Then it runs under a heating roller

57, which is slightly narrower than the distance between the two rows of driving pins. Of two rollers 60 and 65 respectively A thermoplastic net material 58 and a stabilizing fiber web 59 are fed to it. The two tracks 58 and 59 run over two rollers 66 and from there between the gap between a heated roller 61 and the heating roller 57, partially wrap around the latter and reach the raw material web 52. A hood 69 over the roller 57 is used as thermal protection. The web web 58 is substantially completely melted when it enters the splice station reaches where the raw material web 52 against the net web

58 and the fiber web 59 is pressed by a roller 62, which is preferably rubber-coated and water-cooled.

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The temperature of the roller 57 and the dwell time of the net web

58 on her and the pressure between the roller 62 and the roller 57 are set so that on the one hand the thermoplastic Mesh web 58 sufficiently softens and melts and on the other hand the melted thermoplastic material in the desired way into the fibers of the stabilization sheet

59 penetrates completely and partially into the raw material web 52. The composite web produced in this way is during the Pressure treatment is kept under tension and continues to remain under the transverse tension when on the exciting Conveyor belt 54 runs through a cooling station 63, which consists of air nozzles, fans or the like. And the track cools down again immediately after their components have been joined in order to solidify the thermoplastic material. It should be emphasized that the raw material web 52 is connected during the entire treatment, including the heating and cooling, is held in tension so that little or no shrinkage can occur. After the finished textile web has cooled, it is wound up by the winding roller 64. Although this device was explained using the example of thermoplastic raw materials, it should be emphasized that they are also used for processing of non-thermoplastic raw material webs, e.g. those made of cotton, linen and rayon.

If the net sheet according to Fig. 7 or 9 is used as an intermediate layer, then the pressure and the temperature can the preheating rollers 43 or 61 in Figs. 14 and 15 are adjusted so that the net web is warmed up so far, that it tears completely at the first contact with the heating roller between the crossing points of the threads, so that only individual plastic points that are no longer connected to one another remain. If the Temperature on the heating roller is sufficiently high, then

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the network disintegrates immediately; this precludes the network from shrinking and deforming beforehand. It results a very even distribution of the plastic material connecting the other two material webs across the entire width of the web.

It can sometimes be desirable to dampen the web of raw material prior to placing it on the conveyor belt. This is special This is the case with hydroscopic materials, such as those made from cellulose fibers, because this allows them to be removed from creasing and creasing is easier.

Those described above with reference to FIGS. 13-15 Procedures use a three-part system in which a web of raw material is subjected to heat and pressure with a stabilizing Fiber web is connected with the help of a thermoplastic network. However, the devices described can can also be used in a two-part system in which a raw material web with a single second material web is connected, which, however, is a composite web consisting of a thermoplastic film or mesh web in which Staple or continuous fibers are needled into it. The second web can also consist of a thermoplastic mesh web, on which staple or continuous fibers that are connected to it have been deposited with an air stream. With such a two-part system you need instead of two feed rollers 22 and 24 only a single feed roller for the Stabilizing sheet, as this is both the thermoplastic material and the stabilizing fibers contains.

16 shows a multi-layer textile web constructed in the manner according to the invention in a greatly enlarged illustration in FIG Cut. This textile web consists of a woven textile layer 71 with warp threads 72 and filler threads 73

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A stabilizing layer made of staple or continuous fibers is denoted by 74. Layer 71 is with layer 74 connected by a thermoplastic connecting layer or a mesh, examples of which are shown in Figs which, when melted, form small dots 76 which are essentially completely embedded in the stabilization layer 74 and partially in the upper textile layer 71 penetration.

If the connecting layer of the multi-layer textile web consists of a thermoplastic network, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9 is shown, then tear the threads between the crossing points during melting, so that only individual points or drops of connecting material remain, which are surrounded by open spaces. The thermoplastic net material according to FIGS. 1, 3, 5 and when melting results in material zones with open spaces. With all these connecting materials, the fibers of the stabilization layer located at the material-free points free and unglued, while they be glued to each other and to the other textile sheet at the other points. The multi-layer textile web has thereby a high breathability, remains soft and supple, but on the other hand has the desired Strength properties.

It is necessary that the connecting material 76 penetrate as completely as possible into the stabilization layer, so that the desired dimensional stability of the finished textile web is guaranteed and the fibers of the stabilization layer be held together. On the other hand, the connecting material 76 must not completely penetrate the upper textile layer, because otherwise the comfortable grip would be destroyed.

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Similar properties to that shown in Fig. 16, A textile fabric comprising a woven raw material also includes those in which the raw material web is knitted or tufted.

17A shows an upper textile layer 81, a connecting material layer 83 and a stabilizing material layer 82 below it in their as yet unprocessed state. 17B shows the three layers 81, 82 and 83 after they have been connected to one another by needling. One sees, that individual fibers 84 from the upper layer 81 through the connecting layer 83 into the lower layer 82 and through these are needled through. Fig. 17C shows the three layers after they have been subjected to the heat and pressure treatment are, the connections between the individual protruding points of the connecting material layer 83 are torn and freestanding drops of connecting material 86 have remained, which are completely in the stabilization layer and have partially penetrated into the upper textile layer 81 and firmly connect the two layers to one another.

Fig. 18A shows a top textile layer 91, which by needling and heating under pressure is to be bonded to a thermoplastic lower layer 92 of a mesh or film. While Fig. 18A shows the unprocessed state 18B shows the state after needling, which needles individual fibers from the upper textile layer 91 through the lower layer 92 and connects the two layers to one another in a certain way. After heating under pressure, results a structure shown in Fig. 18C. The previously protruding from the thermoplastic material layer downwards Fibers 93 of the top layer 91 have been stuck together by the thermoplastic material, the thermoplastic Material is now only present in individual, mutually separate zones 95 with free spaces 96.

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This material also has excellent breathability and a soft feel.

In the production of the multi-layer textile webs according to FIGS. 17 and 18, the needling can be carried out continuously and directly before the textile layer is placed on the tension-maintaining conveyor belt. However, it is it is also possible to carry out the needling in a separate operation. The needled material is then heated to the extent that the thermoplastic material melts, and subjected to a pressure treatment which is the desired Establishes a firm connection between the components. If desired, the device according to FIG. 15 can be used for Manufacture of such a structure can be used. The heater 56 must then be long enough and the Temperature high enough to melt the thermoplastic mesh or film material. The heated one multilayer web can then either through the gap between two cold rolls or through the gap between a heating roll 57 and a pressure roller 62 are passed, as shown in FIG. 15, in order to connect the components to effect.

To produce flame-retardant stabilized textile webs, one uses flame-retardant fibers, such as modacrylic fibers, fibers known under the brand name NOMEX or other flame retardant or flame retardant fibers as staple or Continuous fibers that are needled through the thermoplastic layer in a two-part system. At a three-part system, the stabilizing layer consisting of staple or continuous fibers can be formed by fibers, which have the necessary flame-retardant properties. You can create a flame-retardant, stabilized textile web by needling a thermoplastic mesh web, a Aluminum foil and a stabilizing sheet are obtained, which are then joined together with the application of heat and pressure

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get connected. The mesh sheet, the aluminum foil and the stabilization sheet can also be used directly with the opaque Textile web needled and then connected to it by heat and pressure. In this way a flame retardant is obtained Textile fabric that withstands the so-called cigarette test satisfactorily.

Stabilized textile webs in the invention Way manufactured have the following properties on: Good dimensional stability, improved seam fatigue strength and improved seam slippage (the seam fatigue strength The seam strength is determined in a dynamic test, the seam slip is determined in a static test the seam strength determined), breathability, softer Grip and high tensile strength. In addition, you get a better coverage because the pressure when connecting the Lay the individual yarn bundles spread apart without adversely affecting the surface texture will. The textile webs according to the invention have good washability properties, their structure is through hot water does not destroy or impair, as is the case with latex tours. Because of the good The textile webs according to the invention can also have washability properties in hot water without difficulty to dye. In the case of textile webs coated with latex, dyeing is very difficult because the latex coating is in the dye bath is often destroyed and detached from the fabric. Furthermore, the textile webs can be processed very well, they can be cut and sewn more easily than latex-laminated ones Textile fabrics. E.g. a latex lamination is usually uneven in structure and has very poor properties Slip properties on. For this reason it is very difficult to pass a textile web coated with latex to run a sewing machine. When processing latex-coated textile webs, latex material often remains

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hang on the sewing needle, which must therefore be cleaned frequently. The textile webs according to the invention are also significantly lighter than conventional latex-laminated textile webs. The difference is around 20 to 50 % , which is also reflected in the transport costs. Energy and water consumption in the production are significantly lower than in the production of latex-laminated textile webs, which is also of particular advantage.

Some examples of the invention are given below Textile webs are described.

example 1

A jacquard upholstery fabric made of polypropylene threads is connected to a high-density polyethylene mesh, which is needled with a thin layer of polypropylene staple fiber.

The loosely woven textile web had 34 warp threads per cm Continuous fiber yarn of 260 denier and 6 weft threads per cm made of lumpy continuous polypropylene yarn of 2,600 denier on. This web originally showed a seam slip of 2.5 kg in the longitudinal (warp) direction and 3 kg in the transverse direction, measured according to the ASTM D 434-75 method. This textile web was aligned so that the filler threads was perpendicular to the machine direction (lengthwise direction) and was held under transverse tension. A polyethylene net high density with a basis weight of 27.4 g / m and 20 knobs per cm of 0.3 mm diameter, which Needled with a thin layer (34 g / m) of staple fibers 3.8 cm long and 3 denier with 118 needles per cm has been placed on top of the textile web. This multilayer web is rolled around a roller heated to 143 ° C 16 inches in diameter. The needled

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The thermoplastic mesh web lies on the roller side, but is separated from the roller by a glass fiber film. A cloth on the outside of the multi-ply web presses it against the hot roller with 0.07 at and maintains the tension upright. The contact time on the roller is 30 seconds. The laminate then runs through the gap between a heated roller and a cooling roller opposite it, which exerts a pressure of 4.9 kg / linear cm. The laminate wraps around the chill roll halfway before the tension on it is released. The multi-layer textile web produced in this way has a seam slip value of 31.5 kg lengthways and 19.8 kg crossways, is soft and has a smooth back.

Example 2

In this example, the same procedure as in Example 1 was used, except that a polyvinyl chloride film was used used, which was needled with polyester staple fibers.

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Weight per unit area of 30.8 g / m 2, which is needled with a thin material web of polypropylene staple fibers, is placed on top of the textile web. The thin staple fiber layer has a basis weight of 34.2 g / m 2 and consists of 3.8 cm long staple fibers of 3 denier, needling at 118 needles / cm. The superimposed layers are wrapped around a heating roller of 20.3 cm diameter heated to 146 ° C with a wrap angle of 180 °, which is provided on its circumferential surface with needles or pins that penetrate the web of material and maintain its tension. The dwell time on the roller is 6.3 seconds, after which the superimposed layers pass through a gap between the heating roller and a water-cooled roller 20.3 cm in diameter, which is provided with a polished silicone rubber layer with a Shore Α hardness of 55. The pressure in the gap is 20.2 kg / linear cm. The textile material produced in this way has a seam slip value of 29.2 kg in the longitudinal direction and 22.5 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 4

In this example use is made again of the textile material according to FIG. 1 and an amorphous copolyamide network is used used, which is needled with carded, crosswise lying cotton. The procedure too according to example 1 applies.

The amorphous copolyamide network has a weight per unit area of 17.1 g / m and consists of intersecting continuous threads 0.076 mm thick, which are arranged in a grid pattern

2 are and with the cotton of 27.4 g / m basis weight needled with 118 needles / cm. The temperature of the Heat roller is 120 °. The seam slip value of the product obtained is 14 kg in the longitudinal direction, in

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Crosswise about 16.2 kg.

Example 5

The textile material from example 1 is also used here Use. The thermoplastic material consists of a high-density polyethylene mesh. As a stabilization track a material made of tangled polypropylene staple fibers is used. Otherwise, the procedure is repeated Example 1 application.

The high-density polyethylene net is modified here by a random fiber layer made of polypropylene staple fibers of 3.8 cm Length and 3 denier, which has a basis weight of about

2
17.1 g / m 2 and is placed on it when the fabric web and the net approach the heating roller. The staple fiber layer, supported in this way by the net, comes into contact with the heating roller. The finished textile material has a seam slip value of about 16.6 kg in the longitudinal direction and of about 15.3 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 6

This example concerns a loosely woven upholstery fabric, using a high-density polyethylene mesh and a non-woven fabric made of rayon staple fibers.

2 A loosely woven upholstery fabric with a basis weight of 342 g / m and 3 threads / cm each in the longitudinal and transverse directions of bulky polypropylene continuous thread of 2,600 denier and an initial one Seam slip value in both directions of less than 4.5 kg is determined with the help of an oriented polyethylene net stabilized, which has a basis weight of about

2 2

27.3 g / m 2, has about 162 knobs / cm and is about 0.1 mm thick. The procedure of Example 3 is followed

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used with the exception that a random fiber fleece

2
Staple fibers with about 34 g / m basis weight is placed on the polyethylene net. During the contact with the heating roller and the subsequent pressure treatment, the mesh material melts and penetrates both the upholstery fabric and the rayon layer and binds the two layers together, which improves the bulk, the feel and the softness of the fabric as well as its dimensional stability will. The seam slip value is approximately 16.6 kg in the longitudinal direction and approximately 22.5 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 7

In this example the upholstery sheet of Example 6 is again used, with an oriented polyethylene mesh high density and a layer of polyester filament is used.

The upholstery fabric, the thermoplastic mesh and the process according to Example 6 are used with the exception that a polyester fleece made of continuous fibers with a basis weight of

about 20.5 g / m 2 is used instead of the rayon staple fiber fleece. The finished material has increased significantly Dimensional stability, improved bulkiness, greater softness and resistance compared to the untreated Material. Its seam strength is about 21 kg in the longitudinal direction and 19 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 8

This example also relates to a fabric for upholstery purposes according to example 6 using an oriented polypropylene net of high density and a nonwoven made of continuous fibers, which are made of nylon here.

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The method according to Example 6 is used again, the nylon fleece has a weight per unit area of about 20.5 g / m 2 The seam slip value that is achieved here is in Lengthways about 19.3 kg and crosswise about 21.6 kg.

Example 9

This example concerns the stabilization of a polypropylene upholstery fabric using an oriented high density polyethylene mesh and a nonwoven fabric Nylon staple fibers.

The upholstery fabric is woven from bulky polypropylene continuous fibers of 3,600 denier and has a weight per unit area

of about 168 g / m with about 4 warp threads and about 2.4 wefts / cm. This upholstery fabric comes with a combination stabilized, made of an oriented high density polyethylene network of about 22 g / m surface weight and a Nylon staple fiber fleece of about 34.2 g / m weight per unit area, the staple fibers having a length of about 5 cm at 3 denier thickness. The original upholstery fabric had a seam slip value of less than 4.5 kg in each direction and a digging strength of about 7 kg / cm

2 in the longitudinal direction and about 3.1 kg / cm in the transverse direction. This fabric is passed through a stretching device to suitably straighten it and then on a conveyor belt with pins, on which it is adjusted to the standard width for upholstery fabrics of 142 cm is stretched. The textile web runs from this conveyor belt directly onto a fluoropolymer-coated one Roller about 1.20 m in diameter, the surface of which is heated to 150 ° C. To maintain the full width of the fabric and to resist shrinkage, rows of needles are attached to the fabric on both edges of the roller held. At the point where the fabric

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touched the heated roller for the first time, the thermoplastic mesh web is fed. This consists of one Mesh with hexagonal protrusions 0.1 mm thick and

2 about 0.4 mm in diameter, with a density of 140 / cni are arranged and made of thin threads of oriented thermoplastic material on each of the six sides are connected to one another, as FIGS. 9 and 10 show. The nylon fleece is added to both layers and the three-ply laminate then migrates around the roller with the nonwoven facing the roller surface and the net lies between it and the upholstery fabric. The laminate wraps around about 3/4 of the circumference of the roller and is moved at a speed of about 18 m / min. The dwell time on the hot roller is about 9.8 see. The laminate then runs through a gap between a water-cooled steel roller about 20 cm in diameter, which is operated with a hydraulic pressure of presses about 3.2 kg / linear cm onto the laminate. The finished web then runs around the cooled roller Take-up roller. The finished textile web has a tensile strength of about 26 kg / cm in the longitudinal direction and about 18.6 cm across. The seam slip value is 12.6 kg in the longitudinal direction and 15.7 kg in the transverse direction.

Example 10

This example concerns the stabilization of a tufted stuffing as well as the use of an alternative embodiment for production as shown in FIG.

A tufted fabric with a basis weight of about

2
36o g / m, which has 2.8 mm loops made of 1.5 denier rayon on a cotton fabric of about 19 χ 12 threads per cm,

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27A6U6

is stabilized with a combination consisting of spun bonded endless nylon threads and an oriented poly-

2 high-density ethylene net of around 27.3 g / m

2
weight and 19 protrusions / cm at 0.1 mm thickness.

Using the apparatus of Figure 14, the tufted fabric is made as in the previous examples spread and straightened and taken up by a tensioning band 35 so that its rear side of the heating roller 37 is fed between rollers 36 and 46 where the stabilizing material is bonded to the tufted fabric will. The stabilizing material made of a spun bonded nylon fleece 40 of about 20.5 g basis weight and the net 35 run over the roller 43, which is heated to a temperature of about 126 ° C. After a Dwell time of about 1 second. run through on the roller 43 the two tracks the gap between this roller and the heating roller 37, where they are a pressure of about 10.6 kg / linear cm. The heating roller 37 is at a temperature of about 196 ° C. After 5 seconds. During the dwell time on the heating roller 37, the network is completely melted and is now only covered by the nylon fleece carried. Then the melted network reaches the roller 36 on the tufted fabric 30. This and the Stabilizing material layers remain for about 1 second. on the heat roller and a pressure of about 14 kg / linear cm is applied from roller 46 which is a steel surface and is cooled inside by water. The textile web then runs around a second water-cooled one Roller 47 to take-up roller 48. While the tufted material used to be almost without this treatment when dyeing If it has lost all loops, it withstands even the harshest dyeing processes when treated in the manner according to the invention.

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Example 11

This example relates to a knitted fabric made from spun polyester yarns using a combination of spun bonded continuous nylon fibers and an oriented high density polyethylene mesh. The knitted fabric has a basis weight of 360 g / m 2 and an elastic recovery of less than 75% in 5 minutes after stretching. The high density polyethylene net has a

2 2

Basis weight of 24 g / m with 141 protrusions / cm and 0.1 mm thickness. The spun bonded nylon fleece has a surface

2
weight of 13.7 g / m.

The device according to FIG. 14 was operated exactly with the data of Example 10. The stabilized knitted fabric obtained has a considerably better dimensional stability. The elastic recovery after 5 minutes is more than 85 % after a 15% stretch.

Example 12

This example relates to the stabilization of an upholstery material from Example 9 using an oriented one High-density polyethylene net and a non-woven fabric made of modacrylic staple fibers.

There will be the upholstery fabric, the thermoplastic mesh and the method of Example 9 is used with the exception that instead of the nylon Stapelf.aservlieses a needled Staple fiber fleece made from modacrylic fibers with a weight per unit area

2
of about 34.2 g / m is used. The modacrylic fleece has a fiber thickness of 3 denier and a fiber length of approx

6.3 cm. It is about 23 needles / cm with the plastic net tied together. This composite sheet of modacrylic fibers and plastic mesh is fed as a unit to the upholstery fabric. The finished textile web has a tensile strength of approx

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26 kg / cm in the longitudinal direction and about 17.4 kg in the transverse direction and shows seam slip values of 13.5 and 14.8 kg lengthways or crossways.

Example 13

This example illustrates the stabilization and improvement with regard to the flame resistance of an upholstery fabric using oriented high density polyethylene mesh in combination with an aluminum foil and a polyester staple fiber fleece.

An aluminum foil with a thickness of just under 0.01 mm is applied to a

2 Polyester staple fiber fleece with a weight per unit area of around 34.2 g / m laid on, the fibers of which have a strength of 3 denier and one

2 have a length of 3.8 cm. With up to 4 needles / cm the two layers are connected to each other. The composite web produced in this way is then applied to the upholstery fabric Example 9 laid. The process according to Example 9 is then carried out with the following exceptions, namely that on the one hand the surface temperature of the heating roller is 180 ° C

2 and the plastic net has a weight per unit area of about 27.3 g / m and about 16 protrusions / cm with a thickness of 0.3 mm. The nylon staple fiber fleece is here by the Combination of aluminum foil and staple fiber fleece replaced.

The finished product has a seam slip value of about 18 kg in the longitudinal direction and about 14 kg in the transverse direction. It corresponds Class A of the American federal standard PFF6-74 with regard to the cigarette test.

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Example 14

This example concerns the stabilization of a textile fabric by an alternative method of needling the textile material with a thermoplastic net and a stabilization layer, which is followed by the application of heat and pressure to the loosely needled fibers of the fabric and the To bring the stabilization position into a dimensionally stable structure.

A woven fabric made of nylon yarn with 4.3 threads / cm in the warp direction and 3.5 threads in the weft direction and a basis weight of 376 g / m 2 is bonded with a sheet of thermoplastic mesh material and a stabilization sheet made of spun Nylon brought together. This multi-layer web is needled together to form a unit. The Netzbahn and the Stabilizing panels lie on the back of the fabric and the needles penetrate the fabric from the front to behind the back of the bottom layer and connect the three lengths with the needled Threads. A needling density of about 39 / cm and an immersion depth of 1.4 cm are used. The thermoplastic The net is made of polyethylene and has a high density and a weight per unit area of around 27.3 g / m 2. It has protrusions 0.3 mm in diameter with a density of about

2
20 / cm. The stabilization layer has a surface

2
weight of about 13.7 g / m and is made of spun bonded nylon.

After the needling, the unit produced in this way is fed to a device as in Example 9 and thermally underneath Pressure treated. The conditions are the same as in Example 9, with the exception that the Textile fabric that goes through the stretching device already is provided with the intermediate layer and the stabilizing layer. After heating and pressing and cooling down the end product has a seam slip value of about 13.5 kg

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lengthways and about 14.4 kg crossways.

In all of the examples explained, the connecting material is made of thermoplastic material always completely penetrated into the stabilization layer and only partially in the upper cover layer.

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Claims (38)

Expectations 1. Multi-layer textile web, characterized by a textile fabric layer (81) connected under heat and pressure either to a thermoplastic mesh or film web (83) which has been needled with a loose web (82) of staple or continuous threads, or with a thermoplastic net web (83) and a web (82) of staple or continuous threads is connected, wherein the thermoplastic material (83, 86) from the net or film web in each case both in the textile material layer (81) and has penetrated the web of staple or continuous fibers (82). 2. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile layer (81) made of continuous polypropylene yarn and the thermoplastic sheet (82) is an oriented high density polyethylene mesh coated with a loose The web (82) of polypropylene staple fibers is needled. 3. Multi-layer textile web, characterized by a textile layer (81), a stabilized layer of stack or 809816/0849 MUNICH: TELEPHONE (Οββ) 99β0θβ CABLE: PROPINDUS TELEX OS34344 BERLIN: TEL E FON (O 3O) β 31 SO 88 CABLE: PROPINDUS -TELEX OI 84 Ο57 ORIGINAL INSPECTED 27A6U6 Continuous filaments (82) and one air-permeable, both layers connecting intermediate layer (83) made of thermoplastic material, which connecting zones (86) between the Forms textile layers (81, 82) and completely into the fibers of the stabilization layer (82) at the connection zones (86) and has partially penetrated the fibers of the fabric layer (81). 4. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate layer (83) is a net and the stabilization sheet (82) made of so-called spun bonds staple fibers consists. 5. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the stabilizing web (82) and the intermediate layer (83) an interconnected unit of a web or film and a layer of stack or Are continuous fibers that are needled together. 6. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the stabilizing web (82) and the intermediate layer (83) an interconnected unit of a net web and a layer of staple or continuous fibers which are melt-bonded to the intermediate layer. 7. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the air-permeable intermediate layer (83) consists of a Large number of individual points or drops (86) made of thermoplastic material, which in regular Distribution are arranged. 8. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the staple or continuous fibers of the stabilizing layer (82) are flame retardant. 809816/0849 2746U6 9. Textile web according to claim 5, characterized in that the unit is an aluminum foil between the thermoplastic Has web and the layer of staple or continuous fibers. 10. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the textile web (81) is woven. 11. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the textile web (81) is knitted. 12. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the fabric web (81) is tufted. 13. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate layer (83) and the stabilizing layer (82) prior to the melting of the thermoplastic material are needled. 14. Textile web according to claim 13, characterized in that between the intermediate layer and the stabilizing layer an aluminum foil is arranged. 15. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the stabilization layer and the intermediate layer enclose an aluminum foil between them and that these three Layers are needled to form a unit before they are connected to the textile web. 16. A method for producing a multilayer textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that a textile fabric layer is rolled out and held during the entire processing under a transverse tension that a thermoplastic net or film web is heated to its melting temperature, the textile web, the thermoplastic sheet and a sheet of stacked 809816/0849 -4- 27A6U6 or continuous filaments are pressed onto one another with a pressure sufficient to produce at least a portion to press the thermoplastic material on both sides into or between the adjacent fibers, and that then the finished web is cooled again. 17. A method for producing a multilayer textile web according to claim 5, characterized in that a Textile web and a composite web made of a stabilizing web made of staple or continuous fibers and one associated with this by melt heating thermoplastic web are brought together under the influence of heat and bonded together under pressure, which is sufficiently large to contain at least part of the thermoplastic material on both sides in or to press between the adjacent fibers, and that then the finished web is cooled again. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the textile fabric web during feeding and connection is held with the composite sheet under a transverse tension. 19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the fabric web is kept under a transverse tension during the entire treatment. 20. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the fabric web is heated prior to joining with the thermoplastic intermediate layer. 21. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pressing pressure is set sufficiently high that the 8Q9816 / 08A9 thermoplastic material almost completely in or between the fibers of the stabilization sheet and partially penetrates into or between the fibers of the textile web. 22. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the fabric web is freed from bending and bias and then brought into contact with the thermoplastic intermediate layer under transverse tension. 23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the fabric web prior to contact with the thermoplastic Interlayer is heated. 24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the textile fabric web during the entire processing is held under transverse tension. 25. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the layers of the web are needled together, before they are subjected to the heat and pressure treatment. 26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that before needling an aluminum foil between the Interlayer and the stabilization layer is introduced. 27. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the intermediate layer is heated by touching the surface of a rotating heating roller. 809816/0849 2746U6 28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the intermediate layer consists of a thermoplastic mesh web with a multitude of projections at the crossover points of thin threads and at such a temperature is warmed up so that on contact with the heating roller the threads melt and tear and from the web only discreet drops remain. 29. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the stabilization sheet with the intermediate layer to one Unit connected and fed as such to the textile web. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the stabilizing web and the intermediate layer are needled are. 31. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 16, characterized by a device (17) for the continuous supply of a textile fabric web (16), a Device (18) for stretching and straightening the textile fabric web (16), a tensioning device (19) for producing a Transverse tension in the textile web (16), devices (24, 22) for feeding in a stabilizing web (25) une a thermoplastic web-shaped intermediate layer (23) to the textile fabric web (16), a device (21) for heating the intermediate layer (23) to a temperature at which the intermediate layer (23) is partially melts, a pressing device (26) for pressing together the superimposed webs (16, 23, 25), the one has a working width corresponding to the web width, a cooling device (26, 28) for the finished multilayer Textile web (27) and devices (20) for maintaining the transverse tension in the textile web (16) during heating, pressure treatment and cooling. 6Q9816 / 0849 32. Device for carrying out the method according to
Claim 17, characterized by devices (31, 33)
for feeding a fabric web (30), means
(38, 39, 37) for supplying a thermoplastic, web-shaped intermediate layer (35) and a stabilizing web (40) made of staple or continuous fibers, a device (37) for heating the intermediate layer (35) on it
Melting temperature, a pressing device (36, 46) for pressing the fabric web (30) against the interlayer stabilization web (35, 40) and a cooling device (47) for the finished multilayer web. 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that the heating device is a rotating heating roller (37)
and the intermediate layer web (35) and the stabilization web (40) partially wrap around them. 34. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that seen in the direction of movement of the intermediate layer web (35) a preheating device is arranged in front of the heating roller (37). 35. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that the feed device for the textile fabric web (30) is a
Means (33) for maintaining a transverse tension
embraced in it. 36. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that seen in the direction of movement of the textile material web (30) a preheating device (34) is arranged on the heating roller (37). 37. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that in the direction of movement of the superimposed webs
(30, 34, 40) a needling device is arranged in front of the heating device (37). 600816/0849 38. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that in the path of the textile fabric web (30) a stretching and Straightening device (32) is arranged. 809816/0849