DE2605405A1 - Ultrasonic tube or pipe testing - using stationary test heads producing Lamb waves as specimen is moved along for defect probing in all dimensions - Google Patents
Ultrasonic tube or pipe testing - using stationary test heads producing Lamb waves as specimen is moved along for defect probing in all dimensionsInfo
- Publication number
- DE2605405A1 DE2605405A1 DE19762605405 DE2605405A DE2605405A1 DE 2605405 A1 DE2605405 A1 DE 2605405A1 DE 19762605405 DE19762605405 DE 19762605405 DE 2605405 A DE2605405 A DE 2605405A DE 2605405 A1 DE2605405 A1 DE 2605405A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- waves
- transmitter
- head
- sound
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0427—Flexural waves, plate waves, e.g. Lamb waves, tuning fork, cantilever
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/263—Surfaces
- G01N2291/2634—Surfaces cylindrical from outside
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
"Verfahren zur US-PHifung von Rohren Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur US-Prflfung von Rohren zur Erfassung von Längs-, schrägliegenden Quer- und Oberflächenfehlern, sowie WanddickenschwächungenO Bei bekannten Verfahren zur Ultraschallprüfung von Rohren, zsBo mit feststehenden Prüfkopfanordnungen und axial bewegten, sich drehenden Rohren können mit einer PrUfkopfanordnung entweder nur Längs- oder Querfehler nachgewiesen werden. Durch diese Maßnahme wird die Prüfgeschwindigkeit begrenzt. Flachverlaufende Mulden und schalenförmige Fehler werden infolge des ungunstigen Reflektionsverhaltens der Fehler nicht immer erkannt. "Method for the US-Pifing of Pipes The invention relates to a method for ultrasonic testing of pipes for the detection of longitudinal, inclined transverse and surface defects, and wall thickness weaknesses o In known methods for ultrasonic testing of Pipes, e.g. with fixed probe arrangements and axially moving, rotating ones Pipes can only detect longitudinal or transverse defects with a probe arrangement will. This measure limits the test speed. Flat running end Depressions and bowl-shaped defects are due to the unfavorable reflection behavior the error is not always recognized.
Die gleichen Nachteile treten auch bei Anlagen mit axial bewegtem Rohr und RotationsprUfköpfen auf.The same disadvantages also occur in systems with axially moving Tube and rotary probes.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur UltraschallprUfung von Rohren zu schaffen, mit dem unter wesentlicher Erhöhung der Prüfgeschwindigkeit Längs-, schrägliegende und Querfehler, sowie Oberflächenfehler und Wanddickenschwächungen in einem Durchgang geprUft werden.The object of the invention is to provide a method for ultrasonic testing of pipes to create with the under substantial increase of the test speed Longitudinal, oblique and transverse defects, as well as surface defects and wall thickness weaknesses can be checked in one go.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ein Verfahren zur Ultraschallprüfung von Rohren vorgeschlagen, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß das Rohr in axialer Richtung ohne Drehung an feststehenden, in Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung befindlichen Lamp-Wellen erzeugenden PrUfköpfen vorbeibewegt wird, wobei Schallwellen mehrfach die Rohrwand in Umfangsrichtung durchlaufend bei jedem Umlauf gemessen werden und die daraus entstehende US-Anzeigenfolge zur Fehlerfindung benutzt wird0 Die Schallwellen werden in Form von Impulsen eingegeben0 Die Winkel zwischen Prtifköpfen und Rohrwand (Einschallwinkel) werden unter Beriicksichtigung von Schallgeschwindigkeit des zu prüfenden Werkstückes und des Kopplungsmediums der Abmessung und der Schallfrequenz derart gewählt, daß vorzugsweise Lamb-Wellen (Plattenwellen) angeregt werden.In order to achieve this object, a method for ultrasonic testing is provided according to the invention proposed by tubes, which is characterized in that the tube in axial Direction without rotation on stationary, located in a transmitter-receiver arrangement Lamp waves generating test heads is moved past, with sound waves multiple times the pipe wall can be measured continuously in the circumferential direction with each revolution and the resulting US display sequence is used to locate errors 0 The sound waves are entered in the form of impulses 0 The angle between the test heads and the pipe wall (Angle of incidence) are calculated taking into account the speed of sound of the the workpiece to be tested and the coupling medium, the dimensions and the sound frequency chosen such that Lamb waves (plate waves) are preferably excited.
Zur Fehlererkennung wird der Quotient zweier Anzeigen der Folge gebildet, wobei zwei aufeinanderfolgende oder voneinander getrennte Anzeigen benutzt werden.For error detection, the quotient of two displays of the sequence is formed, where two consecutive or separate displays are used.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können im Gegensatz zu bisher üblichen PrUfverfahren nahezu alle relevanten Fehler mit wesentlich höherer Prüfgeschwindigkeit nachgewiesen werden0 Die PrUfgeschwindigkeit liegt mindestens doppelt so hoch, wie bei bisher üblichen Verfahren.With the method according to the invention, in contrast to previously usual test procedures almost all relevant errors with a significantly higher test speed 0 The test speed is at least twice as high as with previously common procedures.
Die Durchführung des Verfahrens ist erheblich einfacher, da Vorrichtungen zum Drehen des Rohres und/oder der Prüfköpfe entfallen. Die Justierung der Anlage ist wesentlich einfacher als bei bekannten Verfahren, da sie von einem fehlerfreien Rohr ausgeht.The implementation of the method is considerably simpler, as there are devices to rotate the tube and / or the probes are not required. Adjustment of the system is much simpler than with known methods, since they are error-free Pipe runs out.
Die Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht aus einem Rollgang bekannter Art, um das Rohr axial an der PrUfeinrichtung vorbeizuführen; ferner aus einer in Tauchtechnik arbeitenden winkelverstellbaren Prüfkopfanordnung mit Sender und Empfänger, außerdem einer Prüfelektronik mit einer Auswertelogik, die aus den Anzeigen zweier Erwartungsbereiche einen Quotienten bildet und aus dem ermittelten Quotienten einen vorhandenen Fehler in geeigneter Weise zur Anzeige bringt.The system for carrying out the process consists of a roller table known type, in order to guide the pipe axially past the testing device; further off an angle-adjustable test head arrangement with transmitter working in immersion technology and receiver, also a test electronics with an evaluation logic, which from the Display two areas of expectation one Quotient forms and from the determined quotient an existing error in a suitable manner for display brings.
Eine Darstellung der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist aus den beigefügten Zeichnungen, die eine mögliche Anordnung einer Anlage schematisch darstellt, erkennbar.An illustration of the implementation of the method according to the invention is from the accompanying drawings, which show a possible arrangement of a plant schematically represents, recognizable.
Es zeigen: Figur 1 die Eingabe und Entnahme von Lamb-Wellen in das Rohr, Figur 2 die US-Anzeigenfolge auf einem Bildschirm mit den hier gewählten Auswertebereichen, Figur 3 die Anordnung der Prüfelektronik.They show: FIG. 1 the input and extraction of Lamb waves in the Rohr, Figure 2 the US display sequence on a screen with the evaluation areas selected here, Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the test electronics.
In Figur 1 ist der Rohrquerschnitt 3 mit dem Sendekopf 1 und dem Empfangskopf 2 dargestellt. Die Ultraschallwellen werden unter einem Winkel derart in den Prüfling eingegeben, daß-Lamb-Wellen 4 erzeugt werden.In Figure 1, the pipe cross-section 3 with the transmitting head 1 and the receiving head 2 shown. The ultrasonic waves are directed into the test object at an angle input that Lamb waves 4 are generated.
In Figur 2 sind auf einem Bildschirm 5 die US-Anzeigenfolge mit dem Sendeimpuls 6 und den hier für die Fehlererfassung benutzten US-Anzeigen 7 und7' sowie die Auswertebereiche 8 und 8' dargestellt.In Figure 2 are on a screen 5, the US display sequence with the Transmit pulse 6 and the US displays 7 and 7 'used here for error detection as well as the evaluation areas 8 and 8 '.
Die in Figur 3 gezeigte Anordnung der Prüfelektronik setzt sich zusammen aus dem Ultraschallsender 9 mit Taktgeber 10 für den Sendekopf, ferner einer Empfangseinheit 11 für den Empfängerkopf 2, an der sich das Sichtteil 12 mit Bildschirm 5 anschließt.The arrangement of the test electronics shown in FIG. 3 is composed from the ultrasonic transmitter 9 with clock generator 10 for the transmitter head, furthermore a receiver unit 11 for the receiver head 2, to which the visible part 12 with screen 5 is connected.
Ferner können ein Monitor 13, ein Quotientenbildner 14, ein Schreiber 15, eine Schwelle 16 und eine Markierungseinrichtung 17 vorgesehen sein.Furthermore, a monitor 13, a quotient generator 14, a recorder 15, a threshold 16 and a marking device 17 may be provided.
Es ist ferner möglich, in die Empfangseinheit 11 eine automatische Verstärkungsnachführung einzufügen, um eine bessere Fehlererkennbarkeit zu erreichen.It is also possible to have an automatic Insert gain tracking in order to achieve better error detection.
Es ist auch eine Lösung denkbar, bei der unter Fortfall des Quotientenbildners 14 ein logarithmischer Verstärker in die Empfangseinheit 11 eingebaut wird.A solution is also conceivable in which the quotient generator is omitted 14 a logarithmic amplifier is built into the receiving unit 11.
- Patentansprüche - Leerseite- patent claims - Blank page
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762605405 DE2605405A1 (en) | 1976-02-09 | 1976-02-09 | Ultrasonic tube or pipe testing - using stationary test heads producing Lamb waves as specimen is moved along for defect probing in all dimensions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762605405 DE2605405A1 (en) | 1976-02-09 | 1976-02-09 | Ultrasonic tube or pipe testing - using stationary test heads producing Lamb waves as specimen is moved along for defect probing in all dimensions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2605405A1 true DE2605405A1 (en) | 1977-08-11 |
Family
ID=5969604
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762605405 Pending DE2605405A1 (en) | 1976-02-09 | 1976-02-09 | Ultrasonic tube or pipe testing - using stationary test heads producing Lamb waves as specimen is moved along for defect probing in all dimensions |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE2605405A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3622500A1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-01-07 | Mannesmann Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING DISTANCES IN CYLINDRICAL TUBES AND RODS |
US5113697A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1992-05-19 | Mannesmann Ag | Process and apparatus for detecting discontinuities on long workpieces |
EP0735366A2 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-02 | MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for detecting flows in oblong workpieces, in particular in pipes and rods |
EP0935258A1 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-11 | Siemens Power Corporation | Method for the inspection of nuclear fuel rod for fretting and wear within a nuclear fuel assembly |
GB2380794A (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2003-04-16 | Pii Ltd | Pipeline inspection pigs for locating defects in pipline walls |
-
1976
- 1976-02-09 DE DE19762605405 patent/DE2605405A1/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3622500A1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-01-07 | Mannesmann Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING DISTANCES IN CYLINDRICAL TUBES AND RODS |
JP2622970B2 (en) | 1986-07-03 | 1997-06-25 | マンネスマン・アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Defect detection method and apparatus |
US5113697A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1992-05-19 | Mannesmann Ag | Process and apparatus for detecting discontinuities on long workpieces |
EP0735366A2 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-02 | MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for detecting flows in oblong workpieces, in particular in pipes and rods |
EP0735366A3 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-02-05 | Mannesmann Ag | Process and apparatus for detecting flows in oblong workpieces, in particular in pipes and rods |
EP0935258A1 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-11 | Siemens Power Corporation | Method for the inspection of nuclear fuel rod for fretting and wear within a nuclear fuel assembly |
GB2380794A (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2003-04-16 | Pii Ltd | Pipeline inspection pigs for locating defects in pipline walls |
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