DE2321362A1 - Water permeable mat - prevents erosion of river banks, has bulky fibrous batt secured to rot resistant base - Google Patents

Abstract

A water permeable mat for preventing erosion of river banks etc. includes a bulky fibrous batt of natural (pref. coconut, sisal) or synthetic (un)textured fibres chemically or mechanically bonded together is secured e.g. by stitching, adhesive, or needling to a rot-resistant knitted woven or non-woven water permeable support web. The structure of the batt is sufficiently open to allow it to retain particulate filtering material (e.g. sand gravel, earth) which is pref. positionally fixed by an adhesive emulsion. Movement of the particulate material in the batt is reduced making the mat more effective and easier to transport.

Description

Erosion protection mat The invention relates to an erosion protection mat characterized in that a voluminous tangled fiber mat made of curled and / or spiral crimped, mechanical and / or chem. bound natural or man-made fibers or mixtures thereof has a structure that allows for the deposition of solids promotes and holds, but lets water through and those on the bottom with one rot-proof, but water-permeable fabric, knitted fabric, fiber fleece or the like. is firmly connected.

So the mat consists of two different ones that are fixed to each other connected construction elements, each of which has its own special structure, from a) a very loose, voluminous tangled fiber layer for the deposition of solids / b) a fine-denier or dense, thinner filter fleece for the separation of solids from the water.

Similar mats with the same or similar purpose are has been described repeatedly in recent years. Attention is drawn to the Gbm. 1 988 181 and OS 1 759 259 of the applicant. An erosion protection mat is included in both requests for protection from preferably chem. bound man-made fibers, which differ from the present through this The main difference is that they do not have an additional filter layer having on the underside.

OS 1 784 483.6 and OS 1 906 491.6 from BAYER also describe them Erosion protection mats, which also do not have an additional filter layer, but rather so tightly needled and chem.

Binder are compacted so that they form an almost closed filter mat represent.

Also the requests for protection filed later by the applicant Filter mats, such as P 1 800 243, P 1 928 014.9 and P 2 035 762.7, do not have the feature this registration.

Also the (hardly legally valid registrations Gbm 6 808 598 from 25.11.68 and OS 1 810 698 of 11/26/68 from GLANZSTOFF do not have the essential feature a combination of two different existing fiber layers of this application on.

Immediately after the registration of the Gbm 1 988 181 are in East Asia Mats made of "" intertwined "coconut fibers have become known, but so have they do not have the filter layer. It is also only 15-20 mm thick and therefore Not very suitable as protection against erosion.

All of these known mats have the task of filling the gaps between the fibers with gravel, sand or earth an erosion protection for the underneath to create lying ground and through Greening this erosion protection to improve.

The disadvantage, however, is that when these mats are laid, the filling material (Sand, gravel, earth) for the most part trickles out again, so that the mat is underneath the surface of the water can hardly be laid.

In the case of embankment protection mats, the filling can be filled with earth after laying take place, but here too there are major deficiencies if the mat and substrate are not have close contact everywhere. If the well-known mats are used as coastal protection, there is also the defect that the sand filling is easily rinsed out because the water that has penetrated into the water structure to be protected when it refluxes aen sand takes away.

In order to remedy these shortcomings, the invention proposes a voluminous mat made of rolled and preferably spiral-crimped coconut fibers, Sisal or other rot-proof fibers, made from water and chemical resistant Man-made fibers or mixtures thereof, in a known manner on a known pile laying machine to lay a tangled pile of fibers, to needles and the fibers at their crossing points to be fixed with a water-resistant binder and a sand-retaining binder on the underside To firmly attach fabric or a press pile or a fine-titer synthetic fiber fleece by gluing, needling or in some other way, so that at least on one Side a sand-retaining and filtering barrier is created. Especially spiral ruffled ones Coconut and sisal fibers form an excellent open fiber labyrinth that runs through suitable binder is waterproof and dimensionally stable and that is highly suitable is to securely deposit and hold gravel, sand or earth.

To completely cover large contiguous areas with the mats can, the mats are made with filter fabric protruding from the longitudinal edges or Filter fleece produced and this sewn or glued or welded so, that a Leparello fold becomes possible. = It can then be almost endless widths and produce lengths that are only limited by the loading area of the means of transport.

Such endless mats not only offer advantages when it comes to fast Laying, but above all far fewer areas of attack for water and wind.

A mat designed in this way can then be accessed from the open side Before or when laying sand and fine gravel are shaken into the mat not only weighted down so that it can also be laid under water, but also the effect of the filter layer made of fibers is reinforced by the gravel-sand filter. the The risk of flushing is significantly reduced and the building material covered with it Dam or

The dyke can no longer be flushed out.

There is an erosion protection mat filled with quartz sand, depending on the thickness Weighs 80 - 120 kg, there is an additional weight on certain stretches of the coast Stones are superfluous, which is of great economic value.

But it is also possible to add vibrated soil material with a suitable, preferably waterproof, known per se To rinse emulsion so that this floor material in the interstices of the mat is solidified or bound, whereby a further security is achieved.

It is clear that the fiber labyrinth of the mat is the vibrated floor itself already largely secures against wind drift.

If the mats are to be used as embankment protection, then it is It is advantageous to roll out the mats from top to bottom without filling them with sand or earth and to fix them to the ground in places.

Over time, they fill themselves up with earth and flying seeds. However, if the greening and fastening are to be carried out very quickly, it will be advantageous Throw up or pound earth with seeds, especially grass and deep-root seeds.

The roots of the greening attach the mat flat to the subsurface.

One and the same mat can therefore provide excellent protection against erosion on flat coasts, on dunes, as well as on road embankments and embankments with the great advantage of also protecting the subsoil against leaching and drifting to secure and to green quickly.

The accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a section through a New protective mat, filled with sand (3) and gravel on the left, unfilled on the right (4).

1 with the coarse fiber mat is designated, with 2 the needled filter fleece made of fine fibers.

In Fig. 2 an endlessly wide mat is shown in Leparello fold, in Fig. 3 the same mat spread out.

Fig. 4 shows the mat laid out on a shallow coast.

Fig. 5 shows the same mat on a dune.

Fig. 6 demonstrates one covered with an erosion protection mat (62) Embankment (61), which is firmly connected to the embankment with broad-headed nails (64).

The moat (63) is also covered with the mat.

The ends (65) are buried in the ground.

Claims (11)

Claims 1. Erosion control mat, characterized in that a voluminous Random fiber mat (1) made of rolled and / or spiral-crimped, mechanical and / or chem. bound natural or man-made fibers or mixtures thereof has a structure, which promotes the deposition of solids and holds, but lets water through and those on the underside with a rot-proof, but water-permeable fabric, Knitted fabrics, fiber fleece or the like. (2) is firmly connected. 2. Erosion protection mat according to claim 1, characterized in that the tangled fiber mat (1> can have all strengths. 3. Erosion protection mat according to claim 1 + 2, characterized in that that the filter layer (2) with the random fiber mat (1) by gluing, sewing or preferably Needling is firmly connected. 4. Erosion protection mat according to claim 1 - 3, characterized in that that the filter layer (2), at least on one, preferably on both longitudinal sides the tangled fiber mat (1) protrudes a few centimeters6 and that the filter layers (2i of a second and third erosion protection mat connected to one another over a large area are that the complete erosion protection mat as a large protective element in Leparello fold can be transported. 5. Erosion protection mat according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that they are placed on the to be protected before or after laying Subsurface (61) can be filled with sand, fine gravel or earth. 6. Erosion protection mat according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that any seeds are filled with the soil can be. 7. Erosion protection mat according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that the introduced soil is additionally coated with a suitable, per se known emulsion solidified or bound in the interstices of the mat can be. 8. Erosion protection mat according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that it is connected to the ground by suitable fastening elements (e.g. Breitkopfnägel 64) can be firmly connected. 9. Erosion protection mat according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that the soil introduced by the structure of the mat is secured against wind drift. 10. Use of the erosion protection mat as a sand trap mat for coastal, Dune or bank protection. 11. Use of the erosion protection mat as a covering for embankments and embankments in road construction.