DE2058638A1 - Reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.Ing. Georgi Oroschakoff in Vienna (Austria)

Reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures

Γ; ic identification refers to reinforcement For reinforced concrete structures, v / ie plates, beams, supports or the like., characterized in, that they pus at least two separate, standardized partial reinforcement elements of a modular system consists of flat and / or angled shapes with graduated lengths and heights, which can be combined to form flat or cage reinforcements Any dimension and any steel cross-section can be combined

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BATH ORIGINAL

In order to get any reinforcement required for any reinforced concrete structure, such as girders, Columns, plates, frames, cassettes or the like. just by assembling and without further connection, such as tobogganing or other setting of the partial reinforcement elements against each other, the invention relates to the design of the standard parts of the kit and their Composition in such a way that rigid, self-supporting surface and cage reinforcements result.

The reinforcement according to the invention is therefore characterized in that the partial reinforcement elements in planar and / or angular form in pairs by interlocking in a non-positive manner Connection to self-supporting reinforcement that is rigid in at least one direction any shape can be combined.

One method of making such reinforcement is by making the two. Partial reinforcement elements telescopes at an angle to each other until their cross bars lie against each other, and rotates the partial reinforcement elements in a plane common to their longitudinal bars and at most distant from each other.

In this way, the creation of any rigid reinforcement shape (rectangular beam or columns, T-shaped or double-T shaped beams, T-beams of any size etc.) only made possible by assembling the sub-elements of the construction kit.

The resulting girder reinforcements have no longitudinal bars in the upper area, so that the Slab reinforcement penetrate any beam reinforcement

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can. In order to be able to adapt to the torque curve to a large extent, additional iron are through Can be pressed into prefabricated eyelets. To facilitate the assembly work, is provided, the lower reinforcement in the appropriate eyelets before the assembly of the Side parts to be able to relocate the upper one on continuously adjustable supports ·.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention based on the drawings »

In the drawings illustrate: '

Fig. 1 is a side view of an angle element,

Fig. 2 is a side view of a modified version,

Fig. 3 d.en operation during assembly of two elements according to FIG. 1 in side view,

4 shows the open reinforcement cage formed in this way in a side view,

FIG. 5 is a side view of a modified from FIG Execution,

6 shows the process when joining two elements according to FIG. 5 in a side view. |

7 shows the reinforcement cage formed in this way in a side view,

7a shows the side view of a plastic coupling used here,

8 to 13 further configurations of angle elements in side view,

14 to 19 side views of reinforcing bars formed from such elements different length gradations,

20 and 21 are diagrammatic representations of two other '.', 'Angular elements,

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BATH ORIGINAL

22 and 23 are schematic diagrams of an angle element or one formed therefrom Reinforcement cage,

24 is a diagram of another plastic coupling,

25 is a schematic diagram of a reinforcement cage composed of angular elements,

FIGS. 26 and 27 are side views of two different ones formed from pairs of angle elements Reinforcing bars,

26 and 29 are sections of a coupling used along the lines 2S-28 and 29-29 of Fig. 29 or 28,

30 to 32 side views of a Pair of angular elements when assembling to form baskets of different widths,

33 and 33a side and front views of a surface element,

34 and 34a are the same representations of another embodiment of the same,

FIGS. 35 and 35a or 36 and 36a or 37 and 37a representations of three different double-faced elements,

38 and 39 side views of two modified versions of angle elements with a U-shaped bent legs,

AO shows a diagram of the element according to FIGS. 37 and 37a,

4t to 43 plan views during manufacture one. Column reinforcement cage made of angle elements,

Fig. 44 is the plan of a girder grating reinforcement,

45 is a side view of the formation of the cross winds of the reinforcement cage used a porter,

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ßAD ORIGINAL

Fig. 46 shows a section along the line 46-46 44 through the reinforcement in the formwork before inserting the missing parts,

47 shows a section similar to FIG. 46 through the finished reinforcement,

43 and 48a, respectively, side view and plan view of a loop element used in this case ,

Fig. 49 'is a diagram of a used Clamp element,

Fig. 50 and / or. 50a the side views of a

double-faced reinforcement element, the like

51 shows the reinforcement formed therefrom, FIGS. 52 to 55 side views of angle elements in the production of a wide reinforcement cage,

56 to 59 similar representations of reinforcement elements in the production of a Reinforcement for an I-beam,

60 is a side view of the finished reinforcement for this girder,

61 is a plan view of a different area reinforcement element,

Fig. 62 is a side view of a pair of such;

Elements when assembling the same, ™

63 shows the reinforcement formed in this way and its steel cross-section in side view,

Fig. 64 the same reinforcement with a larger span,

65 shows a plan view of a surface reinforcement formed from a pair of elements according to FIG. 61;

FIG. 66 shows an embodiment modified compared to FIG. 61 in plan view,

67 shows a side view of the element according to FIG. 66,

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68 shows a side view when forming a surface reinforcement from two elements according to FIG. 67,

69 the surface reinforcement formed in this way in a side view including the steel cross-section,

70 and 70a the reinforcement according to FIG. 69 in a plan view with two different spans,

Fig. 71 is a plan view of a reinforcement for a cross-reinforced plate including steel cross-sections in both dimensions,

72 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a reinforcement for a plate field and a girder,

Fig. 73 and / or. 73a plan views of a surface element for a rigid in two directions Reinforcement,

Fig. Jh and 74a the associated side views,

75 to 77 show the assembly process these elements in side view,

78 shows a pair of double-faced elements in side view,

79 to 81 show the process when they are assembled in a side view,

82 to 84 representations corresponding to FIGS. 79 to 81 in a modified embodiment and

85 and 85a and 85b show a plan view and FIGS. the associated side views for an element with a bevelled edge.

FIGS. 1 and 2 represent a possible embodiment of angular reinforcements V / 1 and V / 2 in grid M and with bar diameter 0. This consists of bent rods 1 and longitudinal rods 2, 2b, which are used as a holder for the rods 1 with these are connected at the crossing points, e.g. welded. The dashed line longitudinal

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SAD ORIGINAL

bar 2a can be built in or left out.

If you have two equal angle elements according to Fig. 1 and rotates one of them by 180 °, so that the horizontal legs of the two elements interlock, as shown in Fig. 3, until the rods 2b of the two Angle elements ¥ 1 and W 1a mutually put together, then you can move the angle elements in the direction of arrows Pf1 and Pf2 turn until the open reinforcement cage according to FIG. A results; from now on this open-

Reinforcement cage in the direction of arrows Pf 3 and |

Pf A rigid.

With the angle element ¥ 2 according to Fig. 2 can be proceeded in this way; but it can also be an angle element ¥ 1 can be combined with an element ¥ 2.

Fig.-5 shows a reinforcement element ¥ 3 according to Fig. 1 with the difference that the bar 2a has not been placed under the bars 1, but above. The assembly of two elements takes place as shown in FIG. 6, by letting the cantilevered rods 1 interlock until the two rods 2c butt _A and then rotating both elements in the direction of the arrows Pf 5 and Pf 6 ″ Arrows Pf 7 and Pf 8 rigid reinforcement cage according to Fig. 7. Fig. 7a is an exemplary embodiment of a coupling KA made of plastic or similar material, which at the same time serves as a spacer.

Summarizing the angle reinforcement elements WA, ¥ 5, ¥ 6 in a construction kit is shown in FIGS. 6, 9 and 10 as an example. the

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Developments according to FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 differ from those according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the longitudinal bars are not centered in the grid with the spacing M, but are connected on one side to üpp'.ijelbi'n. The angular shape V / ~ in Fig. 9 has a longer horizontal leg, namely the step of the extension with 0 ,. ^r> Ii has been assumed, but at the same time the conditions Lp = 21 ^ -e, where "e" means sticking length of the relevant rod, must be fulfilled.

IVr the horizontal legs of the angle element in Fig. 10 has been lengthened by a further 0.5 M, but this contains the condition L ^ - 2L - 3 = 4L, - Zn in order to be able to bridge all widths without gaps.

By assembling the angle elements according to FIGS. 5 to 10 with themselves and with one another, the open reinforcement cages according to FIGS. 14 to 19 result. The assembly of the angle element W4 according to FIG. 8 with itself results in widths of the open cage from 2.0 Vi to 2.5 M. Intermediate values can be achieved continuously by using clutches made of plastic or the like. .? ---, i-3 Fig. 24 can be used as supports. The combination of the active element W4 according to FIG. 8 with the element W5 according to FIG. 9 results in the widths 2.5 M to 3.0 M; that of the element W5 of FIG. 9 having itself widths of 3.0M to 3.5M, and so on.

This results in complete control of any width. But this is only possible if the next longitudinal dimension around AL = L-e, where e is the sticking length

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of steel bars etc. is graded.

Figs. 11, 12 and 13 show another embodiment of the angular reinforcement elements W7, WS and W9; are absent in this embodiment on one leg, which is vertical in the drawing, the longitudinal bars.

20 and 21 illustrate in an oblique view some embodiments of reinforcement - ' elements W in angular form. The stepped lengths of one leg in the embodiment according to FIG. 21 are intended to be used to be able to better adapt the torque curve. This gradation can be applied to any of those shown Angular reinforcement elements are executed. 22 is the schematic representation of the Winkelbev / ehrungseleraentes one of the embodiments already described, and FIG. 23 shows the schematic representation of a composite pair of angles to the open one already described Reinforcement cage.

As mentioned above, FIG. 24 is an embodiment for a support coupling which also plastic, hard rubber or the like. can be produced. By pressing in the eyelet K1

one of the rods 1 in the desired dimension, d

one reaches the support points with the help of the cross rod K2, around which the assembly of the individual elements is made possible by turning.

In order to be able to achieve the length of the used beam or the used support dif? Angular reinforcement elements in pairs in the desired width, as described, together in / res and then arranged one behind the other as shown in FIG is. one denotes the production length with L1

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of the angle elements, any length L can be used by laying one behind the other of η standard elements and a fitting piece with the length L1: m. This open basket the cross-section of which can be configured in detail according to FIG. 26 or FIG. 27, can be assembled either on the construction site or in the workshop. the supporting longitudinal rods 3 and A extending over the length L are made with the help of the spacers A1 and A2, which are also designed as connecting couplings, such as 28 and 29 can be seen in detail to assemble to the open basket, whereby this is held together.

Fig. 30 shows the assembly of two angular elements V / of the type of Fig. 11 to 13} are the elements here W9 of Fig. 13 adopted wordaa The assembly is done by the legs without longitudinal bars 1 inserted into one another and then both of the elements V, ^r 9 can be rotated in the direction of arrows Pf 9 and Pf 10 until the legs 1 of one element abut against the longitudinal rods 2 of the other element. Again, a rigid, open basket is formed, which has been illustrated in FIGS. 31 and 32; this basket does not deform even when pressure is applied in the direction of arrows Pf 11 or Pf 12.

For high girders and those for which the load-bearing reinforcement is at least partially prepared in the factory reinforcement ladders are provided as side parts of the reinforcement cage. Such a reinforcing ladder is shown in FIGS. 33 and 33a. The crossing bars 5,6 and 6a, respectively, are connected to one another at the crossing points, e.g. by welding. Of the

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BATH ORIGINAL

The support rod 7 is also connected to the rods 5.

Fig. 34 and 34a show a similar Bewehrun / rslei ter, with the difference that the rods 5 of the Fir ,. 33 have been replaced by a zigzag end Ptab 8.

In Fig. 35 and 35a is a reinforcement element D1 has been shown in the form of a double face. The U-shaped bent rods 10 are also at the intersection with the Longitudinal rods 9 connected.

36 is a variant embodiment |

of the element D1 shown in Fig. 35; In this element D2, the rods 10 have legs of equal length. Another feature of this embodiment is that the longitudinal bars 9 only on one side are arranged on the double bars 10, lying perpendicular to the plane on the outside thereof.

Another embodiment of an angle element D3 is obtained by arranging the longitudinal bars 9 on both sides of the bent double bars 10; as shown in Fig. 37 and 37a; Fig. 40 illustrates this embodiment in an oblique view D3. In the composition of the

It is sufficient if the longitudinal ™

rods of one section after the interlocking of the two elements, the transverse rods of the other Support part of the piece.

Mg. 38 represents a combined element K1 between an angular reinforcement W according to FIG. 21 and one of the double surfaces D1-D3. The rods 11 are formed in an angular shape and on one (right in the drawing) end of the leg bent. Of course you could bend it also perform at both ends of the legs.

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39 is a variant embodiment of an element K2 compared to K1 according to FIG. 38, with Extension of the bent 'leg and a different arrangement of the longitudinal bars 13 and

When producing a supporting reinforcement, e.g. with the partial reinforcement elements W3 according to Fig. 5, 4, the reinforcement cage ¥ 3,1, open at the top, is first formed, which is shown in Fig. 41 can be seen. Depending on the required length of the support, these elements are ¥ 3.1 in pairs attached to one another, as already explained with reference to FIG. The longitudinal bars 19 of the reinforcement are into the couplings A3, which are fixed on the elements ¥ 1, pressed.

Then the elements 178 according to FIG. 12 with attached longitudinal bars 20 are put together to form the reinforcement elements ¥ 8.1 and, as shown in FIG. 42, leaned against the bar 2 of the elements ¥ 3.1 with the bar 2b. The reinforcement cage according to FIG. 43 is obtained by rotating in the direction of the arrows Pf 13. Here, another embodiment of the spacers A4 is provided, which also serve as connecting couplings at the same time. You can change the position of the cross bars and longitudinal bars and thus build the assemblability in a different way, but on the same principle.

The support reinforcements assembled in this way are to be laid as is generally known. To For example, the girder reinforcement would have to be added to the supports, e.g. for a girder grating. This example has been chosen for the assembly of a very complicated reinforcement explain.

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BATH ORIGINAL

Yes

Tn Fig. 44 is a plan view of the grate structure shown. As usual, the formwork consists of a platform Pl. Dashed lines the dimensions of the support grid indicated, the distance between the supports Tr1 being the Dimensions L1, between the beams Tr2 the dimensions L2 has been assumed.

First, angle pairs are 2 V / the type Assembled according to FIG. 5 in the desired width and laid as shown in FIG. 49. For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that both the carrier Tr 1 and the carrier Tr 2 only need four bars 21, 22, 23 and 24 as field reinforcement, as indicated in Fig. 45, Couplings A4 are used to hold these rods. Further assembly can be made as desired and requirements are carried out differently.

It is initially assumed that the entire load-bearing reinforcement is to be laid on the construction site. After the reinforcement cage V /, v / as described above, has been divided up, conductor elements S according to FIG. 33 or 33a are placed as side parts, as shown in FIG. 45. The side parts used here are one grid unit higher than those in FIG. 33 and have no load-bearing reinforcement. The elements S are then turned up in the direction of the arrows Pf 14 and Pf 15 and thus secured in their position by the element shown in FIGS. 48 and 48a. The reinforcement cage according to Fig. 46 is thus formed. The side parts S must be grounded in such a way that the rods 6b remain below the lower edge of the plate. Then Perfol "t Plattenfeldbowfhrung the assembly of the F1, F2, air. · From above in the direction of arrows Pf 16

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is launched. A clip element Af according to FIG. 49 can be placed on top, which Couplings K is provided; the reinforcing bars 25 can then be inserted (Fig. 47), and finally the negative slab reinforcement, v / o in the direction of the arrow Pf 17, is attached, which can be carried out according to FIGS. 30 to 32 and at the same time the honor basket of the carrier closes in the plate area, in which the assembly is completed. The final Execution can be seen in FIG. 47.

But you can also use the reinforcement

™ at the factory on the side parts according to Fig. 33 or attach 34.

In this case, the load-bearing reinforcement can be carried out partly at the factory and partly on the sun Construction site to be assembled. It is still there in the event of torsion or strong shear loads possible to make the side parts S from assembled elements according to FIGS. 50 and 50a. Use is made here of elements similar to those shown in FIGS. 35-37. Several such elements are arranged side by side, connected to the support rod 23 and form

fe the first folded part S1 (Fig. 50). The torsion reinforcement 29, 29a is by means of Couplings or arranged in another way. The counterparts 52 of FIG. 50a are in the direction of arrow Pf 13 are collapsed and ultimately result in the direction of arrow 19 slidable closed partial reinforcement cage T according to Fig. 51. Ss is especially on it pointed out that there are no longitudinal bars in the upper area 0 of the reinforcement cage. The Ver-

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BATH ORIGINAL

The height of the beam can be moved within one Stage of the modular system indicated by AL in FIG. 50a; "e" is the length of the stick. Should the torsion reinforcement 29 a by means of the rod 10 be at the side part S2, the merging of parts S1 and S2 must be done in such a way that one the part S2 moves in the direction of arrow Pf 19, then touches down on ST and in the direction the arrow Pf 20 pushes together to the desired length L. Those trained in this way Side parts can be attached to the lower reinforcement cage in the same way as shown in Fig. 45, Put on in the direction of arrows 14 and 15 and turn the rest of the way up as in Fig. 50, and 52 run.

In Figs. 52 to 55 there is an example for the formation of a load-bearing reinforcement from four V / angle elements W9 according to the type of FIG. 13 given. As can be seen from Fig. 52, two such elements are until they stop their Rods 2b pushed together and then brought into the position shown in FIG. 53, so that an open reinforcement cage results. A second, identical basket is now formed and, as shown in Fig. 54, similar to the previous process with the first basket pushed together until the bars "™ 2 touch each other; then the rods 1 are rotated with their longer legs in a common horizontal plane, so that the reinforcement cage is placed according to Fig. 55 is obtained.

As a further example, the reinforcement for an I-beam is to be carried out according to FIGS. 56 to 59 will.

For the flange parts, as can be seen from Fig. 56, a pair of angle elements according to Art

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39, so that the arrangement shown in FIG. 57 results. Becomes analog to produce the lower flange part proceed as shown in FIG. 59; here the necessary supporting rods 29 are also inserted. The bridge part is in this Example formed from double-faced elements according to FIGS. 37 and 37a, and these three Partial reinforcement elements are then pushed vertically into one another in the direction of arrows Pf 21 and Pf 22, so that the final shape of the Reinforcement in the support profile according to Fig. 60 results.

These figures and examples clearly show that other reinforcements any cross-section can be assembled.

For field reinforcements of plates in reinforced concrete construction can also be used in the context of the invention Mesh parts as partial reinforcement elements produce that are rigid in at least one direction after being paired together are.

Such a matt element M1 is shown in plan in FIG. 61. It consists of longitudinal bars 31 and 32, which are formed alternately of different lengths, and cross bars 33, which extend at right angles to the longitudinal bars on its underside, but only about about 0.6 of the length L of the same, and are connected to them, z.3. by welding. So have the free ends of the rods 31 and 32 have a length of 0.4 and 0.3 L. With M is again the Grid division and with e denotes the sticking length; e, | means e / 2, i.e. half the half length.

As can be seen, the transverse bars 33 protrude above the outermost longitudinal bars by e *; the longitudinal bars

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31, 32 protrude beyond that on the far left in FIG. 61 lying cross bar 33 to e.

As is apparent from Fig. 62, to 61 obtained by telescoping two elements M1, M2 in FIG. At an angle to each other until mutual abutment of the cross bars 53 ^a and by subsequently twisting the arrow meaning Pf which can be seen in Fig. 63 box reinforcement 23 of the shortest Support width L1, which is rigid in the direction of the arrow Pf 24. By pushing away the element M2 in the direction of the arrow Pf 25, you can get to the maximum support width L2, which corresponds to a level of the construction kit.

Within this stage, by moving the mat parts against each other, each any span between L1 and L2 can be obtained, such as one in the plan view according to Fig. 65 dargestel-.lt is.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 66 to 70a differs from that according to FIGS. 61 to 65 only in that the cross bars 33 of the mat ~ part M3 at the upper end in Fig. 66 does not protrude by e .., but by the adhesive length e, and

that they do not d at the top, but the UN

underside of the longitudinal bars 31, 32 are arranged. From this it follows, as shown in -Fig. 70 and 71 can be seen becomes, an outline of the two nested one inside the other to be circumscribed exactly in a rectangle Mat parts, both in terms of the span n.M according to Fig. 70 as well as with that n.M + ^ \ according to Fig. 70a ..

■ With such area reinforcement elements according to Fig. 61 and 65 you can also use reinforcements assemble for cross-reinforced slabs,

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as shown schematically in FIG. 71. You only need two pairs at a time of nested mat parts M1, M2 or, M3, M4 to be arranged side by side and two Lay further pairs of mats on top of them offset by 90 °. The arrangement is made in such a way that that in the lowest level the support rods of the first pair and the longitudinal rods of the second Pair and the transverse distributors of the second pair are in the top level (Fig. 71).

Any other reinforcement can also be used with the modular system in the sense of the invention put together; as a further example, a reinforcement for a plate field with subsequent cage of a girder including negative nozzle reinforcement illustrated, in this Figure in each case rigidly connected partial reinforcement elements alternating in white or are marked in black. From a double-faced element D according to the type Starting from FIG. 50 at the left edge, this is done with the mat part 143 according to FIG corresponding mat part MA, this with the angle element W according to the type of Flg. 3, this one again with a conductor element L in the manner of FIG. 33, etc. assembled.

In some cases it can also be desirable that two connected partial reinforcement elements are rigidly connected not only in one but in two directions.

According to a further feature of the invention, this can be done in the case of mat parts M5, Μβ according to FIG. 73 and 73a take place, for example, that of the longitudinal rods 31, for example, the two outermost 3A a bend 35 received, in the direction of the required connection and the or the neighboring

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BATH ORIGINAL

Cross bars 33. As can be seen in Fig. 74 and 74a, this bend 35 takes place here, after the cross bars 33 are on top, also ■ after the top. The process of piecing together is basically the same as with "the already." Embodiments described and in the figures 75 and 76 shown. It is essential here, however, that after that shown in FIG Position a movement in the direction of the arrows Pf 26 is connected, as long as until the cross bars 33a adjacent to one another in FIG. 76 separate to such an extent that the into the bends assigned to them have occurred. This means that one is rigid in two planes "

Area reinforcement .

An analogous training can also be used for the double-faced elements with U-shaped curved elements Longitudinal rods are made in the manner of FIGS. 36 and 36a. As can be seen from FIGS. 78 to 81 and 82 to 84, Here, too, bends 35 can be made, in the case of the configuration according to FIG. 78, inward in the case of the latter 82 lying outwards.

If components with sloping edges are to be reinforced, the mat parts can also be provided with a corresponding bevel. An example of this is shown in FIG. 85 | the mat | Part M7 is provided here with U-shaped bent longitudinal bars 36 which constantly increase from one end (Fig. 85a) to the opposite end (Fig, 85b).

Numerous other modifications to those described are within the scope of the invention Embodiments possible.

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Claims (19)

Patent claims: 1., reinforcement, characterized in that the reinforcement elements in planar and / or angular form in pairs by interlocking in a non-positive connection to self-supporting, rigid at least in one direction Reinforcements of any shape can be combined. 2. Reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that that when two reinforcement elements mesh, the longitudinal and transverse bars of the one reinforcement element supports the transverse and longitudinal bars of the other reinforcement element, so that you can combine both elements to form a rigid area or cage reinforcement. 3. Reinforcement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after the union of two or more reinforcement elements, the longitudinal bars in a common plane and the transverse bars lie in an adjacent plane. A. Reinforcement element for the reinforcement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that it consists of U-shaped bent rods with legs of equal or different length and transverse distributors, the Cu distributors in one plane lie and the bent rods extend in planes perpendicular to the plane of the transverse distributors. (Figs. 35 and 36) 5. reinforcement element according to claim A, characterized in that the transverse distributors in the curved , Rods with legs of equal length on the outside of one leg of the same (Fig. 35) - 20 109824/1218 BATH ORIGINAL and in those with legs of different lengths on the inside of the long leg (Fig. 50) are arranged. 6. Reinforcement element according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bent rods with their bent end parts to different extents, preferably constantly increasing, over the transverse distributors protrude (Fig. 85). 7. Reinforcement element according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the transverse manifold are arranged on both sides of the bent rods in two planes. (Fig. 37). 8. Reinforcement element according to one of the claims 4 to 7, characterized by coupling links to form the axes around which the reinforcement elements can be rotated (Figs. 7, 24, 28, 29). 9v reinforcement element according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that with angle elements the longitudinal bars are arranged on both legs at a distance from the bending point (Fig. 5-7,21). TO. Reinforcement element according to one of Claims 4 to 8, characterized in that in the case of angle elements the longitudinal bars are only arranged on one leg (Fig. 11-13, 30-32). 11. Reinforcement element according to claim 9 or 1ö, ä characterized in that at least one end of the leg is bent over like a loop (Fig. 38,39). 12. Reinforcement element for the reinforcement according to one of Claims 1 to 3, consisting of a right-angled latticework, characterized in that the supporting rods are connected only over a part, preferably about 60% of their length by transverse distributors. (Fig. 61,66) 13. Reinforcement element according to claim 12, characterized characterized in that the support rods at their - 21 10 9 8 2 4/1218 si free ends are alternately shortened, preferably by about 10% of their length. 14. Reinforcement element according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the cross distributors the outermost longitudinal bars and half the adhesive length of the transverse distributors protrude » the longitudinal bars the last transverse distributor on the other hand protrude by the full length of the length of the longitudinal rods (Fig. 61) 15. Reinforcement element for reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by at least two parallel longitudinal rods, which are connected by a transverse distributor in Zigzag course are connected (Fig.34). 16. Reinforcement for a cross-reinforced slab, made of reinforcement elements according to one of the Claims 12 to 15, characterized in that they consist of at least two right-hand r angularly arranged pairs of interlocking reinforcement elements, where in on the lowest level the supporting rods of the first pair, in a middle level the transverse distributors of the first pair and the longitudinal bars of the second pair and in the top level the Cross distributors of the second pair are located (Fig. 71). 17. Reinforcement according to one of the claims 1 to 3, or 16, characterized in that the frictionally interlocking Elements can be displaced relative to one another by at least one grid unit in at least one rod direction are. 18. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 3, or 16, 17, characterized in that for the production of one rigid in two directions - 22 - 109824/1218 Reinforcement at least two, preferably the two outermost longitudinal bars of a partial reinforcement element are bent in the direction of the adjacent cross bar (Fig. 73 to 84) 19. A method for assembling a reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 3, and 16 to 19 _r, characterized in that the two partial reinforcement elements are pushed into one another at an angle to each other until their transverse bars lie against one another, and the partial reinforcement elements in a plane common to their longitudinal bars and rotates at most distant from each other. f 10 9 8 2 4/1218 Vi Blank page