DE20212484U1 - transformer station - Google Patents

Description

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EUROPEAN PATENT AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS

Application for registration of a utility model

(31) Priority Application Number:

(32) Priority Date:

(33) Priority Country:

Our reference: MÜ186DE7 H/mü

(54) Title:

Transformer station

(71) Applicant:

Betonbau GmbH Schwetzinger Str. 22-26

68753 Waghäusel Germany

(74) Representative / Agent:

Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard F. Hiebsch

Dipl.-Ing. Dr. oec. Niels Behrmann NI.B.A. (NY)

Heinrich-Weber-Platz 1 78224 Singen

Verbal agreements require written confirmation to be valid. . ·"*:!!* P«^^i jri*h*ae)*e^Entrance: ff'eiljeiiflrcjßeT..* '. . I I *!

MÜ186DE7

TRANSFORMER STATION

The invention relates to a transformer station with a transformer room for at least one transformer, with at least one medium-voltage switchgear and a low-voltage distribution in a monolithic cuboid-shaped cast structure having walls and a base plate connecting them, in which at least one of the walls is assigned a ventilator door and the transformer room is defined on the one hand by external walls of the structure and on the other hand by at least one internal wall -- with an upper edge preferably running approximately at the height of the door sill or door sill edge.

Transformer or substations usually consist of a cuboid-shaped structure, cast monolithically from walls and a base plate, which is placed on the edge of the lawn -- or with its lower part set into the ground -- and covered with a concrete slab as a roof. According to DE-U-83 34 221.4, this defines a ventilation slot with building walls. Sill-like webs are cast parallel to the base plate, two of which form a support element for the transformer and another forms a wall for an oil pan that grips underneath it. A fourth sill is arranged outside of this as a support for switch cabinets or similar fittings.

DE-U-88 04 820 offers another type of ventilation. According to its disclosure, the front wall of a monolithically formed switching station is formed by a two-winged fan door with horizontal air slots. These air slots are provided between inclined door strips fixed to the ends of a frame.

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DE-U-92 06 780 has disclosed a ventilator door with a door leaf formed by slats, in which the slats determine the depth of the ventilator door by means of flat front and back sections and two adjacent slats -- by means of cross-sectional parts angled from the front and back sections -- delimit meandering flow paths.

In order to create particularly good ventilation and inspection possibilities in such a station, DE 100 08 727 A1 proposes the transformer station described at the beginning with a transformer room defined on the one hand by external walls and on the other by an internal wall, with the medium-voltage and low-voltage parts being enclosed by the internal wall; this internal wall consists of a wall section running parallel to the front wall of the building and a part at right angles to both, which only slightly projects laterally beyond the parallel wall described above; there are preferably three intermediate walls, the middle of which - as mentioned - starts from the front wall and runs approximately parallel to the side walls; its upper edge is provided at approximately the height of the door sill - or below it.

Based on this state of the art, the inventor set himself the goal of making such a transformer station arc-safe for both the operator (accessibility level A according to IEC 1330) and passers-by (accessibility level B according to IEC 1330), even when an SF6-insulated, metal-encapsulated switchgear is used. These SF6-insulated, metal-encapsulated switchgear all have downward-facing pressure relief devices that respond via bursting discs after a certain start-up time of the arc fault, burst and expel the hot gases and the pressure wave into the station.

MÜ186DE7

According to the invention, an intermediate floor with a relatively large clear width is detachably secured to laterally arranged profiles of the transformer station and is designed to be secured against the passage of gases and against bending deformation. For this purpose, strip-like sections of the intermediate floor have proven to be advantageous, the adjacent longitudinal edges of which are each overlaid by associated profiles which firmly connect the strip sections adjacent to them.

It is important that a sufficiently dimensioned pressure relief cross-section is arranged between the medium-voltage system, the intermediate floor and the inner wall or the rear wall of the transformer station as a passage cross-section for the hot gases to flow out to pressure relief openings in the fan door and that the intermediate floor is pressure-tightly locked on both sides over the tensioned length.

The arc fault protection was achieved by providing the removable intermediate floor for cable installation with a - required for four switch panels of the MV system
fairly large clear width of about 1,250 mm is attached to the right and left and the joints of the strip sections designed as wooden panels are covered by covering wooden profiles screwed on from below to prevent the penetration of hot gases, which also have the task of significantly reducing both the downward deflection of the floor when loaded from above and the upward deflection -- in the event of a short circuit.

According to the invention, the wooden intermediate floor panels are inserted and held in a U-rail on the one hand and are screwed to an L-angle on the other side with screws - at least two M 8 screws per panel - which can be removed; the latter is attached to one of the sleeper-like

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The last wooden panel in front of the MS system covers the intermediate floor up to the oil pan wall.

According to the invention, the switchgear is placed in the corner of the room cell without any gap and is screwed to its floor frame at the bottom right on an angle profile screwed to the wall and on the left on a frame made of square tube and is thus connected to the room cell in a force-fitting manner.

The pressure relief first takes place in the cable cellar, so that the hot gases take up space beneath the wooden intermediate floor and beneath the switchgear, then the pressure wave from the free passage cross-section between the intermediate floor cover and the MV system and the transformer trough fins reaches the pressure relief openings in one of the door leaves and passes the cooling fins of the transformer; the hot gases are cooled further before they escape to the outside between the fan fins. The arrangement and construction described above is suitable for meeting pedestrian safety requirements - accessibility level B - for 16 kA current loading for 1 s when the doors are closed.

According to the invention, for larger short-circuit currents (e.g. 20 kA), either vertical cooling grids are arranged in an L shape in the cable cellar, which are expediently sunk into U-rails and become effective before the hot gases escape into the above-mentioned free passage cross-section, or by a horizontal cooling grid that is stretched over the passage cross-section of the cable cellar that acts as a pressure relief opening.

MÜ186DE7

To ensure arc fault safety for the operator, a sheet of metal is stretched between the low voltage and medium voltage at a height of up to 1.80 m, with the wooden intermediate floor being of the same construction. This sheet prevents the hot gases from entering the control room when the door is open, but rather is deflected by the sheet and escapes to the outside via the pressure relief openings in the left-hand door leaf (accessibility level A); the operator standing by the MV system is thus not endangered.

MÜ186DE7

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing, which shows in:

Fig. 1 the front view of a cuboid-shaped switching station with a double-leaf front door and a roof plate running over the latter;

Fig. 2 Fig. 3 the top view of the front door;

the horizontal section through the front door along line III-III of Fig.2;

Fig. 4,5:

Fig.6: a longitudinal section through a wing of the front door according to line IV-IV or V-V of Fig. 2;

the enlarged front view of a door lock for the front door compared to Fig. 1, 2;

Fig. 7: Fig. 8, 9: the top view of Fig. 6;

a longitudinal section through a door hinge or a frame hinge for the front door;

Fig. 10: an oblique view of the roof plate of the switching station;

Fig. 11: a partial section through an edge region of the roof panel, enlarged compared to Fig. 10;

Fig. 12: the top view of the roof panel;

MÜ186DE7

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Fig. 13:

a horizontal section through the switching station without hinged doors;

Fig. 14 to

Fig. 16: corresponding to lines XIV-XIV,

XV-XV and XVI-XVI of Fig. 13 show vertical sections through the switching station;

Fig. 17:

an enlarged partial section of Fig. 13 along the line XVII-XVII;

Fig. 18:

the sketchy top view of a grounding anchor;

Fig. 19:

a horizontal section through the switching station with transformer and MV system;

Fig. 20 to 22: each a vertical section through

Fig. 19 along the lines XX-XX, XXI-XXI and XXII-XII;

Fig. 23:

a horizontal section close to the ground through part of a switching station with an intermediate floor;

Fig. 24, 25: a vertical section through

the lower part of the switching station according to line XXIV or XXV of Fig. 23;

Fig. 26, 27: -Top views of a bulkhead plate

according to arrows XXVI and XXVII of Fig. 27;

MÜ186DE7

Fig. 28: the cross section of the bulkhead plate

according to Fig. 25, 26 in position of use.

A switching station 10 has a cuboid-like housing body 12 with a height h of approximately 2,500 mm with a base plate 14, onto which two side walls 15, a rear wall 16 and a front strip 18 are cast monolithically as a threshold-like addition for a two-wing front or ventilation door 20. This front strip 18 with a height h ₂ of slightly more than 500 mm determines the burial depth of the switching station 10; the threshold area of the front door 20 runs slightly above the lawn edge B of a storage floor.

The switching station 10 with an example length of about 3,000 mm, a width b of here 2,200 mm and a height hi of about 2,350 mm visible above the lawn edge B has a roof plate 60 - resting on the upper edges 17 of the three mutually perpendicular walls 15, 16 - spanning the front door 20 like a lintel and serves to accommodate a transformer 11 indicated in Fig. 19 to 22 that can be moved on rollers up to 1,000 kVA, usually 630 kVA, whereby transformer rails not visible in Fig. 1 are designed as monolithically formed ribs with sheet steel covering as a running surface, as shown in Fig. 13 to 16, 19 to 22. It can also be seen that a low-voltage distribution (LV) and a medium-voltage switchgear (MV) 100 in the station 10 are arranged at right angles to each other.

The left wing 22 of the front door 20 in Fig. 1, 2 is provided with four slat-like horizontal profiles 26 on the ridge part and on the bottom part of a wing frame 24, which delimit ventilation slots 28. Between the areas of the horizontal profiles 26 there is a closed door leaf 30 in the door leaf 22. The other door leaf 22 _a

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consists within that sash frame 24 as a whole of such a closed door leaf 30, in the middle of the height of which a narrow door handle 40 is provided near the beam.

The door leaves 22, _22a are fixed by means of hinges 32 to a rectangular door frame 34 of length ai of 2,780 mm and height e of 1,975 mm made of frame profiles; between the door leaves 22, _22a there runs a vertical beam 36 of clear width bi of 120 mm with an emergency power inlet 38 close to the floor.

The door handle 40 projects vertically upwards in the closed position of the lock 42 shown in Fig. 6, 7; in this position, two lock bolts 48 -- vertically adjustable on locking arms 47 -- engage in stationary receiving holes (not shown), as does a lock bolt _48a projecting horizontally from a front plate 43 of length ii of 290 mm of the lock case 44 of side length i of approximately 170 mm. The stroke length q of the lock bolts 48 measures 15 mm.

The vertical and horizontal center distance η of the handle axis 41 from the lower lock wall 45 _t and from the front plate 43 measures approximately 120 mm, ie the length of the distance ni of the handle axis 41 from the upper lock wall 44 corresponds to the distance n2 from the rear plate 43 _h .

Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal section through a door hinge 32, Fig. 9 through a frame hinge 33 of a profile height of 60 mm (not shown) of the aluminum profile used for this purpose. The door hinge 32 known from DE 43 07 478 Al of the applicant contains a circular opening 50 in a sleeve-like eyelet section 49.
Diameter d of 12 mm -- for a door hinge bolt made of stainless steel and a wing-like hinge arm 52 which is connected at an angle to the eyelet section 49 and has a total length k of 90 mm and a thickness ei of 13 mm.

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The length ki of the frame hinge 33 of Fig. 9 measures only 56 mm, and on its eyelet section 49 a short angle arm

54, which defines a U-shaped groove 55 with the eyelet section 49. Two axially parallel ribs are formed from the outer surface of the frame band 33 opposite the deepest part of the groove at a distance k3 of 20 mm.

55 is formed; an inclined desk plane 57 of the frame band 33 is attached to the right rib 55 in Fig. 9.

Figures 10 to 12 illustrate the design of the rectangular roof panel 60 with a length a2 of 3,000 mm, a width b ₂ of approximately 2,500 mm and a thickness e ₂ at the outer edge 62 of 10 mm. This roof panel 60 has a roof surface -- starting from the edge or outer edge 62 -- made up of trapezoidal pent surfaces 64, the inclined diagonal or side edges 65 of which are determined by the panel diagonals. The latter also provide the boundaries for a central dome 66 with a rectangular plan and triangular roof surfaces 67 that continue the pent surfaces 64 -- which are themselves inclined; the tips of these triangular surfaces 67 meet at the panel center Z. The dome 66 is surrounded by a frame-like step 68, which merges into the pent surfaces 64 that slope down from it.

The longitudinal sectional shape of the edge or outer edge 62 of the roof panel 60 is evident from Fig. 11, where a circumferential groove 71 as well as steps 72 in the longitudinal section and also the flat angle of inclination w of the sloping surfaces 64 can be seen on the lower surface 70 thereof.

This station design therefore contains a tent-like roof panel 60 without all-round ventilation and without a roof drainage channel, where the rainwater runs off on all sides. The supply and exhaust air flows through the left door leaf 22, which does not have its own lock, but is locked with the help of bolts 37 (Fig. 2) that can be inserted through the vertical or central beam 36 from the inside of the interior door hinges on the other side. These cannot be removed.

MÜ186DE7

to ensure that when the right door leaf 22 _a is closed, the left door leaf 22 must also be closed.

The horizontal section of Fig. 13 through the housing body 12 comprising the base plate 14, side and rear walls 15, 16 and the front strip 18 -- all of which have an essentially equal thickness ζ of 100 mm -- is set above the upper or threshold edge 19 of the front strip 18 and reveals two threshold-like transverse ribs 74 at a center distance i ₂ (approximately 60 mm) from one another, parallel to the side walls 15 and to a transformer trough or inner wall 76; the latter delimits an oil pan 73 which engages beneath the transformer 11, and its upper edge 77 runs at the level of that threshold edge 19 and a base edge 19 _a provided on the rear and side walls 16, 15. The two sleeper-like transverse ribs 74, on the other hand, are of lower height h ₃ , but their upper edges with the steel sheet covering 75 resting on them merge in the vicinity of the front strip 18 into an inclined edge 75 _a ending at the sleeper edge 19 thereof (Fig. 14, 16).

A connecting rib 78, which is L-shaped when viewed from above, is formed on the inner wall 76 in the area near the threshold. Between the latter and the inner wall 76, which is designed to extend to approximately the middle of the station, a shaft 80 for the low-voltage cables is created, which tapers downwards in cross-section and continues upwards in a watertight manner through a floor slot 82 as an opening in the floor slab 14 of the station 10. The cross-sections of the cross ribs 74 of the inner wall 76 formed on the floor slab 14 and of the connecting rib 78 taper upwards from the floor slab 14 for formwork reasons.

In Fig. 1, 16, a cable duct 84 for medium-voltage cables is provided in the front strip 18, which -- according to Fig. 17 slightly diagonally outwards and downwards -- is concreted into the lower end of a medium-voltage cable cellar 94.

MÜ186DE7

In addition to the cable feedthrough 84, a grounding feedthrough (not shown) is provided, as well as a groove 86 of triangular cross-section in the surface of the base plate 14 in front of the cable feedthrough 84 for better handling of the cables.

According to Fig. 18, an earthing anchor 90 used in this transformer station 10 consists of a stainless steel threaded tube 88 with a length qi of 80 mm and a diameter of about 30 mm with a radial rod 89 with a length q2 of 500 mm crossing its axis; to both ends of which lateral reinforcement supports 91 are welded at 92.

From Fig. 19 to 21 it can be seen that an SF6-insulated metal-encapsulated MV switchgear 100 is located in the transformer station 10; this has downward-facing pressure reliefs which respond via bursting discs after a certain start-up time of an arc fault, burst and expel the hot gases and the pressure wave into the transformer station 10. In order to make the latter arc-safe for both the operator (accessibility level A according to IEC 1330) and passers-by (accessibility level B according to IEC 1330), an intermediate floor 102, shown in Fig. 19 to 25, which can be removed for cable installation and has a fairly large clear width t of approximately 1,250 mm -- required for four switch panels of an MV system 100 -- is attached to the right and left. The joints of the three wooden panels 99 that are still loadable are covered by covered wooden parts that are unscrewed from below to prevent hot gases from penetrating. These also have the task of significantly reducing both the downward deflection of the intermediate floor 102 - when the load is upward - and the upward deflection in the event of a short circuit. The wooden panels 104 of the intermediate floor 102 are - see Fig. 24 on the right - pushed into a U-rail 108 and held in place and on the left each fixed with screws 110 - at least two such M 8 screws per wooden panel 104 - to an angle profile or L-angle 112.

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which is attached to the connection rib 78. The last wooden plate 104 in front of the MV system 100 covers the intermediate floor 102 up to the transformer trough or inner wall 76. The MV switchgear 100 is placed in the corner of the room cell without any clearance as shown in Fig. 19, 23 and is screwed to its bottom frame on the one hand to an L-angle _112a screwed to the side wall 15 and on the other hand to a frame 114 made of square tube and is thus connected in a force-fitting manner to the room cell or the housing body 12.

From Fig. 21, 22, a frame 98 is shown which rests on the upper edges 77, 79 of the transverse wall 76 and the connecting rib 78 and carries the LV low-voltage distribution 96.

The pressure relief first takes place in the cable cellar 94 so that the hot gases take up space below the wooden intermediate floor 102 and below the switchgear 100, then the pressure wave from the free passage cross-section between the intermediate floor cover 102 and the MV system 100 and the inner or transformer trough wall 76 moves upwards to the pressure relief openings 28 in the left door leaf _22a . In doing so, it passes the cooling fins of the transformer 11 so that the hot gases are cooled further before they escape to the outside between the fan blades 26. The described arrangement and construction is suitable for meeting the pedestrian safety (accessibility level B) for 16 kA current loading for 1 s when the door 20 is closed.

For larger short-circuit currents (e.g. 20 kA), there are either vertical cooling grids arranged in an L shape in the cable cellar 94, which are conveniently sunk into U-rails and become effective before the hot gases escape into the above-mentioned free passage cross-section, or by a horizontal cooling grid, stretched over the passage cross-section of the cable cellar 94, which acts as a pressure relief opening.

MÜ186DE7

To ensure arc fault safety for the operator, a steel partition plate 116, as shown in Fig. 26 to 28, is stretched to a height of up to approximately 1,800 mm between the low-voltage distribution 96 and the medium-voltage switchgear 100, with the same construction of the wooden intermediate floor 102. This plate 116 prevents hot gases from entering the control room when the right-hand door 22 is open; these are deflected by the plate 116 and reach the outside via the pressure relief openings 28 of the left-hand door 22 (accessibility level A); they therefore do not endanger the operator standing by the MV system 100.

The bulkhead plate 116, made of a steel plate with a length y of approximately 1,700 mm and a width ti of approximately 70 mm, offers a gallery of holes 116 for M8 screw connections on each of its longitudinal edges 115. These connect the bulkhead plate 116 to angle plates 120, 120 _a , which on the other hand are assigned to the LV distribution 96 or the MV system 100.

In the installation position according to Fig. 28 with an inclination angle W ₁ of the bulkhead plate 116 of approximately 30°, free projection widths t ₂ and t ₃ of 60 mm and 33 mm, respectively, result between the LV distribution 96 and the MV system 100.

Claims (7)

1. Transformer station ( 10 ) with a transformer room for at least one transformer ( 11 ), with at least one medium-voltage switchgear ( 100 ) and a low-voltage distribution ( 96 ) in a monolithic, cuboid-shaped cast structure ( 12 ) having walls ( 15 , 16 , 18 ) and a base plate ( 14 ) connecting them, in which at least one of the walls ( 18 ) is assigned a ventilator door ( 20 ) and the transformer room is defined on the one hand by outer walls ( 16 , 18 ) of the structure ( 12 ) and on the other hand by at least one inner wall ( 76 ), the upper edge ( 77 ) of which preferably runs approximately at the height of the door sill ( 19 ), characterized in that an intermediate floor ( 102 ) of relatively large clear width (t) is attached to laterally arranged profiles ( 108 , 112 ) of the transformer station ( 10 ) is detachably fixed and is protected against the passage of gases and against bending deformation. 2. Transformer station according to claim 1, characterized by strip-like sections ( 104 ) of the intermediate floor ( 102 ), the adjacent longitudinal edges ( 103 ) of which are each superimposed by associated profiles ( 106 ). 3. Transformer station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sufficiently dimensioned passage cross-section for the hot gases to flow out to pressure relief openings ( 28 ) of the fan door ( 20 ) is arranged between the medium-voltage system ( 100 ), the intermediate floor ( 102 ) and the inner wall ( 76 ) or the rear wall ( 16 ) of the transformer station ( 10 ), and that the intermediate floor ( 102 ) is pressure-tightly locked on both sides over the tensioned length. 4. Transformer station according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the switchgear ( 100 ) is placed in a corner of a room cell and is connected to the room cell ( 12 ) in a force-fitting manner. 5. Transformer station according to claim 4, characterized in that the switchgear ( 100 ) is fixed on a frame ( 114 ) and is connected to the adjacent wall(s) ( 15 , 16 ) by at least one angle profile ( 112 ). 6. Transformer station according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the fan door ( 20 ) is equipped with two door leaves ( 22 , 22a ) and one of these is provided with the pressure relief openings ( 28 ). 7. Transformer station according to claim 6, characterized in that the wing ( 22 ) having the pressure relief openings ( 28 ) is fixed to the door frame ( 34 ) or a central beam ( 36 ) connected thereto by means of bolts ( 37 ) or similar fixing elements.