DE19716556C1 - Window or door frame insulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The frame cladding (1) system, for thermal insulation of windows and doors, has a decorate weather shell (21) parallel to the outer side of the frame. It has a side shell (23) gripping round the swing frame leg (14), diverging on the direction of the insulation glass sealing (24), with a projecting sealing lip (25) extruded on to the glass sealing (24). A polyurethane foam insulation (16) is up to the height of the sealing lip as a filling with a structured or flat geometry. The trailing side (19) of the foam insulation is bonded by an adhesive to the weather side (17) of the frame profile (9). The frame cladding is anchored in the window jamb with a joint seal of durable elasticity between the window structure and the weather shell. The frame profile or frame leg (14) are of plastics compositions and preferably polyvinyl chloride and a polyurethane foam insulation (16). The weather shell (21) is of metal.

Description

The invention relates to a frame covering on the outside for heat insulation Windows and doors with fixed to be inserted in openings of walls Frame and windows or doors with pivoting when opening and closing Casement, which is a frame profile made of plastic wood or metal and a Have interior glazing shielding against weather, heat or noise, which is fixed with an insulating glass seal in the fixed or swivel frame and is sealed.

A large number of proposals have already been made for the thermal insulation of windows, which amount to providing existing window frames with additional thermal insulation made of polyurethane. Windows of this type, which can have highly insulating double glazing filled with xenon gas, for example, should have a very low heat transfer coefficient, which must not exceed a K value of 0.5 W / m ² K. Here, a highly heat-insulating glazing has a K value of 0.4 W / m ² K, so that the major part of the heat losses is dependent on the window frame.

In order to reduce the heat transfer coefficient for a window frame that can cover 20 to 30% of the area of the wall opening, considerable efforts and constructional expenditure are required. In DE Offenlegungsschrift 25 21 875 A1, DE Offenlegungsschrift 20 60 830 A1 and subsequently in Passive House Report No. 7, Institut Wohnen und Umwelt GmbH, 1st edition, December 1994, the intention was for a window with a window frame made of extruded metal profiles, or of wood, after glazing to cover the inside of the frame with a decorative thermal insulation shell made of foamed polyurethane, which has a heat loss factor of 0.2 W / m ² K. Such interior insulation shells attached to the interior could not prevail in practice because they cannot prevent heat conduction in the frame components and the formation of condensation. Separate foaming tools are also required for the production of molded polyurethane parts, which place high demands on dimensional accuracy and surface quality. If the inside of the window sash is to be designed to be visually appealing, for example a wood grain, galvanoforms are required for the foaming tools in order to produce the desired surface. The manufacture of window frames is considerably more expensive in this way.

Instead of an inner lining with thermal insulation made of polyurethane same composite profiles are used in which the frame, as in the PCT 94/25716 or European patent application 733 765 A1, from one extruded metal profile and the inside covered with a wooden part shall be. The wood cladding, which has low thermal insulation, is based based on previous knowledge and experience in the use of metals and Plastic has been made in window construction. Especially when using colored plastics has been shown to be used inexpensively by Extrusion producible profiles from PVC in solar radiation and in extreme cold high long-term use are not sufficient.

Colored plastics generally have a high coefficient of expansion especially in the case of dark colored casements and strong sunlight leaky windows. Bright plastics, on the other hand, turn yellow very easily.

Aluminum profiles for casements can be very slim due to their high rigidity getting produced. Windows with aluminum frames are still absolutely weatherproof and can also be produced in almost any color. Aluminum feels like a material however subjectively cold on and is therefore perceived as unusual. This is especially true for the aluminum frame side lying in the living area. Aluminum is also strong thermally conductive. Windows with aluminum frames therefore often do not achieve those for you effective thermal protection desired values.

To combine the advantages of wood and aluminum in particular, in European patent application 750 089 A1 for the inside of the casement removable frame with floating spring clips proposed to Radiate cosiness and warmth and the required tolerances to ensure different thermal expansion. It is understood that at  floating arrangement only a comparatively low thermal insulation of the strong heat-conducting aluminum is achievable. The heat conduction of the frame material it is also understandable that the foaming of those present in a frame profile Cavities in thermal insulation can not lead to the desired success.

As can be seen from DE publication 23 14 303, one consists of polyurethane foamed frame for windows, doors or the like the need that the Polyurethane foam covering masking film made in the exemplary embodiment Aluminum is built up in the area of the rebate and the disc bed or to interrupt the reveal side so that none of the thermal insulation reducing thermal bridge is present. However, this means that Usage properties of the window are diminished if the polyurethane foam, which has a comparatively low mechanical strength, in the areas of interrupted cover film is not protected.

In DE patent specification 26 30 573 the attempt was consequently made To improve thermal insulation. Both the window frame and the casement is made of wood on the inside. On the outside they have one with foam filled metal frame. The proposed solution on the outside of a wooden window frame arranged thermal insulation layer in one plastic-coated metal profile is not transferable to any frame profiles and tied to an individual design. Problems can also arise regularly adjust if the plastic cover on the outside is colored, namely to be colored dark. In DE Offenlegungsschrift 44 01 154 some Disadvantages called, for example, in the corner formation by welding result in metallic profiles. The window frame cladding results from Temperature fluctuations are characterized by two-dimensional dilatation movements that affect the size restrict the window from the outset. About changes in length interception, the vertical and horizontal cover strips are therefore separate screwed to the frame parts with wood screws.

Another veneer profile described in DE Offenlegungsschrift 30 32 939, which is usually kept dark and strong warming when exposed to sunlight is exposed in such a way that the temperature fluctuations by  Air exchange between the profiles can be kept low. In the same way, in the DE Offenlegungsschrift 24 09 742 stated that dark colored windows are not have proven themselves and can only be fitted with a rear-ventilated front panel, when the plastic is colored. The front panel is with holes for air circulation Mistake. In DE 38 38 024 the risk of deformation of the Plastic frame can be met with a trim strip that with Snap devices is attached to the frame legs and the sash and with which an insulating air layer can be created. From the known The prior art can thus be seen that with a veneer profile and any Frame profile training, especially with colored plastics because of required air circulation, thermal insulation cannot be made possible.

In DE Offenlegungsschrift 20 03 618 is used for insulation between the outside of the window and the inside of the window is provided a cover profile on the panel surface of the panel, which with an intermediate layer is highly insulating and at the same time is designed as a design element. The cover profile can also be combined with a window glass seal and in one Work step with the window pane to be replaced. To with thermal expansion and with to ensure a tight fit against opposite shrinkage, the cover profile C- shaped with legs that are led around the panel on the inside. In order to the cover profile made of rubber is floating and prevents displacement anchored. The disadvantage is that the installation is not retrofitted to an existing window and can only be achieved by removing the window pane.

For these reasons, the invention aims to manufacture windows simplify, while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art, a decorative, if necessary also dark colored frame cladding with which the Thermal insulation of windows can be improved, making it inexpensive to manufacture Have profile frames made of extruded plastic, extruded metal or wood.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a frame covering for the outside of windows or to create doors that are easy to construct even with an existing one Windows are durable and insensitive to temperature fluctuations can.

It was found that the task was performed on the outside of the window or the Door arranged frame cladding can be released from a closed Assembly part or from cut to length and miter and on the cut surfaces by welding or gluing together pieces of extruded Plastic parts of any length, which is a 20 to 50 mm thick thermal insulation layer contain the thermal conductivity group 2, and which seen in cross section a parallel has decorative weather shell arranged to the outside of the frame, with in Direction of the insulating glass seal of the casement diverging, the casement overlapping side shells, which with an extruded, on the insulating glass seal upstanding sealing lip and up to the height of the sealing lip with the Thermal insulation layer with one of the frame arrangement adequate offset or flat Geometry are filled, the thermal insulation layer with its inside with a Adhesive with the window post or frame and the Frame cladding in the window reveal with one between the facing brick and the The weather side of the frame is arranged in a permanently elastic joint seal is anchored.  

The invention is essentially based on the knowledge that the in the previously known Publications revealed low resistance to heat radiation and Temperature fluctuations of in particular colored window frames are less of that Resistance to temperature changes of the plastic, but especially when using PVC results from the fact that the frame in the reveal is more or less rigid is attached. PVC, for example, is related to the manufacture of windows excellent properties, but due to the narrow application limits be limited to the temperature. These disadvantages can be avoided if the in the Soffit fastened frame and the sash frame against solar radiation and Protected from the cold and the frame cladding in the direction of Dilatation movement is mounted elastically.

In this way, the frame cladding can be easily adapted to the material of the existing window profiles by selecting the material for the frame shell. Dark colored window profiles are protected against warming by the existing thermal insulation. In contrast to the window frame, which is firmly clamped in the window reveal, the frame cladding can expand unhindered when the temperature changes or contract at lower temperatures. By closing the window or door opening with a thermally insulated shutter, the complete cooling of the window profiles at extremely low temperatures can be avoided. In this way, the durability of windows that are constructed with conventional extruded plastic profiles can be extended considerably and the thermal insulation can be improved in a particularly effortless manner. When using energy-saving glasses, very inexpensive windows with a K value of 0.4 W / m ² K are also made available because the heat losses caused by the frame profile are eliminated.

The invention is based on an embodiment of a frame covering for a window will be explained in more detail. Preferred embodiments are in the dependent ones Sub-claims reproduced.  

In the drawings belonging to the embodiment shows

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a frame cover,

Fig. 2, the frame panel in the section AA with a window frame,

Fig. 3, the frame cover in section B-B in the region of the window reveal,

Fig. 4 shows a section CC through the frame cover at the level of the window sill,

Fig. 5 is an opened window shutter with circumferential rebate for sealing of the window,

Fig. 6 shows a cross-section DD through a closed shutter according to Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 is a closed shutter with a circumferential shutter seal and

Fig. 8 shows a section EE of the shutter shown closed in Fig. 7 in a schematic representation.

The frame cover 1 is composed of FIG. 1 from a closed mounting part, which is composed in whole or individual mitered 2 portions 3, which are connected to each other at the cut surfaces by adhesion or by welding in a rectangular shape. The frame cladding 1 is mounted on the outside of a window in front of the frame 4 and the installation in a window reveal 5 . As a result, the frame 4 can be produced from any profiles made of plastic, metal or wood.

In Fig. 2 the cross-section at AA through the window post 6 is shown, which essentially contains a rectangular post cross-section 7 , which is connected via weakly heat-conducting webs 8 to a flat extruded frame profile 9 and in the rebate space 11 has a casement seal 12 which has the inside seals a room against external weather influences. The window sash which can be pivoted to open and close the window, which is not shown completely, has a frame profile 13 made of wood, plastic or metal, which lies in one plane with the opposite frame profile 13 . On the outside, the casement leg 14 is in one plane with the frame profile 9 , which can simplify the production of a frame cladding 1 . The wing frame leg 14 can also be arranged offset in relation to the frame profile 9 .

In addition, the inner cross sections of the frame profile 13 , the post cross section 7 and the window frame profile 9 can be foamed with a thermally insulating polyurethane foam 15 in order to increase the thermal insulation. This additional thermal insulation is nevertheless low, since the heat transfer coefficient available at this point is mainly dependent on the dimension and the heat conduction of the webs 8 between the frame profile 9 and the post cross-section 7 . The webs 8 provided with regard to heat conduction therefore considerably complicate the manufacture of the windows. If you want to use a much more uncomplicated rectangular shape, another additional thermal insulation is required.

The thermal insulation to the outside is carried out with a 20-50 mm thick polyurethane foam insulation 16 of the heat-conducting group 2 , which rests on the weather side 17 of the frame profile 4 and the surface 18 of the casement leg 14 and is preferably attached to the frame profile 9 with adhesive on the reverse side 19 . In this way, the window frame profile 9 and the wing frame leg 14 are protected against weather influences and against heating by shielding the solar radiation at the same time in both window sashes.

On the front, the foam insulation 16 has a cover in the form of a smooth and optionally decorative colored weather shell 21 , which can be formed in particular from a dark colored plastic. The weather shell 21 can be made from a polyvinyl chloride strip with a thickness of 0.5-5 mm, preferably with a thickness of 2-3 mm. The stripe width or the width of the weather shell 21 depends on the dimensions of the frame profile 9 and the frame profile 13 and is selected such that the wing frame legs 14 are actually covered on both sides with an at least 20-50 mm thick polyurethane foam insulation 16 in a non-staggered arrangement . In the direction of the glazing 22, the foam insulation 16 by diverging the casement leg 14 across side shells 23 limits the flush with a preferably anextrudierten upstanding on the insulating seal 24 sealing lip 25th This means that all outer surfaces of the window frame are completely sealed off from the outside atmosphere.

The frame cladding 1 can expediently be produced by simultaneously extruding the weather shell 21 and the side shells 23 with the integrally formed sealing lip 25 and by gluing in a correspondingly shaped polyurethane foam insulation 16 in sections 3 of any length. A foam core can also be molded as a foam insulation 16 as well as the weather shell 21 as an outer skin in a single common extrusion process. It is also possible that when extruding into the frame covering 1 in the edge region of the foam core to increase the strength, reinforcement inserts are not shown. If a decorative design of the frame cladding 1 is to be achieved, it may be expedient to use an extrudable plastic, preferably polyvinyl chloride, for the frame cladding 1 and another plastic, for example polyurethane, for the foam core if the two plastics have a sufficiently strong material connection during extrusion come in. Otherwise, the inside of the frame covering 1 is roughened and provided with an adhesion promoter and an adhesive with which an intimate connection with the foam core can be established. This procedure is also expedient if a metal weather shell 21 is to be provided.

A product prepared according to the procedure outlined portion of the frame cover 1 according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 divided in the longitudinal direction and in this way the region of the window reveal 5, the window sill 26 and the window lintel be used. The exposed side wall 27 of the foam insulation 16 is backfilled with installation foam 28 when the window is installed in such a way that the dilatation movement of the frame covering 1 cannot be hindered. In addition, the weather shell 21 is movably anchored in the dilatation direction with a permanently elastic joint seal 29 relative to a facing 31 . This enables even colored plastics to expand unhindered in strong sunlight and to shrink in the cold without being damaged.

According to FIG. 4, which illustrates a cross section through the frame cover 1 in the region of the window sill 26, the permanently elastic joint-sealing 29 is arranged between the outer window 32 and the frame cover 1. The frame cladding 1 is thus elastically and freely movable in all directions, while the frame 4 is fixed by means of the inner window sill 33 and also by known and not shown fastening tabs, anchors or claws.

In this way, the heat losses caused by conventional window frames can be considerably reduced and the disadvantages caused by strong temperature fluctuations can be almost completely avoided. The mechanical stresses in the layer plane which arise in the heating or cooling in the frame cladding 1 are reduced without hindrance to deformation in the foam insulation 16 , so that there is no fear of cracking in the material of the frame cladding 1 .

A further increase in thermal insulation and an almost complete elimination of the material stress caused by low and high temperatures can also be achieved if the frame cladding 1 or the window opening according to FIG. 5 is sealed with a shutter 35 which has a thermal insulation layer, preferably a 20. Has 50 mm thick polyurethane foam layer 36 with a thermal conductivity group 2 . The shutters 35 can be made in one piece or divided and each can be hingedly mounted with hinge straps 38 fastened in the masonry 37 . To decorate, the exterior of the shutters 35 is optionally veneered with a transverse frieze 39 , longitudinal frieze 40 and indicated slats 41 without decimating the thermal insulation layer, as can be seen from FIG. 8. The shutter 35 is provided with a circumferential fold 42, which according to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 when closing of the shutters 35 a form-fitting resting on each other and ensured on the masonry 37 of the window opening.

Instead of a fold 42 , the shutter 35 can have a continuous, permanently elastic shutter seal 43 which can be seen in FIG. 8 and which is in the closed position against the wall opening. For airtight sealing, the shutter 35 can be designed, for example, with cranked bands 38 in such a way that the circumferential shutter seal 43 does not come into contact with the frame cladding 1 at the window opening on the masonry 37 . As a result, the intermediate space lying between the insulating glazing 22 , the frame cladding 1 and the shutter 35 can be protected against heat loss and the penetration of cold air from the atmosphere, and the window frame against low temperatures. With this thing, a low-energy house can also be realized with colored window frames made of plastic, which are inexpensive to manufacture and have an unlimited service life.

Claims (7)

1.Frame cladding for thermal insulation on the outside of windows and doors with fixed blind frames to be inserted into openings in walls and windows or doors with sash frames that can be pivoted when opening and closing, which have a frame profile made of plastic, wood or metal and an interior space against weather, heat or Soundproofing insulating glazing, which is fastened and sealed with an insulating glass seal in the fixed or swiveling frame, consisting of a closed assembly part or of sections ( 3 ) cut to length and miter ( 2 ) and joined together at the cut surfaces by welding or gluing Plastic parts of any length, which contain a 20 to 50 mm thick thermal insulation layer of thermal conductivity group 2 , the frame cladding ( 1 ), seen in cross section, a decorative weather shell ( 21 ) arranged parallel to the outside of the frame ( 4 ) has, with in the direction of the insulating glass seal ( 24 ) diverging, the wing frame legs ( 14 ) overlapping side shells ( 23 ), which are formed with an extruded sealing lip ( 25 ) standing on the insulating glass seal ( 24 ) and up to the height of the sealing lip ( 25 ) a foam insulation ( 16 ) with an adequate offset or flat geometry of the frame arrangement, and the foam insulation ( 16 ) with its reverse side ( 19 ) is fixed with an adhesive to the weather side ( 17 ) of the frame profile ( 9 ) and the frame covering ( 1 ) are movably anchored in the window reveal ( 5 ) with a joint seal ( 29 ) which is arranged between the facing ( 31 ) or the outer window sill ( 32 ) and the weather shell ( 21 ) in a permanently elastic manner. 2. Frame covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame covering ( 1 ) has a polyurethane foam insulation ( 16 ). 3. Frame covering according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the weather shell ( 21 ) and the side shells ( 23 ) with the extruded sealing lip ( 25 ) have been produced in one piece by extrusion and the foam insulation ( 16 ) by coextrusion. 4. Frame cladding according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the frame cladding ( 1 ) has a frame composition ( 13 ) or the frame leg ( 14 ) corresponding plastic composition, preferably polyvinyl chloride, and a polyurethane foam insulation ( 16 ). 5. Frame covering according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the frame covering has a weather shell ( 21 ) made of metal. 6. Frame cladding according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the frame cladding ( 1 ) can be closed with a shutter ( 35 ) having a 20 to 50 mm thick thermal insulation layer, preferably a polyurethane foam layer ( 36 ) with the thermal conductivity group 2 has. 7. Frame cladding according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shutter ( 35 ) a circumferential, permanently elastic and in the closed position on the weather shell ( 21 ) or the side shells ( 23 ) adjacent shutter seal ( 43 ) for airtight sealing of Has frame trim ( 1 ).