DE19621751C1 - Apparatus for incinerating inorganic refuse esp. small-scale municipal refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

A waste disposal process and apparatus are claimed that combine incineration (26) and fermentation/composting (25) processes. Organic residues (19) are composted (21) and the resulting gases (22) and waste water (27) are collected. The incineration furnace (10) receives combustible gases (22) via a gas pipe (30) from the composting assembly (21). Inorganic residues (20) are incinerated using gas (22) from the composting assembly (21).

Description

The invention relates to a waste disposal system and corresponding method according to the preamble of the patent Proverb 1 or the preamble of claim 20.

Household garbage and garbage-like residues are usually used disposed of by unloading (landfill) or incineration. Organic Logical waste ends up in composting or incineration systems. Landfills and incinerators are conventional plants with an annual capacity of over 100,000 t / a. Fermentation plants and composting plants are starting operated on the order of approximately 5,000 t / a.

All systems have in common that the minimum technical standard is required by law at a high level. Therefore were so far plants with lower annual throughputs not to operate economically. Rather, it was trying waste disposal on a few large scale accordingly  to concentrate equipped facilities. This ever required but a high logistical and organizational effort. Some of the waste had to be sent over long distances in special sons vehicles are transported.

Smaller plants were in compliance with the legal min minimum standards uneconomical. In addition, these Due to their simple design, plants were not sufficient Provide adequate disposal security.

From European patent application EP 0 347 406 A1 a waste incineration plant with a sorting device and a downstream combustion and flue gas cleaning direction known. The waste incineration plant is over Lei connected to a production facility. To an opti to enable male use of the waste incineration plant and the environmental impact caused by the production site reduce, the exhaust gases from the production facility over the Lines led to the waste incineration plant. Between the Waste incineration plant and the production facility are further Lines provided through which in the incinerator energy obtained from the combustion of the exhaust gases Ver is fed to the production facility. This ver The energy produced in the incineration plant can be used by consumers use.

From the essays "Fermentation tendencies", energy spectrum 2/96, pages 12, 13, 18, 20, 22 and Buschner G., Klinkmüller L., Strumpf W .: "The anaerobic treatment of waste as Al alternative to landfilling, incineration and composting "in: Energy application, energy and environmental technology, 43rd year, Issue 1, January 1994, pages 28 to 33 is the recovery biological waste in fermentation plants known. As a comparison The plant is especially a hermetically sealed System without air supply, d. H. an anaerobic system, featured beat. Such anaerobic systems have the advantage that a Emission of the greenhouse gas methane is prevented. About that In addition, compliance with emissions law and hygiene  regulations are easier to implement than with the Composting organic waste. From these essays it is known that in the fermentation of organic waste the resulting biogases are fed into an energetic recycling system can be. For example, it is possible to create the resulting Waste heat for the self-supply of the fermentation plant or to use other process plants. With a special ver it is also possible to drive the waste heat to fuel to be processed with the special drives equipped vehicles can be operated.

The object of the present invention is a waste disposal to specify the plant, especially with small annual throughput to implement sets in a cost-effective manner and in compliance to operate the legal minimum standards economically is, with different compositions in the plant should be disposable of waste. At the same time, an ent speaking procedure.

This task is accomplished in terms of device technology the features of claim 1 and in procedural shear in terms of the features of claim 20 solved.

Advantageous further developments are in the dependent claims given.

A core idea of the present system or the present The process can be seen in the fact that a fermentation process alongside a combustion process is carried out, which in Ver fermentation process obtained at least partially Ver be fed to the combustion process. Through this combination of The fermentation process and combustion process can be more organic "Dispose of" waste first in a fermentation process. in the Difference to normal fermentation plants, where separate Exhaust air purification systems, water treatment and one complicated use of gas are necessary se by-products fed directly to the combustion process here or the flue gas downstream of the combustion process  preparation. In detail, the exhaust air is called combustion air the contaminated wastewater is used for thermal recycling injected into the flue gas cleaning system and the biogases are either stored in the gas tank, ge in the combustion conducts or needed to start the incinerator.

A basic idea is, at least that of fermentation to use the resulting biogas for the combustion process en. In an advantageous further development, the Fermentation process resulting waste water in the flue gas horse riding injected. Overall, the can usually be contaminated residues (biogas, waste water) contaminated fermentation Integration process in the waste disposal system so that the residues from the fermentation process are also disposed of.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the Ab waste disposal system, a separator, in particular an air classifier, the mixed waste in organic and in separates organic waste and the organic waste initially leads to fermentation, whereas the inorganic waste un bypassing the fermentation process to the incinerator is directed. The Ab mentioned expediently exists separating device from a wind sifter, the lighter organic waste from heavier inorganic waste separates. With this separator a rela Make effective separation of the mixed waste so that mixed waste fractions - organic and inorganic waste - tailored to their respective properties can be disposed of.

The fermentation residues arising in the fermentation facility can either be burned in the incinerator or for example to fertilizers or landfill covering material to be processed further.

If the digestate is to be burned, it is a good idea moderately between the fermentation device and the ver combustion device, a drying device is provided,  in which a further drainage of the residues of the inorganic waste is made. This drying facility can either be used as a mechanical press, especially or belt filter press can be formed or simply as zwi switched dry storage. Through this the, combustion upstream, biological and mechanical pretreatment you keep a small-sized, high-calorie and largely homogeneous fuel.

The waste described here is advantageous disposal plant of the incinerator as a fluidized bed furnace educated. The fluidized bed furnace guarantees a high one Burnout with a low excess of oxygen. It also acts is a furnace that is particularly suitable for feeding of biogases and high-calorific fermentation residues is.

The waste disposal method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that organic waste ver Fermentation process is subjected and that inorganic waste is subjected to a combustion process, whereby the Combustion process connects to a flue gas treatment process and wherein at least one or more ent in the fermentation process standing by-products such as biogas and waste water, the Ver combustion process or the flue gas treatment process leads.

The basic idea is here too, at least the biolo By-products formed in the fermentation process partially se or entirely in a subsequent combustion process use or harmless in this combustion process to ma chen. In an advantageous embodiment, the biogases directly or after interim storage in a tank supply process, the resulting in the fermentation process Waste water is injected into the flue gas treatment system and into The fermentation is another preferred embodiment residues in the combustion process disposed of. Alternatively  But the digestate can also be used as fertilizer or as a deposit no masking material can be processed.

It is too for the basic idea of the method according to the invention next irrelevant whether only organic waste, mixed waste case or separate organic and inorganic waste however to be disposed of in parallel. It deals with household waste However, this is usually mixed waste that results from organi chemical and inorganic waste.

A separation of organic and inorganic waste also seems extremely with smaller waste disposal plants sensible. If the organic waste is together with the inorganic waste immediately fed into the incineration process, the high water content of organic waste deteriorates the combustion process quite considerably. In addition, the Throughputs in the combustion process increased unnecessarily. The In contrast, fermentation of organic waste constitutes a sensible disposal. The resulting exhaust air, the biogas and the polluted wastewater is then in the incineration process disposed of. The biogases also increase energy consumption te of the combustion process and contribute to an improvement the properties of the combustion process. Farther can also be used to start the incinerator will.

In the alternative in which he also in the fermentation process fermentation residues are burned, carry them with you rem high calorific value to improve the properties of the combustion process and to a higher energy consumption te at.

The invention is also described below with respect to others Features and advantages from the description of execution examples and with reference to the enclosed Drawings explained in more detail. Here show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined procedural ren;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the combined method in another embodiment;

Figure 3 shows the first part of an embodiment of the inventive waste disposal system in a schematic flow chart representation.

FIG. 4 shows the second part of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 in a schematic flowchart illustration;

Fig. 5 shows the third part of the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 in a schematic flow diagram Dar position.

Fig. 6, the fourth part of the embodiment of FIGS . 3, 4 and 5 in a schematic flow diagram Dar position.

In Fig. 1, the combination of a fermentation process 25 and a combustion process 26 combined Entsorgungver is shown. Organic waste 19 passes through the fermentation process 25 . The organic waste is biologically decomposed in this process. This decomposition leads to the formation of biogases 22 . These biogases 22 are collected, possibly homogenized and fed to the combustion process 26 , in which otherwise mainly inorganic waste 20 is disposed of. In the fermentation process 25 , or in a closing drying process 48 , there is still waste water 27 which has to be processed in a conventional manner. In the method shown here, the wastewater 27 is fed to a flue gas treatment process 29 following the combustion process 26 . Since the wastewater 27 is optionally injected into the flue gas together with additional water supplied from the outside.

The fermentation residue 24 remaining after the fermentation process 25 is mechanically dried in a drying process 48 already mentioned, for example in a press and / or temporarily stored for drying. The fermentation residue 24 can be processed in a further treatment process to fertilizer, landfill cover material or the like. In this case, the further processing process essentially consists of post-rotting 58 .

In Fig. 2, the combined method of a fermentation process 25 and a combustion process 26 is shown schematically in a modification. Unlike in Fig. 1, the fermentation residue 24 is not a further processing process, for. B. processed to fertilizer or landfill covering material.

Rather, in the example shown in FIG. 2, process of the digestate 24 after the drying process 48 the drying process Burn 26 is supplied. The dried fermentation residue 24 has an extremely high calorific value. In addition, it is a relatively homogeneous fuel that improves the properties of the combustion process and increases the energy yield. In this alternative, inorganic waste 20 , biogas 22 and fermentation residues 24 are burned together.

In Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the structure is an execution form of the waste disposal plant according to the invention schematically with reference to flow charts shown.

The embodiment shown is a Plant with an annual throughput of approximately 50,000 tons is designed for a relatively small year throughput.

The waste disposal system initially has an acceptance 11 , which serves to accept and transport the delivered waste to a waste bunker 49 . The garbage bunker 49 does not have to be dimensioned too large in the relatively flexibly designed installation here. In the specific embodiment, a capacity of 1,000 m³ was selected.

From the waste bunker 49 , the waste is fed to a sieve 50 . The sieve 50 is used to separate out uncrushable residues whose dimensions exceed 500 × 500 mm.

When a mixed waste fraction with a still high proportion of organic waste is delivered (domestic waste with residual green, bulky and commercial waste similar to household waste), this mixed waste from the waste bunker is fed to a separation process via a shredding process and a recovery of valuable materials. For this purpose, the mixed waste after the sieve 50 passes through a first magnetic separator 13 , the iron components 52 separates. The remaining mixed waste passes through a coarse shredder 51 , which performs a first comminution. Subsequently, the comminuted Mischab passes through a second magnetic separator 14 , in which egg sen ingredients 52 are separated again. After the magnetic separation of FIG. 14 , the mixed waste is fed to another Zerkleinerungsein device, namely a hammer mill 37 , which at least crushes the mixed waste in such a way that the maximum edge length does not exceed 80 mm. A maximum edge length between 30 and 50 mm is preferred. The hammer mill 37 should therefore expediently be designed to be adjustable so that the desired maximum edge length can be preselected.

After the hammer mill 37 , the mixed waste passes through a third magnetic separator 15 , in which iron components 52 are again separated.

In order to also be able to separate non-ferrous metals 53 , the mixed waste then passes through a vortex separator 16 . By means of the vortex separator 16 , for example, aluminum can be separated from the mixed waste and sold for recycling purposes.

After passing through the vortex separator 16 , the mixed waste passes into an air classifier 17 (cf. FIG. 4). In the wind sifter 17 , the mixed waste is separated into inorganic waste 20 and organic waste 19 . The lighter inorganic waste 20 is output at a first outlet 33 of the wind separator 17 . The heavier organic waste 19 is output at a second outlet 34 of the air classifier.

It should be noted at this point that in the case of a separate delivery of organic waste 19 and inorganic waste 20, the separation process by means of the air classifier can be eliminated. In this case, the inorganic waste 20, apart from the air classifier 17 , would pass through the same or corresponding facilities as already described. The inorganic waste would go through a simplified shredding process separately.

The separated by the wind sifter 17 or separately delivered organic waste 19 then passes through a fermentation device 21st In the fermentation device 21 , the organic waste 19 is subjected to a fermentation process 25 already mentioned. The resulting in the fermentation process 25 biogas 22 are collected and forwarded to a tank 54 . The fermentation residue 24 remaining after the fermentation process 25 only has approximately 87% of the weight of the organic waste 19 originally fed to the fermentation device 21 .

The fermentation residue 24 is then fed to a drying device 36 . In the drying device 36 , the digestate 24 was further dewatered. The resulting wastewater 27 is collected and fed to an evaporator 40 to be described via a wastewater feed 32 . The drying device 36 comprises a mechanical press, such as, for example, a wire belt or belt filter press. The fermentation residue 24 dried in this way is then fed to an intermediate storage 57 together with the inorganic waste 20 separated from the wind sifter 17 .

Alternatively, the dried fermentation residue 24 can also be removed after the drying device and fed to a post-rotting 58 . The digestate 24 can then be used as an earth-like compost to cover landfills. Equipping the plant with a post-rotting 58 is inexpensive to do.

The temporary storage 57 currents supplied from anorgani schem waste 20 and 24 are digestate delay in the INTERIM 57 homogenized. The mixture is then fed to the combustion furnace 10 designed as a fluidized bed furnace. At the same time, 10 biogases 22 are fed to the incinerator and were homogenized in the tank 54 . In addition, flue gases are fed to the incinerator 10 for recycling for more complete disposal.

The slag remaining in the combustion process 26 is removed. The highly dust-laden flue gases produced in the combustion process 26 are cooled in the subsequent superheater 38 and thereby heat or generate steam which drives a turbine 39 . The turbine 39 can be used to generate electricity for operating the entire system and for external use. The system can easily be integrated into existing power grids due to the comparatively low power remaining for external use. At the same time or alternatively, the energy generated can also be used for district heating. Here, too, integration into existing district heating networks is easily possible.

The flue gases are cooled to 450 ° C. in the superheater 38 and largely freed of dust and harmful gases in a subsequent dry separator 18 . The dry separator 18 can be designed, for example, as an electrostatic precipitator in which the dust particles are statically charged by electrodes with rectified high voltage and are deposited on a precipitation electrode. The dry separator 18 can, however, also be designed as a mechanical dust extractor, with gravitational and centrifugal forces acting on the dust particles as separating forces.

After the dry separator 18 , the flue gases are supplied to an already mentioned evaporator 40 . In the evaporator 40 , the wastewater 27 obtained from the fermentation process 25 and additional water are injected into the flue gas stream by means of an injection system 31 . The injected water causes the flue gases to cool down further to 320 ° C. This largely prevents the DeNovo synthesis of dioxins. To remove nitrogen oxides from the flue gases, an SCR device 41 can also be provided. A selective catalytic reduction is carried out in the SCR device 41 and the flue gases are freed of nitrogen oxides. At the same time, this technology uses special catalysts to destroy the low amounts of dioxins still present by oxidation. The SCR device 41 must be fed continuously during operation NH₃.

Following the SCR device 41 , the flue gases pass through a feed water preheater 42 and an air preheater 43 , in which the flue gases are cooled to 190 ° C. and feed water and combustion air are preheated at the same time. After the air preheater 43 , part of the flue gas is returned to the incinerator 10 as already mentioned. The non-recirculated flue gases can be further cleaned in a washer 44 . In the scrubber 44 harmful gases from the flue gas are washed out again with the addition of CaCO₃ and water. Since this washing-out process works particularly well at low temperatures, the flue gases are cooled before they reach the scrubber 44 in a heat exchanger 45 and then re-heated in a second heat exchanger 46 which is connected to the first heat exchanger 45 .

The reheated flue gases are then passed through a tissue filter 47 , in which residual pollutants such as heavy metals, dioxins and other residual inorganic substances are filtered out with the addition of Sor balit. Via a suction train 55 , the flue gases then enter a chimney 56 and can then be released into the environment in a sufficiently prepared state.

The waste disposal system described is characterized by a modular structure that allows the described facilities to be partially replaced by others or individual facilities for cost reasons and if the waste to be disposed of allows it to be set aside. For example, the scrubber 44 with the heat exchangers 46 is optional and can be left out if the flue gases are not loaded to an above-average extent. The same applies to the SCR device 41 .

The system described is extremely flexible. The combustion process 26 and the fermentation process 25 can be combined in 4 different basic ways:

• 1. Separate delivery of organic waste 19 and organic waste 20 or mixed waste using the digestate, for example as fertilizer or poniard covering material;
• 2. Separating mixed waste into organic waste 19 and organic waste 20 and using the digestate for example as fertilizer or landfill covering material;
• 3. separate delivery of organic waste 19 and inorganic waste 20 or mixed waste and incineration of the digestate;
• 4. Separation of mixed waste into organic waste 19 and inorganic waste 20 and combustion of the digestate.

The four options given can also be according to Errich system depending on the specific composition of the wastes are exchanged, so that an extremely fit waste disposal system.  

In the system presented, they can be coordinated agreed to combine standard industrial components so that residual substance treatment largely self-sufficient (without additional Energy supply) operated economically and redundantly can be. If one of the main components fails, so the other ensures that part stream of waste generated can be further processed. Furthermore, the logisti's low capacity decreases cal effort. At the same time, the facility is able to the specifically delivered waste is operated in a coordinated manner will.

Reference list

10 incinerator
11 assumption
13 first magnetic separator / separating device
14 second magnetic separator / separator
15 third magnetic separator / separator
16 vortex separator
17 Air classifier / separator
18 dry separators
19 organic waste
20 inorganic waste
21 fermentation device
22 biogases
24 fermentation residue
25 fermentation process
26 combustion process
27 waste water
29 Flue gas treatment process
30 gas supply
31 injection system
32 Waste water supply
33 first output (of the separating device)
34 second outlet (of the separating device)
35 Feeding the fermentation residues
36 drying device
37 Shredding device / hammer mill
38 superheaters
39 turbine
40 evaporators
41 SCR device
42 feed water preheaters
43 air preheater
44 washers
45 first heat exchanger
46 second heat exchanger
47 fabric filters
48 Drying process
49 garbage bunkers
50 sieve
51 Coarse shrimp
52 iron components
53 non-ferrous metals
54 tank
55 induced draft
56 fireplace
57 Temporary storage
58 post-rotting

Claims (41)

1. Waste disposal system in which a combustion process ( 26 ) and a fermentation process ( 25 ) can be carried out, characterized in that the waste disposal system comprises the following:

• - A fermentation device ( 21 ) for organic waste ( 19 ) which is designed so that the biogas ( 22 ) and waste water ( 27 ) formed during fermentation can be collected and
• - An incinerator ( 10 ) which is connected to the fermentation device ( 21 ) at least via a gas supply ( 30 ), and that at least inorganic waste ( 20 ) and the resulting bio-gases ( 22 ) can be burned together.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a flue gas treatment device ( 18 , 40 , 31 , 44 ) is connected to the combustion furnace ( 10 ), which comprises a injection system ( 31 ), the injection system ( 31 ) of the flue gas treatment device via a From a water supply ( 32 ) with the fermentation device ( 21 ) is in communication, so that the resulting waste water during fermentation ( 27 ) can be fed to the flue gas preparation device. 3. Plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a separating device ( 17 ), in particular a wind sifter ( 17 ) is provided, the separating device ( 17 ) having a first output ( 33 ) which with the incinerator ( 10 ) is connected and a second outlet ( 34 ) which is connected to the fermentation device ( 21 ), mixed waste being separated into organic ( 19 ) and inorganic waste ( 20 ) in the separating device and the inorganic waste ( 20 ) via the first outlet ( 33 ) to the combustion furnace and the organic waste ( 19 ) via the second outlet ( 34 ) of the fermentation device ( 21 ). 4. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the incinerator ( 10 ) and the fermentation device ( 21 ) a feed ( 35 ) for fermentation residues ( 24 ) is provided, by means of which in the fermentation process ( 25 ) remaining digestate ( 24 ) can be fed to the combustion furnace ( 10 ). 5. Plant according to claim 4, characterized in that a drying device ( 36 ) is provided in the region of the feeder ( 35 ) for the fermentation residues, the drying device ( 36 ) causing drying of the fermentation residues ( 24 ). 6. Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that  the drying device as a mechanical press, ins specially trained as a belt filter or belt filter press det. 7. Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that the drying device ( 36 ) is formed as a dry storage in which drying of the fermentation residues ( 24 ) is achieved by storage. 8. Plant according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the combustion furnace ( 10 ) is formed as a fluidized bed furnace. 9. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a comminution device ( 37 ), in particular a hammer mill ( 37 ) is provided to inorganic waste ( 20 ), organic waste ( 19 ) or mixed waste before it the separating device ( 17 ) or the incinerator ( 10 ) is fed to comminute, preferably as a particle size with a maximum edge length in the range of 30 to 50 mm. 10. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more separation devices ( 13 , 14 , 15 ), in particular magnetic separators ( 13 , 14 , 15 ) are provided, the iron components ( 52 ) from the inorganic waste ( 20 ) or separate mixed waste before it is fed to the separating device ( 17 ) or the incinerator ( 10 ). 11. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a vortex separator ( 16 ) is provided, the non-ferrous metals ( 53 ) from the inorganic waste ( 20 ) or mixed waste separates before the waste from the separating device ( 17 ) or the incinerator ( 10 ) is supplied. 12. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the combustion furnace ( 10 ) has a superheater ( 38 ) nachgeord net, in which the flue gases forming in the combustion furnace generate steam for driving a turbine ( 39 ). 13. Installation according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the flue gas treatment device ( 18 , 40 , 44 ) comprises a dry separator ( 18 ) which takes out a separation of dust and / or harmful gases in a drying process before. 14. Plant according to claim 13, characterized in that the dry separator ( 18 ) operates in a temperature range from 250 ° C to 500 ° C, preferably 400 ° C to 450 ° C or 440 ° to 460 °. 15. Plant according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the flue gas treatment ( 18 , 40 , 44 ) comprises an evaporator ( 40 ) in which water, in particular waste water ( 27 ) from the fermentation process ( 25 ) is fed. 16. Installation according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 15, characterized in that the flue gas conditioning (18, 40, 44) comprises a washer (44), in which the cooled flue gases is washed and remaining dust particles and harmful gases excreted be the. 17. Plant according to claim 16, characterized in that the scrubber ( 44 ) between a first heat exchanger ( 45 ) and a second heat exchanger ( 46 ) is arranged, wherein the first heat exchanger ( 45 ) cools the flue gas to a temperature favorable for flue gas scrubbing and at the same time at least partially transfers the heat removed to the second heat exchanger ( 46 ) in order to reheat the flue gas after the flue gas scrubbing in the second heat exchanger ( 46 ). 18. Plant according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 17, characterized in that the flue gas treatment ( 18 , 40 , 41 , 44 ) comprises an SCR device ( 41 ) which frees the flue gases from nitrogen oxides via a selective catalytic reduction. 19. Plant according to claim 18, characterized in that the SCR device ( 41 ) comprises further catalysts which specifically remove still present amounts of dioxins by oxidation. 20. A method for the disposal of waste with a waste disposal system from one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that

• - That organic waste ( 19 ) is subjected to a fermentation process ( 25 );
• - That inorganic waste ( 20 ) is subjected to a combustion process ( 26 ), with the combustion process ( 26 ) being followed by a flue gas cleaning process ( 29 ) and
• - Wherein at least one or more of the by-products in the fermentation process ( 25 ), such as biogases ( 22 ) and waste water ( 27 ), the combustion process ( 26 ) and / or the flue gas cleaning process ( 29 ) are supplied.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the biogas ( 22 ) the combustion process ( 26 ) and at the same time the waste water ( 27 ) are fed to the flue gas cleaning process ( 29 ). 22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the fermentation residue ( 24 ) remaining after the fermentation process ( 25 ) is also fed to the combustion process ( 26 ). 23. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the digestate ( 24 ) leads abge after the fermentation process and is further processed to fertilizer or landfill covering material. 24. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the fermentation residues ( 24 ) are dried mechanically and / or by drying in air. 25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that the biogases ( 23 ) are initially stored in a tank ( 54 ). 26. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the biogases ( 22 ) are homogenized before they are fed to the combustion process ( 26 ). 27. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 26, characterized in that the organic waste ( 19 ) is separated from mixed waste in a From separation process, the remaining inorganic waste ( 20 ) together with the fermentation residue obtained from the fermentation process ( 25 ) ( 24 ) is burned. 28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that a wind sifting is carried out in the separation process, in which the lighter fractions of the mixed waste than organic waste ( 20 ) and the heavier fractions as organic waste ( 19 ) are removed. 29. The method according to any one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the separation process several separation processes and a Zer reduction process are upstream. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that in the crushing process the organic ( 19 ), inorganic ( 20 ) or mixed waste passes through a hammer mill ( 37 ) in which the waste to a particle size with a maximum edge length in the range of 30 to 50 mm is brought. 31. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 30, characterized in that in a separation process iron components ( 52 ) and other ferroelectric materials are separated out by a magnet. 32. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 31, characterized in that in a further separation process non-ferrous metals ( 53 ) are separated out by a vortex separator ( 16 ). 33. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 32, characterized in that the fermentation process ( 25 ) in addition or instead of the organic waste obtained in the separation process ( 19 ) and external organic waste ( 19 ') can be fed. 34. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 33, characterized in that the flue gas processing process ( 29 ) comprises a dry dust and noxious gas separation, wherein the separation takes place mechanically, in particular mechanical flow or by electrostatic charging of the particles to be separated. 35. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 34, characterized in that the flue gas treatment process ( 29 ) with injection of water, in particular waste water ( 27 ) from the fermentation process ( 25 ) is carried out and the flue gas by the injected water to a desired temperature temperature is cooled. 36. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 35, characterized in that the flue gas processing process ( 29 ) comprises a wet dust and noxious gas separation, a flue gas scrubber at flue gas temperatures in the range from 70 ° C to 120 ° C, preferably around 100 ° C is carried out. 37. The method according to claim 36, characterized in that the temperature of the flue gases before the flue gas scrubbing is lowered by a first heat exchanger ( 45 ) and the heat withdrawn is used at least partially for a subsequent reheating of the flue gas. 38. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 37, characterized in that the flue gas processing process ( 29 ) comprises filtering out dust and harmful gas particles in a fabric filter ( 47 ). 39. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 38, characterized in that mixed waste is disposed of according to the following steps:

• - Pretreatment of the mixed waste by separation and / or crushing processes;
• - Separation of organic ( 19 ) and inorganic waste ( 20 ) in a separating device ( 17 );
• - fermenting the organic waste ( 19 );
• - Burning at least the inorganic waste ( 20 ) and the biogases ( 22 ) formed during fermentation;
• - Cleaning the flue gas in a flue gas treatment process and
• - removal of combustion residues.

40. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that the waste water produced during fermentation ( 27 ) is fed to the flue gas treatment process ( 29 ). 41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that the fermentation residue formed during fermentation ( 24 ) is burned together with the inorganic waste ( 20 ) and the biogas sen ( 22 ).