DE1953159B1 - Process for processing sand and gravel as well as other mineral materials suitable as building material additives - Google Patents
Process for processing sand and gravel as well as other mineral materials suitable as building material additivesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1953159B1 DE1953159B1 DE19691953159 DE1953159A DE1953159B1 DE 1953159 B1 DE1953159 B1 DE 1953159B1 DE 19691953159 DE19691953159 DE 19691953159 DE 1953159 A DE1953159 A DE 1953159A DE 1953159 B1 DE1953159 B1 DE 1953159B1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- gravel
- soluble
- macromolecular
- building material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010333 wet classification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000896 Ethulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001859 Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001612 Hydroxyethyl starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000581 Triticum monococcum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001938 Vegetable gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019326 ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940050526 hydroxyethylstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010334 sieve classification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
- C04B20/0088—Fillers with mono- or narrow grain size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0053—Water-soluble polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Sand und Kies sowie anderen mineialischen, als Baustoffiuschläge geeigneten Materialien, bei dem das Gut gewaschen, klassiert und entwässert wird. The invention relates to a method for processing sand and Gravel and other mineral materials suitable for use as building material in which the goods are washed, classified and drained.
Zuschlagstoffe für Betonmischungen wie Sand, Kies, Bims, gebrochenes Gestein, Lavalit und Blähaggregate aus Schiefer usw. sollen häufiger eine oder mehrere enge Fraktionen vorgegebener Körnungscharakteristik aufweisen. Besondere Anwendungszwecke des Betons erfordern mitunter ein eng klassiertes Kornspektrum mittlerer Körnung, so daß in diesem Fall die eine besonders hohe Restfeuchte aufweisende Feinfraktion unter 3 mm abklassiert werden muß. Dies ist z. B. dann erforderlich, wenn eine wasserdurchlässige, d. h. hochporöse und permeable Betonstruktur verlangt wird. Aggregates for concrete mixes such as sand, gravel, pumice, broken Rock, lavalite and swelling aggregates from slate etc. should more often one or more have narrow fractions of given grain characteristics. Special uses of the concrete sometimes require a narrowly classified range of medium-sized grains, so that in this case the fine fraction which has a particularly high residual moisture content must be classified below 3 mm. This is e.g. B. necessary if a water-permeable, d. H. highly porous and permeable concrete structure is required.
Bei Betonauskleidungen von Stollen, Tunnelbauten oder Stützmauern an Hanglagen tritt nämlich im Bereich wasserführender Gebirgsschichten das Problem auf, den hydrostatischen Druck des Wassers auf die Auskleidung durch Ableitung des Wassers zu mildern oder ganz zu beseitigen. Dies kann durch eine wasserdurchlässige Betonschicht erfolgen, die zwischen Auskleidung und Gebirgswand eingeschaltet wird. For concrete linings of tunnels, tunnels or retaining walls The problem occurs on slopes in the area of water-bearing mountain layers on, the hydrostatic pressure of the water on the liner by dissipating the To mitigate water or to eliminate it entirely. This can be done through a water-permeable Concrete layer, which is inserted between the lining and the rock face.
Bekanntlich wird die spezielle Eigenschaft eines Betons wesentlich von der Körnungslinie seiner Zuschläge bestimmt. Die Einhaltung der betreffenden Kennlinie wird üblicherweise durch Sieb- oder Naßklassierung und dosiertes Wiederzusammenmischen der Kornfraktionen erreicht. Für einen sogenannten Einkornzuschlag ist es demgegenüber lediglich erforderlich, aus dem gesamten Kornspektrum eine bestimmte Fraktion herauszuklassieren, was am besten mit entsprechend abgestuften Mehrdecksieben gelingt. As is well known, the special property of a concrete becomes essential determined by the grading curve of its aggregates. Compliance with the relevant The characteristic curve is usually created by sieve or wet classification and dosed remixing of the grain fractions reached. In contrast, it is for a so-called einkorn surcharge only necessary to classify a certain fraction from the entire grain spectrum, which works best with appropriately graded multi-deck screens.
Des weiteren ist die Zusammensetzung des Bindemittels von Bedeutung, die wegen der ungewöhnlichen Kornzusammensetzung auf diese abgestimmt sein muß und daher im engsten Zusammenhang mit dem Reinheitsgrad und dem Fehlkornanteil des Zuschlagmaterials zu sehen ist.Furthermore, the composition of the binder is important, which must be matched to this because of the unusual grain composition and therefore closely related to the degree of purity and the proportion of incorrect grains in the aggregate you can see.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen neuen Weg zur Aufbereitung von Kies und Sand sowie anderen mineralischen Baustoffzuschlägen aufzuzeigen, mit denen ein wasserdurchlässiger Porbeton auch durch Verspritzen hergestellt werden kann. The object of the present invention is therefore to find a new way for processing gravel and sand as well as other mineral building material aggregates to show, with which a water-permeable porcelain concrete is also produced by spraying can be.
Erfindungsgemäß werden aus dem gewaschenen Rohmaterial enge Kornfraktionen mittlerer Körnung von 3 bis 7 mm und/oder 15 bis 30 mm abgesiebt und nach mechanischer Entwässerung der jeweiligen Fraktion auf maximal 15°/o Restfeuchte mit 300 bis 2000 g/t eines makromolekularen wasserlöslichen Stoffes versetzt. According to the invention, narrow grain fractions are obtained from the washed raw material medium grain size of 3 to 7 mm and / or 15 to 30 mm sieved and after mechanical Dehydration of the respective fraction to a maximum of 15% residual moisture with 300 to 2000 g / t of a macromolecular water-soluble substance added.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann bei der Aufbereitung von üblichen als Baustoffzuschläge geeigneten Materialien verwendet werden. In erster Linie wird es zum Aufbereiten von Sand und Kies benutzt. The inventive method can be used in the preparation of conventional suitable materials are used as building material surcharges. First and foremost will it is used to process sand and gravel.
Es ist aber auch mö glich, das Verfahren bei gebrochenem Gestein oder Blähaggregate enthaltenden Mineralien wie Bims, Ton, Schiefer, Lavalit u. dgl. anzuwenden. Der Zusatz von makromolekularen wasserlöslichen Stoffen hat den Zweck, die wasserbindende Eigenschaft dieser Stoffe dazu auszunutzen, die nach der Entwässerung verbleibende Restfeuchte des Zuschlagmaterials zu erhalten und auch nach späterer Zugabe des erforderlichen Zementanteils- den Abbindevorgang zu verzögern und auch eine Verdunstung dieses Wasseranteils zu verhindern.However, it is also possible to use the method for broken rock or Minerals containing expansion aggregates such as pumice, clay, slate, lavalite and the like. The purpose of adding macromolecular water-soluble substances is to make them water-binding Property of these substances to exploit the remaining after drainage To maintain the residual moisture of the aggregate material and also after the later addition of the required cement content to delay the setting process and also an evaporation to prevent this water content.
Als wasserlösliche makromolekulare Stoffe können die verschiedensten natürlichen oder synthetischen Polymeren eingesetzt werden. Unter den natürlichen wasserlöslichen Substanzen sind beispielsweise die verschiedensten sogenannten Pflanzengumnusorten geeignet, also beispielsweise Galactomannane wie Johannisbrotkernmehl oder Guarmehl oder auch Xanthan-Gum oder wasserlösliche Stärkeprodukte. Zu den letzteren zählen beispielsweise Methylstärke, Hydroxyäthylstärke, Carboxymethylstärke oder auch oxidativ abgebaute Stärke. Bevorzugt als wasserlösliche makromolekulare Stoffe werden jedoch wasserlösliche Celluloseäther herangezogen. Es eignen sich beispielsweise Methylcellulose, Hydr oxyäthylcellulose, Hydroxypropylcellulose, Methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Äthylhydroxyäthylcellulose, Hydroxyäthylcarboxymethylcellulose. The most varied of water-soluble macromolecular substances can be used natural or synthetic polymers are used. Among the natural Water-soluble substances are, for example, the most varied of so-called vegetable gum varieties suitable, for example galactomannans such as locust bean gum or guar flour or also xanthan gum or water-soluble starch products. The latter include for example methyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch, carboxymethyl starch or oxidatively degraded starch. However, preferred water-soluble macromolecular substances are water-soluble cellulose ethers are used. For example, methyl cellulose is suitable, Hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, Hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose.
Neben den erwähnten natürlichen wasserlöslichen makromolekularen Stoffen können auch die verschiedensten synthetischen Polymeren verwendet werden wie beispielsweise Polyacrylamid, die Alkalisalze von Polyacrylsäure, wasserlösliche Mischpolymerisate des Acrylamids mit am Stickstoff substituiertem Acrylamid wie etwa das Mischpolymerisat aus Acrylamid und N-tert.-Butylacrylamid. Ferner sind geeignet die wasserlöslichen Polyvinylmethyläther oder Polyvinylalkohol oder Polyvinylpyrrolidon sowie deren wasserlösliche Mischpolymerisate mit beispielsweise Vinylacetat. Schließlich können noch eingesetzt werden die Alkalisalze von Polystyrolsulfonsäure. In addition to the mentioned natural water-soluble macromolecular A wide variety of synthetic polymers can also be used for fabrics such as polyacrylamide, the alkali salts of polyacrylic acid, water-soluble Copolymers of acrylamide with acrylamide substituted on the nitrogen such as such as the copolymer of acrylamide and N-tert-butyl acrylamide. Furthermore are water-soluble polyvinyl methyl ether or polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone are suitable and their water-soluble copolymers with, for example, vinyl acetate. In the end the alkali salts of polystyrene sulfonic acid can also be used.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform können die makromolekularen wasserlöslichen Stoffe gleichzeitig mit dem zur Betonmischung notwendigen Zementanteil zugefügt werden. According to a preferred embodiment, the macromolecular water-soluble substances at the same time as the cement content required for the concrete mix be added.
Die wasserlöslichen makromolekularen Stoffe können sowohl in trockener pulvriger Form mit gewaschenem und gesiebtem Material zugesetzt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Stoffe zunächst mit Wasser anzuteigen oder zu lösen und sie in dieser Form zuzusetzen. Das Mischen erfolgt zweckmäßig in Zwangsmischern. The water-soluble macromolecular substances can both in dry powdery form with washed and sieved material can be added. But it is it is also possible to mix the fabrics with water or to dissolve them and put them in add to this form. Mixing is expediently carried out in compulsory mixers.
Der Zusatz an wasserlöslichen Cellulosederivaten erfordert.beim Aufbereitungswasser in der Regel keine besondere Einstellung des pH-Wertes. Lediglich bei stark saurer Reaktion erhöhen sich die Zugabemengen etwas, während mehr zum alkalischen Bereich hin etwas geringere Mengen erforderlich sind. The addition of water-soluble cellulose derivatives requires treatment water usually no special adjustment of the pH value. Only when it is very acidic Reaction, the added amounts increase slightly, while more towards the alkaline range somewhat smaller quantities are required.
Es ist zwar bekannt, daß Celluloseäther der genannten Art als Entwässerungshilfen von Erzfiotationskonzentraten, als Klärmittel und leimartige Flocker Verwendung finden können. Im vorliegenden Fall soll aber erstmals die Fähigkeit der genannten Mittel, Wasser aufzunehmen und für einige Zeit zu binden, im Rahmen eines Verfahrens zur Aufbereitung von Sand und Kies usw. dazu dienen, sowohl die Restfeuchte des Kiesmaterials als Anmachwasseranteil nutzbar zu machen als auch in Gegenwart des Zementanteils den Abbindevorgang hinauszuzögern. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn das Aufbereitungsgut zur Herstellung von Transport- oder Spritzbeton verwendet wird. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, einem Zementbrei Fruktose und Dextran zuzusetzen, damit der Abbindevorgang des Zements verzögert wird (deutsche Auslegeschrift 1 087 505). Diese Maßnahme dient dem Zweck, eine vorzeitige Entwässerung eines Zementbreis in Olbohrlöchern zu verhindern, was mit dem Problem der Aufbereitung von Betonzuschlagsmaterial technologisch nichts zu tun hat. Dennoch wurden Versuche mit Dextran und Fruktose unternommen, wobei sich jedoch herausgestellt hat, daß, abgesehen von dem für eine bautechnische Verwertung indiskutablen Kostenfaktor, sich in Gegenwart von Kalk chemische Verbindungen bilden, wodurch die Festigkeit des Beton-Prüfwürfels um mehr als 2501o herabgesetzt wird. It is known that cellulose ethers of the type mentioned can be used as drainage aids of ore concentration concentrates, as clarifying agents and glue-like flakes can find. In the present case, however, the ability of the named Means of absorbing water and binding it for some time as part of a procedure for the treatment of sand and gravel etc. serve to both the residual moisture of the To make gravel material usable as mixing water as well as in the presence of the The cement content to delay the setting process. This is particularly true of Advantage if the material to be processed is used for the production of ready-mixed or shotcrete is used. It is also known a cement paste fructose and dextran to add, so that the setting process of the cement is delayed (German Auslegeschrift 1 087 505). This measure serves the purpose of premature drainage of a cement paste in oil wells to prevent what with the problem of processing concrete aggregate material has nothing to do with technology. Still, attempts were made with dextran and fructose, but it has been found that apart from the cost factor which is indisputable for a structural recovery, in the present Chemical compounds of lime form, increasing the strength of the concrete test cube is reduced by more than 2501o.
Schließlich sind noch eine Reihe von handelsüblichen Dichtungs-, Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungsmitteln bekannt (Betonstein-Zeitung, 1965, S. 169 und 237), die aber dem Verwendungszweck des durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gewonnenen Zuschlagstoffes für wasserdurchlässigen Beton nicht dienlich sein können, weil sie sämtlich zur Verbesserung der Wasserdichtigkeit des Betons beitragen sollen.Finally, there are a number of commercially available sealing, acceleration and and delay means known (Betonstein-Zeitung, 1965, pp. 169 and 237), the but the intended use of the aggregate obtained by the method according to the invention can not be useful for water-permeable concrete because they are all for To improve the waterproofing of the concrete.
Beispiele Eine Kiesmischung, die die verschiedensten Anteile enthielt, wurde durch Naßklassierung in eine Fraktion der Körnung von 3 bis 7 mm und eine weitere der Körnung von 15 bis 30 mm aufgeteilt. Die Fraktionen hatten eine Restfeuchte von 10 ovo. Zu beiden Kiesfraktionen wurden folgende Zusätze gegeben, wobei auf jeweils 1 t folgende Zusätze entfielen: 1. 350g Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Viskosität in 2°lOiger Lösung bei 20"C nach Höppler 80 000 cP. Examples A gravel mixture that contained the most varied of proportions, was by wet classification into a fraction with a grain size of 3 to 7 mm and a further divided into grain sizes from 15 to 30 mm. The fractions had residual moisture from 10 ovo. The following additives were added to both gravel fractions, with In each case 1 t of the following additives were omitted: 1. 350 g of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, viscosity 80,000 cP in a 2 ° 10 solution at 20 "C according to Höppler.
2. 1300g Methylcellulose, Viskosität in 2 0/0iger Lösung bei 20"C nach H ö p ple r 300 cP. 2. 1300 g of methyl cellulose, viscosity in a 2 0/0 solution at 20 "C according to H ö p ple r 300 cP.
3. 700g Methylcellulose, Viskosität in 20/,iger Lösung bei 20"C nach H ö p ple r 300 cP. 3. 700g methyl cellulose, viscosity in 20% solution at 20 "C. H ö p ple r 300 cP.
4. 1800g Methylcellulose, Viskosität in 20l,iger Lösungbei200CnachHöppler300cP. 4. 1800g methyl cellulose, viscosity in 20l, iger solution at 200C according to Höppler 300cP.
5. 700g Methylcellulose, Viskosität in 2 0i0iger Lösung bei 20° C nach H ö p p 1 e r 4500 cP. 5. 700 g of methyl cellulose, viscosity in 20% solution at 20 ° C according to H ö p p 1 e r 4500 cP.
6. 400 g Hyroxydäthylcarboxylcellulose, Viskosität in 20l,iger Lösung bei 20"C nach Höppler 4000 cP.6. 400 g of hydroxyethyl carboxyl cellulose, viscosity in 20 l solution at 20 "C according to Höppler 4000 cP.
7. 1000 g Polyacrylamid, Viskosität in 10 0/0aber Lösung bei 20"C nach H ö p ple r 100 000 cP.7. 1000 g polyacrylamide, viscosity in 10 0/0 but solution at 20 "C according to Hö p ple r 100,000 cP.
8. 1600 g Guarmehl, Viskosität in 2°/Oiger Lösung bei200CnachHöpplerl0000cP.8. 1600 g guar flour, viscosity in 2% solution at 200C according to Hoepplerl0000cP.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19691953159 DE1953159B1 (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1969-10-22 | Process for processing sand and gravel as well as other mineral materials suitable as building material additives |
| AT29070A AT297569B (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-01-13 | Process for processing sand and gravel as well as other mineral materials suitable as building material additives |
| NL7013933A NL7013933A (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-09-21 | |
| NO357670A NO128323B (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-09-21 | |
| FR7037780A FR2066226A5 (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-10-20 | |
| ES384734A ES384734A1 (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-10-21 | Process for the production of a water-permeable porous concrete |
| CA096,168A CA941392A (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-10-21 | Method for the production of a water-permeable porous concrete and composition |
| GB4988370A GB1320234A (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1970-10-21 | Process for the production of a water-permeable porous concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19691953159 DE1953159B1 (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1969-10-22 | Process for processing sand and gravel as well as other mineral materials suitable as building material additives |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1953159B1 true DE1953159B1 (en) | 1970-12-10 |
Family
ID=5748873
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19691953159 Pending DE1953159B1 (en) | 1969-10-22 | 1969-10-22 | Process for processing sand and gravel as well as other mineral materials suitable as building material additives |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT297569B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1953159B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0710633A1 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-08 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Drain concrete |
-
1969
- 1969-10-22 DE DE19691953159 patent/DE1953159B1/en active Pending
-
1970
- 1970-01-13 AT AT29070A patent/AT297569B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0710633A1 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-08 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Drain concrete |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT297569B (en) | 1972-03-27 |
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