DE19503850C1 - Non-rotating straightening unit for bending machines with an integrated measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The non-rotating straightening unit (R) for bending machines with an integrated measuring system is characterised by the following facts: (a) the straightening unit contains at least one flexure measurement system (M) located after a straightening element (W); (b) at least one material segment of specified length is covered by this measurement system; (c) there is at least one mechanical and/or electronic and/or optical scanning device which is located along the material segment, and is capable of determining the magnitude and sense of flexure; (d) such a device produces signals representing the flexure, and feeds them to an adjustment drive (5) of at least one straightening element.The straightening unit (R) incorporates, sequentially one after another, straightening elements for different straightening planes. Directly after each straightening element there is a flexure measurement system measuring flexure in that particular plane. Alternatively, there is a flexure measurement system after both straightening elements measuring flexure in both straightening planes. The straightening unit incorporates preliminary and final straightening elements. In this case the flexure measurement system is located between these two elements, and signals from this system are fed to the adjustment drive of the final straightening element.

Description

The invention relates to a non-rotating straightener for bending machines with an integrated measuring device according to the Oberbe handle of claim 1.

In one from the magazine "DRAHT 32" (1981) 9, pp. 515-519, "Recent Developments in Straightening Bars and Wires, R. Fangmeier "known profile straightener (Fig. 9) with front straightening unit is at least for setting the delivery of the Straightening stones in the main straightening unit a manually operated Actuator provided. In connection with a two-roll Machine is explained in the same article that the Maschi adjustment after checking the first straightened rod regarding straightness and the like by an operator is corrected. With an automated two Rolling machine with process computer is also set the first rod is aligned and then measured. The operator again decides on the basis of the judging result man if corrections are necessary. The corrections can then either via the screen or conventionally from the control panel be made from. One in the two-roll machine or the profile straightener integrated measuring device will not explained.

From an article "Influence of distance between coil and Straightener on the straightening effect "of the magazine" DRAHT 45 (1994) 9, pp. 493-494 "it is known that the straightening effect in one Straightening apparatus by measuring the end curvature, and by raising a certain section of wire after judging is determined. An inte in the straightener The measuring device is not explained.

From AT-PS 342 946 a device for measuring the during a straightening process between straightening rollers on a metal strip  exerted tension known with the forces between the Tapped tape in front of the straightening rollers deflecting roller mills will.

In an article "Straighten round material", the magazine "Wirtworld 2/94, pp. 62-69" is used for two-roll straightening on the Use of a cell calculator and process visualization system that support the operator, enable user guidance and display of actual and Give target values of all process parameters and the like. Just for concrete materials and boundary conditions are statements in Form of reference diagrams, on the basis of which the have the necessary settings made. In which way the judge results are evaluated and with which judge is not explained.

Finally, from the magazine "Industrie-Anzeiger, No. 27 from 4.4.1986, pp. 31-23 "on" Regulated Deformation to Automa adjustment and straightening processes "with regard to straightening pro specified when straightening a rod with a discrete Number of measuring points at defined points, such as B. attached stepped or cranked waves, the whole wave at once measure and then using a controlled Verfor direction, using a position measuring system. Provided the accuracy of the measuring system is sufficient, this can also be exploited that reaching the target position immediately after to check the deformation. How and with which Device the basic, the attitude and the gere valid deformation determining measurement before straightening is not explained.

Straighteners are also known from EP 621 095 A1, EP 591 A1, DE-PS 10 34 576 and DE 41 04 550 A1. Although every straightening unit  is carefully adjusted, residual bends in the ge material often not avoided due to the Bending the material in the supply spool or in the coil, from Material variations over the length, from material inhomogeneity dimensional deviations of the material cross section or other not exactly predictable and not controllable influences. In practice are extraordinary dexterity and certain attention of the straightener supervising assembler required to ensure a consistently gu to achieve the best judging result or bends as far as possible avoidable in the long run. For further processing of wire or strip material after straightening are used for example, remaining bends of 1 mm per meter accepted, although it is even stricter depending on the application There are tolerances for directed material. For example, who which such straighteners used in bending machines (EP 0 258 109 A1). Inadmissible residual bends can be too high lead shot rate.

The invention has for its object a straightener to create the type mentioned at the convenient Handling inadmissible bends in the straightened material avoids.

The object is achieved according to the invention in the patent Claim 1 contained features solved.

Regardless of whether an incorrect setting of the dir stones or influences arising during operation a rest cause bend in the material, this bend in the measurement device determined to at least one stone then Set so that the bending tolerance is maintained. Time-consuming readjustments are no longer necessary. The reject rate  due to such bends is drastically reduced. The ge straightened material stands properly and also fulfills strict regulations for further processing. In which Straightener is a non-rotating Straightener. You can't just make a bend in one Eliminate one level, but it can bend in several Levels are identified and corrected. The straightener is especially for bending machines (two-dimensional or three dimensional bending machines), where high Straightening quality is a prerequisite for flawless end products. There is no need for a supervisor to stand at the straightener. It will in the measuring section, the z. B. extends over 250 mm, too a very small residual bend reliably picked up, and to mechanical and / or electronic and / or optical Wise. When the bend is scanned, the material is held to rule out external influences as much as possible.

Claims 2 to 4 relate to expedient embodiments of straighteners. Is behind a straightener for one Straightening level a straightening unit for another straightening level hen, then one is either directly behind each straightening unit Measuring device provided or it will be behind the two Straighteners Measuring devices for the two straightening levels are indicated arranges. By means of the measuring devices for the two straighteners NEN the straighteners are set accordingly, if egg ne residual bend or bends can be determined. Is one Jig for a leveling level a message for the subordinate the same level, then the measurement is located direction for this level between the straighteners to the message when a bend is found in the Adjust the level. Are sequential mills for different levels and also one after the other Messages are provided for these levels, then  either a measuring device for a before each message Judgment level provided or it will be in front of the news successively the measuring devices for the different Straightening levels provided to ent the message works ent adjust speaking. In the embodiment according to An Proof 2 is corrected retrospectively. Both Embodiments of claims 3 and 4, however, leave the The messages were always made without bending.

The embodiment according to claim 5 is space-saving because the Measuring devices for the different straightening levels in one Combination measuring device are summarized. It will Bends the material firmly in any level asked and corrected.

A structurally simple and reliable embodiment emerges from claim 6. The material is attached to the refe interpolation points positioned in the target pass axis. At the measuring point then becomes the bend due to the deviation of the material from the target pass axis to its size and scanned their sense to insert the straightening stones accordingly put.

The embodiment according to claim 7 is structurally simple since the rollers quickly and precisely on the target pass axis are adjustable if measurements have to be taken. Rolling with V-shaped peripheral surface can, for. B. for round material, for different diameters can be used without replacement. The embodiment according to claim 8 is also expedient. The curved material guides the wearer according to the bend delivery. The deflection is scanned to the extent and determine the sense of the bend. The sensor rea is either non-contact with the movement of the Trä gers. But it is also conceivable to use mechanical scanning,  e.g. B. with a digital dial gauge, and the deflection of the carrier in the scanning plane or straightening plane for generation of the control signals for setting alignment stones the.

In the embodiment according to claim 9 is non-contact sampled what can be used for rapid and precise control signals is. A proximity initiator based on the target pass axis is set, the deviation of from the target pass axis and generates a bend in Extent and signal representative in the sense. At opto-elek tronic scanning is done with multiple light barriers ken or with a band-shaped receiver with several emp catcher areas worked to determine if and how far the material deviates from the target pass axis.

In the embodiment according to claim 10, the Stellsi gnale generated with a signal evaluation and conversion unit.

The embodiment according to claim 11 is structurally simple. The adjustment screws usually provided for the Straightening stones are made via the servomotor or with several Actuators to the required extent and in the required twisted direction. It can all set screws or only a few selected ones can be used.

In the embodiment according to claim 12, the material scanned contactlessly in the measuring section. The Bending is done using a mathematical model calculation gear determined, expediently in several levels or at least the straightening levels of the straighteners together or is scanned one after the other.  

Overall, the material can be measured at each standstill and corrected if necessary. It is also conceivable, the straightener only at preselectable time intervals stop, measure and adjust if necessary. At It is using the straightener in a bending machine expedient, the usual breaks before pushing movement of the material to measure and correct use.

Embodiments of the inven subject of the explanation. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a straightening unit with straightening mechanism for a straightening plane, (not shown) could be seen, one or more straightening units for other planes before straightening,

Fig. 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6 further embodiments of straighteners,

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a measuring section of a measuring device, such as is useful in the above-th gezeig straighteners,

Fig. 8 shows a detail variant in a section perpendicular to the axis of passage of the material, and

FIG. 9 shows a detail variant in a view similar to that of FIG. 7.

In a straightening apparatus R according to FIG. 1 for straightening strip or wire material 3 , the material 3 is processed, for example, by a coil 2 . The straightener has a straightening unit W with several straightening stones 1 , for example Richtrol len. In the straightening unit W, the material 3 is bent over and trained in a leveling plane as usual. The straightening stones 1 are adjustable with the adjusting screws 4 transversely to the direction D of the material. Alternatively, the halves of the straightening unit W containing the straightening stones 1 could also be adjusted accordingly by means of the adjusting screws 4 . A material bending measuring device M for the material 3 which has already been straightened is arranged in the direction of flow D behind the straightening unit W. A deflection in the straightening plane is determined in the measuring device M. From the extent and sense of the determined bend signals are derived, which are transmitted to a unit 6 , with which at least one actuator 5 is driven to turn the adjusting screws 4 in order to readjust the straightening stones 1 or the halves of the straightening unit W, if a bend occurs. In an input part 7 , it is expedient to set a tolerance range for slight bends which are considered to be permissible, and also the response behavior of the measuring device M.

In the straightening apparatus R according to FIG. 2, a straightening unit WH with a horizontal straightening plane is placed in front of a straightening unit WV with a vertical straightening plane. Both straighteners have adjusting screws 4 for the straightening stones or the halves of the straighteners. In the direction of flow D behind the straightening unit WH a first measuring device MH and behind the straightening unit WV a second measuring device MV are provided, each of which actuates units 6 , 6 'actuators 5 and 5 ' for adjusting the adjusting screws 4 . Each measuring device M expediently scans in the level of the straightening unit in front of it.

Referring to FIG. 3, the two straightening units WH, WV work hinte the reinan. The two measuring devices MH, MV are arranged one after the other and behind the straightener MV.

It is appropriate according to FIG. 3a to use a combination measuring device MK for both straighteners WV, WH, which scans in at the straightening levels and outputs corresponding separate Stellsi signals for the setting of the straighteners.

At 17 in Fig. 2 quick opening mechanisms for the straighteners are indicated. The actuators 5 and 5 'could alternatively attack these mechanisms.

In FIG. 4, a message mechanism WHN for the same straightening plane is seen behind a jig WHV with a horizontal straightening plane. Behind the message mechanism WHN is followed by a jig WVV with a vertical straightening plane, behind which a message mechanism WVN is provided for the vertical straightening plane. The Meßvor directions MH and MV are each arranged between the preliminary and the message works. When a bend is detected, each measuring device controls the message mechanism assigned to it.

In the straightening unit shown in FIG. 5, the two works are Vorricht WHV and WVV with a horizontal or vertical directional plane immediately behind the other set. Behind it are the two message works WHN and WVN for the horizontal and vertical straightening levels. The measuring devices MH for the horizontal leveling level and the measuring device MV for the vertical leveling level are used between the leveling devices and the leveling devices to adjust each message accordingly.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, a similar arrangement as in FIG. 5 is made in the straightening apparatus. Instead of the two separate measuring devices MH and MV, however, a combination measuring device MK is arranged between the device and the message units before, which sets the two message units WHN and WVN separately and scans bends in the two directional levels for this purpose.

Fig. 7 illustrates schematically a measuring section S arranged in the measuring device M, MV, MH with a length L of z. B. 250 mm. In the measuring section S first and second reference bases F₁ and F₂ are provided. These are expediently formed by pairs of rollers 8 , which can be adjusted or set up centrally to adapt to the material cross-section, perpendicular to the direction of passage D. Between the reference support points F 1 and F 2 (or, if appropriate, these) a measuring point Z is provided , at which a bending of the material 3 in the drawing plane (here the leveling plane) is determined. For this purpose, a pair of rollers 8 'in a transverse to the direction D in a transverse guide 11 displaceably guided carrier 9 in opposite directions and centrally to adjustable. The carrier 9 can be moved back and forth by the material in the direction of the double arrow 10 and can be deflected out of the desired through-axis of the material 3 . The Rol lenpaar 8 'and the carrier 9 are smoothly movable. On the carrier 9 , a transducer 12 , for. B. an analog or digital proximity initiator, which is connected to the unit 6 . The deflection of a digital dial indicator 121 could also be tapped, which follows the movement of the carrier 9 with a key. With the unit 6 , the actuator 5 is in communication, which acts here on an adjusting screw 4 . The actuator 5 contains a hy draulic, electrical or pneumatic, and reversible servomotor 15 , which engages screw 4 via a tool 16 on the adjustment.

If there is a bend in the stopped material 3 (indicated by the upwardly curved material axis Y), then the carrier 9 is deflected as shown. The direction of the deflection and the extent of the deflection are transmitted from the measuring transducer 12 (or 12 ') to the unit 6 , in order to then turn the adjusting screw (s) 4 via the actuator and to further bend when the material is started again correct.

If a second measuring device is provided, then it is scanned in the other level. In the Kombinati ons measuring device MK can be scanned simultaneously or successively in both levels. It is then used with mechanical scanning a second carrier 9 offset by 90 ° at the measuring point Z.

It would be conceivable to touch the material at the measuring point Z in FIG. 7 in a contactless manner, in one or in both directional planes.

In Fig. 8, the target pass axis X is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. In the measuring section S is an arrangement of several contactless detectors T 1 and T 2 is provided as a scanning device T, which cross the material 3 in each other, the planes (at an angle β of approximately 90 °), for. B. electronically, opto. For this purpose, light sources 13 , 14 and receiver 13 ', 14 ' (LED with normal or infrared light; photo diodes) are provided, which sense the contour and the position of the con ture of the material 3 in relation to the desired through-axis X and in the event of deviations Bend generate meaningful signals. In Fig. 8, the vertical straightening plane of the straightening unit WV and the horizontal straightening plane of the WH straightening unit are indicated. Both detectors T₁ and T₂ work at an angle α of approximately 45 ° offset from the straightening planes. In this embodiment, the signals from the detectors T 1 and T 2 can be evaluated or converted separately or in combination, in order to generate the correct correction signals. From the scanning directions, however, could also be offset by 90 ° with respect to the straightening planes.

The described embodiments are Straighteners with non-rotating straighteners. The Abta The bending is performed with the law in the measuring section material. Setting the straightening stones or halves the straightening unit can be used when the material is shut down or when forward conveyed material.

The pairs of rollers 8 shown in FIG. 7 are expediently arranged and arranged in such a way that they have no influence on the curvature when the material 3 is positioned in the measuring section. It would also be conceivable to only guide supports in the reference support points F 1 and F 2 to the material and to position the material there with hold-down devices or magnets.

A measuring section S with the length L is indicated in FIG. 9, in which the bend is scanned completely without contact. Proximity initiators T _{1 '} , T _2' and T _{3 '} or similar non-contact scanning components (optoelectronic scanners) acting as scanners are connected to a computer R and measure (indicated by dashed lines) the different levels of the material in the same plane (in Fig. 9 of the drawing plane). The extent and the sense of the bend are determined in the computer from the distances and a corresponding signal for actuating the actuator 5 is generated. This type of non-contact scanning is practically independent of the cross-section and the thickness of the material 3 , so that when changing the straightener for straightening another material, the measuring device does not require any readjustment or retrofitting. The course of the bent material is simulated here, so to speak, in the computer and the bending is determined using this simulation. This can be done in only one straightening plane, but in a combination measuring device MK also in both straightening planes, or generally in several scanning planes offset by the nominal pass axis X, in order to be able to adjust the straightening units accordingly.

Claims (12)

1. Non-rotating straightener for bending machines with an integrated measuring device with at least one non-rotating in we at least one straightening level straightening unit for wire or strip material, with several successive, the material processing straightening stones, preferably Richtrol len, in the straightening plane and transverse to the pass axis of Material can be adjusted by means of at least one actuator, characterized in that in the straightening apparatus (R) in the direction of travel (D) of the material ( 3 ) behind the least one straightening unit (W, WH, WV, WHV, WHN, WVV, WVN) little least a material bending measuring device (M, MH, MV, MK) is provided, in which at least one measuring section (S) for a predetermined length of material (L) is seen before and along the measuring section (S) at least one the extent of Bending and the sense of bending determining mechanical cal and / or electronic and / or optical scanning device (T) is arranged with the scanning device (T) the measured bend of the material section representing signals can be generated, and that the actuator ( 5 , 5 ') at least one straightening stone is an actuator responsive to the signals with corrective actuating movements. 2. straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that the straightening device (R) a straightening unit (W, WH) for one straightening level and one straightening unit (WV) for another Leveling plane, and that either directly behind each Straightener a measuring device (MH, MV) for the straightening plane the upstream straightening unit or measuring devices (MH, MV) for both straightening levels behind the two straighteners (WH, WV) are arranged.   3. straightening apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the straightening apparatus (R) has a jig (WHV, WVV) and a message mechanism arranged behind this (WHN, WVN) for the same straightening level, and that the measuring device in each case between the jig and the message mechanism arranged and connected to the actuator ( 5 , 5 ') of the respective message transmission. 4. straightener according to claims 1 to 3, characterized records that the straightening apparatus (R) in front Straightening units (WHV, WVV) for different straightening levels and also one after the other and behind the pre-mills Message works (WHN, WVN) for the same judging levels points, and that either a measurement before each message device (MH, MV) for a level or in front of the the messages successively measuring devices (MH, MV) is provided for the different leveling levels or are, and that the scanning device (T) each measuring device tion with an actuator of a message si is connected to transmit signals. 5. straightening apparatus according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a scanning device (T) for different straightening levels in a single combination Measuring device (MK) is provided, and that the bend of the material with the scanner (T) several for Straightening level of a straightening in front of the measuring device factory scanned planes rotated around the pass axis (X) is cash. 6. straightening apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that within the measuring section (S) two spaced be in the flow direction, stationary reference support points (F₁, F₂) in the pass axis (X) of the material ( 3 ) and at least one of the two reference support points (F₁, F₂) te spacing, preferably between the reference support points de, measuring point (Z) are provided, and that the Tastvor direction (s) at or in the measuring point (Z) is or are arranged. 7. straightening apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that each reference support point (F1, F₂) two in opposite directions and transversely to the direction of travel (D) centrally on the through axis (X) adjustable, stationary supported rollers ( 8 ), preferably with a V-shaped retracted Circumferential surface ( 8 ''). 8. straightener according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that at the measuring point (Z) two oppositely and transversely to the direction of travel (D) to the material ( 3 ) bare followers, preferably easily rotatable Rol len ( 8 '), in a transverse to the direction (D) in a transverse guide ( 11 ) deflectable carrier ( 9 ) are provided, and that on the carrier ( 9 ) at least one signal generating the transducer ( 12 ) or ( 12 ') proximity sensor, digital dial gauge u. Like.) For deflections of the carrier ( 9 ) from the pass axis (X) is aligned. 9. straightener according to claim 6, characterized in that at the measuring point (Z) at least one non-contact transducer, for. B. a proximity initiator or an opto-electronic scanner ( 12 , 13 , 14 , 13 ', 14 ', T₁, T₂) on the material ( 3 ) is aligned. 10. straightener according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the respective scanning device (T) measuring device (M, MH, MV) or the combi nation measuring device (MK) with a signal evaluation and conversion unit ( 6 , 6 ') is connected in the control signals for controlling the respective actuator ( 5 , 5 ') can be generated. 11. straightening apparatus according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the straightening device (W, WH, WV, WHV, WHN, WVV, WVN) adjusting screws ( 4 ) for straightening stones ( 1 ) are provided and with at least one actuator ( 5 , 5 ') belonging servomotor ( 15 ), preferably a hydraulic or electrical, reversible servomotor ( 15 ), are connected to transmit motion. 12. straightener according to claim 4, characterized in that within the measuring section (S) at least in a common scanning plane several, preferably non-contact, Po sitionsaufnehmer (T _{1 '} , T _2' , T _{3 '} ) on the material ( 3 ) directs and signal-transmitting connected with a computer (R), with which the extent and meaning of a material bending can be determined using a mathematical model calculation process and converted into control signals for the actuator ( 5 , 5 ').