DE1814274A1 - Process and plant for the production of fruit juices - Google Patents

Description

KNAPSACK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
Knapsack near Cologne

K 808

Process and plant for the production of fruit juices

The present invention relates to a method of extraction of fruit juices by chopping fruit and pressing the mash obtained, as well as a system for carrying out this procedure.

Most fruits require pre-treatment before they are pressed in order to deliver maximum juice yield. Usually the material to be pressed is first ground. In the case of berries, after grinding, you can usually go to heating, Stirring, cold or warm fermentation to break down the natural pectins do not do without, in order to achieve profitable pressing times and yields to arrive. Apple, pears and quinces are usually simply grinded for the pressing process sufficiently prepared, provided that the fruit is fresh from the tree. Mealy, overripe fruits of these The kind that inevitably arise due to longer storage, on the other hand, cause considerable difficulties when pressing, by requiring much longer pressing times. An undesirable side effect manifests itself in the fact that the mash is due to excessive pressures and very slow release of the juice from the press doors in packing presses or Presses out drum slots in drum presses. To counter this problem, it is sometimes common to use the mash add inert fibers such as asbestos or cellulose. This loosens the press cake and practically interspersed with capillaries, so that a better, although generally not a satisfactory process

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- 2 of the juice is guaranteed.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that it is possible to increase the juice yield during pressing and to shorten the prefix times if powdery, chemically inert pesticides are added to the mash obtained by chopping fruit before pressing, which are insoluble in this mash and have a smaller grain size 40 / U _t preferably from 0.001 to 1.0 / U.

These pesticides are added to the mash in amounts of from 0.005 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.02 to 0.5% by weight.

Suitable chemically inert solids are primarily bentonite, diatomaceous earth or aluminum oxide, or preferably colloidal silica, finely grained silicon dioxide or insoluble i-silicophosphoric acid.

The method of operation according to the invention results in a A number of key advantages:

The mash separates more juice from the start, so that its conveying properties are significantly improved. In general, the untreated mash is only transported intermittently by means of the usual mash pups, as can be seen very well in transparent conveying hoses. Mixing in the solids enables the mash to flow continuously and thus increase the pumping capacity due to the resulting liquid consistency of the mash.

Furthermore, when the mash is fed into the press, the juice run-off is up to 20 volumes larger, so that the pressed material has a lower amount of juice even before the actual pressing process and the colouration.

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gen of the press is relatively enlarged, i.e. that with a Pressing up to 20 volumes ^ more mash can be processed.

In the first pressing, the one treated according to the invention delivers Mash up to 20 volumes ^ additional amount of juice. According to experience a second pressing is worthwhile. In addition, however, especially with less valuable pressed goods, further pressing processes are dispensed with, whereas an untreated mash to achieve equivalent yields Needs to be squeezed 3-4 times.

All of these points result in a time saving or capacity increase of approx. $ 40.

The efficiency of the method according to the invention is to be demonstrated on the basis of examples of laboratory and practical tests carried out demonstrated:

example 1

of the species "Grany" were in a grinder, such as it is common in the household, ground and aliquot parts of the mash with defined amounts of colloidal silica or insoluble urilicophosphoric acid added. Las meddling the aggregates took place by intensive stirring by means of a mechanical paddle stirrer over a period of 5 Minutes. With a tincture press, the pressure plate of which could be operated by hand via a spindle, the Squeezed mash. The juice from two pressings was collected and the amount measured to determine the yield. It Care was taken that the pressing of the individual samples took place under the same conditions (time, pressure) went.

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Result:
Table 1

Parts by weight surcharge
fabric per 1000 weights
share mash Parts by volume of juice
per 1000 Gewients
telle mash More from people
in volume; ',
based on
Blinaprv.be 0 (blank sample) 700 0.5 colloids
Silica 750 7.1 1.0 colloids
Silica 800 14.3 0.5 insoluble
Silicophos-
phosphoric acid 743 6.1 1.0 insoluble
Silicophos-
phosphoric acid 756 8.0 Example 2

After washing, fresh cider apples were ground to a mash using a pin mill common in sweet cider mills, which was mixed with aggregates and pressed with a rotating, horizontal drum press. About the same volume of maize was obtained, according to the invention treated or untreated for comparison purposes, for pressing. The juice yields were measured and compared compared. In addition, the pressing times and the amount of juice that occurred spontaneously, that is, were recorded without pressing.

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Result:

Table 2

Blind
search 1420 attempt
1 attempt
2 Addition of colloidal
Silica in (kg) - 76.0 2 2 Pressed material (1) 1870 10 1900 1880 1st pressing: Spontaneous juice drainage in (1) 1040 1200 1233 in (volume ^) 55.6 63.2 65.6 Total amount of juice in (1) 1240 1457 1476 in (volume ^) 66.3 76.6 78.5 Pressing time (min.) 25th 23 24 2nd pressing: Total amount of juice (1st + 2nd pressing) in (1) 1580 1573 " in (volume ^) 83.2 83.7 Pressing time (min.) 4th 4th

3rd pressing:

Total amount of juice (1st, 2nd, 3rd pressing)

in (1) 1544 1645 1622 in (volume ^) 82.6 86.6 86.3 pressing time (min.) 8 8 7

4. Pressing:

Total amount of juice (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th pressing)

in (1) 1612 1665 1666

in (volume ^) 86.2 87.6 88.6

Press time (min.) 7 7 7

A system such as is suitable for practicing the method according to the invention is shown in the following drawing.

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The fruits to be tasted pass through a washing device 1 and then reach a mill 3 via a conveyor 2. The mash leaving the mill 3 falls into an intermediate container 5 _f, the discharge of which can be regulated via a slide or a valve. The additives are metered into the intermediate container 5 by means of a suitable metering device 4. This processing step, that is to say the metering at this point, is essential because it ensures a good pre-distribution of the additives. By means of the pump 6, the mash is pressed into a Mayach container 7 equipped with a stirrer, in which a final homogenization of the mash and aggregates is carried out. From this mash container 7, the mash then passes into a pressing device 8. The juice flowing out of this IreS device θ is collected in a collecting device 9 and from there fed via a line 10 for further processing.

BAO ORIQlNAL

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Claims (4)

- 7 claims 1. A process for the production of fruit juices by crushing fruit and pressing the mash obtained, characterized in that before pressing the mash pulverulent, chemically inert solids are added which are insoluble in this and have a grain size of less than 40 / u, preferably ταη 0.001 to 1.0 / u. 2. Procedure according to. Claim 1, characterized in that the solids are added in amounts of from 0.005 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.02 to 0.5% by weight. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized «in that the chemically inert solids used are bentonites, diatomaceous earth or aluminum oxide or, preferably, colloidal silicic acid, very fine-grained silicon dioxide or insoluble silicophosphoric acid. 4. Plant for performing the method according to one of the claims 1-3, from a washing device (1), via a conveyor (2) with a mill (3) 1st connected, an intermediate container (5) »in which a transfer device of the mill (3) and a metering device (4) for solids to be added opens and a pump (6), which the intermediate container (5) with an agitator provided Ilaischebehält (7) connects, the outlet of which leads to a pressing device (8), which with a A collecting device (9) for the pressed juice is provided, to which a line (to) is connected, which carries the pressed juice for further processing. 009826/0998 Blank page