DE156061C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE156061C DE156061C DENDAT156061D DE156061DA DE156061C DE 156061 C DE156061 C DE 156061C DE NDAT156061 D DENDAT156061 D DE NDAT156061D DE 156061D A DE156061D A DE 156061DA DE 156061 C DE156061 C DE 156061C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- shell
- heating
- hydrogen
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
M 156061 KLASSE 21 ä. M 156061 CLASS 21 Ä.
Es sind bereits elektrische Heizvorrichtungen bekannt, welche aus einem in eine metallische Hülle eingeschlossenen Heizwiderstande bestehen. Der Heizeffekt dieser Vorrichtungen ist aber ein höchst unwirtschaftlicher, weil das Metall, durch welches die Wärme an die umgebende Luft usw. übertragen werden soll, von der Wärmequelle (Heizwiderstand), von welcher es die Wärme erhält, in derThere are already known electrical heating devices, which from a metallic Sheath enclosed heating resistors exist. The heating effect of these devices but is a highly uneconomical one because of the metal through which the heat is attached the surrounding air etc. is to be transferred from the heat source (heating resistor), from which it receives the warmth in which
ίο Regel durch eine die Wärme sehr schlecht leitende Atmosphäre getrennt ist, so daß die Wärmeübertragung von der Wärmequelle auf die Metallhülle beeinträchtigt wird. Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung ist diesem Übelstände nun in zweckbewußter Weise dadurch abgeholfen, daß zwischen die metallene Hülle und den Heizwiderstand eine gut wärmeleitende und zugleich indifferente Atmosphäre eingeschaltet wird, um zwischen der Wärmequelle und der Hülle das zu einer vollkommenen Wärmeübertragung fehlende Zwischenglied herzustellen. Zwar kann auch nach der amerikanischen Patentschrift 606792 eine Füllung mit einem inerten Gas wie Stickstoff erfolgen; indem aber die amerikanischen Erfinder diese Füllung als gleichwertig mit der Evakuierung des Heizkörpers hinstellen, zeigen sie, daß sie den Vorteil, den gerade bei mit Metallhüllen ausgestatteten .ίο rule by one the heat is very bad conductive atmosphere is separated so that heat transfer from the heat source on the metal shell is affected. According to the present invention, this is disadvantageous now helped in a purposeful way that between the metal shell and the heating resistor a good heat-conducting and at the same time indifferent atmosphere is switched to between the heat source and to produce the intermediate member of the sheath that is lacking for perfect heat transfer. Although can also according to the American patent 606792 a filling with an inert gas such as Nitrogen take place; but by the American inventor this filling as equivalent with the evacuation of the radiator, they show that they have the advantage of the ones that are currently equipped with metal shells.
Heizkörpern die Füllung mit einem die Wärmeübertragung vermittelnden Gas bietet, nicht erkannt und somit an die Behebung des erwähnten Übelstandes nicht gedacht haben. Die Atmosphäre nun, welche diesem Zwecke am besten entspricht, ist eine Atmo-Sphäre aus Wasserstoff, dessen hohes Wärme- ■ Übertragungsvermögen von Grove entdeckt und von den Physikern Magnus und Ty η dall experimentell nachgewiesen wurde. Das Wärmeübertragungsvermögen des Wasser-Stoffes ist zwar schon zur Herstellung von gläsernen Heizbirnen verwendet worden. Eine nach den Angaben der" Patentschrift 141089 hergestellte Heizbirne bietet aber für sich noch dadurch Übelstände, daß die von dem Wasserstoffe eingeleitete gute Übertragung der Wärme von dem hellen Glasschirme, welcher die Hülle der Heizbirne bildet, zum Teil wieder ausgeschaltet wird. Der beste Beweis hierfür liegt wohl darin, daß nach kurzer Brenndauer die Temperatur in der Birne so hoch steigt, daß ein Platzen der letzteren unter dem Drucke des Wasserstoffes eintritt.Radiators are filled with a gas that provides heat transfer, did not recognize and therefore did not think of remedying the above-mentioned deficiency. The atmosphere now, what this Purposes best, is an atmosphere of hydrogen, whose high heat ■ Transmittance discovered by Grove and by physicists Magnus and Ty η dall has been proven experimentally. The heat transfer capacity of the water substance has already been used to manufacture glass heating bulbs. One according to the information in the "patent specification 141089 produced heating bulb but still offers drawbacks in that the good heat transfer from the bright glass screen, introduced by the hydrogen, which forms the shell of the heating bulb, is partly switched off again. The best evidence for this is probably that after a short burning time the temperature in the pear rises so high that it bursts the latter enters under the pressure of hydrogen.
Bei dem Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung dagegen ist die Übertragung der Wärme nach außen eine vollkommene, da der Wasserstoff in eine Metallhülle eingeschlossen ist, welche bekanntlich die Wärme sehr gut leitet und so die von dem Wasserstoff eingeleitete Übertragung der Wärme nach außen fortsetzt und vervollständigt.In contrast, the subject of the present invention is the transfer of Heat to the outside is perfect, since the hydrogen is enclosed in a metal shell which is known to conduct the heat very well and so that of the hydrogen initiated transfer of heat to the outside continues and completed.
Sofern auf einen vollkommenen Nutzeffekt der Vorrichtung kein besonders großer WertUnless the device is fully effective, it is not particularly important
gelegt wird, kann die Metallhülle durch eine | Hülle aus dunklem, für Wärme gut durchlässigem Glase ersetzt werden.is placed, the metal shell can be replaced by a | Cover made of dark, well permeable to heat Glasses are replaced.
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE156061C true DE156061C (en) |
Family
ID=422478
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT156061D Active DE156061C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE156061C (en) |
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- DE DENDAT156061D patent/DE156061C/de active Active
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