DE1425373A1 - Disc brakes, especially for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DIpI. Ing.FY / sickmsnn, Dr. Ing. L VJcHi ^ snn

Dipl. Ing. H. Wck'.jnar.a, Dipl. Pliys. ÜrÄjka &
8 Munich 27, BöhistraBe 22

357.425

Socie'te 'Anonymous ANBES

Disc brakes, especially for motor vehicles Priority in France, dated December 13, 1962

The subject of the invention is a disc brake, in particular for motor vehicles, with a rigid frame, which the brake pads and the device for pressing the same on the two opposite sides of the with the to be braked, rigidly connected disc carries sound such Brakes, the invention relates in particular, although not exclusively, to brakes with hydraulic actuation with at least one variable volume system, often, as assumed below, by a single arrangement is formed with cylinder and piston and between one of the brake pads and dea frame on which the other brake pad is attached, is arranged

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The invention is particularly aimed at such To train brakes in such a way “that they better than before the various Correspond to the requirements of practice »in particular to. visible in their economical production and simplicity * their assembly and their setting

In accordance with the invention, egg for is one brake lining load-bearing rigid order of such brakes with a fixed one Rope of the arrangement in which the brake is to be installed « connected by a hinge that allows rotation about an in Reference to this feil fixed axis allows this joint is provided at one end of the frame so that it is outside the outline of the disc, the axis of this joint on the one hand being practically in the plane of the disc, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, and on the other hand is practically parallel to the radius of the disc, which connects the pivot point of the same with the line parallel to the axis of rotation of the disc, which goes through the centers of the action of the brake linings on the disc *

According to a further characteristic of the invention, the rigid frame of the brakes is formed by a plate which is formed by the union of two flanges placed next to one another and, when the two flanges are in contact with one another, has a plane of symmetry which is perpendicular to the plane of the disk of the brake and with respect to which each flange is practically symmetrical to the other, the plate being recessed in its center for the passage of at least one segment of the disc and for access to the brake pads.

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The invention is hereinafter referred to explained on the drawing by way of example "

Pig. 1 to 8 show in plan view or in section along the line II-II of Fig * 1 or along the * broken line III-III of FIG. 1 or along the line IY-IT of FIG. 1 or in a view along the arrow V in FIG. 4 or in section along the lines VI-VI, VII-VII and VIII-VIII of FIG. 1 frame according to the invention for a disc brake

FIG. 9 shows the top view with a break away from FIG Share a double disc brake according to the invention to which the frame shown in Fig. 1 to 8 is related.

Figures 10-14 are sections along the broken ones Lines Z-Z and ZI-ZI of Fig. 9 or along lines ZII-XII, ZIII-ZIII and ZIV-ZIV of Fig. 9.

Fig. 15 shows in a partially sectioned view View of another embodiment of one shown in FIG Arrangement.

In the following it is assumed that an arrangement is to be produced with two disc brakes with hydraulic actuation, the sliding disks 1 of which on the im general horizontal right and left output shaft halves of the differential housed in the housing 2 are fixed are, the housing often with 'the housing of the gearbox of a motor vehicle with a spring-loaded differential is common, regardless of whether it is a front or rear drive axle bridge is

On the right as well as on the left side of the housing 2 is a pivot pin 3 with a vertical axis

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provided which feet are attached to a part let »z« B « the traverse shown in the top rope of the jig · 9, which in turn is attached to the housing of the differential. You two pins 3 are above and behind the half-waves of the Differential in such a way that the following assembly can take place

For each brake a frame is made which has the shape of a plate 4, which in its cement a Has elongated opening 5 through which the upper part of the can kick the corresponding disc "

This plate carries a hydraulic brake device · This has one side on one of the long sides of the elongated opening 5 a first brake lining 6, which in relation is fixed on the plate and carries a work surface, which is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the plate, and on the other hand on the other long side of the opening 5 a second brake pad 7, which is opposite the pad 6 and in the direction of this for plague pressing the disc 1 through a piston 8 can be advanced, which is arranged in a cylinder 9, in which a hydraulic pressure can be produced

At the very rear of the plate 4, a hole 10 is provided, which is applied to the corresponding pin 3 can be so that a joint arises, which a rotation around a vertical axis fixed with respect to the housing 2 of the differential, the design being made so that this joint, as can be seen in FIGS. 9 and 10, outside the outline of the disc practically in the plane it lies above and behind the axis of rotation of the disk,

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so that the axis of these joints is perpendicular to the axis of the Disc and is practically parallel to the (perpendicular) radius of the disc, which is the pivot point of the disc with the to the axis of rotation of the disc connects parallel line passing through the centers of action of the linings 6 and 7 on the Seheibe goes

Schliesslioh are near the end of the order Plate 4- devices for horizontal guidance (e.g. a horizontal sliding engagement) in a height that corresponds to the position that results from the pivoting, which the plate, if necessary, must run around the joint 3-10, provided between this plate and a fixed part of the system, this fixed part being e.g. a pinger 11, which is carried by the differential housing and engages in a recess in the plate

The linings of a brake designed in this way can if necessary, as is known per se and clearly shown in Pig · 9, be cut obliquely so that they are at the end of the wear and tear have an approximately uniform thickness ».

The above training creates a disc brake system with a single actuating cylinder, which in addition to other gate parts the gate part has a particularly simple and therefore economical production

That by the horizontal guidance of the Torderendea The joint 5-1Q completed in the plate gives the plate a mobility which stubbornly suffices for the change in position resulting from the wear and tear of the coverings no other mobility is required, especially if the discs are located directly at the exit of the half-waves of the diff

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rentiale from the housing of the same lie *

The above training can be according to another Characteristics of the invention are improved. According to this the frame of the Bremsβ is formed by a plate 4, which through the union of two plan- ■ see is formed from drawn sheet metal, in such a way that the frame 4 after the juxtaposition and the fixed union the pool has a plane of symmetry with respect to which each flange is symmetrical to the other, this plate having the mentioned opening 5 in its center ©.

They attach the juxtaposed flanges

to each other is carried out by welding points, as in

in the left part of the Pig. 1 shown / which each small

Cross represents a welding point. . -.-.:-

Each plate has the clearly outlined plan Pig * 1 and 9, i.e. * a generally rectangular shape Shape which on one side in the longitudinal direction of the plate is extended by an arm 12 (Fig. 1), at the end the hole 10 is formed.

The floor plan does not necessarily have the plates. an axis of symmetry · Ba however that is created by the union of the two flanges forming one and the same plate "arrangement formed has a plane of symmetry, it is possible, as in

Fig. 9 shows the same arrangement of two flanges

ο either on the right or the left side of the housing of the

Differentials to interact with either one or ^ to be used with the other of the two brake discs « ., Technical therefore only a single flange

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described, as the training of the other then takes place by itself results «In the following bedding it is assumed that

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the flange shown in fig. 1 shown, ie. on the left Side of Fig. 9, the side facing the observer being the outside (upper side) and the The front end of the plate is the one lying below on these figures Volumes corresponds.

In the example shown, this flange has an overall length which, in terms of magnitude, can be somewhat greater than twice its width, but it is it is understood that this dimensional relationship never occurs with others Braking may be another, in particular according to the. the braking power required, the diameter of the disc 1, the materials used, etc.

Each flange expediently has at least one the following mark on ι

- Firstly, a practically flat floor made of sheet metal with sufficient rigidity to achieve the desired level of rigidity Thicknessι

- Secondly, a bent hand 13, which extends over the entire circumference of the flange and to the Stiffening of the same serves, the height of this band taking into account the Bleohdioke, the Ziehmogliohkeiten and the Expansion of the zone to be stiffened at every point as far as possible is made large and can be provided perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the plate to be produced j

- Thirdly, an identical, curved edge 14 on the inner circumference of the position of the coverings 6 and 7 and of the Cylinder 9 surrounding sections of the opening 5 »which rear and in front in simple seat braid 15 lying in a fluoht without high-curved band runs out, which are cut out in the sheet metal for the passage of the circumference of the disc 1}

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• - fourth on the band of the inner circumference of the on. the left side of the slots 15 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) lying section of the opening 5 a zone 16 which has a corresponding inclination (35 ° in the drawing) with respect to the floor of the flange and connects this bottom to the belt 14 located at this point, this zone 16 (as well as the adjacent band 14) in the basic ring approximates the shape of a S clearly visible in FIG. 1, so that the band 14 has a central length section which is smaller than the The distance between the front and rear ends of the belt 14 is • forms a support surface 17 with limited surface area; - fifth right (Fig. 1) from the opening 5

one that extends over the entire width of a wide zone Section 18, which is drawn according to a half cylinder, whose axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the flange, ao that, as can be seen in Fig. 12, after the union of two one flanges symmetrical to one another, recess for receiving of the brake cylinder 9 arises;

- sixth, in the roof of the end of the arm 12 but before the zone occupied by hole 10 a section 19, which is also according to a flattened half cylinder is drawn, which extends over the entire width of the end and, as can be seen in Figs. 10 and 11, after union a recess of two mutually symmetrical flanges forms for receiving a helical spring 20 explained below;

-,. ', .. - seventh, a drawn zone 21, which the Occupies the end of the arm 12 around the hole 10 (dashed hatched zone in Fig. 1) and opposite the flat bottom of the Flange is superelevated, which allows free movement of the below

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explained lever 38 is enabled}

- eighth behind the drawn section 13 on the right

(in Pig x 1) from the rear slot 15 and ror the drawn one

through section 19 a (in lig · 1 a / to the lines of zone 21 oblique lines hatched) zone 22, which opposite the flat bottom of the flange is elevated (this jöbene sod extending over the zone hatched in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1 extends, in which the white points are also indicated) to accommodate the holder of the entire brake system to enable;

- ninth near the front end of the flange at the inner edge of the same, i.e. the edge facing the plane of symmetry of the vehicle, an edge (also dashed in FIG hatched) zone 23 »which is elevated compared to the flat bottom of the flange, this elevation after cleaning of the two flanges forming a plate 4 forms the recess in which the sliding finger 11 is guided, which the horizontal guidance of the front end of the plate 4 when it is pivoted about the joint 3-10}

- Tenth, to stiffen the flange in the transition zone between the flat bottom of the flange and the drawn section 19 a certain number of rhombus-shaped Bumps 24, which give this transition zone a rigid shape of a non-developable surface

The installation of the brake pads and the brake cylinder in the dtr Plate 4 formed in the manner described above can be as follows take place if it is assumed that at each of the btidtn Brtmetn calibrate the plate 4 in relation to the Differtntialgthäuet, 4Ju

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in relation to the corresponding brake disc in the final located

The description below applies to the Pig's left rope. 9 and refers to the location of this figure

Through the inside of the opening 5 is the Bremszy-. Linder 9 is introduced into the cylindrical recess delimited by the drawn sections 18, which is closed by a reinforcement plate 25, which has a passage 26 for the bore 27 (FIG. 9) for supplying the pressure fluid, whereupon the piston 8 also enters the cylinder 9 from the inside is used

Egg on is from top to bottom between the bottom of the piston 8 and the disc 1 of the rectangular brake lining 7 inserted, which is carried on the left by a holder 28, which is held in its position by fitting into a recess, which is in the left surface of a rectangular Support members 29 is formed, which in turn in the transverse direction between the front and rear left land 14 of the Opening 5 is inserted and so at the top and bottom by tabs 30 abuts against these bands 14, the assembly of the overall arrangement taking place in such a way that the bottom of the piston 8 is directly acts on the convex right side of the support part 29.

Finally, from top to bottom between the Disc and the support zone 17 of the elevated belt 14 to the left of the opening 5 of the brake lining 6 (also rectangular in shape) • inserted, which is carried by a holder 31, which is held in place by the fact that it is held in place by rags 32 hits the belt 14 "

A simple spring 33, e.g. from a corresponding

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shaped piano wire, τοη left the file 51 »6, 7 »28 and 29 and thus prevent them from lifting as long as the spring is not removed.

This spring 55 can be inserted with its left end into a hole 34 which is to the left of the support zone 17 goes through the two adjacent flanges, and then horizontally across the stack of files 51, 6, 7 »28 and 29, laying them in grooves 55» 56 which are in the upper! other of the holders 29 and 51 are formed.

The operation of the above brake is straightforward clear and does not need to be explained · It is supposed to be against nooh a particularly torteilliche embodiment of an auxiliary brake mechanism can be explained, which can be combined with the above arrangement.

For this purpose, a hole 57 is provided in the vicinity of an edge of the opening 5 on the side of the axis 5, which goes through the two spatially distant zones of the two flanges placed next to one another.

Between the two zones 22 of the flanges placed next to one another, e.g. 4 mm apart, a Game a flat lever 58 inserted

This flat lever can be pivoted with its lower end on an eccentric 59, so the two of them wipe Flanges arranged and rigidly connected with pins which are inserted into the holes 57 opposite one another. The angular position of the eccentric in relation to the axis of the holes 57 can be adjusted, and after this adjustment it can be held in place with respect to the plate 4 by tightening a lock nut 40.

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The lever is old in the yard of its Yorderendee provided an approach 41, which is explained below spring 20 τοη left to right ron the trailing edge of the right Side of the support part 29 stops away.

The lever 38 has the shape of an arm to the rear for a suitable usable length, which by the free Space between the drawn zones 22 of the adjacent Flanges goes, and at its free end in the transverse direction engages the spring 20, which is drawn between the rear Sections 19 housed and left on a traverse 42 (Fig. 13) is anchored, which lies on the outside against the left edges 13 of the plate 4 and is held in that their ends bent by 90 ° in holes 43 of these edges 13 enter.

The spring 20 is looking for the end of the lever 38 pull to the left and keep the auxiliary brake released.

Ss is then sufficient, e.g. by transferring with a cable 44 located in a flexible sheath 45 the to connect opposite rear ends of the two levers of the right and left brakes of an assembly, by simply pressing this transmission at the same time apply the two auxiliary brakes.

It is obviously useful that the two anchoring points of the cable transmission 44 to the rear Ends of the ^ two levers 38 to the corresponding pin 3 as possible to be close

Namely, when the brake pads are tightened, the processes proceed as if the assembly were a single one Piece bil'det, and the pull of the cable acts on this arrangement with the axis of the pin 3 as the reaction point. If these 7-

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anchor points of the pin 3 and in particular from the to If the disc's perpendicular axis passing through the center of this peg were removed, the plates would be attached to the disc trim off what a deformation of one or the other of these file! could have resulted "

Two breakthroughs 46 (pigs 7 and 9) with tongues bent around on the inside opposite one another at suitable points in the zones 22 of the flanges placed one against the other are expedient formed, which creates a stop for the lever 38 in the sense of the release of the auxiliary brake «

Purely to assemble the above arrangement, the lever 38 and its eccentric 39 are used before the two Flanges are welded together. After that, of course the lever and eccentric included, but this is not disadvantageous, since their expansion is practically never necessary.

According to a modification of the design, the The plane of the plate or plates carrying the brake linings is not horizontal above the half-waves carrying the brake disks but can have any other position, although it is well understood that it is parallel to the common axis of the half-waves remains · This plane can be inclined ζ · Β · forward or lie perpendicularly in front of the half-waves or assume any other position which corresponds to that which the The plane of the described plate or plates would occupy with a rotation of this plane around the axis of the half-waves.

According to another in Pig. 15 shown In a variant embodiment, an intermediate piece 29 is no longer provided between the brake lining holder 28 and the piston 8 “Tig” 9

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then became the symmetry in relation to the median plane one represent each visible disc in Fig. 15, the Brake pad holder 28 and 31 are identical to each other .undjsich both on the bent-up band of the opening 5 through the same Support tab 32 · The piston 8 then appropriately on the circumference an annular collar 8a, which is with the entire free edge of this collar or with a rope of the same against the holder 28

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Claims (1)

Jp Claims 1 ·) Disc brake, especially for motor vehicles, with a rigid frame which holds the brake pads and the direction of the gate to the Andruokung the same do to both opposite sides of the rigid with the part to be braked associated soy, characterized in that the a rigid frame (4) carrying a brake lining with a fixed part of the arrangement in which the brake is to be installed » is connected by a joint which allows rotation about an axis (3) which is fixed in relation to this part, where dtsee Articulation is provided at one end of the frame so that it lies outside the outline of the disc (1), the Aohse (3) this joint on the one hand practically in the plane of the sole plate, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the sole plate, and on the other hand practically parallel to the radius of the sole plate, which connects the fulcrum of the same with the line parallel to the axis of rotation of the sole plate, passing through the centers the action of the brake pads (6, 7) on the sole plate. 2 «) Disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid frame carrying the brake linings (4) Has the shape of a plate of generally planar Torrn, welohe has a central elongated opening (5) through which the The upper part of the sole plate (1) occurs, the plate being extended to the rear by an arm (12) which, with its rear end, is connected to the said fixed part by the said joint is united. 3 ·) Disc brake according to claim 1 and 2, characterized marked that the plate on one long side of the elongated * 909805/0231 opening (5) «in the first fixed with respect to the plate Brake lining (6) carries, while the other long side of the elongated opening (5) a system of variable volume (8, 9) carries »whichβ can press a second brake lining (7) against the disc (1). 4 ») Disc brake according to claim. 1, characterized in that the plate (4) in the vicinity of its front end Guide devices (23) carries which the plate in their Keep pivoting movement around the joint in its own plane ; 5) Disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that indicates that, in a manner known per se, of the brake linings (6, 7) the one at the front is a few millimeters thicker than at the back and the other at the back is a few millimeters thicker than Tome. 6.) Disc brake preferably according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid frame is formed by cleaning two flanges placed next to one another, the plate formed by these juxtaposed planes having a plane of symmetry perpendicular to the plane of the brake disc, with respect to which each flange practically closes the other is symmetrical, with this plate in its center is recessed for the passage of at least a portion of the disc and for access to the brake linings. 7.) Disc brake according to claim 6, characterized in that the flanges by parts made of drawn sheet metal are formed, which are expediently connected to one another by welding points. 8v) disc brake according to claim 1 and 6, characterized characterized in that the plate in plan is a general ■ -M.V -. V ^ 1- ^ 90 9 80 5/02 31 has a rectangular shape, which is extended on one side in the long direction of the plate by an arm (12) whose The end of the joint is pivotable 9 ·) Disc brake according to claim 6, characterized in that each puddle has at least one of the following characteristics: a) a practically level floor; b) one over the entire circumference of the flange extending upwardly curved stiffening edge (13) »which is perpendicular to said plane of symmetry; c) an identical upwardly bent band (14) on the inner circumference of the section of the opening (5) surrounding the location of the brake linings (6, 7), which extends to the rear and to Rome runs out into aligned slots (15) which have no upwardly bent band and are cut out in the sheet metal for the passage of the circumference of the disc (1); d) on the band of the circumference of the left (Fig. 1) from the slots (15) lying section of the opening (5) an inclined zone with respect to the bottom of the flange (16), which connects the bottom with the strip strip (14) surrounding the opening and is approximately in the shape of an S in plan has, in such a way that the upwardly bent band surrounding the opening at a middle section of its length, which is less than the distance between the front end and the rear end of the Belt forms a support zone with a limited surface area; e) right (Fig. 1) of the opening (5) a calibration over the entire width of a wide zone extending sucked portion (18), which is a semi-cylinder with one to the Longitudinal direction of the flange forms the vertical axis, which 9 0 9 8 0 5/0231 after union τοη two mutually symmetrical flanges forms a recess for receiving the brake cylinder (9)} f) near the end of the arm (12) but gate of the from the hole (10) occupied zone one also drawn Section (19) which forms a flattened half-cylinder which extends over most of this end and after the union of two symmetrical flanges forms a recess for receiving a helical spring (20)) g) a drawn zone (21), which is the end of the Arms (12) around the hole (10) and in relation to the the flat bottom of the flange is raised; h) behind .the semi-cylindrical drawn section (18) to the right (Pig x 1) of the rear slot (15) and in front of the in the form of a flattened half-cylinder drawn section (19) one raised in relation to the flat bottom of the flange lateral zone (22); i) near the front end of the flange at its inner edge »that is, facing the plane of symmetry of the vehicle, an elevated zone (23) in relation to the flat bottom of the flange», this elevation after the union of two flanges to form a plate the encompassing part of the guiding devices according to claim 4 · forms; j) to stiffen the flange in the transition zone between the flat bottom of the flange and that in the form a β flattened half-cylinder drawn section (1.9) a certain number of diamond-shaped ones made by drawing Humps (24) »which of this transition zone is a rigid one for »to give a non-developable surface; 909805/0231 10 «) Seheibenbremse according to claim 2 or 9» thereby characterized in that each brake lining (6, 7) τοη one half (31) is carried, which is held in its position in that it strikes τοη above near below with flaps (32) on the curved circumferential edge of the opening (5) » 11.) Disc brake according to claim 10, characterized in that the holder (28) of the on the side of the Actuating system of teränderliohen volume (8, 9) lying Brake lining (7) is placed against a support part (29) on which the system of variable volume acts directly, this support part (29) in a vertical direction (fig «9) is held in its position by tabs (30), which interact with the curved peripheral edge of the opening (5) 12 ·) Disc brake according to claim 10, characterized in that a teder (33) »e.g. made of piano wire, τοη top left (Fig. 9) the brake pads (6, 7) and their Holder (28, 31) overlaps in such a way that it prevents its displacement near the top as long as it is not removed « .. 13 ·) Disc brake naoh claim 12, characterized in that the spring (33) in in the upper bands of the hats (35, 36) cut into both holders 14) Disc brake according to claims 1, 2 and 9 f) and h), characterized in that an actuating lever (38) with play between the two lateral elevated zones (22) and is pivotable on an Aohse (39) which In the vane of the rear edge of the opening (5) lying closest to the pivot point of the plate, this lever with the rear edge of the brake pad holder (29) through an approach 909805/0231 (41) cooperates which the coil spring (20) of this Looking to keep trailing edge away. 15 ·) Brake system with two brakes according to claim 14 »which are symmetrical on both sides of the housing of the differential of the vehicle and on the right or left out of this. Acting housing exiting half-wave, characterized in that the levers (38) of the two brakes simultaneously by a transmission with a housed in a flexible sheath (45). Cable (44) are operated, the cable (44) with the The rear end of the lever cooperates, while the the flexible sheath strikes against the rear end of the other lever, 16.) Disc brake according to claim 10, characterized in that the holders (28, 31) of the two brake linings (6, 7) one and the same brake are identical to each other, said variable volume actuation system including a piston (6) directly actuating one of said holders (Pig. 15). 17β) disc brake according to claim 16, characterized characterized in that the piston (8) has a ring-shaped circumference Has collar (8a), which is with its entire free edge or a rope of the same against the opposite brake pad holder (28). 909805/0231