DE1237038B - Device for breaking rocks u. like - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CI .:

E21c

German KX: 5b-47/10

Number: 1237 038

File number: A 33472 VI a / 5 b

Filing date: December 10, 1959

Opened on: March 23, 1967

The invention relates to a device for breaking rock blocks and the like by a Propellant gas driven chisel, in which a powder charge is used to drive the chisel, which in proportion is so large to the rock size that the chisel 5 breaks the rock block with one blow. She concerns further developments of this device to achieve a greater refractive effect.

In the known devices of the type presupposed, the chisel rests directly on the shot the rock to be broken up.

The inventor has now found that the breaking effect of the chisel is essential for the same powder charge is larger if the chisel is only in the fore after covering a certain free-flight path direction hits the rock. Due to the sudden braking of the exposed, on the The chisel hits the block of rock, the power of the chisel strives to infinity and then decreases with the first pulse consumption a finite value. This sudden consumption of impulses triggers the breakage in the rock.

There is therefore a device for breaking rock blocks and the like by means of a propellant gas Chisel in which a powder charge is used to drive the chisel, which in relation to the Rock size is so large that the chisel breaks the rock with one blow, suggested which has a free flight path for the chisel.

While in the case of powder-actuated tools and these similar devices, the propellant charge with the ignition charge is housed in a common cartridge, the housing would be required larger propellant charge, e.g. of a few grams in a cartridge, require a cartridge price that must jeopardize the profitability of the blow fragmentation from the outset. So it had to be here another way to be sought.

According to the invention, therefore, the use of a shaped solid propellant charge which is already known per se is made proposed with at least one inner longitudinal bore.

It has already been known to use a powder compact instead of a cartridge to drive a nail gun used to kill slaughtered animals, which powder compact is detonated by a primer located on the side of the latter. In this device, which is not used for splitting, but only for punching a hole, the side through-ignition of the full powder compact is in contrast to the formed solid device for breaking blocks of stone
and the like

Applicant:

ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft, Augsburg

Named as inventor:

Dr. Georg Grätsch, Bad Kohlgrub

Propellant with at least one inner longitudinal boring is very questionable.

The use of the proposed solid propellant requires a special arrangement and feeding the load.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the solid propellant is used in a combustion chamber, which can perform a relative movement with respect to the chisel during the powder combustion.

A shotgun-like device for performing mechanical work has become known, in which the projectile (tool) consists of two parts connected by a breaking link, of which the rear one carries the propellant charge and can be viewed as a combustion chamber. This device is used but not to break materials, but to create solid connections. A relative movement between the combustion chamber and the front part of the projectile does not take place in the combustion stage, because The combustion chamber is only separated when the projectile penetrates into the receiving body from the front part of the projectile.

The relative movement of the combustion chamber can in the device according to the invention in the chisel or take place in the run.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, which will be discussed in more detail below, is therefore an In place of a cartridge containing the entire propellant charge, a combustion chamber 1 is used, into which the For example, solid propellant charge 2 designed as a tube and the primer 3 are used. the Combustion chamber 1 is connected to the chisel 4 in such a way that with the ignition of the Detonator the chisel 4 a forward impulse from a large in comparison to the chisel mass recoil mass (6, 8, 10) is supplied. On the one hand, the resulting gas pressure in the combustion chamber presses against it the chisel and on the other hand he presses the

709 520/13

3 4

closed combustion chamber against the forward In F i g. 1 is the combustion chamber 1 with the powder moving large recoil mass. During the chisel 4 preßling2 and the primer 3 in the chisel 4 against To accelerate the rock block od the recoil of the combustion chamber 1 of the part 5 is displaceable. On the back side forward moving recoil mass added. 5 of the combustion chamber 1 is the anvil 6 in the housing comes the forward movement of the rear recoil part 7 longitudinally axially movable. Rear housing part mass to rest, the rest of the recoil of the combustion chamber and front part of the housing are by means of the bayonet marker now accelerates the recoil mass connected to end 15. In the die 6 is at backwards and this transmits according to a further advance of the ignition hammer 8 by means of spring 9 against a impact of the invention when returning only after back io spring washer packing 10 pressed, which by means of the mutation a certain distance (15a), see FIG. 2, terll is held in the rear housing part 7. Of the the remaining recoil on which is now an ignition hammer 8 protrudes with its end 12 through a corresponding range lifting device. The bore 13 of the nut 11 into the open. Through a Movement of the device when lifting runs hammer blow on the ignition hammer end 12 is the compressed by a spring-suspended tube, handle slide 15 spring 9, so that the blow on the 16 called so that the recoil striker 6 is not transferred to the hands. The striker 6 strikes speed of the device, but only the counter to the detonator 3 and brings the same to the deceleration force the recoil spring 17 act ignition. The ignited primer ignites the can. This force of the recoil spring is dimensioned in such a way that powder pressed part 2. The resulting gas pressure in the that the hands press the combustion chamber 1 proceeding from the recoil spring against the chisel 4 on the one hand Accelerating without damage. and on the other hand against the striker 6. It becomes the While so far the uptake of 2 mkg recoil chisel 4 accelerates forward, while the balances the upper forward speed of the striker 6 from the gas limit in the case of weapons and powder-actuated tools can now hand pressure the combustion chamber after a short distance rate for breaking materials, 35 is slowed down. By slowing down the forward movement Recoil energy in the order of 10 mkg speed of the Döppersö on the trailing distance and can be higher. This new finding forms 14 will be a major part of the recoil comin Connection with the disclosed combustion chamber which pens. If you put z. B. one of the Döpper to the Zün basis for the design of devices for manure given impact force of 4 mkg, see above If minerals, concrete, masonry and the like are broken, the recoil is reduced by almost this amount of energy where it is important, high tensile strength. During the time of the chisel drive presses genes in the material. the combustion chamber against the anvil, which finally

A well-known bolt-firing device appears to be accelerated backwards when the top and the spring ring is more flat Consideration with regard to the combustion chamber pack 10 compresses which by means of nut and the recoil absorption with the 35 11 frictionally connected to the rear housing part 7 according to the invention Device to show similarities. With is. As a result of the positive locking 15 this known device are in a tubular between the rear housing part 7 and the front housing housing the barrel with the cartridge chamber and, in part 5, the recoil now also accelerates the Backwards via a piston-like locking piece with a triggering device. As a result of the and safety gear as well as firing pin displaceable 40 inertia of the slidable on the rear part of the housing arranged bar. If the cartridge is grasped here as a handle slide 16 and the one on the handle combustion chamber on, so this would have to tear if they pour forward weights of the The recoil spring 17 between the handle locking piece is activated by the gas pressure early on, while the arms are thrown back is pulled out, d. H. a relative slide 16 and the spring plate 18 from the recoil movement relative to the bolt. If one grasps 45 so compressed that on the hands a larger one on the other hand the barrel in which the cartridge is inserted at the top as the respective force of the recoil spring 17 does not is set up as a combustion chamber, so the whole thing can become effective. Case back 7 and Ge recoil from the drive of the bolt on the housing front part 5 can for loading in per se connector transferred, while in the invention known manner, for. B. by an articulated tipping verder Recoil in an advantageous manner on the whole 50 circuit, opened and closed, with the Mass of the device is transmitted. Rotation of the rear part of the housing 7 in the bayonet 15

The combustion chamber 1 can also be transverse to the longitudinal axis of the handle by means of ball 19 and groove 20 the device arranged rotary cylinder chutes 16 takes place. The handles 21 are used in dieder 33 stored and here relatively with respect to the sem case as a rotary lever.

Movement of the chisel or tool 4 movably 55 After the chisel 4 has reached the free flight path 22, the powder gases from the brake chamber escape the gap 39 when it was ignited Rotary cylinder and housing 34 bridged. chamber 1 through the holes 23 and 24 into the open.

In the case of the device according to the invention, the ignition can be connected to the protective plate 25 after the shot by moving the recoil-moving chisel 4 forwards back to the starting position in a known manner by means of hand or 60 gene, the protective plate with flange 26 against the by means of a hammer blow on the movable recoil force of the recoil spring 27 pressed against the mass be effected. steering ring 28 is supported. By means of the on the bolt

Instead of being a chisel, the tool 4 can also act as a force 29 of the annular spring 30 becomes the chisel 4

Hammer trained. held in the front housing 5. Through relaxation

In the F i g. 1 to 3 are in longitudinal section execution 65 of the return spring 27 is created for the chisel 4

Approximate examples of the invention shown. The F i g. 4 flight route 22. This free flight route offers the

and 5 show further designs of the combustion chamber to the advantage that the dividing force in hard materials

of the example in Fi g. 3. supplies, d. H. short penetration paths, to deal with a lot of

Claims (3)

times increased compared to the force of the gas pressure acting on the chisel. The chisel head, which is large compared to the shank, generates short penetration paths, i.e. H. with high penetration resistance, high tearing stresses in the material. According to FIG. 2, the pulse for ignition is no longer supplied from the outside by means of a hand hammer, but rather by moving the impact masses arranged in the housing 7 forward. The combustion chamber 1 is axially displaceable with the powder compact 2 and the ignition capsule 3 in the housing front part 5, while the chisel 4 is arranged in front of the combustion chamber. On the rear side of the combustion chamber 1, the ignition hammer 8 connects, which can be moved axially in the longitudinal direction by means of a spring 9 in the anvil 6. On the other hand, the striker 6 is axially movable in the rear part of the housing. The rear part of the housing and the front part of the housing are again connected by means of a bayonet. The striker 6 is screwed to the percussion hammer 10 which encompasses the rear housing 7. By means of the segment wedges 11, which lead through the ring 12 and the spring ring 13 in the flat 14 of the rear housing, the percussion hammer 10 is to be moved backwards by the percussion stroke 15 a, the handle slide 16 against the shoulder firmly connected to the percussion hammer 10 18 is present. Between the handle slide 16 and the hammer 10 is the recoil spring 17 again. To ignite the detonator 3, the lifted handle 16, the hammer 10 and the hammer 8 are pushed downwards by the stroke 15 a. The combustion chamber picks up the impact pulse and moves a little forward. The ignited primer 3 ignites the powder pressed part 2. The gas pressure in the combustion chamber presses against the chisel 4 on the one hand and the combustion chamber presses against the ignition hammer 8 on the other hand comes to rest against the housing 7 supporting. The forward energy of the beatpiece and hammer acts against the backward combustion chamber pressure and, in turn, decreases as shown in FIG. 1 the recoil from the combustion chamber pressure. With regard to the function of the chisel with the protective plate 25, flange 26 and the return spring 27, the statements made with regard to FIG. 1 apply mutatis mutandis. According to FIG. 3, the ignition mechanism is as shown in FIG. 2 formed as part of the device. The striker 6 is screwed to the percussion hammer 10, which surrounds the rear housing 7. By means of the segment wedges 11, which lead through the ring 12 and the spring ring 13 in the flat 14 of the rear housing 7, the hammer 10 is to move the hammer stroke 15 a backwards, the handle slide 16 against the shoulder firmly connected to the hammer 18 is present. The recoil spring 17 is again located between the handle slide 16 and the hammer 10 , which is rotatably mounted in the housing 34 from the outside. The housing 34 with the loading cradle 35 is firmly connected to the housing front part 5 and the housing rear part 7. On the rear side of the combustion chamber 1, the ignition hammer 8 connects, which can be moved axially in the longitudinal direction by means of a spring 9 in the anvil 6. To ignite the detonator 3, the handle slide 16 lifted up by the stroke stroke 15 a is pushed forward by the stroke stroke, whereby the combustion chamber 1 with the housing 34 and the housing 5 and 7 is moved slightly forward against the force of the recoil spring 27 ίο. The ignited primer ignites the powder compact. The resulting gas pressure in the combustion chamber presses on the one hand against the pin 32 of the chisel 4 forwards and on the other hand as a recoil force against the detonator 8 and the housing 34. The detonator strikes backwards against the beatpiece 6, which moves forward during ignition and which with the percussion hammer mass 10 is firmly connected. The forward energy generated by the striker and hammer for ignition is finally consumed as impact energy by the backward movement of the housing masses 34, 7, 5, which originates from the combustion chamber, whereby the recoil of the combustion chamber acting on the housing 34 is partially compensated. For the purpose of better covering the gap between the rotary cylinder 33 and the housing 34, the combustion chamber 1 in the rotary cylinder 33 according to FIG. 4 by means of spring 36 and snap ring 37 in such a way that when the ignition strike the combustion chamber 1 slides by the distance 38 (Fig. 5) over the rotary gap 39 of the rotary cylinder 33, the trailing masses from Zünddöpper8, anvil 6 and hammer 10 causing the process the gap cover is maintained until the combustion is largely complete, so that contamination of the rotary gap 39 is avoided. With regard to the mounting of the chisel 4 in the front part of the housing, and also with regard to the function of the protective plate 25, the flange 26 and the return spring 27, which is supported against the housing 34, the following apply mutatis mutandis to FIG. 1 made statements. The use of the device in the weather-endangered tunnel requires mandatory safeguards against the flammability of mine gas. This security is given with respect to the part of the device according to FIGS. 1 to 5 which is located behind the primer. Patent claims: 1. Device for breaking blocks of stone and the like by means of a propellant gas-powered Chisel in which a powder charge is used to drive the chisel, which is so large in relation to the size of the rock that the chisel breaks the rock with one blow, marked through a free flight path of the chisel in the device. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the use of an already known shaped solid propellant charge with at least one inner longitudinal bore. 3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the arrangement of the solid propellant in a combustion chamber (1), which during powder combustion has a relative