DE1127860B - Textile web and method and device for their production - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN PATENT OFFICE

KL.ÖI1 ö INTERNAT.KL. D 06 k

R 24804 VHa / 8h

REGISTRATION DATE: JANUARY 21, 1959

NOTICE
THE REGISTRATION
ANDOUTPUTE
EDITORIAL: APRIL 19, 1962

The invention relates to a textile web and a method and device for its production, wherein the textile web is formed from longitudinal and transverse threads or yarns, superimposed and on Their points of contact by gluing, welding or the like. Connected layers. With the previous one Manufacture of such webs, which by the known bonds, such as weaving, braiding or Knitting to replace created lengths of fabric is, similar to weaving, which uses the weft thread xo Replacing transverse thread by moving one back and forth across the entire width of the fabric or moving it around Coil entered, which is relatively time-consuming also in view of the small number of possible cross thread carriers and their low thread take-up. In addition, this manufacture requires a cumbersome, expensive support and movement device for the coil carrier. The same flaw and difficulties also has another known production, in which the longitudinal threads in the form of a Hollow cylinder are withdrawn from a revolving, one or more transverse thread rolls carrying Ring is surrounded so that the or the transverse threads in a ring or helical shape around the Longitudinal thread cylinder are laid. After the threads have been glued, the length of this must be in Lanes are separated.

The object of the invention is to provide such fabric or textile webs while avoiding the previous deficiencies and disadvantages to create more effective, faster and cheaper, which is achieved according to the invention is that the threads that do not cross within their layers are in the form of the transverse thread layer interlocking waves, each of which overlaps part of the longitudinal thread layer or layers. If several transverse or longitudinal thread layers are formed, it is advisable to use the waves of the one transverse thread layer offset from those of the other layer by half the wavelength and to arrange the threads of one longitudinal thread layer opposite those of the other layer on hatch. the Textile webs according to the invention can have practically an unlimited length, any fineness or Have strength and are easy to meet the various needs in terms of tensile strength and ductility adaptable as well as against fabric. Braids or the like exchangeable. You start immediately afterwards the feeding of their thread layers further treatments, in particular single or double-sided lamination with foils of all kinds and result in solid cut edges in any case when dividing or cutting.

Textile web and method and device for their production

Applicant: Bruno Romanin, Milan (Italy)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. J. Ludewig

and Dipl.-Phys. K.-G. Buse, patent attorneys, Wuppertal-Barmen, Unterdörnen 114

Claimed priority: Italy of January 25, 1958 (No. 1185)

Bruno Romanin, Milan (Italy), has been named as the inventor

In the production of the textile webs, the procedure according to the invention can be such that the threads each transverse thread group lying next to one another, continuously, corresponding to the lengthwise direction of the Textile web continuously advanced threads of the longitudinal thread layer fed through one of the desired Corrugated height corresponding transverse movement back and forth, thereby in wave form to the longitudinal thread layer applied and then the threads of the layers at their points of contact in per se known Way with each other by gluing, welding or the like. Are connected. The threads of the layers are fed to the junction via reed leaves, of which those of the transverse threads are transverse are reciprocable to the textile web. It is recommended that several layers of cross thread are fed in to arrange the reed leaves leading their threads in opposite directions and when several are supplied Longitudinal thread layers opposite the reed blade assigned to one layer by half the reed pitch to move the reed leaf assigned to the other layer. That way, just one doesn't get proportionate simple, clear, easy to use and largely eliminating sources of error Establishment created, but also facilitated the production itself and a high production output guaranteed and, despite the significantly larger area of use, the goods are considerably cheaper.

In the drawing, the invention is shown in exemplary embodiments, namely show

209 560/204

Fig. IA and IB, which belong together and with their dividing line shown in dash-dotted lines at the right or left end are, in a simplified representation, a device for the production of textile webs in elevation, Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. IB,

3 and 4 show a partial cross section through the thread layers before and after their connection,

5 and 6 a second embodiment in elevation and plan, also in simplified form position.

After the first, in FIGS. 1A and IB as well as 2 illustrated embodiment are the threads divided into four groups, namely in two of spu-

basis between 100 and 110 ° C, when using an adhesive based on synthetic resin between 120 and 140 ° C.

When exiting the calender, the textile web is wound onto two take-up rollers 26 and 26 ' and goes through a memory 25 beforehand, so that the time required for switching from one on the other roller 26, 26 'won

their speeds are the same at every moment, but directed in opposite directions. As shown in Fig. 1 too As can be seen, the two reed leaves are arranged one above the other perpendicular to the direction of advance of the threads.

Subsequently, drying is preferred in a straight-walled furnace 23 made. The oven can be hot air, radiant, with dielectric Warming up a working or other kind of oven.

After drying, vigorous calendering is preferably carried out with the still hot fabric, that the different thread groups with a significant improvement in their bond strength and

len or yarn trees 'and 12' (in the drawing 15 brings the aesthetic appearance to one level, shown as yarn trees) coming group part The calender 24 does not need to be described and 12 and two coming from bobbins 13 'and 14' because it This is a common textile group 13 and 14. The threads 11 and 12 run a finishing machine with one or more rollers through two fixed reed blades 15 and 15 ', which handle threads made of kraft paper alternating with steel rollers. 13 and 14 by two movable blades 16 and 16 '. 20 The temperatures of the calender rolls are around the latter perform a back and forth movement using an adhesive on rubber latex in the direction of the arrows shown in FIG.
which is given to them by any drive, for example by the schematically indicated crank mechanisms 17 and 17 ', and they in turn control 25
the thread groups 13 and 14, so that this one too
reciprocating movement under simultaneous
Perform forward movement.

The thread groups 11 and 12 on the other hand, the through
the fixed reed blades 15 and 15 'run, lead a 30 will,
straight-line movement. Therefore, after this treatment, they will remain straight

the threads 11 and 12 as longitudinal threads, the threads running through or wavy in their crisscross movable sheets running threads 13 and 14 zenden layers are mutually fixed and form on the other hand, referred to as transverse threads. a uniform length of fabric that can be used as a finished product

Since the upper longitudinal threads 11 compared to the 35 bar or as a semi-finished further processing under lower, 12, are shifted and 'the transverse threads 13 are thrown and can be clearly seen from Fig. 2, the

also the sinusoidal course of the transverse threads of the two layers offset by half a phase 13, 14 can be seen. As such, the threads of the four layers of threads lie in four different levels, in practice, however, they try to bend around one another because of the pressure placed on them, kick at the same time out of their levels and thus create, as it were, a form fit between the different ones Threads, which significantly increases the strength of the textile web.

The following may apply to a specific embodiment: Two groups of longitudinal threads 11, 12 are used, each thread of which is made of viscose

18 'attached tub 19 with the adhesive so that 50 wool 20/1 has that in an amount of five the roller is immersed in it. Threads are arranged per centimeter of web width,

Instead, the adhesive can also be made by means of and two transverse thread groups 13, 14, each of which consists of the rollers 20, 20 'are applied if this consists of threads made of viscose wool 12/1, which also appears more favorable in order not to contaminate the rollers 18, 18 'in an amount of five threads per centimeter of web, especially when the reed leaves are arranged close to 55 width. The feed rate lying on the rollers. is 20 m / min. The frequency of the back and forth

By combining the movement through the rollers 18, 460 periods per Mi-18 ' given forward movement and the back and forth, and their amplitude is equal to 4 cm, the walkers Movement of the leaves 16, 16 'arrange the total number of threads does not need to be specified the thread groups 13 and 14 in wave-like 60 den, because they are proportional to the width of the finished product Paths that are almost sinusoidal and whose is. In the example described above, the Amplitude and shape of the amplitude of the moving rollers 18, 18 'and 20, 20' not heated, tion of the reed leaves, the frequency of their back and forth with the specified numerical values results

moving movement and the circumferential speed - a web of material that has good stability in both directions the rollers 18, 18 'is dependent. To have a 65 speed. If, on the other hand, mostly only in Thread crossing between the two transverse threads - one direction, for example in the longitudinal direction, Layers 13, 14 to achieve the back and forth strength is required, the amount of threads can walking movement of the reed leaves regulated so that in the other direction appropriately reduced and / or

14 and 14 run in the middle between the two groups when these are clamped by the calender 18, 18 ' the transverse threads are laid as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The calender rollers 18, 18 'rotating in the direction of the arrows shown push the threads with them adjustable speed forward. The drive for rotating the rollers 18, 18 'is not shown.

An adhesive is also produced by means of the rollers that press the threads together and drive them along upset. Any suitable device can be used for this, for example one under the roller

their distance can be increased. As an adhesive, depending on the grip to be achieved, there is more or to a lesser extent, acetovinyl resin softened with butyl phthalate is used in emulsion. For hard to handle, the resin is suitably pure or with a small amount of butyl phthalate (10 to 15%, on the based on dry resin), while for a soft handle up to an addition of 50% plasticizer, based on the dry resin, can be walked.

If the adhesion of the threads to one another by means of a liquid applied to the rollers 20, 20 ' Adhesive or any other means are also available if the type of adhesive is changed no major treatment changes required. The criteria explained here apply to all exemplary embodiments applicable. The amount of squeezing must usually be regulated; this happens for resins that are difficult to absorb into the yarn by using suckers in the bath or by heating the tub or glue container. Rubber latex can also be used as an adhesive be used; in this case casein is added for the purpose of obtaining good stability of the bath and optionally the addition of fillers, for example calcium carbonate recommend. When using rubber latex, the drying temperature is preferably not higher 100 ° C. Dyes can always be added to the product, just like the latices, to all resins in a specific desired color.

The dilution of the adhesive baths must be regulated so that a dry amount is applied to the yarn is applied, which is sufficient for perfect bonding, but at the same time allows processing, without the rollers becoming gelatinized. When using acetovinyl resins, the dry quantity should be Do not exceed 30 to 35% and in the case of rubber latices 45 to 50% of the weight of the yarn.

The two types of adhesives mentioned are the most characteristic. Indeed, the first gives the fabric a hard, semi-hard or soft feel, depending on the amount of plasticizer added, with slow elastic return. The second, on the other hand, causes gluing with an elastic finish and gives a springy grip. A more or less resilient handle can be achieved with suitable mixtures of acetovinyl resin and rubber latex; in any case, however, the P _H value of the acetovinyl resins must be adjusted to the alkaline range.

Acetovinyl resins can be mixed with many other additives, with stabilizers, fillers, and impermeable agents and even with wrinkle-preventing resins (urea-formaldehyde, melamine, etc. resins). Practically there for using the There are no restrictions whatsoever for various resins or adhesives, and no equipment is required either Change except in the case of resins to be polymerized or to be gelatinized or vulcanized natural or synthetic polymers. In these cases the drying process is followed to provide a polymerisation, gelatinisation or vulcanisation chamber for the liquid adhesive, their length and temperature level, taking into account the properties of the material are to be determined.

For sophisticated and inexpensive items have proven to be particularly useful in terms of acrylic resins have proven to achieve gloss, wash resistance, dimensional stability and elasticity, which are used in the same way as the acetovinyl resins.

Threads of any nature are suitable for the execution, for example BaumwoU, silk waste, Hemp, jute and wool yarns and yarns made from other, in particular natural fibers, yarns made from regenerated and synthetic short fibers such as viscose or

ίο acetate fibers, polyamide, polyester and acrylic fibers, Polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl fibers or olefin copolymers, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, yarns made from endless natural threads, such as silk, made from regenerated, such as viscose rayon and cellulose acetate, and from synthetic of the same classes as the chemical threads listed above, and inorganic Threads such as glass thread.

To the feed speed of the threads, which also the production speed of the fabric web determined and is equal to the feed rate of the longitudinal threads, to be coordinated, the following Information that is generally valid is made:

From a mechanical point of view, the speed at which the goods are manufactured depends on the The number of indentations one wishes to create and the strength of the yarn in relation to the Frequency of the reciprocating movement of the reed leaves. Experiments have found that the frequencies that the yarn can withstand as the blades move back and forth, in general are on the order of 600 to 800 strokes per minute. Larger for curtains Strength, higher frequencies are possible. The greater the path of the reed leaves and thus the amplitude of the is sinusoidal, the lower the frequency allowed for the same yarn, of course. To take We assume that 30 indentations are made in the meter at 700 strokes per minute should, this results in 700: 30 = 23.30 m / min., and this value represents the advancing speed of the yarns. Recommended at such high speeds it is important not to choose too great the eccentricity of the connecting rods driving the reed blades; in this case it can be taken with 4 cm. Let according to a second embodiment - still according to the scheme of FIGS. 1 and 2 - threads with a fairly low softening point process, their sticking together by using pressure and heat to achieve Softening or incipient melting can be accomplished. These are the threads Polyvinyl chloride base or other vinyl polymers, such as saran (a vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer), the acetovinyl threads and the polyolefin threads such as polyethylene and polypropylene.

In this case, you can work with or without glue.

If the addition of adhesive is to be dispensed with, the rollers 20, 20 'are brought to one temperature heated enough to soften the threads and cause them to stick together. If, on the other hand, an adhesive is also used, it can be distributed on the rollers 20, 20 ', which in this case can be heated or do not need to be heated; the final weld the thread is processed with the calender 24

aims to soften the threads and to attach them together, as well as in the case of the use of Adhesive worries about its hardening and / or its polymerization.

A quantitatively determined embodiment is the following example: Polyvinyl chloride threads 40/1 in an amount of five threads per centimeter can be used as longitudinal threads, and two groups of polyvinyl chloride threads 30/1 in an amount of five threads per centimeter as transverse threads. The feed speed is 25 m / min. The frequency of the reciprocating movement of the reed leaves is 600 periods per minute, their amplitude is equal to 3 cm. You can work without glue; the rollers 20, 20 'are then brought to a temperature of 120 ^° C. in order to achieve an initial softening of the threads; on the heated calender rolls 24 to 130 ⁰ C the whole sticking is then accomplished.

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate another example of the practice of the invention. Be here two transverse thread layers and only one longitudinal thread layer used. The cross threads are at 30 and 31 and denoted by 32 the longitudinal threads. The reed leaves 33, 33 'share the transverse threads their back and forth accompanying movement, while the sheet 32 'serves as a guide for the longitudinal threads 32. The glue ■ is applied directly to the heated rollers 35, 35 'by containers 36, 36' and coating devices 37, 37 '. The provisionally already solid textile structure 38 runs between the two heated calender rollers 39, 39 'and is thus converted into the final structure 40. ~

Another quantified execution is The following example: Nylon threads can be used for the transverse threads 2/70 000 in a quantity of six threads per centimeter, the same threads for the longitudinal threads 2/70 000 should be taken at a rate of six threads per centimeter. The feed rate is 18 to 20 m / min., the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the reed blades 600 strokes per minute; their amplitude is equal to 40 mm. When using an adhesive based on rubber latex the rollers 35, 35 'are kept at room temperature and the rollers 39, 39' are kept at 110 to 125 ° C .; if an adhesive based on synthetic resin is used, the latter temperature is 125 to 140 ° C.

For the execution according to the scheme of FIGS. 5 and 6, all of the above-mentioned yarns or Threads are used.

Various changes to the types of procedure mentioned are possible. Instead of two layers of Longitudinal and two layers of transverse threads can also have only one transverse thread layer or longitudinal thread layer or more than two layers at a time.

The adhesive can be applied directly to the threads, or the threads can be used with suitable Adhesives are provided in preparation.

Further processing of the textile web produced, for example the impregnation, can be carried out continuously can be carried out without the web first needing to be wound up. The heat treatments and the application of pressure can be repeated or occur in two or three times.

With the textile web according to the invention, a film can also be laminated, which then in the course of Production of the textile web is guided through the rollers 20, 20 ′ or through the calender 24.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. textile web consisting of longitudinal and transverse threads or yarns formed overlying and at their contact points by bonding, welding od. Like. Bonded layers, characterized in that the crossing-free within their layers threads lie in the transverse yarn layer in the form of interlocking waves each of which overlaps part of the longitudinal thread layer or layers. 2. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that when several transverse thread layers are arranged the thread waves of one layer are offset from those of the other layer by half the wavelength are. 3. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that when several are arranged Longitudinal thread layers the threads of one longitudinal thread layer compared to those of the other layer are arranged offset. 4. A method for producing textile webs according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the threads each Transverse thread group lying next to one another, continuously, corresponding to the lengthwise direction of the Textile web continuously advanced threads of the longitudinal thread layer fed through one of the desired Wave height corresponding transverse movement back and forth, thus in wave form the longitudinal thread layer is applied and then the threads of the layers at their points of contact Are connected to one another in a manner known per se by gluing, welding or the like. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the threads of the layers of Connection point are fed via reed leaves, of which the transverse threads are transverse to Textile web can be moved back and forth. 6. Device for performing the method according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that that when several transverse thread layers are fed in, the reed leaves leading to the threads are movable in opposite directions. 7. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that when several longitudinal thread layers are fed in the reed leaf assigned to one layer by half the reed division compared to the the reed leaf assigned to the other layer is offset. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 933 083, 913 048; Belgian patents Nos. 538 805, 538 806; British Patent No. 762,921. 1 sheet of drawings © 209560/204 4.62