DE1032871B - Emulsion cylinder lubricant for internal combustion engines operated with residual fuels - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to water-in-oil-based lubricating oil emulsions which are used for lubricating the cylinders of internal combustion engines that are operated with residual fuels.

Residual fuels are preferably used to operate ship engines, as such Fuels are cheap. It has been found, however, that by such fuels by those present therein various inorganic substances that are in common diesel oil not in corresponding large Amounts, such as vanadium, sodium, and sulfur, will wear out the cylinders.

It has already been proposed to use water-soluble alkali salts, e.g. B. certain alkali phosphates or alkali nitrites, to oil emulsions, z. B. cutting oil emulsions to be added. Also known are oil-in-water emulsions which contain additives of soluble alkaline substances. However, none of these proposals give any indications of lubricants based on a water-in-oil emulsion which contain organic metals or metal compounds in the oil phase which are suitable for lubricating the cylinders of internal combustion engines that run on residual fuels.

A lubricant has now been found which, when used, increases the wear and tear of the machines is significantly reduced.

The lubricant according to the invention consists essentially of a stable emulsion of water in a mineral lubricating oil and contains in the oil phase (including the contact surfaces of water and oil) 0.5 to 10 percent by weight, based on the total mixture, of an additive in small particles, that of one or more of the metals and / or inorganic compounds listed below consists, in stable suspension: metallic magnesium or zinc, the corresponding oxides and such water-insoluble compounds of the alkaline earth metals, magnesium and zinc, which are in Let heat decompose to the oxides. The proportion of the suspended additive is preferably 3 to 5 percent by weight of the total lubricant. The term "insoluble in water" is one Water solubility understood below 10 g / 100 ecm at 15 ° C.

In particular, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, Magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate suitable. In the production of the invention, A suspension of alkaline earth metal hydroxides containing lubricating oils can also the corresponding Alkaline earth metal oxides can be used because they give the same lubricating oils as they are when used the hydroxides are obtained in the production of lubricating oil.

Emulsion cylinder lubricants

for with residual fuels

operated internal combustion engines

Applicant:
The British Petroleum Comp. Ltd., London

Representative:
Dr.-Ing. A. v. Kreisler, Dr.-Ing. K. Schönwald,

Dipl.-Chem. Dr. phil. H. Siebeneicher

and Dr.-Ing. Th. Meyer, patent attorneys,

Cologne 1, Deichmannhaus

Claimed priority:
Great Britain 16 November 1954 and 2'S. June 1955

Samuel Richard Pethrick and Maurice Barrinton Sparke, Sunbury-on-Thames, Middlesex (Great Britain),

have been named as inventors

The water-insoluble additives according to the invention are also insoluble in oils. For production of stable suspensions of such additives in the oil alone need more than 10 percent by weight to use these additives, and it has now been found that less than 10 percent by weight of the additive Can be used to produce stable suspensions if in place of the pure oil Emulsions of water-in-oil can be used.

In order to make a stable emulsion of water-in-oil, it is necessary to add an emulsifying agent use. Any suitable means of making a water-in-oil emulsion can be used will. An extremely stable emulsion is obtained when using a mixture of sorbitan monooleate with Get lanolin. Furthermore, stable emulsions are obtained when using emulsifiers, the nonionic emulsifier of a high molecular weight fat and a saponification number of 248 mg KOH / g (emulsifier 1) or a calcium petroleum sulfonate represent.

Preferably the emulsion contains 20 to 30% water. When making the emulsion it will preferred the additives to the oil prior to manufacture

809 558/391

Claims (5)

■ ■ ι «3 4 - ^ to add the emulsion with the water, however, a fatty acid coating from the calcium soap (total; one can also add the same to the finished emulsion organic coating 1.5 to 1.7%) and therefore put. is easily wetted by the lubricating oils. The invention is explained in the following examples: 5 patent claims: 1. Emulsion cylinder lubricant for with There were two attempts in a horizontal residue-fueled ^combustion:; Diesel engine carried out. When working with a prime mover based on an aqueous mine- ■ Residual fuel and a simple lubricating oil io ral oil emulsion of the water-in-oil type with a j, as a cylinder lubricant, a maximum content of one or more metals or an- ι; Wear rate of the cylinder liner of organic metal compounds, thereby marked-V 0.092 cm / 1000 hours was found. A reduction indicates that the lubricant in the oil phase -h reduction of the wear rate to 0.064cm / 1000 metallic magnesium, metallic zinc, the% Hours and at the same time a reduction in the corresponding oxides and / or water-insoluble ones, the cylinder liner, the cylinder piston and piston - compounds of the i, which form oxides when heated, The deposits that form in the ring grooves are ν in the case of alkaline earth metals, magnesium and / or zinc Use of an emulsion lubricant for containing in stable suspension. ;:; Cylinder lubrication detected. The emulsion 2. Emulsion cylinder lubricant according to Art- ΐ lubricant has the following composition: 20 Spruch 1, characterized in that it contains calcium carbonate, Calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide or 1: Mineral lubricating oil contains magnesium carbonate. ^Γ S.A.E. 30 yiskositatsmdex 56 3 emulsion cylinder lubricants after Specific weightO, 91 at 16 ° C70.5 percent by weight _{ch ί and 2j} characterized in that the i Calcium hydroxide 3.7 percent by weight ^ Emulsifier a mixture of SorbitanmontK \ Emulsifier 1 2.8 weight percent _{oleate with lanolin or a nic} htionischer Emul · i Calcium petroleum sulfonate 1.4 percent by weight ^ _best ehend of a high molecular fatty I ^{Water 21} ' ⁶ percent _{by weight with the} saponification number of 248 mg KOH / g _t \ or is a calcium petroleum sulfonate. Example 2 ₃₀ 4 Emulsion cylinder lubricant according to An-Another experiment was carried out using proverbs 1 to 3, characterized in that the }> of an emulsion lubricant was carried out which contained 20 to 30% water as an emulsion. The addition contained an "activated" calcium carbonate. 5. An-Die emulsion cylinder lubricant In this case, the rate of wear is Spruch 1 to 4, characterized in that it 0.043 cm / 1000 hours, and also in this experiment 35 is 3 to 5 percent by weight of the metals or metal includes reducing the wear and tear of a connection. reduction of the on the: pistons, piston ring grooves and ' Deposits forming on the cylinder liner. slides. The emulsion has the following composition: German Patent Nos. 429 551, 432 683, Mineral lubricating oil 69.3 weight percent < ⁸ ^ 291 843 586, 856 685, 872 100 885 29Si, 920 321; "Activated" calcium carbonate 4.1 percent by weight German patent applications Sch 2413 IV d / 23c Emulsifier 1 2.9 percent by weight announced on September 6, 1951) Sch 2414 Calcium petroleum sulfonate 1.5 percent by weight published on December 20, 1951), V 1820 Water 22.2 percent by weight (published February 12, 1953); ^F 45 U.S. Patents Nos. 2,422,075, 2,328,727; A CaI British patent specification No. 465 704; cium carbonate is used, which has a surface French patent no. 893 864. 1 809 558/391 6.58