DE1023389B - Insulating body resistant to moisture and fire and method for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Insulating body resistant to moisture and fire and Process for its preparation The invention relates to anti-moisture and fire-resistant insulating body of high hardness made of a fire-proof Material and a binder suitable for use in insulating Ovens are on, and on a new method of making them.

Various substances are used in the manufacture of insulating bodies used, e.g. B. iron oxide, rock wool, asbestos, clay. Strength is usually called Used binders. Bentonite, which has excellent binding properties at high levels Temperatures can also be used with. According to the previous procedure Manufactured insulating bodies are not entirely satisfactory because they are insufficient Are moisture-proof and do not have sufficiently hard surfaces, 9 to prevent cracking or peeling. Furthermore, they give under when using release considerable amounts of gas that can cause tears at high temperatures. These The invention overcomes disadvantages.

The new insulating body that is resistant to moisture and fire is characterized in that the binder from the in a baking process Mixture at 150 to 260 ° C resulting decomposition product of a sugar and a inorganic acid from the group sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid and salts, which these acids develop during the baking process.

The insulating body preferably consists of 100 refractory parts Material and the decomposition product from 0.5 to 6 parts of a sugar and 0.03 up to 0.09 parts of ammonium sulphate (all parts based on dry matter) and water.

The new insulating body is preferably produced in such a way that that 100 parts of refractory material 0.5 to 6 parts of a sugar and 0.03 to 0.09 Parts of an inorganic acid from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid and salts which these acids develop during the baking of the block (all Parts on a dry basis), suspended in about 600 to 1000 parts of water are removed, the water is removed from the sludge, the solid material is brought into a mold and baked at a temperature of about 150 ° C.

The new insulator has a much higher hardness and resistance against breakage and peeling than the previously available refractory insulating bodies.

In the description, the term "sugar" is intended to include such mono- and disaccharides of aldose and ketose character or such non-reducing sugars mean which under the conditions of use described here with the formation of aldose and ketose saccharides can be hydrolyzed. For example, sucrose, which is hydrolyzed under the conditions described herein, effectively as a Part of the binder described and falls under the invention. In the Implementation of the invention are the sugars falling under the previous definition, which are preferably used, dextrose, sucrose and fructose or their Mixtures, but maltose and lactose, are also still satisfactory, although less so useful because of their price. Beet or cane sugar molasses, mother liquor at the Production of sucrose, first effluents and mother liquors in the production of Dextrose can also be used in a satisfactory manner in conjunction with the still Chemical additives to be named are used, although molasses and mother liquors, because of their viscosity, are not as light as the sugars mentioned above are to be handled. Syrups made by hydrolysis of starch or cane sugar Can be made by appropriate treatments are also available for execution suitable for the invention. Initial drains or mother liquors can be acid or alkali cooked according to known methods in order to crystallize the contained therein To prevent dextrose. The amount of sugar in the approach can be from about 0.5 to 6 parts to 100 parts of the refractory (dry basis).

Acids, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid and salts, which these acids release under the conditions of use are for the purposes the invention satisfactory. The preferred chemical additive is ammonium sulfate, but sulfuric acid and salts, e.g. B. ammonium bisulfate, alums, z. B. ammonium aluminum sulfate, which product is sulfuric acid under the conditions of use supplies can also be used. The amount of additive in the batch can vary from about 0.03-0.9 parts per 100 parts refractory (dry basis).

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are only illustrative and instructive, but in no way restrictive. example 1 The following approach was used Rock wool ..................... 90 parts by weight fine asbestos .................. 3 " Bentonite ..................... 3 " Dextrose hydrate ................ 2.82 " Ammonium sulfate .............. 0.18 " Iron oxide .................... 1 " During the production of the insulating block, all of the above ingredients were slurried in 600 to 1000 parts of water. The slurry was passed between two moving perforated belts to squeeze out the excess water and compact the undissolved components. The compressed mass was cut into blocks of the desired size. The blocks which still contained substantial amounts of moisture, e.g. B. about 75 ° / 0, were then baked in ovens at 149 to 260 ° C. The squeezed water was returned for reuse and the sugar and additive in it were made up to the calculated amounts to give the correct percentage in the finished block.

Blocks made according to the above approach withstood water significantly better than blocks made by previous methods. The latter fell apart if soaked in water, after 2 hours or less, while that after the previous one Example produced lasted up to 24 hours.

This is an unexpected result and an advantage over the for Time available blocks.

The blocks made according to the invention also have a higher one Surface hardness than previously available, d. H. there was no chipping of the corners noticeable after the transport, while the previously available blocks often these Couldn't endure the exam.

When tested in use gave those manufactured according to the example above Blocks only a negligible amount of smoke when temperatures are up were subjected to 760 ° C, while the same, prepared by the previous method Blocks smoked abundantly under the same conditions.

Example 2 A fire resistant block with high resistance to moisture and hardness was made according to the procedure of Example 1 using the following approach: Rock wool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 parts by weight fine asbestos ................... 3 " Bentonite ...................... 3 Sucrose ..................... 3 " Ammonium sulfate ........ .. ..... 0.2 Iron oxide ..................... 1 " Example 3 A fire resistant block having the same properties as the blocks made in Examples 1 and 2 was made according to the procedure of Example 1 but using the following approach Rock wool ...................... 100 parts by weight Fine asbestos .................. 3 " Bentonite ....................... 3 " Molasses ....................... 6 Ammonium sulfate ............... 0.8 Iron oxide ............... ...... 1 Example 4 When the molasses of Example 3 was replaced by dextrose mother liquor, blocks having essentially the same properties as those prepared according to the previous examples were obtained.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Moisture and fire resistant Insulating body made of a refractory material and a binding agent, characterized in that that the binder from the in a baking process of the mixture at 150 to 260 ° C resulting decomposition product of a sugar and an inorganic acid the group of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid and salts, which these acids develop during the baking process. 2. Insulating body according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of 100 parts of refractory material and the decomposition product from 0.5 to 6 parts of a sugar and 0.03: to 0.09 parts of ammonium sulfate (all Parts based on dry matter) and water. 3. A method for producing an insulating body according to the preceding claims, characterized in that 100 parts of refractory material, 0, @ to 6 parts of a sugar and 0.03 to 0.09 parts of an inorganic acid from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid and salts, which these acids develop during the baking of the block (all parts on a dry basis), are slurried in about 600 to 1000 parts of water; the water is removed from the sludge, the solid material is placed in a mold and baked at a temperature of about 150 ° C.