DE102023106400A1 - Method and device for abrasive soil removal in civil engineering using rotating plastic lamellas - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and a device for abrasive soil removal in civil engineering using rotating plastic lamellae. The individual lamellae (1) are connected to a shaft (2) which is set in rotation (3). As a result, the lamella unit (4) initially hits the underlying soil (5) with its tip when it comes into contact with it and then, due to the elastic behavior of the lamellae, it hits the flat side of the lamellae (6). The deformation of the individual lamellae (1) increases as the rotation progresses, thereby building up tension between each individual lamella (1) and the soil (5) in the friction surface (7) mentioned here. As the lamellae brush past, an abrasive force is generated which loosens components of the underlying soil (5), which are then carried away on the flat side of the individual lamellae (6). This process is repeated with each row of lamellae so that, similar to the principle of a bucket wheel, larger quantities of soil can also be removed from the solid compound.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for abrasive soil removal in civil engineering using rotating plastic lamellas according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a device for civil engineering which achieves soil removal by means of rotating plastic slats.

The invention is further based on the object of not causing any damage to such lines due to the ground engagement and the resulting contact of the invention with crossing supply lines.

Field of the invention:

The field of application of the invention is civil engineering with specialization in trench construction, preferably in inner-city areas or in places where a large number of sensitive external branches in the form of communication and supply lines are to be expected.

With regard to the area of application in relation to the soil types encountered during civil engineering work, the area of application can be specified as coarse-grained, mixed-grained and fine-grained soils.

State of the art:

Due to technological, local and construction site-specific conditions, civil engineering work may have to be carried out using open construction methods. Furthermore, every branch operator draws up work and safety instructions for its lines, which only allow the exposure of the lines with extreme caution. This is done either using machines such as excavation work or by hand excavation. In this case, existing supply lines can be expected to be encountered. These can be known or unknown and may represent a source of danger. For example, DGUV BGI 759 “Protective measures for earthworks near buried pipes and cables” stipulates that supply lines in the immediate vicinity can only be exposed by hand excavation. DIN18920(2014) and RAS-LP 4(1999) stipulate, among other things, that when laying cables using open construction methods, only manual excavation or suction excavators may be used in order to ensure that work is carried out in a way that protects trees.

Technical problem/summary of the invention:

In civil engineering, existing civil engineering technologies such as excavators or earth milling machines are used to partially damage or destroy utility lines when they are uncovered. The reason for the excavations can be to lay new lines, replace them, renovate them or dismantle existing lines. Therefore, soil intervention is absolutely necessary and areas with different sizes of the line zone are uncovered. Often, exploratory excavations or shafts are carried out beforehand. Due to the location of technical lines in the ground or the lack of identification of these, a large number of damages occur during civil engineering work. In most cases, this results in complex repair work, which is time-consuming and costly. Attempts are made to avoid damage to lines using search devices that can locate power and communication cables. However, the accuracy of these measurements varies greatly depending on the technology used and the local conditions. An exact determination of the location of the technical lines cannot therefore be guaranteed. Another technical approach to preventing damage to pipes is the suction excavator, which uses a suction pipe to suck soil out of the excavation area. This technology has become established in inner-city areas for critical infrastructure and in pipe network construction. However, the use of this technology represents an economic challenge for the operator of the system. Due to the complex technology, it cannot be combined with conventional construction machines and must be used individually for civil engineering work. The object of the invention is therefore to show a method and a device that combines comparable properties and compatibility with a large number of existing construction machines.

Solution:

This object is achieved according to the invention by a method and a device having the features of claim 1. With regard to the use, the object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 2, wherein the subclaims contain at least expedient embodiments and further developments.

According to the invention, the device is implemented using an attachment that can be connected to a construction machine. A construction machine used in civil engineering is understood to be an excavator, a wheel loader, a crane truck, etc. The attachment contains a drive that is hydraulically fed by the construction machine. In principle, any A different type of drive can be selected, for example an electric drive or a self-sufficient solution independent of the connected construction machine.

According to the invention, the implementation is proposed as a supplement to an existing attachment, as for example in the DE 690 19 986 T2 The existing sweeping brush is replaced by the subject matter of claim 2.

The task of preventing damage to supply lines is solved by the geometric shape of the slats. The flat impact surface of the slats on the ground or the lines located therein prevents a cutting effect or damage. The technical design and geometric relationships of the slats are described in claims 3 to 7.

The method according to the invention is based on flexible, bendable plastic slats which are attached to a shaft and rotate along the excavation area to be created. The flexibility of the slats guarantees that if the contact pressure is too high, the slats will deform, which prevents them from breaking or becoming wedged in the ground. With regard to the material composition of the plastic slats, a non-brittle, elastic plastic is used, whereby the claim for the method according to the invention is not limited to the plastic material group. Other materials with comparable properties are also possible.

In the lamella according to the invention, the basic shape is proposed with a smooth surface. Further geometric additions are possible, for example depressions in the lamella body, which can optimize the loosening of soil.

In the device according to the invention, the plastic lamellae are arranged on the shaft in a similar way to a round brush. Various geometric arrangements are possible, both in terms of the number and the distance and position of the individual lamellae relative to one another.

With regard to the technical design, it is proposed to design the lamella device according to the invention with two pairs of lamella brushes and a central drive shaft, see for comparison https://engcon.com/de_de/werkzeuge/hydraulischewerkzeuge/abnehmbare-kehrwalzen.html. This allows the device to have as free a working area as possible for loosening existing soil, without other machine parts not involved in the process hindering the civil engineering work.

Advantages:

In summary, it can be said that the method and device according to the invention are suitable for civil engineering work in general and for exposing supply lines in particular. Further advantages are the gentle and low-vibration penetration into the ground and the fact that the plastic slats are made of non-sparking material. This means that the method and device according to the invention are also suitable for work in areas at risk of explosion, for example in the case of gas pipe bursts. Furthermore, the use of the above-mentioned device is an economical alternative to conventional manual excavation in sensitive areas of line construction.

Short description of the drawings:

• 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht der rotierenden Lamelleneinheit ohne entsprechende Antriebseinheit, welche mit dem anstehenden Boden zusammenwirkt
• 2 eine Detailansicht einer einzelnen Kunststofflamelle mit beispielhafter Ausführungsvariante.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached schematic drawings. The embodiments shown are merely examples of how the device according to the invention can be designed and do not represent a final limitation. They show

• 1 a schematic side view of the rotating lamella unit without corresponding drive unit, which interacts with the existing soil
• 2 a detailed view of a single plastic slat with an exemplary design variant.

Detailed description of exemplary embodiments:

The method according to the invention will be explained below using an example embodiment and with the aid of the 1 be explained in more detail.

The 1 shows a schematic diagram of the method according to the invention after reaching the optimal operating state. The individual lamellae (1) are connected to a shaft (2) which is set in rotation (3). As a result, the lamella unit (4) initially hits the ground (5) with its tip and then, due to the elastic behavior of the lamellae, it hits the flat lamella side (6). The deformation of the individual lamellae (1) increases as the rotation progresses, thus building up a tension between each individual lamella (1) and the ground (5) in the friction surface (7) mentioned here. When the lamellae pass by, an abrasive force is generated which loosens components of the soil (5), which are then transported away on the flat side of the individual lamellae (6). This process is repeated with each row of lamellae, so that, similar to the principle of a bucket wheel, larger quantities of soil can be removed from the solid compound.

The 2 shows a detailed view of the outer part of a single plastic slat (1). In order to prevent damage to crossing supply lines, a lateral rounding of the edges (8) and a frontal rounding (9) are proposed. In addition, recesses (10) are proposed on the flat side of the slat (6) of the device according to the invention, through which the integrity of the lines that come into contact can still be guaranteed, but ensure better dynamics when loosening the soil. Several variants are possible with regard to the shape, number and arrangement of the recesses (10).

List of reference symbols:

1

Single slat

2

Wave

3

Rotation direction clockwise

4

Slat unit

5

Existing soil

6

Flat slat side

7

Friction surface

8

Lateral rounding of the edges

9

Frontal rounding of the edges

10

Recess in the flat slat side

Cited patent literature:

DE 690 19 986 T2

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EN 69019986 T2 [0010, 0021]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN 18920(2014) [0006]

Claims (7)

A method and a device for abrasive soil removal in civil engineering using rotating plastic lamellas. A rotatable slat unit (4) with plastic slats (1) as trim. A slat unit (4) according to Claim 1 , which is designed to interact with a drive unit. Use of a slat unit according to Claim 1 for construction, in particular civil engineering, e.g. for excavation and trench construction, exposing sensitive or unknown pipeline infrastructure, working in confined working spaces, embankment and/or surface work. A lamellar plastic body (1) which fulfils the function described above due to its geometric properties. A plastic slat (1) according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the length of the slat in relation to the thickness is preferably between 40 and 60. A plastic slat (1) according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the flat slat side (6) fulfils the task described above due to its geometric and technical shape.

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