DE202024104705U1 - Use of a quick-change device designed for an excavator and soil tillage machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of a quick-change device (04) designed for an excavator for fastening an excavator attachment unit (03) to a lifting carriage (06) of a leader (02), wherein the excavator attachment unit (03) is designed for introducing a binding agent into a soil and comprises the following components:
- an attachment bracket (07) for fastening the excavator attachment unit (03) to a carrier device (01);
- at least one motor (21); and
- at least one chain blade (16) which extends from the mounting bracket (07) to a blade head of the chain blade (16) and which comprises a guide rail (17) and a milling chain (18) rotating on the guide rail (17); wherein the milling chain (18) can be driven by the at least one motor (21); and wherein the chain blade (16) further comprises a conveyor line (22) for conveying the binding agent, which extends from the mounting bracket (07) along the guide rail (17) to the blade head.

Description

The invention initially relates to the use of a quick-change device designed for an excavator. Such a quick-change device originally serves to be able to detachably connect an attachment tool to a boom of an excavator. The invention also relates to a soil cultivation machine for introducing a binding agent into a soil.

From the EP 2 324 158 B1 is an excavator-mounted milling machine that is particularly suitable for breaking up hard surfaces made of rock, asphalt or concrete as well as for rock mining.

The DE 10 2015 115 543 B4 describes a strip milling machine with at least two main milling cutters spaced apart from one another. The main milling cutters are used to create milling channels and are arranged on a common axis. In addition, at least one fine milling device is arranged in front of or behind the strip milling machine.

The DE 10 2005 023 966 A1 describes a device for working the soil for row crops. The device uses a milling tube to loosen the soil.

The EP 4 209 636 A1 describes a tiller for preparing forest soils for tree planting. The tiller includes an excavator attachment with an attachment bracket for attachment to a movable boom arm of an excavator.

The DE 42 14 569 C1 shows a quick-change device for earthmoving vehicles for exchanging work tools. The work tools are detachably connected to the boom of the earthmoving machine via an adapter that can be pivoted about a horizontal axis.

From the DE 10 2014 101 001 A1 A quick-change device for an excavator is known, with which a tool can be detachably connected to a boom of the excavator. A connecting piece is made up of an adapter attached to the tool and a quick-change device attached to the boom, which are detachably connected to one another by a lock.

The DE 43 12 368 A1 shows a device for attaching work equipment such as a ram to a lifting carriage of a leader of a construction machine. The leader has on the one hand attachment points for one end of two tensioning cables guided over an upper and a lower deflection pulley and on the other hand a holder for the work equipment provided with a corresponding counter holder.

From the product brochure "Kemsolid build on solid foundations" by Kemroc Spezialmaschinenbau GmbH, 2023-05, a mixing blade is known as an attachment for excavators but also for pile drilling rigs, piling rigs and leaders for the production of milled earth concrete walls. The mixing blade comprises a chain blade and a conveyor line for fresh concrete. With this mixing blade, a soil can be milled and fresh concrete can be introduced into the soil and mixed with the soil in a single work step, creating an earth concrete wall in the ground. The mixing blade is available in various versions with a length between 6 and 12 meters. However, installing such a long mixing blade on a leader is difficult because the installation location is at a height corresponding to the length of the mixing blade and therefore leads to risks for the operating personnel.

The object of the present invention, based on the prior art, is to facilitate the assembly of an excavator attachment unit formed by a mixing blade on a leader.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a use according to the appended claim 1 and by a soil tillage machine according to the appended independent claim 13.

According to the invention, a quick-change device designed for an excavator is used to attach an excavator attachment unit formed by a mixing blade to a vertically movable lifting carriage of a leader. The leader is originally a guide device for a construction machine and is used to introduce piles, such as pipes or piles, or to drill holes in the ground. The leader is designed, for example, as a pile drilling device. The pile or a drilling drive is attached to the lifting carriage in order to be able to move the pile or the drilling drive vertically on the leader. However, it is also known to attach a mixing blade, originally forming an excavator attachment unit, to such a leader for introducing a binding agent into the ground in order to be able to insert the mixing blade vertically into the ground using the leader.

The quick-change device is originally designed to be able to detachably connect an attachment to an excavator boom. The attachment is, for example, an excavator bucket, an excavator bucket fel or a hydraulic hammer. The attachment must be hooked onto the quick-change device to connect it to the boom and then locked, which can be done mechanically by hand or preferably hydraulically.

The excavator attachment unit formed by the mixing blade is an interchangeable accessory for an excavator. An excavator is understood here to be a construction machine for loosening and moving soil and rock. The excavator attachment unit can be detachably attached to a movable boom arm of the excavator.

The excavator attachment unit formed by the mixing blade is used to introduce a binding agent into the soil. The term soil here refers to the outer shell of the earth, which can be natural or already worked by humans. The soil can be formed, for example, by earth or sandy soil. The binding agent introduced into the soil solidifies and forms a solid structure in the soil. The excavator attachment unit is preferably designed in such a way that the binding agent is mixed with milled parts of the soil when it is introduced into the soil, so that a mixture of the binding agent and the soil is created, which solidifies to form a solid structure. The binding agent is preferably formed by a liquid or a suspension. The binding agent preferably comprises cement and water. The binding agent is particularly preferably formed by fresh concrete. However, the binding agent can also be formed by other materials such as a resin or an adhesive.

The excavator attachment unit comprises an attachment bracket for detachably attaching the excavator attachment unit to the movable boom arm of the excavator. The attachment bracket is therefore designed to be detachably attached to the movable boom arm. For this purpose, the attachment bracket forms a mechanical interface between the excavator attachment unit and the boom arm of the excavator. The attachment bracket preferably comprises a perforated plate to which an adapter for the quick-change device is to be attached. The attachment bracket can also be designed for detachable attachment directly to the quick-change device.

The excavator attachment unit comprises at least one motor. The at least one motor is preferably formed by a hydraulic motor that can be supplied by the excavator or by an electric motor.

The excavator attachment unit comprises at least one chain bar, through which the ground can be milled by immersing the chain bar of the excavator into the ground. The chain bar extends from the attachment console to a bar head of the chain bar. The bar head forms the distal end of the chain bar. The chain bar is designed to penetrate the ground starting with its bar head. The chain bar has a guide rail and a milling chain that runs around the guide rail. The milling chain is used to mill the ground while the chain bar penetrates the ground. The milling chain slides around the guide rail. The milling chain can be driven by at least one motor.

The chain blade also includes a conveyor line for conveying the binding agent, which runs from the attachment bracket along the guide rail to the blade head. This allows the binding agent to be conveyed from the attachment bracket to the blade head, where it then exits. Since the blade head is in the ground during use, the binding agent exits into the ground, with the running milling chain preferentially mixing the binding agent with milled components of the soil, so that a binding agent-soil mixture is created. The excavator attachment unit therefore forms a mixing blade.

A particular advantage of the use according to the invention of the quick-change device designed for an excavator on a leader is that it enables the simple and safe attachment of a mixing blade to the leader. This means that different versions of the mixing blade can be exchanged on the leader with little effort, for example in order to achieve different widths of the solid structure to be formed in the ground.

In preferred embodiments, the lifting carriage with the quick-change device attached to it can be moved to a lower position, whereby the excavator attachment unit in a lying position can be hooked into the quick-change device. Accordingly, the vertically movable lifting carriage of the leader with the quick-change device attached to it can be moved to the lower position. In this lower position, the personnel can preferably work on the lifting carriage at ground level. In this lower position of the lifting carriage, the lifting carriage is preferably less than 2 meters above the ground. This is preferably the lowest position into which the lifting carriage on the leader can be moved. The mixing blade forming the excavator attachment unit, which is in a lying horizontal position, is brought to the lifting carriage or the leader is brought to the mixing blade. The mixing blade forming the excavator attachment unit is positioned so that its attachment bracket is in front of the lifting carriage and that a longitudinal axis of the mixing blade and a longitudinal axis of the leader, ie a direction of movement of the lifting carriage, lie in one plane. Now the mixing blade forming the excavator attachment unit is hooked into the quick-change device. The hooking is preferably done by moving the lifting carriage slightly upwards.

In preferred embodiments, the lifting carriage with the quick-change device attached to it and the excavator attachment unit suspended in the quick-change device can be moved upwards, whereby the excavator attachment unit is erected. The lifting carriage with the quick-change device attached to it and the mixing blade suspended in the quick-change device is moved upwards accordingly, whereby the mixing blade is erected and is aligned vertically. The mixing blade then reaches its vertical alignment when the height of the lifting carriage above the ground is at least as great as the length of the mixing blade forming the excavator attachment unit. The mixing blade thus hangs freely on the lifting carriage of the leader.

In preferred embodiments, the erected excavator attachment unit can be locked in the quick-change device. The erected mixing blade is locked in the quick-change device accordingly, so that the mixing blade forming the excavator attachment unit is firmly and detachably connected to the lifting carriage of the leader via the quick-change device. The locked mixing blade then continues to have its vertical orientation, so that it can be driven vertically into the soil to be worked by the leader.

In preferred embodiments, the attachment bracket or an adapter mounted on the attachment bracket has a retaining bolt. The quick-change device has at least one receiving claw for receiving the retaining bolt. The mixing blade thus hangs with the retaining bolt in the at least one receiving claw of the quick-change device and thus also on the lifting carriage of the leader. The retaining bolt can be hooked into the at least one receiving claw of the quick-change device. The retaining bolt is thus hooked into the at least one receiving claw of the quick-change device when the excavator attachment unit in the lying position is hooked into the quick-change device. The retaining bolt is preferably aligned horizontally during the intended use of the mixing blade. The retaining bolt is preferably aligned perpendicular to the plane in which the longitudinal axis of the mixing blade and the longitudinal axis of the leader lie. The one receiving claw or the two spaced-apart receiving claws preferably accommodate the retaining bolt over its entire free length.

In preferred embodiments, the attachment bracket or an adapter mounted on the attachment bracket has a coupling bolt in addition to the retaining bolt. The quick-change device comprises at least one locking claw as a counterpart to the coupling bolt. The at least one locking claw is movable in order to receive the coupling bolt. The at least one locking claw is therefore moved when the erected excavator attachment unit is locked in the quick-change device in order to receive the coupling bolt. The excavator attachment unit is thus connected to the quick-change device via the retaining bolt and via the coupling bolt, wherein the retaining bolt and the coupling bolt are clamped between the at least one receiving claw and the at least one locking claw, so that the excavator attachment unit is firmly and detachably connected to the quick-change device. The coupling bolt is preferably arranged parallel to the retaining bolt. The coupling bolt and the retaining bolt are preferably arranged in a plane which is preferably aligned vertically during the intended use of the mixing blade. The at least one safety claw can be moved mechanically by hand or preferably hydraulically or pneumatically. Accordingly, the at least one safety claw is preferably moved hydraulically or pneumatically in order to lock the excavator attachment unit. An operator is preferably located on the ground and actuates the safety claw, which is located at a height of several meters, hydraulically or pneumatically.

In alternative preferred embodiments, the quick-change device comprises at least one movable locking bolt for locking the mixing blade forming the excavator attachment unit in the quick-change device. Accordingly, the attachment bracket or an adapter mounted on the attachment bracket has at least one locking bolt receptacle into which the locking bolt can be moved. When locking the erected excavator attachment unit in the quick-change device, the locking bolt is pushed into the locking bolt receptacle. The locking bolt can be moved mechanically by hand or preferably hydraulically or pneumatically. Accordingly, the locking bolt is preferably moved hydraulically or pneumatically in order to lock the excavator attachment unit. An operator is preferably located on the ground and actuates the locking bolt, which is located at a height of several meters, hydraulically or pneumatically.

The chain bar has a length which is preferably at least 3 meters; more preferably at least 5 meters and particularly preferably at least 8 meters. The length of the entire excavator attachment unit is preferably about one meter longer than the length of the chain bar, which is due to the attachment bracket and the engine.

In preferred embodiments, the chain blade comprises a chain wheel for driving the milling chain. The milling chain runs on the chain wheel. The chain wheel is seated on a drive shaft in a rotationally fixed manner or itself forms a section of a drive shaft. The drive shaft can be driven by the at least one motor. The drive shaft is preferably directly connected to an output shaft of the at least one motor or is formed by an output shaft of the at least one motor.

In preferred embodiments, the milling chain has a plurality of milling bits. The milling bits are designed to mill the ground. The milling bits are preferably evenly distributed on an outer side of the milling chain. In preferred embodiments, the milling bits are arranged in at least two rows on the milling chain. The distance between the two rows determines a width of the structure to be introduced into the ground.

In preferred embodiments, the at least one motor is formed by a hydraulic motor that can be supplied by the excavator or by an electric motor. The at least one hydraulic motor is originally supplied via a hydraulic line that runs from the excavator along its boom arm and along the attachment bracket to the at least one hydraulic motor. The at least one electric motor that can be used alternatively is preferably supplied via an electrical line along this route. When used according to the invention, the hydraulic line runs from the carrier device over the leader and along the attachment bracket to the at least one hydraulic motor.

The soil tillage machine according to the invention serves to introduce a binding agent into a soil. The soil tillage machine comprises a carrier device which is suitable for carrying a leader. The carrier device can be formed, for example, by an excavator, by a crane or by a leader carrying device. The carrier device is preferably formed by a tracked vehicle. The soil tillage machine comprises a leader which is mounted on the carrier device and is carried by the carrier device. The leader is vertically aligned. The leader comprises a vertically displaceable lifting carriage. The soil tillage machine also comprises a quick-change device designed for an excavator, which is mounted on the lifting carriage and is carried by the lifting carriage. The soil tillage machine also comprises an excavator attachment unit for introducing a binding agent into a soil. The excavator attachment unit is formed by a mixing blade and is detachably attached to the quick-change device directly or indirectly via an adapter. The excavator attachment unit is thus carried by the lifting carriage of the leader via the quick-change device. The excavator attachment unit comprises an attachment bracket for fastening the excavator attachment unit to a carrier device and at least one motor. The excavator attachment unit also comprises at least one chain bar, which extends from the attachment bracket to a bar head of the chain bar. The chain bar comprises a guide rail and a milling chain running on the guide rail. The milling chain can be driven by the at least one motor. The chain bar also comprises a conveyor line for conveying the binding agent, which runs from the attachment bracket along the guide rail to the bar head. The soil tillage machine preferably also has features that are described in connection with the use according to the invention.

• 1 eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine;
• 2 eine erste Darstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung einer in 1 gezeigten Schnellwechselvorrichtung zur Befestigung einer in 1 gezeigten Baggeranbaueinheit;
• 3 eine zweite Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung der in 1 gezeigten Schnellwechselvorrichtung;
• 4 eine dritte Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung der in 1 gezeigten Schnellwechselvorrichtung; und
• 5 eine vierte Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung der in 1 gezeigten Schnellwechselvorrichtung.

Further advantages, details and developments of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred embodiments, with reference to the drawing. They show:

• 1 a perspective exploded view of a preferred embodiment of a soil tillage machine according to the invention;
• 2 a first representation of a preferred embodiment of an inventive use of a 1 shown quick-change device for attaching a 1 excavator attachment unit shown;
• 3 a second representation of the inventive use of the 1 quick-change device shown;
• 4 a third representation of the inventive use of the 1 quick-change device shown; and
• 5 a fourth representation of the inventive use of the 1 quick-change device shown.

1 shows a perspective exploded view of a preferred embodiment of a soil tillage machine according to the invention. The soil tillage machine comprises a carrier device in the form of a tracked vehicle 01. The carrier device 01 carries a leader 02, which can, for example, carry a drilling device (not shown), which can be driven vertically into the ground by the leader 02. According to the invention, the leader 02 is used to carry an excavator attachment unit 03 formed by a mixing blade, which is mounted on a vertically movable lifting carriage 06 of the leader 02 via a quick-change device 04 designed for an excavator (not shown). For this purpose, an adapter 08 was mounted on an attachment bracket 07 of the excavator attachment unit 03 in order to adapt the excavator attachment unit 03 to the special design of the quick-change device 04. Specifically, the adapter 08 comprises a horizontal retaining bolt 09, which can be received by two receiving claws 11 of the quick-change device 04. The adapter 08 also has a horizontal coupling bolt 12 into which two locking claws 13 of the quick-change device 04 can be pushed in order to lock the adapter 08 in the quick-change device 04.

The excavator attachment unit 03 comprises a chain blade 16, with which a ground (not shown) can be milled. The chain blade 16 has a guide rail 17 and a milling chain 18 running on the guide rail 17. The milling chain 18 has a plurality of preferably evenly distributed milling chisels 19, which are preferably arranged in two rows on the milling chain 18. The excavator attachment unit 03 comprises a hydraulic motor 21, which drives the milling chain 18.

The chain blade 16 further comprises a conveyor line 22 running from the attachment bracket 07 along the guide rail 17 for conveying fresh concrete.

2 shows a first representation of a preferred embodiment of an inventive use of the quick-change device 04 in the 1 soil tillage machine shown. Through this use, the excavator attachment unit 03 is attached to the leader 02 and used as intended. The excavator attachment unit 03 is in a lying horizontal position, so that the adapter 08 with the retaining bolt 09 is only slightly above the ground. The vertically movable lifting carriage 06 of the leader 02 has been moved to a lower position so that the retaining bolt 09 of the adapter 08 attached to the excavator attachment unit 03 can be hooked into the two receiving claws 11 of the quick-change device 04 attached to the lifting carriage 06, without having to erect the excavator attachment unit 03.

3 shows a second illustration of the use of the quick-change device 04. This second illustration is based on the 2 shown first illustration. The vertically movable lifting carriage 06 of the leader 02 is moved upwards, whereby the excavator attachment unit 03 hanging on the lifting carriage 06 is erected. The excavator attachment unit 03 is thus erected solely by the leader 02, without the need for another machine, such as a crane or a lifting platform.

4 shows a third illustration of the use of the quick-change device 04. This third illustration is based on the 3 shown second illustration. The vertically movable lifting carriage 06 of the leader 02 was moved so far upwards that the excavator attachment unit 03 hangs freely on the lifting carriage 06, whereby it has assumed a vertical orientation. The locking claws 13 of the quick-change device 04 were then moved hydraulically in order to accommodate the horizontal coupling pin 12 of the adapter 08, whereby the excavator attachment unit 03 is firmly connected to the lifting carriage 06 of the leader 02 via the adapter 08 and the quick-change device 04. The lifting carriage 06 is at a height of, for example, 20 meters. The excavator attachment unit 03 can now be used as intended.

5 shows a fourth illustration of the use of the quick-change device 04. This fourth illustration is based on the 4 shown third illustration. The excavator attachment unit 03 is now used as intended. The vertically movable lifting carriage 06 of the leader 02 is moved downwards in order to insert the chain blade 16 into the ground. The milling chain 18 is driven by the hydraulic motor 21 in order to mill the ground. Fresh concrete is conveyed through the conveyor line 22 and emerges at a lower end of the chain blade 16 in the milled ground.

list of reference symbols

01

tracked vehicle

02

brokers

03

excavator attachment unit

04

quick-change device

05

-

06

lifting carriage

07

mounting bracket

08

adapter

09

retaining bolts

10

-

11

receiving claw

12

coupling bolt

13

safety claw

14

-

15

-

16

chainsword

17

guide rail

18

milling chain

19

milling chisel

20

-

21

hydraulic motor

22

conveyor line

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2 324 158 B1 [0002]
• DE 10 2015 115 543 B4 [0003]
• DE 10 2005 023 966 A1 [0004]
• EP 4 209 636 A1 [0005]
• DE 42 14 569 C1 [0006]
• DE 10 2014 101 001 A1 [0007]
• DE 43 12 368 A1 [0008]

Claims (13)

Use of a quick-change device (04) designed for an excavator for fastening an excavator attachment unit (03) to a lifting carriage (06) of a leader (02), wherein the excavator attachment unit (03) is designed to introduce a binding agent into a soil and comprises the following components: - an attachment bracket (07) for fastening the excavator attachment unit (03) to a carrier device (01); - at least one motor (21); and - at least one chain blade (16) which extends from the attachment bracket (07) to a blade head of the chain blade (16) and which comprises a guide rail (17) and a milling chain (18) rotating on the guide rail (17); wherein the milling chain (18) can be driven by the at least one motor (21); and wherein the chain blade (16) further comprises a conveyor line (22) for conveying the binding agent, which extends from the mounting bracket (07) along the guide rail (17) to the blade head. Use after claim 1 , characterized in that the lifting carriage (06) with the quick-change device (04) attached thereto can be moved to a lower position, whereby the excavator attachment unit (03) in a lying position can be suspended in the quick-change device (04). Use after claim 2 , characterized in that the lifting carriage (06) with the quick-change device (04) attached thereto and the excavator attachment unit (03) suspended in the quick-change device (04) can be moved upwards, whereby the excavator attachment unit (03) is erected. Use after claim 3 , characterized in that the erected excavator attachment unit (03) can be locked in the quick-change device (04). Use after claim 4 , characterized in that the mounting bracket (07) or an adapter (08) mounted on the mounting bracket (07) comprises a coupling bolt (12), and that the quick-change device (04) comprises at least one locking claw (13), wherein the at least one locking claw (13) is displaceable in order to receive the coupling bolt (12). Use after claim 5 , characterized in that the at least one securing claw (13) is hydraulically or pneumatically displaceable. Use according to one of the Claims 4 until 6 , characterized in that the quick-change device (04) comprises a locking bolt which can be displaced into a locking bolt receptacle in the mounting bracket (07) or in an adapter (08) mounted on the mounting bracket (07). Use after claim 7 , characterized in that the locking bolt is hydraulically or pneumatically displaceable. Use according to one of the Claims 2 until 8 , characterized in that the mounting bracket (07) or an adapter (08) mounted on the mounting bracket (07) has a retaining bolt (09) which can be hooked into at least one receiving claw (11) of the quick-change device (04). Use according to one of the Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that the milling chain (18) has a plurality of milling bits (19). Use after claim 10 , characterized in that the milling cutters (19) are arranged in at least two rows on the milling chain (18). Use according to one of the Claims 1 until 11 , characterized in that the at least one motor is formed by a hydraulic motor (21) which can be supplied by the excavator or by an electric motor. Soil cultivation machine for introducing a binding agent into a soil, comprising a carrier device (01) and a leader (02) carried by the carrier device (01), as well as a quick-change device (04) designed for an excavator and carried by a lifting carriage (06) of the leader (02), to which an excavator attachment unit (03) for introducing a binding agent into a soil is detachably attached, wherein the excavator attachment unit (03) comprises the following components: - an attachment bracket (07) for fastening the excavator attachment unit (03) to the carrier device (01); - at least one motor (21); and - at least one chain blade (16) which extends from the attachment bracket (07) to a blade head of the chain blade (16) and which comprises a guide rail (17) and a milling chain (18) rotating on the guide rail (17); wherein the milling chain (18) can be driven by the at least one motor (21); and wherein the chain blade (16) further has a starting from the mounting bracket (07) along the guide rail (17) to the blade head conveying line (22) for conveying the binding agent.

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