DE102020216600A1 - Method and system for determining the condition and/or for operating a door or a window - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and system (1) for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window, with energy and/or data transmission between a first communication unit (2) arranged on a stationary first carrier (106) and a first communication unit (2) on a second carrier ( 108) arranged second communication unit (6), the second carrier (108) being pivotable or displaceable relative to the first carrier (106), and the first communication unit (2) on the energy and/or signal side with a central and/or mobile Monitoring unit is connected should be able to evaluate the status data of the door or window at any time and as quickly as possible. To do this, the first and/or second communication unit (2, 6) uses an integrated, local evaluation unit (12, 14) to evaluate incoming measurement data from a plurality of sensors (8, 10) with regard to stored and/or determined criteria, with the result of the Evaluation of the local evaluation unit (12, 14) is a function of at least two measurement data from different sensors.

Description

The invention relates to a method and system for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window, with energy and/or data being transmitted between a first communication unit arranged on a stationary carrier and a second communication unit arranged on a second carrier, the second carrier is pivotable or displaceable relative to the first carrier, is provided and the first communication unit is connected to a central and/or mobile monitoring unit on the energy and/or signal side.

Systems with a stationary first support and a second support which is arranged to be pivotable or displaceable relative to this are usually found in door or window assemblies. It is common for electronic units to be provided in the area of the door or window sash in such areas. Such an electronic unit can be, for example, a motorized locking device that is timed and/or remotely locked and unlocked as part of a security system. Another example of the use of electronic units in the area of the sash of doors or windows are displays or other means of identification, which serve to provide information or to improve perception of escape doors, for example. In particular, lighting devices are also often used in the area of the sash for the aforementioned reasons and to achieve a specific optical appearance of a door or a window. Such electronic units are usually connected via a cable connection. In this way, the energy supply for electrical consumers and any data connection are permanently provided.

In such a system, sensors are usually used in the area of the frame or the sash in order to be able to determine the state of the door or the window. This measurement data is usually sent to a central monitoring and evaluation unit and processed there. This makes it possible to centrally monitor the doors and windows of a building or building complex and, if necessary, even to control them remotely. However, this requires a constant connection of the individual doors and windows to the external evaluation and monitoring unit, which does not always have to be the case in the event of a break-in or in the event of external environmental influences such as fire or flooding. However, it is precisely in these cases that an automated, fast and reliable evaluation of the status data of the doors and windows is desirable in order to be able to control them automatically or to be able to issue appropriate warning signals.

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and system for operating a door or a window, which can evaluate the status data of the door or the window at any time and as quickly as possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention with the features of the characterizing part of claims 1 and 7. Advantageous further configurations are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

The invention is based on the consideration that a reliable and rapid evaluation can be carried out in particular if this is carried out directly on site, ie in the area of the door or window frame or the door or window sash. In this case, all the essential system components of a carrier are preferably installed in a common communication unit encased by a common housing. This includes in particular the communication interfaces with the external units and the second communication unit on the other carrier, the sensors, insofar as this is possible for the sensor type, the evaluation unit and, if necessary, other units such as energy storage, databases, control modules, etc.

This compact design and integration into a common housing makes the installation of the communication units much easier.

For a particularly reliable evaluation of the measurement data, at least two measurement data from different sensor types are always used and related to one another. The evaluation takes place on the basis of previously defined criteria, which in particular also depend on the two types of sensor selected, that is to say on the type of measured values. For example, a measured value can be viewed as normal within the framework of the evaluation if a second measured value is within a specific range at the same time, but can be viewed as an error or warning if the second measured value is also outside the specified limits.

In order to be able to react as quickly as possible to undesired status data of the door or the window, corresponding signals or control commands are generated by the evaluation unit depending on the fulfilled criteria or evaluation result in an advantageous embodiment, which are sent to an internal or external control unit or a motor control for opening or closing of the door or window and/or transmitted to optical or acoustic display units, for example to issue a visual or acoustic alarm. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the information signals can also be sent to the external and central monitoring unit in order to initiate corresponding method steps there as well.

In a preferred embodiment, the criteria are stored in a database, which is also installed in the communication unit on the wing and/or frame side. In this case, a type of feedback is advantageously stored in the database following an evaluation result which resulted in an action in the form of the transmission of control signals or the output of information signals. On the one hand, this feedback can contain whether the action selected by the evaluation unit was the right one or whether no action or a different action should be selected in the future for the combination of measured values. This feedback can be given manually by appropriate input units on the door, by radio via mobile units or by the central monitoring unit. If it makes sense, such a measured value combination with feedback can also be accepted by other communication units in the building and entered into the database. In this way, the system gradually learns to evaluate the various combinations of measurement data and select the appropriate action.

In addition to preventing burglaries or damage caused by extreme external influences (such as fire or flooding), the evaluation unit can also estimate the required maintenance intervals from the data provided.

In order to enable a particularly reliable evaluation of the state of the door or window, the at least two different types of sensors are advantageously selected from the group of temperature sensors, vibration sensors, cycle counters, inclination sensors and/or moisture sensors.

The temperature measurement, for example in the door frame, makes it possible to detect fires at high temperatures or temperature differences between two sides of a door or a window. Furthermore, the data in combination with a cycle counter and a corresponding time stamp can better estimate a corresponding maintenance requirement or better evaluate vibrations. For example, it is normal for a door to be harder to move and possibly scrape when it is hot due to the expansion. This could explain a possibly detected vibration without an alarm having to be sent directly. On the other hand, such behavior leads to an increased need for maintenance.

The vibration sensor enables the detection of burglaries or improper handling as well as any temperature-related changes in the closing forces of the windows and doors and can thus on the one hand send out an alarm, but on the other hand also determine the need for maintenance if this is not determined by other parameters, as already explained in the context of the temperature measurement , is explainable.

The most important parameter for the maintenance cycle of a door or a window is the number of opening and closing cycles, which can be measured with a cycle counter. However, as already mentioned in some cases, the maintenance interval is also largely determined by the temperatures, the humidity, the change in the inclination of the door or the window and should therefore take place earlier or can also take place later.

The inclination sensor measures the inclination of the door or window sash relative to the door or window frame. This tendency can vary with temperature or humidity, with time or with damage, so that if a limit is exceeded, maintenance is necessary. In particular, normal ranges, tolerance ranges, maintenance ranges or also critical ranges for the angle of inclination can be determined.

In addition to flooding, the moisture measurement can also detect rain, which in combination with other parameters can lead to the door or window being closed automatically. Furthermore, more frequent maintenance, ie shorter maintenance intervals, is necessary in the case of high humidity.

Advantageously, in addition to the above sensors, an opening sensor is provided for detecting the open state of the door or the window, which is preferably connected to a burglar alarm system for signaling purposes. A break-in can be detected with this and, for example, in combination with the above sensor data, for example the vibration sensor. However, the information about the open status of the door or window is also helpful for the selection of an action by the evaluation unit, for example when generating a motor signal for the automatic closing of the door or window.

Since the wired energy supply of the wing-side communication unit is usually associated with an increased laying effort and such a type of laying is optically green or because of the risk of easy manipulation for security reasons, the energy and/or data transmission between the first and second communication unit is advantageously contactless.

This can be done, for example, by means of induction coils. Induction coils are used both on the frame side and on the sash side, which come into electromagnetic contact. An energy store or an electrical terminal device on the receiver side is charged using inductive charging via the resonant frequency of an oscillating circuit with the induction coils and connected capacitors.

In order to avoid higher energy losses during transmission, it is advantageous if transmission at resonant frequency is avoided as far as possible and transmission is carried out at a lower frequency. In particular, 1/n of the resonant frequency, where n is a natural, odd number greater than 1, in particular 1/3 of the resonant frequency, has proven to be particularly suitable. The resonant frequency relates to the first oscillating circuit or from the interaction of both oscillating circuits, provided they are in contact. The lower transmission frequency also results in advantages in terms of electromagnetic compatibility, which even makes it possible to use larger induction coils while maintaining electromagnetic compatibility.

In order to be able to compensate for peak loads on the part of the receiver unit or the end device connected to it, the system is designed in such a way that the transmission controller can increase the transmission frequency if necessary, so that transmission can even be carried out at the resonant frequency, for example. Such load peaks can occur in particular when a motor of the end device starts or additional subsystems are switched on. In an alternative or additional configuration, an additional energy store can also be provided in the receiving unit or connected to it. From this energy store, in particular in the form of a supercapacitor, the peak load can then be served if required, while the system continues to be operated in a first operating mode with a low transmission frequency, preferably 1/3 of the resonant frequency. Only when there is no energy store, when the voltage falls below a specified level, or when there is a specific request from the receiving unit can the transmission controller switch to a second operating state with a higher transmission frequency, preferably the resonant frequency. Such a change in the operating mode can also take place automatically if the receiving unit signals an atypically long energy requirement. This can be the case, for example, when certain charge values of external energy stores on the receiver side are not reached or are no longer reached as quickly as usual. The system can therefore recognize in advance that there is an increased energy requirement before this is explicitly requested or before the external energy storage device on the receiver side is empty or falls below a minimum charge. The system is thus largely operated in the first operating mode, i.e. with a low transmission frequency, high efficiency and high electromagnetic compatibility, and only in individual cases and for a limited, short time, namely when the energy stored on the receiver side is not sufficient for a peak load, to a switched to a higher transmission frequency.

As already mentioned, the operating mode is changed in a preferred embodiment on the basis of system parameters that are measured, such as falling below a specified voltage level. Alternatively or additionally, however, it is also possible for a change in the operating mode to be initiated by the receiving or transmitting unit, for example when the system recognizes that a peak load is imminent. This could happen, for example, through stored routines or learned, characteristic operating processes.

This could also represent a corresponding action by the evaluation unit, which, for example, recognizes from a measurement data curve sent to it that corresponding end device motors will soon be switched on and that there will therefore be an increased energy requirement.

In order to determine the resonant frequency and configure the system, the first oscillating circuit is addressed in a particularly advantageous embodiment with a single 0-1 edge and a step response is thus generated. The natural frequency of the system can be recognized by means of this step response, since this is not only dependent on the transmitter unit, but also on the interaction with the induction coil of the receiver unit. To a certain extent, this configuration can also be used to detect foreign objects whose presence prohibits energy and data transmission for security reasons.

Such a configuration of the system and determination of the resonant frequency is advantageously carried out as part of the initialization, ie the first contact phase, and then at regular intervals intervals for tracking the appropriate transmission frequency.

In a preferred embodiment, a detection unit is provided in order not to initiate energy transmission until the appropriate receiver unit is within range, but also to check whether the receiver unit is authorized to receive energy from the transmitter unit. This detection unit is preferably composed of a receiving interface in the transmitting unit and a transmitting interface in the receiving unit.

Although, as already explained above, the receiving unit can occasionally be recognized on the basis of the step response, this may not be sufficient, especially when it comes to security issues, since the speed at which the remote station is recognized depends on the cycle time , in which the step response is generated and evaluated. If necessary, the step response must also be repeated several times in order to validate the result. This negatively impacts the speed at which the system can be armed.

An advantageous embodiment of such a detection unit would be, for example, in the form of an RFID detector as the receiver and RFID tags as the transmitter. Such a system can continuously check the presence of the tag and thus immediately indicate readiness. As a further option, the receiving unit could be equipped with a magnet that a Hall sensor in the transmitting unit recognizes. The advantage of RFID compared to the Hall sensor would be that a specific ID could be sent, which would clearly identify the remote station. Another advantage of using an RDIF tag is that it can also indirectly transmit the energy requirement. This could be realized in such a way that the main circuit short-circuits the antenna of the RFID tag as long as the energy demand is met. The RFID detector would then no longer recognize a customer and would stop the transmission. Only when the RFID tag sends again and the detector detects a remote station would the transmission unit start transmitting energy and/or data again.

Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible for a simple additional resonant circuit to be used in the transmission unit, which is excited with an excitation frequency that differs from its natural frequency. The receiving unit is also provided with a simple LC resonant circuit. In an advantageous embodiment, the system is designed in such a way that the approach of the receiving unit detunes the oscillating circuit of the transmitting unit in such a way that its natural frequency approaches the fixed excitation frequency. The amplitude of the oscillating circuit in the transmitter unit is monitored. If the amplitude rises, the receiving unit is there, if it falls, the corresponding receiving unit is missing and the transmission control can be activated accordingly. This system with an additional oscillating circuit enables both the rapid recognition of the receiving unit and the possibility of displaying the energy requirement by manipulating the LC oscillating circuit. This configuration of the detection unit via an additional, small resonant circuit has the particular advantage that hardly any energy has to be expended on the receiving unit side. For this purpose, optical signals, radio messages or the like are otherwise often used, which consume a comparatively large amount of energy or actively modulate responses to the energy transmission by load jumps. The latter impairs the efficiency of the energy transfer and is unsuitable for indicating a sudden need in the case of large pauses between the energy requests.

It is also provided to check by exchanging data whether the amount of energy sent has also arrived at the receiver, in order to check the function of the system on the one hand, but also to determine an external diversion of the energy on the other.

In addition to the transmission of data and signals via the induction coils, the signals and data can also be transmitted encrypted or unencrypted via a separate communication interface.

The disadvantage of using flat induction coils is that the efficiency drops very quickly with increasing distance, which in turn has to be compensated for using very large coils. In the typical door or window arrangement preferred here, this is usually not easy to implement because there is not enough space for it. In a preferred embodiment, induction coils with a U-shaped or E-shaped core are therefore used. On the one hand, these can be installed in a space-saving manner and can transmit over a greater distance. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cross section of the legs of the U-shaped or E-shaped core is designed to be oval or extended in a direction of embossing, in order to compensate for an offset between the first carrier and the second carrier. The orientation of the oval or the direction of expression can be adapted to the typical application. If, for example, an offset in the vertical direction is to be expected, then the longer axis of the oval or the direction of embossing is also formed in the vertical direction.

The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that by integrating sensors, evaluation unit, databases and contactless energy and data transmission, a particularly compact and therefore easy-to-install system can be created that the state of the door or a window with regard to the need for maintenance and security aspects against unwanted access or external influences can be detected and appropriate actions can be taken. Furthermore, mechanical / physical changes between the frame and sash can be detected early to initiate preventive maintenance to avoid damage and increase longevity. Acute maintenance situations are also recognized and signaled as quickly as possible.

• 1 ein schematischer Aufbau eines Systems zur Zustandsbestimmung und zum Betreiben einer Tür oder eines Fensters, und
• 2 ein schematischer Aufbau einer kontaktlosen Energie- und/oder Datenübertragung zwischen den Kommunikationseinheiten.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. show:

• 1 a schematic structure of a system for determining the status and for operating a door or a window, and
• 2 a schematic structure of a contactless energy and/or data transmission between the communication units.

The same features are provided with the same reference symbols in both figures.

The system 1 for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window 1 comprises a first communication unit 2, which is arranged on a stationary carrier, in particular a door or window frame. On the signal side, this first communication unit 2 is connected via a communication interface 4 to an external and central monitoring unit (not shown). This signal connection can be wired through the communication interface 4, but it is also possible for a radio connection to be set up to the central monitoring unit or a mobile unit.

The system 1 after the 1 further includes a second communication unit 6, which is arranged on a second carrier, which is designed to be pivotable or displaceable relative to the first. This second carrier is in particular a door or window sash. For communication of the first communication unit 2 with the second communication unit 6, the first communication unit 2 comprises a transmission unit 102 and the second communication unit 6 comprises a receiving unit 104 for transmitting and receiving energy. Signals or data can also be exchanged bidirectionally via the transmitting and receiving unit 102, 104.

The first and second communication units 2, 6 also include a plurality of sensors 8, 10, which can be arranged in the first, second or both communication units 2, 6, depending on the sensor type. For example, a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor or a moisture sensor is preferably arranged in the communication unit 2 on the frame, while an inclination sensor is advantageously arranged in the wing element, ie in the second communication unit 6 . Depending on the structure and mode of operation, a cycle counter can be installed in the first communication unit 2 or in both communication units 2, 6.

The measurement data from the sensors 8, 10 are sent to a local evaluation unit 12, 14 and processed by it. Due to the easier provision of energy, an evaluation unit 12 in the frame-side communication unit 2 is more advantageous, but depending on the sensor types used and the state variables examined, an evaluation unit 14 in the wing-side communication unit 6 is also possible in an additional or alternative configuration. The energy for the wing-side evaluation unit 14 is transmitted via the transmitting and receiving units 102, 104, as will be described in detail below.

The evaluation units 12, 14 are specifically designed to relate the measurement data from a number of sensor types to one another using predetermined or learned criteria and to carry out an action on the basis of this combination of a number of measurement data. To do this, the evaluation units 12, 14 access a locally provided database 16, 18 and call up corresponding evaluation criteria, limit values or tolerance ranges and results based thereon or actions to be carried out. The results of the evaluation units 12, 14 or the resulting actions to be carried out are converted into corresponding signals by means of a signal processing unit 20, 22. These can be information signals that are sent to the external monitoring unit or control signals for a local acoustic or visual information unit 24, 26 for the output of acoustic or visual information or alarms. Furthermore, control signals are also possible, which are sent to a motor controller 28, 30 in order to then, for example, close, tilt or open the door or the window.

The system 1 for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window is also designed to process feedback on the results or selected actions of the evaluation unit 12, 14. This is made possible by the fact that the local databases 16, 18 from the external monitoring unit or can also be described via direct communication via interfaces, which are not shown, and thus previous actions can be evaluated. In this case, communication of the database via a radio interface with an app on a mobile terminal device is provided in particular. In this way, limit values or tolerance ranges specific to the place of use or also door or window can be recognized and updated and entered into the database, and the system 1 can thus be continuously improved and optimized.

Furthermore, the data transmitted by the sensors 8, 10 is stored in the database 16, 18 by the evaluation unit 12, 14 and evaluated with regard to system-typical areas, even over a longer period of time. The usual measuring ranges can be determined for the place of use and the door or the window and thus tolerance and limit ranges can be defined or adjusted automatically. With the help of appropriate algorithms, for example based on artificial intelligence, changing environmental conditions can be mapped on the tolerance side by linking and evaluating the measured sensor data. As a result, it is no longer necessary to configure the system 1 in advance with regard to the system components used, such as the manufacturer-specific differences in the doors or windows, sensors 8, 10 and external influences, but the system automatically learns to evaluate these influencing factors and corresponding criteria for the actions to be selected.

To increase security, the system 1 for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window includes an opening sensor for detecting the opening status of the door or the window. For this purpose, a magnetic contact 32 is provided in the first communication unit 2 which interacts with a magnet 34 in the second communication unit 6 . This opening sensor is directly connected to an intruder alarm system. This second and separate communication with an external unit increases the security of the system 1. Nevertheless, it is also possible for the data from the opening sensor to be transmitted to the evaluation unit 12 and used in the evaluation of the other measured values. The information about the open status of the door or window is particularly useful when the evaluation unit selects an action, for example when generating a motor signal for the automatic closing of the door or window.

Furthermore, a distributor 36 is provided in the first communication unit 2 . Additional components (e.g. a bolt contact) can be connected via this distributor 36 . Cover monitoring is to be provided here, which generates a message in the event of unauthorized opening and access to the communication unit 2.

A possible system 101 for the contactless transmission of energy and data between a transmitter unit 102 and a receiver unit 104 is in 2 shown.

The system 101 for contactless transmission of energy and data after 2 comprises a transmitter unit 102 for transmitting energy and data to a receiver unit 104. The transmitter unit 2 is arranged in a first carrier 106 and the receiver unit 104 in a second carrier 108. The first carrier 106 is in the exemplary embodiment 2 a stationary frame of a door or a window, whereas the second carrier 108 is a window or door leaf which can be pivoted or slid in relation to the first carrier 106 .

In the embodiment after 2 the contactless energy transmission is separated from the data transmission. The energy flow is therefore first described. The transmission unit 102 is fed by an external energy source (energy flow 201), which is not shown, but it can also have its own power pack. For this purpose, an energy store 110 is provided in the transmission unit 102, which can be designed as an intermediate buffer. This energy player 110 supplies the transmission controller 112 with energy (energy flow 202). However, it is of course also possible for the transmission controller 112 to be supplied with energy directly from the external energy source. The transmission controller 112 serves to supply current to a first induction coil 114 arranged on the transmitter side (energy flow 203). For this purpose, the transmission controller 112 is designed to decide when and at what frequency the first induction coil 114 is to be driven, based on the information made available to it. In this case, in particular, the change to different operating modes is provided. These operating modes differ in the frequency with which the first induction coil 114 is driven and thus in the transmission frequency of the transmission unit. The transmission controller 112 is specifically designed to use only 1/3 of the resonant frequency as the transmission frequency in a first operating mode. This is the operating mode of the system 101 that is usual for operation and is used the most in terms of time. In order to compensate for individual load peaks, however, the transmission controller 112 can also switch to a second operating mode in which the transmission frequency corresponds to the resonant frequency of the system 1 . Depending on the application, the transmission controller 112 can also have other operating modes in which is sent with other frequencies.

On the receiver side, a second induction coil 116 is arranged in the second carrier 108, which picks up the electromagnetic fields emitted by the first induction coil 114 and in turn converts it into electricity. Even if not shown separately, in addition to the transmission of energy via the induction coils 114, 116, it is also possible to transmit data or signals via them. The energy is forwarded to an input circuit 118 (energy flow 204) and stored from there in a second, optional energy store 120 (energy flow 205). This optional second energy store 120 supplies a detection unit 144 to be described later. The current is supplied to the energy management 122 of the receiving unit 104 from the second energy store 120 or, if this is not provided, directly from the input circuit 118 (energy flow 206). The energy management 122 decides according to specified rules and on the basis of the system data made available to it whether the energy is fed directly to the end device connected via the load output 124 and not shown (energy flow 207, 208) or whether the energy is first stored in an external energy storage device 126 is stored in the second carrier 108 (energy flow 209). This depends on whether the terminal device is currently in need of energy or not and how much energy is required. If required, the end device can also be supplied with energy again via the energy management system 122 from the external energy store 126 in order to compensate for peak loads without the transmission controller 112 having to switch to a different operating mode. In the present exemplary embodiment, the external energy store 126 is embodied as a supercapacitor or as a group of supercapacitors.

On the data side, the transmission unit 102 includes a central data processing unit 128, which is connected to an evaluation unit 12 of the second carrier on the signal side (bidirectional data line 223521). The data processor 128 is also connected to signal outputs and inputs 132 (bidirectional data line 222) in order to be able to connect further external data sources or receivers. The data processing unit 128 is designed to process the data transmitted to it, to filter it and to send corresponding control commands or ready-made information packets to the transmission controller 112 (bidirectional data line 223) or, for communication with the receiving unit, to a data communication interface 134 arranged at the transmitter end ( bidirectional data line 224). The data communication interface 134 arranged at the transmitter end comprises a transmitting and receiving unit and is designed to encrypt and decrypt the data that is transmitted to the receiving unit or also received by it as required. The communication with the data communication interface 136 arranged on the receiver side takes place via wireless communication with the usual protocols desired for the data structure and data security (bidirectional data transmission 225). The data communication interface 136 arranged on the receiver side is designed, like the data communication interface 134 arranged on the transmitter side, to send and receive data and to encrypt and decrypt the data if necessary.

The receiving unit 104 also includes central data processing1 38, which, analogous to the central data processing 128 of the transmitting unit 102, has a signal-side connection with a second evaluation unit 14 arranged in the second carrier 108 and signal outputs and inputs 142 (bidirectional data lines 226, 227). The data processor 138 is also designed to receive the transmitted data from the data communication interface 136 arranged on the receiver side or to send data to it for transmission (bidirectional data line 228). Data processing 138 is able to process the received data and to route it to or from the second evaluation unit 14, the signal outputs and inputs 142, the load output 124 (bidirectional data line 229) or also the energy management 122 (bidirectional data line 230). to receive this, in particular the second evaluation unit 14 .

To increase the security and also the energy efficiency of the transmission, the exemplary embodiment includes 2 also a detection unit 144. An RFID detector 146 in the transmitting unit 102 and an RFID tag 148 in the receiving unit 104 are assigned to this detection unit 144. If the second carrier 108 is in the vicinity of the first carrier 106, i.e. in the usual application, the door or the window is closed and the induction coils 114, 116 are therefore within range of one another, the RFID detector 146 detects the presence of the RFID tag 148 ( Data transfer 231). For this purpose, the RFID tag 148 includes an antenna. With this arrangement, not only can the closed position of the second carrier 108 be monitored, it is also possible to use the ID of the RFID tag 148 to reliably identify that only the authorized receiving unit 104 is in the vicinity of the transmitting unit 102 and no third-party units. The data from the RFID tag 148 determined by the RFID detector 146 is now checked and fed to the transmission unit 112 (data line 232). The transmission unit 112 can now initialize an energy and data transmission on the basis of the checked data or, if an Approved Receiver Unit is not nearby, stop.

The detection unit 144 also includes a control unit 150, which is designed to short-circuit the antenna of the RFID tag 148 and thus prevent transmission to the RFID detector 146 (signal line 233). This is carried out in particular when the control unit 150 receives the information from the energy management system 122 or the second energy storage device 120 that the terminals do not require any further energy, for example because the external storage device 126 is sufficiently charged (signal line 234). Although the second carrier 108 is close to the first carrier 106, for example in the context of a closed position of a door or a window, the RFID detector 146 does not receive a signal from the RFID tag 148 in this case, which is why the energy and possibly data transmission is stopped .

Overall, the system 101 for the contactless transmission of energy and data is particularly energy-efficient due to the flexibility of the transmission frequency and the control of the energy transmission as required, and it has a particularly high level of electromagnetic compatibility.

The energy and data transmission of the system 1 for status determination and/or for operation between the first and second communication unit 2, 6 thus takes place via the transmitting and receiving unit 102, 104.

What is particularly advantageous about the system 1 for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window is that all the essential components of a carrier 106, 108, such as communication interfaces 4, 102, 104, evaluation unit 12, 14, databases 16, 18 and sensors 8, 10 are installed in a common module with a common housing, as far as this is possible from the type and measuring method of the sensor 8, 10, so that the installation effort is minimized and a particularly compact system can be created.

Reference List

1

System for status determination

2

first communication unit

4

communication interface

6

second communication unit

8, 10

sensors

12, 14

evaluation unit

16, 18

Database

20, 22

signal processing

24, 26

information unit

28, 30

engine control

32

magnetic contact

34

magnet

36

distributor

101

System for contactless energy or data transmission

102

transmitter unit

104

receiving unit

106

first carrier

108

second carrier

110

first energy storage

112

transfer control

114

first induction coil

116

second induction coil

118

input circuit

120

second energy storage

122

energy management

124

load output

126

external energy storage

128

data processing

132

Signal outputs and inputs

134

data communication interface

136

data communication interface

138

data processing

142

Signal outputs and inputs

144

detection unit

146

RFID detector

148

RFID tag

150

control unit

Claims (9)

Method for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window, energy and/or data being transmitted between a first communication unit (2) arranged on a stationary first carrier (106) and a second communication unit (2) arranged on a second carrier (108). 6), the second carrier (108) being pivotable or displaceable relative to the first carrier (106), and the first communication unit (2) being connected to a central and/or mobile monitoring unit on the energy and/or signal side characterized in that the first and/or second communication unit (2, 6) uses an integrated, local evaluation unit (12, 14) to evaluate incoming measurement data from a plurality of sensors (8, 10) with regard to stored and/or determined criteria, and in that the result of the evaluation of the local evaluation unit (12, 14) is a function of at least two measurement data from different types of sensors. Method for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window claim 1 , characterized in that the local evaluation unit (12, 14), depending on the result of the evaluation, sends control commands to a control unit (28, 30) of the door or the window and/or information signals to an optical or acoustic display unit (24, 26) and/or or creates and sends data signals to the central or mobile monitoring unit. Method for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window claim 2 , characterized in that the local evaluation unit (12, 14) is sent feedback on the result in response to the transmission of the control commands, information signals and/or data signals, which is stored in a database (16, 18) together with the result and the measurement data used is deposited. Method for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window claim 3 , characterized in that the feedback is taken into account as a criterion in a future evaluation. Method for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window according to one of Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the energy and / or data transmission between the first and second communication unit (2, 6) takes place without contact. System (1) for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window with a first communication device (2) on a stationary first carrier (106) and a second communication device (6) on a second carrier (108), the second carrier (108) is arranged such that it can pivot or slide relative to the first carrier (106) and energy and/or data transmission is provided between the first and second communication device (2, 6), the first communication device (2) requiring energy and/or is connected on the signal side to a central and/or mobile monitoring unit, the first and/or second communication unit (2, 6) comprising a plurality of sensors (8, 10), characterized in that the first and/or second communication unit (2, 6) has a local evaluation unit (12, 14) and that at least two different types of sensors (2, 6) are provided and the evaluation unit (12, 14) is designed for the Evaluate measurement data from the various sensors (2, 6) in relation to one another and on the basis of stored and/or determined criteria. System (1) for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window claim 6 , characterized in that the at least two different types of sensors (8, 10) are from the group of temperature sensors, vibration sensors, cycle counters, inclination sensors and/or humidity sensors. System (1) for determining the status and/or for operating a door or a window claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that the first and/or second communication unit (2, 6) comprises a database (16, 18) with evaluation criteria and feedback information on previous evaluations, which the evaluation unit (12, 14) accesses to evaluate the measurement data. System (1) for determining the condition and/or for operating a door or a window according to one of Claims 6 until 8th , characterized in that at least one opening sensor (32, 34) is provided for detecting the opening state of the door or the window.

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