DE102014009527A1 - Modifiable UV tube reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a modifiable UV tube reactor (M-UV tube reactor) in three-part construction. Main application: Oxidation, secondary applications: UV irradiation, disinfection The reactor base and the reactor head are designed to accommodate UV-C / UV-B / UV-A lamps of different lengths and outputs from <0.5 kW to> 10 kW. The exchangeable reactor tube is constructed of internally toothed ring elements and variable in length. Radial helical flows, Dean vortex flows, turbulent flows and / or oscillations over the reactor longitudinal axis are generated in the reactor chamber by the tooth geometry of the ring elements. Through this optimized fluid mixing in the entire reactor chamber, both the UV source and the reactor inner wall constantly presented redesigned fluid surfaces. The formation of flow channels is excluded by the geometry of the reactor chamber. In the main application oxidation and irradiation and disinfection mainly of viruses and / or microorganism-containing liquids, particularly preferably in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment, the process water treatment of the manufacturing industry, such as food industry, pharmaceutical industry and for the elimination of drugs from transgenic animals or plants or drug residues as well as the treatment of service water, cooling water and other applications. Depending on the size, the flow rate can be from <0.5 m3 / h to> 80 m3 / h.

Description

The present invention relates to a tubular reactor coated in the main application of titanium dioxide, comprising at least one UV radiation source for generating ultraviolet light, a protective tube consisting of UV-continuous quartz glass or borosilicate glass, a reactor tube constructed from ring elements, wherein a radial keyway is formed between two ring elements is, as well as a diagonal or straight toothing of the ring elements for turbulent fluid mixing.

The thickness of the fluid layers can be freely selected by the toothing and keyways between <2 mm and> 30 mm and is essentially dependent on the transmission and the required oxidation performance.

The process of UV-activated oxidation is based on natural processes. In principle, organic substances are excited under the action of ultraviolet rays in such a way that, in the presence of a suitable oxidizing agent, oxidative degradation takes place, ideally up to the mineralization of the organic substances.

The bactericidal and virucidal activity of the photocatalytic activity of TiO ₂ is based on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydroxyl radicals (OH radical) generated by the synergy system of the titanium dioxide with UV light.

Most studies have led to the same result, namely that the hydroxyl radical (OH radical) is the most important type of disinfection involved in the bactericidal and virucidal activity of photocatalysis.

Due to its strong oxidative capacity, photocatalytic oxidation can effectively disinfect and purify air, water and other liquid fluids.

• • niedrige Kosten
• • hohe photokatalytische Wirksamkeit
• • ungiftig

Titanium dioxide in the form of anatase is the most common photocatalyst and has the following advantages

• • low costs
• • high photocatalytic effectiveness
• • non-toxic

After exposure to light, titanium dioxide produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that react with organic matter and produce non-toxic inorganic matter.

In general, titanium dioxide disinfection is more effective than chlorine or ozone.

Hydroxyl radicals (OH radical) have one of the highest oxidation potentials that can be used in the water sector.

In a preferred embodiment, the tube reactor designed from variable ring elements is designed so that a continuous axial and radial mixing is ensured.

Reactor design:

• 1. Fußteil mit Fluidzulauf und Reaktorbodenplatte
• 2. Das aus innen verzahnten Ringelementen mit radialen Keilnuten aufgebaute Reaktorrohr
• 3. Das Reaktorkopfteil mit Fluidauslauf, einer Kopfplatte mit Halterung für UV-Strahler und Schutzrohr, einer fluiddichten Strahlereinhausung, einer Kabelführung und radialen Durchgangsbohrungen zur Fluidführung vom Bestrahlungsraum zum Fluidablauf.

The M-UV tubular reactor according to the invention is designed as a three-part element.

• 1. Foot with fluid inlet and bottom plate reactor
• 2. The internally toothed ring elements with radial splines constructed reactor tube
• 3. The reactor head part with fluid outlet, a head plate with support for UV lamps and protective tube, a fluid-tight Strahlereinhausung, a cable guide and radial through holes for fluid guidance from the irradiation chamber for fluid drainage.

The particularly preferred radially mounted through holes in the top plate ensure optimum fluid flow in the reactor chamber and prevent the formation of flow channels.

The foot part 1 and the headboard 3 are designed so that the reactor tube made of internally toothed ring elements can be easily replaced.

Between the foot and head part a variety of different tooth depths and tooth geometries can be introduced.

This preferred construction significantly reduces manufacturing costs.

The coated reactor tube consisting of ring elements is designed as a replacement element and can be exchanged in the event of exhaustion or wear of the coating in a simple manner.

The ring elements can be disassembled, refurbished and reused.

The food suitable connections between the reactor base, reactor tube and head part correspond to the prior art z. As flange, Klampverbindungen and other suitable quick fasteners.

Ring members reactor tube:

The ring elements consist of a disc with a central through hole approx. 1-10 mm larger than the radiator protection tube, a flat surface, a machined annular groove for O-ring seals, two worked bevels, an internal toothing and radially arranged threaded holes and slot holes for countersunk screws.

The preferred elongated holes allow a variable tooth offset by rotating the individual ring elements with each other for fluid guidance.

Due to the worked bevels on the ring elements is formed between two superimposed ring elements a to the radiation source opening keyway.

The opening angle can be freely selected between <10 ° and> 120 °. The depth of the keyway corresponds to the tooth depth. The tooth depth is largely dependent on the task and the transmission of the fluids to be processed and may have depths of <2 mm to> 30 mm.

gearing:

The internal teeth of the ring elements can be designed paraxial, as straight teeth or helical teeth variable from 0 to> 60 °.

In a preferred design, the tooth flanks are designed so that the radiation source is presented an optimal surface and shading is excluded. Due to the tooth shape, the tooth depth and the formed radial keyway, the ring elements can have a larger surface by a factor of 3 than a smooth unstructured tube inner wall.

It has been found that the preferred surface enlargement in conjunction with the optimized axial and radial mixing result in a significant increase in the oxidation results.

In a particularly preferred design, the ring elements have a helical toothing. The fluid is guided in this design helically through the reactor. The distance can be increased by more than 50% compared to an axial flow.

It has been found that a continuous and rapid exchange of the fluids to be treated with the coating of the contact surface in the tubular reactor positively influences the oxidation behavior.

Very particular preference is a change of right-hand and left-hand teeth. In this preferred manner, the fluid after z. B. 90 °, 180 ° or 360 ° be redirected.

Another preferred design is tooth offset. In this design variant, the teeth are offset so that a tooth forms a baffle surface on a tooth gap in the overlying ring element and divides the fluid flow.

In a preferred embodiment, segment-wise different tooth sizes or ring elements are used without toothing. The distance to the protective tube can vary from <2 mm to> 15 mm. In this way, both calmed and accelerated zones can be created in the continuously flow-through reactor.

Reactor headboard headstock:

The reactor headboard is designed in two parts.

• a) Kopfplatte mit radial eingebrachten Durchgangsbohrungen (Fluidablauf), eine UV-Strahlerhalterung, eine Schutzglashalterung sowie eine fluiddichte UV-Strahlereinhausung mit Kabelkanal
• b) Fluidablauf

The essential components are

• a) top plate with radially inserted through holes (fluid outlet), a UV lamp holder, a protective glass holder and a fluid-tight UV lamp housing with cable channel
• b) fluid drainage

Measuring technology:

• • UV-Sensor
• • Trübung
• • Temperatur
• • UV-Intensität
• • Leitfähigkeit
• • pH-Wert

In a preferred variant of the UV tube reactor measuring devices are provided, inter alia, as needed

• • UV sensor
• • Turbidity
• • temperature
• • UV intensity
• • Conductivity
• • PH value

UV lamps:

The M-UV tubular reactor according to the invention can be operated with low-pressure and medium-pressure radiators.

The design is essentially dependent on the task and the transmission of the fluids to be treated.

• • UV-C
• • UV-B
• • UV-A Strahler

Mit einer elektrischen Leistung < 0,5 kW bis > 10,0 kWPossible are

• • UV-C
• • UV-B
• • UV-A lamp

With an electrical output <0.5 kW to> 10.0 kW

In the particularly preferred main application oxidation predominantly UV-A low pressure and UV-A medium-pressure lamps with the main shaft 365 nm are used.

In the particularly preferred UV-C disinfection predominantly UV-C low-pressure or UV-C medium-pressure lamps with the main wave 254 nm are used.

Protective glass protective tube:

The radiator sheaths are made of UV-permeable quartz glass or borosilicate glass.

In a preferred embodiment, the radiator sheaths are provided with a UV-permeable non-stick coating.

In the most preferred main application, oxidation, all surfaces facing the UV source are coated with titanium dioxide.

• a) als Spiegelflächen ausgelegt sein,
• b) mit Silber beschichtet sein,
• c) mit Kupfer beschichtet sein,
• d) mit anderen bakterizid und/oder viruzid wirkenden Beschichtung versehen sein,
• e) aus einer Kombination aus a/b/c/d bestehen.

In the alternative preferred disinfection all accessible surfaces of the UV source

• a) be designed as mirror surfaces,
• b) be coated with silver,
• c) be coated with copper,
• d) be provided with other bactericidal and / or virucidal coating,
• e) consist of a combination of a / b / c / d.

Currents in the M UV reactor:

In a very particularly preferred design, the centrically arranged protective tube with round bottom is centrically flowed through the reactor bottom. The inflowing fluid is distributed evenly in the reactor chamber and flows in the spaces between the radiator protection tube and the reactor jacket to the reactor top plate.

The top plate has a plurality of radially disposed through holes which direct the fluid to the fluid drain. Due to the circumferentially evenly arranged toothings and keyways, the flow in the entire reactor chamber is uniform over 360 °.

The flow behavior of a liquid depends on the geometry and nature of the walls of the reactor chamber, the thermodynamic properties of the fluid and the flow velocity.

With methods of chaos control, it might be possible to set suitable flow patterns or to prevent particularly unfavorable ones.

In this preferred design, the formation of disturbing flow channels, which usually exert a negative influence on the oxidation or disinfection excluded.

A reactor purification is possible in a simple manner. After disassembly of the reactor head part, the top plate with radiator and protective tube, the interior is freely accessible.

Literature:

The M-UV tubular reactor described covers a large number of different applications for UV irradiation and / or UV oxidation of liquids and ranges from the applications in which hitherto pure annular gap reactors are used to the fields of application of simple throughflow reactors for large flows.

UV reactors with helical fluid guidance are in the patents
US 5,433,738
EP 1916 224 A1 described.

Residence time behavior and contact surfaces:

In the reactor application of oxidation and titanium dioxide coating, the particularly preferred large surface area in relation to the smooth tube wall is of particular importance.

The half-life of the photocatalytically generated hydroxyl radicals (OH radical) is very low. The continuous fluid exchange at the reactor inner wall has a considerable influence on the oxidation result. The photocatalytic reaction is essentially dependent on the transmission of the fluids to be treated.

Characters:

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures:
The illustrated embodiments are not limiting, but are merely illustrative of embodiments of the invention.

Show it:

1 a schematic section through a part of the reactor with all the essential internals

2 a schematic representation of the reactor top plate 50 without radiator housing

2 a is a schematic sectional view of the reactor top plate 50

3 a schematic representation of all relevant parts in the reactor head in sectional view

4 the schematic representation of a ring element 12 in plan view with the radial slots 14 , the threaded holes 15 , the ring groove 17 for O-ring recording and one of the possible tooth geometries 16

5 a schematic diagram of a ring element 12 with different tooth depths 30

6 a schematic diagram of a ring element 12 with differently machined keyways 13

6a a schematic diagram of a ring element 12 in sectional view with the surfaces worked on 13 for V-groove formation in superimposed ring elements 12

Examples:

example 1

M-UV tube reactor for the main application Oxidation with titanium dioxide coating

The UV tube reactor according to 1 . 2 and 3 consists of a centrally installed UV-A low pressure or medium pressure lamp 20 with the main shaft 365 nm and a length of <300 mm to> 850 mm. The electric radiator output can be from <0.5 kW to> 10.0 kW.

Depending on the size, the flow rate can be from <0.5 m ³ / h to> 80 m ³ / h.

The centrically mounted, non-wetted UV emitter 20 is made of an open top quartz or borosilicate glass tube 21 surround. On the upstream side have the protective tubes 21 a round bottom.

The open side of the protective tube 21 is in the reactor top plate 50 on the protective glass holder 53 sterile by 2 O-rings 17 sealed.

Power is supplied through the cable duct 54 in the headstock 50 and is through the radiator enclosure 56 also sealed in a sterile manner according to the prior art.

The outer reactor tube 21 is from the ring elements 11 and 12 educated. The ring element 11 and 12 are also made by O-rings 17 sealed with sterile technology and through the external threaded holes 15 and the radial slot bores 14 connected to a variable length pipe. Individual ring elements 11 or 12 are also with sterile technical images 40 provided for different measuring techniques.

That from the ring elements 12 formed reactor tube 23 has in the foot and head each one ring element 11 without gearing on. The ring elements 11 have the Zahnfußdurchmesser the ring elements 12 on.

The fluid flow takes place through the reactor bottom 1 , The reactor bottom is a complete component group and consists of the essential components, bottom plate 4 with holes for fixing, a three-part stud frame 6 , the bottom of the reactor 5 , the fluid inlet 2 as well as from the drainage line 3 ,

The from the ring elements 11 and 12 formed reactor chamber 22 is through the reactor top plate 50 completed.

The reactor head part is also a complete component, consisting of the UV lamp holder 52 , the protective glass holder 53 with the O-ring holder 17 , the cable channel 54 , the UV radiator enclosure 56 and the radially inserted through holes 51 as a connection to the fluid drainage chamber 57 , The fluid drainage takes place via the drain line 59 ,

The open space of the through holes 51 correspond in their total area to the cross-section of the fluid supply line 2 or drain line 59 ,

By the arrangement of the radially introduced through holes 51 in the headstock 50 the formation of flow channels is prevented.

The fluid flow is continuously and uniformly guided, the special geometric arrangement ensures optimal use of UV emitters.

The from the ring elements 11 and 12 formed reactor chamber 22 can be exchanged as a complete component and retrofitted for possibly different tasks in a simple way.

The connections of the reactor chamber 22 to the components reactor foot 1 , the head plate 50 and the fluid outlet chamber 57 are possible in sterile-technically flawless flange connections and / or in designs approved in the state of the art in sterile technology.

By removing the top plate 50 is the reactor chamber 22 easy and freely accessible for necessary cleaning work.

Example 2

Fluid flow in the M-UV tube reactor

The fluid flows through the centrically mounted fluid inlet 2 into the reactor chamber 22 ,

The fluid flow is at the round bottom of the centrically mounted protective tube 21 evenly in the reactor chamber 22 distributed.

The lower ring element 11 has no teeth 30 on, the first ring element 12 with the teeth 30 and the titanium dioxide coating is at the transition from round bottom to the cylindrical wall of the protective tube 21 appropriate. In the upper part of the reactor chamber 22 ends the toothed ring elements 12 in the area of the protective glass holder 53 , The top ring element 11 also has no gearing.

The fluid passes through the through holes 51 in the fluid drainage chamber 57 passed and via the drain line 59 discharged.

Radial flow

The gearing 30 the ring elements 12 allows for a corresponding inclination of the teeth 30 z. B. a protective glass diameter of 90 mm, a 360 ° helix to 10 cm reactor length. The integrated gearing 30 ensures that the contaminated fluid throughout the reactor space 22 controlled and constantly managed. The contact surface on the radiator protection tube and the titanium dioxide coated surface of the ring elements 12 is considerably increased by the helical helical guide.

By an appropriate right-left toothing 30 the ring elements 12 the direction of rotation of the loaded fluids can be reversed or adapted to the requirement almost arbitrarily.

A clocked oscillation over z. B. 360 ° / 180 ° / 90 ° / 45 ° of the fluid flow over the entire reactor axis can easily by a change of right and left teeth of the ring elements 12 be implemented.

Cross-mixing

The ring elements 12 have attached to the inner diameter, radial inclined surfaces 13 on, two superimposed ring elements 12 form a radial keyway 13 out.

Through the into the ring elements 12 introduced radial slots 14 becomes the gearing 30 the superimposed ring elements 12 offset so that a tooth is arranged over a tooth space. The inflamed tooth 30 As a result, it forms a baffle surface and distributes the fluid flowing through to at least two overlying tooth clearances.

Overall, this results in a rotating flow, vortices in the keyways and at the baffles. Due to this complex, turbulent flow is a constant fluid exchange at the UV source 20 and the surface of the ring elements 12 in the reactor chamber 22 given. In the main application oxidation all are the radiation source 20 facing surfaces of the ring elements 12 coated with titanium dioxide.

Due to the geometry of the teeth 30 and the formation of the radial splines 13 becomes the inner surface in the reactor chamber 22 significantly enlarged.

A large surface favors the coincidence of the photocatalytically generated hydroxyl radicals (OH radical) with reactants in the fluid.

Example 3

In the alternative secondary application UV-C irradiation for disinfection, predominantly UV-C lamps with the main wave 254 nm are used. The structure of the M-UV tube reactor is basically the same as described in Examples 1 and 2.

Differently designed only the coating of the ring elements 11 and 12 ,

• a) Spiegelflächen ausgelegt sein,
• b) eine Silberbeschichtung aufweisen,
• c) eine Kupferbeschichtung aufweisen,
• d) andere bakterizid und/oder viruzid wirkende Beschichtungen aufweisen.
• e) eine Kombination aus a/b/c/d aufweisen.

All surfaces of the ring elements accessible to the source of UV radiation 11 and 12 can as

• a) mirror surfaces are designed
• b) have a silver coating,
• c) have a copper coating,
• d) have other bactericidal and / or virucidal coatings.
• e) have a combination of a / b / c / d.

Also in the application disinfection, the surface enlargement affects by the reactor tube 23 forming ring elements 12 beneficial to the disinfection performance.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Reaktorfuß

2

fluid inlet

3

Drain valve drain line

4

baseplate

5

reactor bottom

6

studding

11

Ring elements without teeth

12

Ring elements with toothing

13

Radial keyway machined radial inclined surfaces

14

Radial slot

15

Drilled holes

16

Possible tooth geometry

17

O-ring holder

20

UV-emitting radiation source

21

Quartz or borosilicate glass (protective tube)

22

reactor chamber

23

reactor tube

30

Possible tooth form tooth depths

40

Sensors Measuring Instruments

50

Reactor head headstock

51

Through holes fluid flow

52

UV lamp holder

53

Protective glass holder

54

Cabel Canal

55

Holes for countersunk screws

56

UV lamp housing

57

Fluid flow chamber

58

fluid flow

59

drain line

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 5433738 [0051]
• EP 1916224 A1 [0051]

Claims (10)

M-UV tube reactor for receiving centrically stored ultraviolet radiation sources ( 20 ) with different radiation spectrums of <200 nm to> 400 nm as UV-C / UV-B / UV-A radiators ( 20 ) made of a UV-transparent quartz or borosilicate tube ( 21 ) surrounded by direct contact with the fluid protected, in a the radiation source ( 20 ) surrounding reactor tube ( 23 ) made of stackable ring elements ( 11 ) ( 12 ) and so a reactor chamber ( 22 ), wherein the reactor chamber ( 22 ) with a fluid feed ( 2 ) and annular fluid flows ( 51 ) and the fluid is flowed through in the longitudinal direction and measuring instruments ( 40 ), countersigned by the fact that the straight or helical ring elements ( 12 ) with the attached radial keyway ( 13 ) the reactor tube ( 23 ), whereby the tooth geometry ( 16 ) is variable and the tooth depth ( 30 ) of <2 mm to> 30 mm also represents a variable size and that of the UV source ( 20 ) facing surfaces of the ring elements ( 11 ) ( 12 ) have a titanium dioxide coating, a bactericidal or virucidal coating or mirror surfaces. M-UV tubular reactor according to claim 1 characterized countersigns that the internally toothed ring elements ( 12 ) have a variable helical toothing in left or right-hand design. M-UV tube reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the internally toothed ring elements ( 12 ) have a slope of axis parallel to> 60 °. M-UV tube reactor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the internally toothed ring elements ( 12 ) offset one above the other are mounted. M-UV tube reactor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the internally toothed ring elements ( 12 ) are arranged alternately in left-right teeth. M-UV tube reactor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the internally toothed ring elements ( 12 ) form a multiple coil. M-UV tube reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid through the holes ( 51 ) in the top plate ( 50 ) from the reactor chamber ( 22 ) is discharged. M-UV tube reactor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that by the ring elements ( 11 ) ( 12 ) formed reactor tube ( 23 ) exchangeable and reusable after workup. Use of an M-UV tubular reactor according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the oxidation and / or irradiation of liquid fluids, in particular viruses and / or microorganism-containing liquids, particularly preferably in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment, process water treatment of the producing industry, such as food industry, pharmaceutical industry and for the elimination of drugs from transgenic animals or plants or drug residues and the treatment of process water, cooling water and other applications. M-UV tubular reactor according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the reactor chamber ( 22 ), a variable adaptation takes place and fluid films of <2 mm to> 30 mm can be treated with an electric UV radiator power <0.5 kW to> 10 kW, by in the reactor chamber ( 22 ) by the gearing ( 30 ) of the ring elements ( 12 ) and the radial splines ( 13 ) both Dean vortex flows, radial flows as well as turbulent flows are generated.

Images