DE102007058446A1 - Oven and cleaning device for a stove - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning device and a furnace (1), in particular electric arc furnace, with a tapping channel (2) for discharging liquid metal from the furnace (1) and a closure device (4) for opening and closing an orifice (3) of the tapping channel (3). 2). By having a cleaning device (5, 5 ') for removing metal deposited at the mouth (3) of the tapping channel (2), the throughput of the furnace (1) can be increased by reducing waiting times and further increasing the safety of the operating personnel.

Description

The The invention relates to a furnace, in particular electric arc furnace, with a tapping channel for the discharge of liquid Metal from the oven, and a closure device for opening and closing a mouth of the tapping channel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cleaning device for a Oven.

The Invention is in the technical field of metallurgy, in particular the metallurgical furnace technology. In a metallurgical furnace is produced or processed liquid metal. Especially in an electric arc furnace, for example, scrap and / or Pig iron together with other aggregates, such as lime or coal, processed into a molten metal with a specific composition. After the production of the molten metal, this is from the electric arc furnace dissipated. This usually happens over one so-called Bodenabstich. This is the liquid metal executed by means of a tapping channel in the furnace bottom from the oven.

at the removal of liquid metal from an oven, in particular an electric arc furnace, is formed during or after the tapping of the liquid metal from a wreath solidified metal at the mouth of the tapping channel or at the tap hole. This metal wreath is before re-closing to remove the mouth of the tapping channel. additionally for removing the metal ring at the tapping channel mouth it is appropriate to the tapping channel on possible Damage and / or residues, such as Clogging by slag, check.

Either the metal wreath at the mouth as well as possible Damage and / or residues in the Abstichkanal are the state of Abstichkanalmündung or of the tapping channel influencing parameters. The control of the condition the tapping channel mouth and / or the tapping channel and - if required - the production of a desired condition the tapping channel or the Abstichkanalmündung is in For the purposes of this application, the term maintenance of the tapping channel muzzle or the tapping channel summarized.

There the maintenance of the tapping channel or the Abstichkanalmündung These days, usually done manually by operating personnel is, here is a corresponding threat to the operating staff where. Cause of the endangerment of the Operating personnel when carrying out maintenance work the tapping channel or the Abstichkanalmündung are, for example delayed slag from the furnace or the below the tapping hole arranged pan with liquid metal removed, etc. To such hazards to the operating staff to rule out nowadays, relatively long waiting times, up to 1 minute or more, complied with after completion of the tapping, before the maintenance is carried out. The relatively long Waiting times, however, lead to an increase in the Production costs, as the throughput of the furnace thereby reduced becomes.

An oven in which maintenance is carried out manually is disclosed, for example, in the publication DE 100 34 370 A1 known.

Of the Invention is based on the object of safety for Operators and at the same time the throughput of a furnace, in particular of an electric arc furnace, to increase.

The Task is in an oven of the type mentioned by a Cleaning device for removing at the mouth the tapping channel deposited metal dissolved. By providing a furnace according to the invention is a manual Removal of a metal ring is no longer required. Thereby In particular, the high waiting times during maintenance the tapping channel or the Abstichkanalmündung be avoided. It thus, on the one hand, the safety of staff is increased, as they are no longer exposed to danger during maintenance become. On the other hand, an inventive allows Oven increased throughput or an improved cost position, because of the time savings in maintenance one to two molten steel more can be processed per day. Such Cleaning device may be the removal of the metal ring mechanically, thermally or chemically effect.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention comprises the cleaning device a wedge-shaped scratch with a scraping edge. In a special case For example, the cleaning device may be formed as the scratch itself be. For example, a scratch can be applied to an existing one Be arranged closure device of the furnace and thus their Extend the functionality. Such a scratch is comparatively easy to retrofit.

Especially it is advantageous that the closure device, the cleaning device includes. This makes it possible to have a cleaning device and a closure device in a common structural unit implement and thus a compact and space-saving arrangement in shape to provide a combined cleaning and closure device.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cleaning device has a Adjusting device, which is designed for positioning and aligning the cleaning device relative to Abstichkanalmündung. This makes it possible to individually consider the condition of the tapping channel opening during maintenance after each tapping. The adjusting device can be used both in a separate cleaning device and in a combined cleaning and closing device. The adjusting device may, for example, be designed as an eccentric suspension or as an adjusting screw.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is the cleaning device as a slider with a movable Slider tongue formed, with the scratch at one end of the slide tongue is arranged. Such a design of the cleaning device allows with technically simple means cleaning the Abstichkanalmündung despite the adverse environmental conditions, especially high temperatures and a high degree of pollution.

In A preferred embodiment of the invention is an optical Detection device for recording an image of the tapping channel and / or the Abstichkanalmündung available. Preferably the optical detection device part of the cleaning device and arranged for example in a slide tongue of the slider. Alternatively, the optical detection means for maintenance of the Abstichkanalmündung or the tapping channel regardless of the cleaning device operated and arranged at the furnace. The optical detection device works preferably in the visible and / or infrared spectral range. For example, therefore, a video camera and / or a thermal imaging camera be used. By means of the optical detection device Pictures of the tapping channel and / or the tapping channel muzzle recorded, which then manually or automatically, locally on the stove or be evaluated in a monitoring center. Based This information can then be determined, for example, if a repair measure the tapping channel - about elimination of a partial or complete blockage in the tapping channel - done must or not.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention is a cooling device for cooling the cleaning device and / or the optical detection device. By the cooling the optical detection device or the cleaning device a high life of the respective device is made possible. In particular, if the optical detection device as part of Cleaning device is formed, the cooling device for the opti cal detection device and the cleaning device be executed in combination. As a cooling medium can For example, water can be used. However, any can Other suitable cooling media are used, for example Gas. In particular, it is advantageous that the cleaning device a housing, which with a cooling medium, in particular water, continuously flushable or floatable is without affecting the function of the cleaning device becomes. This allows effective cooling of the cleaning device be achieved.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is a Device for generating an optical detection device at least partially circulating air flow available. On the one hand, such an air flow for cooling the optical Detector can be used, on the other hand comes one such air flow to the function, the optics and the field of view the optical detection device to keep clean from contamination. The latter is particularly important if the optical Detecting device in the tapping channel "looks" arranged it can quickly lead to heavy pollution of the optical Detecting device or a viewing window through out of the oven emerging particles come. As a result, then a control the tapping channel only limited or not done. By the device for generating the optical detection device at least partially circulating airflow, it is possible that the control of the tapping channel even at a heavily polluting acting environment can be reliably realized. This is done by particles, in particular dirt particles, by the air flow, from a deposit in the optical path of the optical detector essentially be held. The air flow can, for example. By compressed air and a guide means guiding the compressed air to be provided. Alternatively, a different from air Gas be provided.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the optical detection device is arranged on the slide tongue. This allows a particularly structurally compact cleaning device be provided with control function. Preferably, the Slide tongue operated by pneumatic sliding cylinder. The for the operation of the pneumatic sliding cylinder required compressed air For example, for cooling or Cleaning the optics of the optical detection device be used. Furthermore, it is advantageous that in such a Design of the cleaning device, the removal of the metal ring and the control of the tapping channel in a single translational Movement of the slide tongue are executable.

In a further advantageous embodiment According to the invention, the cleaning device is designed as a separate and mobile unit. It is thus not permanently disposed on the furnace, but can be brought up or brought up, for example, for cleaning and inspection after the tapping of the liquid metal to the furnace. For this purpose, the cleaning device can, for example, be mounted on rolling elements or mounted on a pivotable arm. Such a mobile cleaning device experiences a lower temperature budget than a cleaning device permanently arranged on the furnace. The lower temperature budget usually has a positive effect on the service life of a mobile cleaning device. Also, if necessary, the cost of cooling for such a cleaning device can be reduced or the cooling can be omitted entirely. Optionally, the cleaning device can be locked during operation of the oven with this. In particular, such a counterforce can be built up to remove the metal ring from the Abstichkanalmündung.

Provided Cleaning device and closure device as from each other structurally independent, preferably on the stove, way permanent, arranged devices, so it is advantageous to this align with each other such that the longitudinal center axis the cleaning device and the longitudinal center axis of the Closure device substantially include a 90 degree angle. By such an arrangement, problems in tapping the Liquid metal avoided from the oven, in particular a Collision of the closure device and / or cleaning device with a further technical unit, for example. A pan when panning the furnace crucible with liquid metal present therein.

The Task is also solved by a cleaning device for a furnace according to one of claims 1 to 10, which a slide with a movable slide tongue and has a arranged on the slider tongue scratches. The cleaning device can be designed as a combined cleaning and closing device be. Alternatively, the cleaning device is an additional, device independent of the closure device. Especially can an anti-collision device when using a closure device and one of this structurally separate present cleaning device be provided to collisions of components of the closure device and to avoid the cleaning device. The detection of a collision hazard with the anti-collision device can, for example, on a transit time measurement of ultrasonic signals between potentially collision-capable Components, in particular of slides and / or slide tongues, the closure device and the cleaning device are based.

advantageously, the cleaning device comprises an adjusting device for positioning and Aligning the scraper relative to the tapping channel mouth. This allows the exact position and / or orientation of the cleaning device be ensured relative to the Abstichkanalmündung. Thereby is the best possible removal of the metal ring and possibly the best possible control of the tapping channel allows. In particular, the adjusting device as a plurality is lightweight adjustable suspensions formed, for example Eccentric suspensions or adjusting screws. Because with can For example, the housing, the slide and / or the slide tongue independently or together in the three spatial directions in position and orientation relative to the tapping channel mouth to be adjusted.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the cleaning device an optical detection device for Recording an image of the tapping channel and / or the Abstichkanalmündung on. This can easily control the Abstichkanalmündung and the tapping channel, which is a hazard to operating personnel avoids. This is preferably formed as part of the slide tongue. It can thereby be achieved that the optical detection device already during the removal of the metal wreath images can detect from the tapping channel. Because the removal of the metal wreath and the control of the tapping channel thus at least partially simultaneously done, the time required to maintain the mouth of the Abstichkanals or the tapping channel can be reduced. Thereby the throughput of the furnace can be further increased.

Further it is advantageous that the cleaning device is a cooling device having. The cooling device is preferably designed such that as far as possible all components of a cleaning device, but in particular the optical detection device, coolable are. This can increase the life of the components the cleaning device and thus the entire cleaning device be enabled.

Especially it is advantageous that the cleaning device of a device for generating an optical detection device at least partially having rinsing air flow. This can on the one hand the optical detection means are cooled, on the other hand can the optics or the field of view of the optical detection device protected from contamination by the airflow Derives dirt particles.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the embodiments, which schematically illustrated with reference to the following drawings are. Show it:

1 a sectional view of an electric arc furnace with a cleaning device in a closed state,

2 a sectional view of an electric arc furnace with a cleaning device in a partially open state,

3 a top view of a cleaning device in the closed state,

4 a top view of a cleaning device in a partially opened state,

5 a side view of a cleaning device in a partially opened state,

6 a plan view of a combined cleaning and closure device.

1 shows a vertical section through a schematically illustrated electric arc furnace 1 , The electric arc furnace 1 has a tapping channel 2 on with a tapping channel mouth 3 , The channel 2 is formed by perforated stones 3 ' , The hole stones 3 ' protrude and the Abstichkanalmündung 3 protrudes over the bottom of the electric arc furnace 1 out.

Behind the tapping channel 2 or the Abstichkanalmündung 3 is a closure device 4 visible, by means of which the tapping canal mouth 3 can be opened or closed. 1 shows the tapping channel mouth 3 in the opened state after removal of the liquid metal.

In the removal of the liquid metal from the furnace, metallic contaminants are usually formed at the tapping channel mouth 3 , Such pollution is in 1 is formed as a metal ring M solidified from liquid metal. This metal ring M is before re-closing the tapping channel mouth 3 to remove.

For this purpose, a cleaning device 5 ' at the bottom of the electric arc furnace 1 arranged. The longitudinal axis of the cleaning device 5 ' and the longitudinal axis of the closure device 4 essentially at right angles to damage the cleaning device 5 ' and / or the closure device 4 during the tapping process - pivoting the oven lid - to avoid.

The cleaning device 5 ' has a wedge-shaped scratch 5 with a scraping edge 12 on. This is on a slider tongue 8th a slider 7 arranged. The slider tongue 8th is by means of in 1 not shown pneumatic cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the cleaning device 5 ' traversable. The slider 7 includes the pneumatic cylinder and the sliding tongue 8th with the scratch 5 ,

The slider 7 is inside a housing 17 arranged, which is cooled with water. For this purpose, a cooling device 10 intended. This includes in 1 a housing inlet for supplying cooling water into the housing 17 and a housing drain for removing heated water from the housing 17 ,

The housing 17 may instead of the cooling device 10 or in addition to the cooling device 10 comprise a not shown temperature insulation device. This can be designed, for example, as a heat-protecting potting compound which surrounds the housing at least in sections.

The housing 17 is via an adjustment device 6 with the bottom of the electric arc furnace 1 connected. The adjustment device 6 allows the housing 17 and thus the slider 7 velvet slide tongue 8th and scratches 5 in all room dimensions relative to the tapping channel mouth 3 to adjust. The adjustment device 6 is in 1 designed as a plurality of eccentric suspensions. The adjustment device 6 However, it can also be realized in any other way.

2 shows essentially the same item as 1 , However, the subject matter is different 2 from the object 1 in that the slider tongue 8th the cleaning device 5 ' is now extended and to remove the metal ring M at the tapping channel mouth 3 is used. This is the slider tongue 8th through the in 2 not shown pneumatic Schiebbezylinder in the direction of Abstichkanalmündung 3 proceed so that the scratch 5 at the slide tongue 8th the metal ring M by means of its scraping edge 12 away.

By prior adjustment of the scraping edge 12 relative to the tapping channel mouth 3 It is now possible to use the metal ring M directly at the mouth 3 and thus flush with the perforated bricks 3 ' to remove.

The cleaning device 5 ' also has an in 1 and 2 not shown optical detection device, which is designed as a video camera on. This will be pictures of the tapping channel 2 captured and displayed on a screen. Based on the pictures, the operator decides whether a repair measure at the tapping channel 2 is required. The control of the tapping channel 2 may be partially during scratching. Alternatively, the removal of the metal ring from the mouth 3 the tapping channel 2 and the control of the condition of the tapping channel 2 executed in succession.

Once the maintenance is complete, the slider tongue becomes 8th back into the cooled housing 17 guided. Subsequently, with the closure device 4 the tapping channel mouth 3 locked. The tapping channel 2 is at least partially filled and it can again liquid metal in the oven 1 introduced or produced liquid metal.

3 shows a plan view of a cleaning device 5 ' in a closed state. The cleaning device 5 ' has a housing 17 on. The housing 17 is preferably designed double-walled, so that in the space between the two walls, a cooling medium, preferably water, can be performed without this leaves the gap uncontrolled. 3 further shows a cooling device 10 , by means of which the housing 17 Cooling water is added or removed. The housing 17 surrounds the slider 7 ,

The slider 7 includes the slider tongue 8th , as well as the pneumatic cylinder 14 , At the slide tongue 8th is an optical detection device 9 , a flow device 11 for cooling and preventing contamination for the optical detection device 9 and the scratch 5 with the scraping edge 12 arranged.

Preferably, the slider 7 by means of compressed air, which, for example, the compressed air lines for the pneumatic cylinder 14 is removed, alternatively also supplied in a separate supply line, set under an overpressure. The overpressure prevents contamination of the slide 7 , Further, by the supplied air, a cooling of not designated in more detail in the figures piston of the sliding cylinder 14 ,

In addition, in the slider 7 present overpressure, for example, from the onflow device 11 be used as a driver for the air flow, the optical detection device 9 on the one hand cools and on the other so washed around that a recording of images, preferably digital images, is not substantially disturbed by contamination.

That of the optical detection device 9 recorded data are transmitted via a data line 15 from the optical detection device 9 from the cleaning device 5 ' executed and - if necessary after preparation of the data - on a screen 18 shown. For this purpose, the slider tongue 8th in 3 a slide tongue frame in which the data line 15 is partially feasible. The screen 18 on which the on the acquired data of the optical detection device 9 based pictures can be displayed on a screen 18 a monitoring center and / or on a mobile carried screen 18 be reproduced. Optionally, the images of the optical detection device 9 directly via the data line 15 on one directly to the data line 15 connectable screen.

The gas connections on the cleaning device 5 ' for the operation of the pneumatic sliding cylinder 14 are in the 1 to 6 not explicitly shown.

The cleaning device 5 ' further comprises an adjusting device 6 with which the cleaning device 5 ' , especially the scratch 5 with the scraping edge 12 , is adjustable relative to a tapping channel muzzle. In particular, it is advantageous that the adjusting device 6 a movement of the cleaning device 5 ' allows for three independent axes.

4 shows the in 3 in the closed state shown cleaning device 5 ' now in an open state. This condition of the cleaning device 5 ' is exemplary of a state in which a maintenance, in particular a control of a tapping channel of a furnace takes place.

The optical detection device, which is designed for example as a video camera, is outside the housing 17 the cleaning device 5 ' arranged and positioned so that their field of view includes the tapping channel or the Abstichkanalmündung. The optical detection device 9 includes a not specified in the figures protective housing. The protective housing is at least partially transparent to the optical detection device 9 detectable radiation spectrum. The protective housing preferably has a viewing window, through which the optical detection device 9 can look into the tapping canal.

In the 4 shown on-flow device 11 uses the pressurized interior of the slider to provide the airflow. Due to the pressure difference between the interior of the slider and the atmosphere, an air flow is formed, which flows through the oncoming device 11 is guided. This air flow is sent to the optical detection device 9 introduced. On the one hand, it serves for cooling and, on the other hand, for cleaning and / or preventing contamination of imaging-relevant components of the cleaning device 5 ' , The onflow device 11 divides the air flow in a first portion, which is used to prevent contamination of the beam path, and in a second portion of the cooling of the optical detector 9 is being used.

It is thus avoided by a partial air flow contamination of the protective housing of the optical detection device by dirt particles from a deposit, in particular a permanent deposit on the "viewing window" of the protective housing for the optical detection device 9 be held. For this purpose, the "viewing window" of the protective device is continuously blown in. For cooling the optical detection device 9 an air partial flow is introduced directly into the protective housing, in which the optical detection device is arranged.

5 shows a side view of in 4 shown top view of the cleaning device 5 ' , The illustration is purely for clarity and brings essentially no new objects compared to in 4 shown cleaning device 5 ' ,

6 shows a plan view of a combined cleaning and closing device 5 '' , It is thus not a separate closure device, as for example in 1 and

2 with the reference number 4 is shown required. The cleaning and checking as well as the opening and closing of the tapping channel mouth is carried out by means of the same device.

The combined cleaning and closing device 5 '' in 6 is different from the cleaning equipment 5 ' of the 1 to 5 in that an additional closure element 13 on the slide tongue 8th is arranged.

Furthermore, the combined cleaning and closure device 5 '' Means for an integrated displacement measurement in the sliding cylinder 14 on. The integrated displacement measurement makes it possible to use the sliding tongue 8th specifically to move into a scraping position, a closed position or a control position.

In the scraping position, a cleaning of the tapping channel mouth can be made. In particular, a ring of solidified metal can be removed from the tapping channel mouth. In the closed position of the combined cleaning and closing device, the tapping channel mouth becomes through the closure element 13 closed and it can be made a backfilling of the tapping channel. In the control position, images of the mouth of the tapping channel and / or of the tapping channel can be detected.

All Cleaning devices shown in the embodiments or combined cleaning and closing devices are in usually arranged permanently on the stove. This is convenient and little error-prone.

It However, a cleaning device may also be provided, which is movable relative to the furnace, such as by a swivel arm or a transport device. Such a cleaning device is then brought just before the tapping to the oven and positioned or locked so that by means of this mobile Cleaning device maintenance of the tapping channel or the Abstichkanalmündung is possible. This allows, for example, a flexible use a cleaning device to different ovens.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10034370 A1 [0006]

Claims (15)

Oven ( 1 ), in particular electric arc furnace, with a tapping channel ( 2 ) for the removal of liquid metal from the furnace ( 1 ), and a closure device ( 4 ) for opening and closing a mouth ( 3 ) of the tapping channel ( 2 ), characterized by a cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) for removing at the mouth ( 3 ) of the tapping channel ( 2 ) deposited metal. Oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) a wedge-shaped scratch ( 5 ) with a scraping edge ( 12 ). Oven according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closure device ( 4 ) the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ). Oven according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) an adjusting device ( 6 ) for positioning and aligning the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) relative to the mouth ( 3 ) of the tapping channel ( 2 ) is trained. Oven according to claim 4, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) a slider ( 7 ) with a movable sliding tongue ( 8th ), the scratch ( 5 ) at one end of the slide tongue ( 8th ) is arranged. Oven according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by an optical detection device ( 9 ) for taking a picture of the tapping channel ( 2 ) and / or the mouth ( 3 ) of the tapping channel ( 2 ). Oven according to claim 6, characterized by a cooling device ( 10 ) for cooling the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) and / or the optical detection device ( 9 ). Oven according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by a device ( 11 ) for generating an optical detection device ( 9 ) at least partially flushing air flow. Oven according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the optical detection device ( 9 ) on the slide tongue ( 8th ) is arranged. Oven according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' ) is designed as a separate and mobile unit. Cleaning device ( 5 . 5 ' . 5 '' ) for a furnace ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a slide ( 7 ) with a movable sliding tongue ( 8th ) and one at the slide tongue ( 8th ) arranged scratches ( 5 ). Cleaning device according to claim 11, characterized by an adjusting device ( 6 ) for positioning and aligning the scraper ( 5 ) relative to the mouth ( 3 ) of the tapping channel ( 2 ). Cleaning device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by an optical detection device ( 9 ) for taking a picture of the tapping channel ( 2 ) and / or the mouth ( 3 ) of the tapping channel ( 2 ). Cleaning device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by a cooling device ( 10 . 16 ), in particular for cooling the optical detection device ( 9 ). Cleaning device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized by a device ( 11 ) for generating an optical detection device ( 9 ) at least partially flushing air flow.