DE10108596C1 - Ground effect vehicle for skimming over surface of water has planing float hull, low-mounted folding wings and high-mounted horizontal stabilizer and air propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

The hull of the vehicle (1) may have tandem seats for the pilot and passenger and contains an engine (3) which may drive a water propeller (52) in a duct (51) with an opening (53) in the bottom of the hull. The water propeller may be used for low-speed maneuvering and the early stages of takeoff. The air propeller (41) is situated behind the two occupants of the hull and is surrounded by a cowling ring. Top and bottom struts (21,22) support a vertical fin (33), with a rudder (34) and a horizontal stabilizer (31) with an elevator (32). The wings fold by hinging upward at the roots and downward at the mid-span points.

Description

The invention relates to a floor effect attachment kit for a What motorcycle and a suitably equipped vehicle and a method for operating such a vehicle.

Floor effect vehicles have long been considered alterna Discussive form of transportation to ships and planes advantage. Such vehicles operate at very low altitudes to be able to use the soil effect over water and soil NEN. Ground effect vehicles are due to the low altitude a lot of a few meters compared to conventional aircraft to operate more cost-effectively, especially since the one large part of the fuel consumption-causing climb during Start can be omitted. Also against fast moving water vehicles, such as air cushion vehicles, are Bodenef to operate fekt vehicles with lower energy consumption ben.

The known ground effect vehicles are usually flight constructed like a witness. For example, in European Patent EP 0 807 044 B1 the production of special taught inexpensive ground effect vehicles where we significant assemblies such as fuselage, wing parts, hyd raulik, control and regulation components, trolleys etc. can be reused by old aircraft. In the patent  is also the formation of a ground effect vehicle with a taught catamaran-like arrangement of two aircraft fuselages. In known ground-effect vehicles, the transport is accordingly large tonnages or a large number of passengers sought.

The invention is based, an inexpensive task To provide vehicle for private transport, with which one or two people or a small tonnage at high Ge speed and relatively low energy consumption can be transported.

The invention solves this problem by providing a Attachment kit for a water motorcycle with one hull and one Engine, especially an inboard engine, which has a jet pump drives pen device with which water can be sucked in and with Pressure can be ejected at the rear, with the features of claim 1 or with a suitably equipped vehicle with the Features of claim 2 and a method for operating egg Such a vehicle. According to the invention fall under the Aus pressure water motorcycle called PWC (Personal Water Craft) - Vehicles and other similar vehicles.

The invention is based on the idea, one for the fast Individual traffic on water used conventional what sermotorbike using a mounting kit in a floor effect Convert vehicle to take advantage of both types of vehicles use. Conventional water scooters are extremely agile and easily achieve the take off with the invention necessary Ge speeds, so that compared to other vehicles No additional drive is necessary when the lifting speed is reached is. By adding two floor effect wings, one Tail assembly with an empennage and air screw with an associated drive device is a conventional water motorcycle in a ground effect vehicle without any special effort  convertible.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the Subclaims specified.

The necessary drive device for the propeller can either be integrated in the mounting kit according to the invention, However, advantageously no further drive is used for this unit used, but the inboard engine, which is the Jet pump device of the vehicle drives. It can be done be used when lifting the vehicle out of the water the energy emitted by the inboard engine essentially can be provided on the propeller because of the prop The jet pump device for rotating in air is not high Torque required. This is especially a clutch for Disconnect the jet pump device from the inboard engine to There is no need to lift the vehicle out of the water Lich.

For the positive connection of the propeller to the In The vehicle's onboard motor is a variety of training conceivable. For example, on an axle shaft between the inside on-board motor and the jet pump device a traction means drive pulley attached, which is a traction mechanism to Match the speed of the inboard engine to a specified one Propeller speed. To get to a given one Time, especially just before the vehicle is lifted To give the inboard engine torque to the propeller can be specified that the traction mechanism is an electro has mechanically actuated friction clutch, which in Ab dependency on given vehicle data such as the speed can be operated.

The traction mechanism gearbox can both with frictional as well be designed with positive traction means.  

The traction mechanism can be horizontally one above the other and several have vertically staggered axle shafts, each are driven by a vertical traction device. On the one hand, this allows the rotation to be reduced speed of the axis driving the propeller and others on the other hand with a corresponding design of the gearbox vertically running gear housing sections used to attach the Propeller and the gearbox used on the fuselage can be.

For absorbing transverse forces on the axle shafts and Vibrations can be provided that an elastic damper tion device, for example in the form of an elastic Coupling, is attached to at least one axis. For the air to hold screw, it can be provided that the train middle gear is designed as a supporting element, which on one or more frames in the rear of the fuselage of the vehicle is attached. This at least one connecting frame can follow can be attached sluggishly in the water motorcycle or already in series be moderately provided at the assigned location.

To cool the drive motor for the propeller also in to maintain the flight phase, a cooling device with a circulation pump and a heat exchanger in one ge closed cooling circuit provided the drive device of the propeller, for example the inboard engine cools. To drive the circulation pump, this can be done via an unun broken running axle shaft of the traction mechanism gearbox be driven. It is possible, for example, here conventionally open cooling circuit of the inboard engine in to convert a closed loop that cooling so probably during the flight phase as well as while driving in the water provides.

However, in order to use a conventionally open cooling circuit of the Inboard engine to make only minor changes  it can be provided that the cooling device is in water submersible boom over which under the influence a back pressure water can be fed to the inboard engine. at for example, the one generated by the driving speed Back pressure in the boom, which is in the water and from lifted vehicle is pulled, used to cool to transport water to the lifted vehicle and the An Provide drive device for cooling the same. To do that Cooling water to the drive device in a predetermined manner lead, it can be provided that the water from the boom the dynamic pressure is brought into an intermediate container, whereby the water from the intermediate tank by means of a pump from An Drive device is provided. During the operation of the The vehicle according to the invention can respond to the detection when the boom is lifted out of the water, reduce the altitude be changed to ensure the cooling of the inboard engine len. The jib can be lifted out of the water directly at for example by determining the inclination of the boom, o indirectly, for example by determining the cooling water serpels in the intermediate container, can be realized.

To no additional fasteners for the An Delivery of the tail unit with the tail unit device on Provision of a water motorcycle can be provided that an upper tail boom on a mantle of the propeller and a lower tail boom either on the traction mechanism or attached to a frame in the rear of the fuselage of the vehicle is, with which the traction mechanism, d. H. the housing of the Traction mechanism gear can be connected.

To attach the two floor effect wings, you can seen that at the appropriate place in the fuselage of the Vehicle at least one frame and / or a spar bridge attached are brought in to introduce wing forces.

For easy transport of the rebuilt according to the invention  The vehicle can also be provided on the road be that the wings on the fuselage and / or in the area of their Center are foldable perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, whereby the Overall width of the vehicle on a normal roadway wide diminishes.

To prevent the converted water motorcycle, for example wise tilts due to a rough water surface and one Wing immersed in water, it can be provided that on A support float is arranged along the longitudinal end of each wing, which is particularly the case with the wings folded up Increased risk of tipping is reduced as it dips into the water swimmer builds up a counter torque.

The invention will hereinafter be described by describing some Embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings explained, whereby

Fig. 1 shows a motorcycle according to the invention converted water in a side view;

Fig. 2 in the present invention converted water motorcycle in a plan view,

Fig. 3a shows the present invention converted water motorcycle in a front view,

FIG. 3b is a respectively attached to the ends of the wings float in a side view;

Fig. 4, the two wings together with a bridge beam and a rib of the trunk of the vehicle, not shown,

Fig. 5a, 5b different in a vehicle front view folding positions of the airfoil wing,

FIG. 6a is a detail view of the flexible drive with an associated propeller in a side view;

Fig. 6b is a front view of the attachment of the pulling means transmission and the lower tail boom at the rear Anschlussspant,

Fig. 7 shows another modified water motorcycle according to the invention in a side view, and

Fig. 8 shows the cooling device of what is shown in Fig. 7 sermotorrades.

In Fig. 1 is a vehicle 1 , which was converted with the mounting kit according to the invention to the ground effect vehicle in a Be tenansicht shown. Conventionally, a vehicle comprises an inboard engine 3 , which drives a propeller 52 of a jet pump device 50 via a motor axle shaft 71 . Within half of the jet pump device 50 , water is sucked in from the suction opening 53 by rotating the jet pump propeller 52 and expelled from the nozzle opening 54 of the nozzle 51 at high pressure. The water jet ejected from the opening 54 generates the forward drive of the conventional vehicle 1 . To control the vehicle, the nozzle 51 of the jet pump device 50 has a pivotable nozzle section 55 in the rear region, which can be actuated by the driver via means not shown. Furthermore, this can regulate the speed of the motor 3 to regulate the speed. The fuselage 2 of the vehicle 1 is optimized with regard to the achievable maximum speed of about 120 km / h for gliding in the water. On the vehicle 1 , the floor effect assembly is also detachably mounted, which essentially consists of two floor effect wings 10 for producing a floor effect air cushion, an empennage 30 with, a tail assembly device and an air screw 41 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the propeller 41 , which is designed as a propeller, is driven by a gear mechanism 70 from the inboard motor 3 . The propeller unit 40 comprises the rotating propeller 41 and a stationary casing 42 , a grid being arranged in front of the propeller 41 for safety reasons, see for example FIG. 3. The traction mechanism 70 is fastened to the fuselage 2 of the vehicle in a manner to be explained , The traction mechanism 70 is designed as an element which carries the propeller unit 40 and at least part of the tail unit 30 , reinforcement struts 82 being provided by the propeller unit 40 for the transmission means 70 or between sections of the traction mechanism for additional stabilization. The stabilizer support device 20 has, for reasons of stabilization, an upper, essentially horizontally extending stabilizer support 21 , which binds the jacket 42 of the propeller 41 to the fin 33 of the stabilizer 30 . The maximum extension of the tail unit 30 in the vertical direction corresponds approximately to the maximum vertical extension of the propeller unit 40 . Furthermore, the empennage is attached to the reinforced fuselage 2 at the point at which the traction mechanism transmission 70 is also connected to the fuselage by means of a lower empennage carrier 22 , which is inclined to the horizontal. The tail unit 30 comprises, in addition to the fin 33 and the fin 31 , an associated rudder 34 and elevator 32 .

A plan view of the vehicle 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2. The floor effect wings are calculated in the embodiment described so that they carry the total weight of the vehicle 1 including the mounting kit and a driver at a speed of approximately 80 km / h. The two wings 10 are attached to wing fuselage frames 110 fastened in the fuselage, via which the wings transmit forces into the fuselage. The floor effect wings 10 also each have a conventional aileron 11 and two main spars 18 over their longitudinal extent. The aileron sections 12 close to the fuselage are designed to be foldable over a large angle, so that the floor effect wings do not abut against the propeller unit 40 when the wings are folded. In the drawing, the axes of rotation 15 , 16 of the wings necessary for this purpose are also shown, to which conditions will be given below.

In order to be able to provide the necessary thrust to take advantage of the ground effect, the propeller 41 must be dimensioned correspondingly large, see FIG. 3a, which shows the vehicle according to the invention in a front view. The propeller is essentially located above the wings and parallel to the fuselage axis in order to be able to provide the necessary thrust. In a further embodiment of the invention, the mounting kit according to the invention can also include two propellers. In this embodiment, too, the two air screws are placed in the longitudinal direction at the rear end of the wings to achieve an optimal center of gravity, as in the embodiment shown in the figures, see for example FIG. 2.

In order to prevent immersion of the wings in the water, they each have a float device 13 at their front end, the side view of which is shown in Fig. 3b. Due to the buoyancy generated by the float devices 13 , the vehicle can be prevented from tipping over. For clarification, the water line CWL is shown in FIG. 3a, which results from the maximum permissible payload of the vehicle 1 converted according to the invention. As can be seen, the floats 13 are immersed in the water only when the vehicle is tilted a predetermined amount. The wings 10 each consist of a rear wing section 17 and a front wing section 14 , which are connected to each other on the already mentioned axis of rotation 15 .

In order to better explain the attachment of the wings 10 to the fuselage of the vehicle 1 , only the devices arranged in the fuselage of the vehicle are shown together with the wings in FIG. 4. These fastening means, which are attached either in series or subsequently in the fuselage of the vehicle, comprise a spar bridge 100 which is attached to two wing connection frames 110 . The two connecting ribs 110, which are offset in the longitudinal direction in the fuselage, can best be seen in FIG. 2. The main spars 18 of the wings (see FIG. 2) are attached to associated spars 101 of the spar bridge 100 . The attachment has an axis of rotation 16 about which the lower wing section 17 can be folded upwards. For this purpose, a hydraulic cylinder 120 is provided in the spar bridge 100 for each wing, which is connected by its end 121 near the fuselage to the spar bridge 100 and by its end 122 remote from the fuselage to a main spar 18 of the wing. When the cylinder 120 is actuated, it extends in the radial direction, as a result of which the wing can be folded upward about the axis of rotation 16 . In the same way, the front wing section 14 can be folded down about the axis of rotation 15 .

The above-described with the mechanism described about the hydraulic cylinders flaps of the front wing section 14 on the axis of rotation 15 down and the rear wing section 17 on the axis of rotation 16 to the top is shown in Fig. 5a, 5b for two different positions of the wing sections. Fig. 5b shows the end position of the wing sections in the folded state, which, for example, for transferring the OF INVENTION to the invention vehicle 1 on a truck corresponds to a transport position. The front wing section 14 about the axis of rotation 15 is folded relative to the rear wing section 17 by almost 180 degrees down and the rear wing section 17 is folded up relative to the spar bridge by about 80 degrees about the axis of rotation 16 . The float devices 13 located near the water surface CWL also prevent the vehicle from tipping over here.

Fig. 6a shows the coupling of the motor shaft 71 driven by the inboard motor via the traction mechanism 70 to the air screw 41st The traction mechanism 70 has two horizontally one above the other and vertically offset axis shafts 7% and 75b, each of which is driven by a vertically extending toothed belt 74 and 80 , respectively. For this purpose, the motor axle shaft 71 has a traction drive pulley 72 , which drives the traction drive driven pulley 76 of the axle shaft 75 a via the toothed belt 74 . The toothed belt 74 runs between two brettar-shaped frames 81 a, 81 b, which serves simultaneously as a position for a tensioning roller 73 and the axle shaft 75 a. For this purpose, bearings 85 are arranged in the frames. On the axis 75 a, an electromechanically actuated friction clutch 78 connects, with which the motor force can be applied to the axis 43 of the propeller 41 . The output-side axis of the clutch is mounted on a second pair of board-like frames 82 a, 82 b, again a traction drive pulley 83 is attached between the frames, which via a further toothed belt 80 has a traction drive pulley 84 on the axle shaft 75 b of the traction mechanism gear 70 drives. The axle shaft 75 b is coupled to the axle 43 of the propeller 41 via an elastic damping coupling 79 . Both pairs of frames 81 a, 81 b and 82 a, 82 b are attached to associated connecting spans 77 a, 77 b and 90 a, 90 b in the rear of the vehicle fuselage. Furthermore, the lower side member 22 is attached to the rear connection frame 90 a. For clarity of illustration, both the upper side member 21 and the reinforcing struts 82 are not shown in FIG. 6a, see FIG. 1. The entire weight of the propeller unit and the tail unit is determined by the connecting frames 77 a, 77 b and 90 a, 90 b held in the fuselage of the vehicle. A detailed view in the direction of arrow S of the cross-sectional illustration is given in FIG. 6b. As well as the frames 82 a, 82 b as well, the lower tail boom 22 are connected to the connecting frames 90 a, 90 b.

In the described embodiment, a corresponding reduction of something 1 to 2 and of this axis a further reduction is achieved by appropriate dimensioning of the drive and driven pulleys from the motor axle shaft 71 to the first axle shaft 75 a of the traction mechanism, so that overall a reduction ratio of something 1 to 2.8 is realized.

In the described embodiment, the shaft is led out to the upper axle shaft 75 b relative to the frames 82 a, 82 b on the opposite side to the propeller 41 for driving a circulation pump (not shown) of a cooling device with a closed cooling circuit for cooling the inboard motor of the vehicle, so that cooling of the drive motor can also be ensured in a flight phase. The Kühlvorrich device also has a heat exchanger (not shown in the figures) on the bow of the vehicle, which is supplied with fresh air via the associated air inlet slots for the release of energy. A circulating coolant is passed through the inboard engine, absorbs energy and releases it again in the heat exchanger. In the described embodiment, the closed cooling circuit is activated at the point in time at which the propeller 41 is supplied with drive energy by the actuation of the clutch 78 .

In another embodiment of the invention it is provided that the circulating pump is connected to the axle shaft 75 a, so that in this case the circulating pump of the closed cooling circuit always runs and the open cooling circuit customary in conventional water motorcycles is therefore unnecessary.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Fig. 7 shows a side view of an inventively converted vehicle with a boom 131 , which can be pivoted from a rest position R shown in dashed lines in the flight phase shown in the figure down into the water, whereby the distance H of the hull of the vehicle from the water surface can be bridged. The Kühlvor direction for the inboard engine 3 is given in the detail drawing 8 . Since the inboard motor is cooled with an open cooling circuit in this embodiment, no changes need to be made to the inboard motor. As long as the vehicle is in the water, water is pressed into the inlet 133 of the cooling water line 134 by the increased water pressure in the nozzle 51 of the jet pump device, so that at the cooling water inlet 139 is introduced into the assigned sections on the engine. The water heated by the engine or auxiliary units of the engine leaves it at openings, not shown. As soon as the vehicle according to the invention emerges from the water, the cooling of the engine and its auxiliary units can no longer be provided via the cooling water supply shown. Therefore, when the vehicle is lifted out of the water surface, the boom 131 with the boom head 133 is immersed in the water from a rest position R (see FIG. 7) simultaneously or shortly beforehand. For this purpose, the boom 131 is articulated on the body of the vehicle with a boom pivot axis 141 . To absorb shocks, the boom 131 is supported on the lower tail boom 22 via a spring device 138 . After the boom 131 has been pivoted into the water, it flows into the boom head 132 through the movement of the vehicle at the inlet opening 131 . A screen, not shown, in front of the opening 131 prevents solid objects from being introduced into the cooling circuit. Due to the speed, a dynamic pressure arises, which is proportional to the square of the speed of the vehicle, and presses water through the hollow shaft of the boom into the cooling water line 134 , which ends in an intermediate container 135 , in which the water is collected. The intermediate tank is not pressure-tight, so that the water in the intermediate tank is under atmospheric pressure. In the illustrated embodiment, the line 134 ends from the boom in the intermediate container at the upper end of the container, see Fig. 8. A pump 136 , the intake manifold - see Fig. 3. A pump 136 , the intake port extends to the bottom of the intermediate container , pumps the cooling water to the cooling water inlet 139 on the engine. With the pump 136 , a given flow of cooling water through the engine and the auxiliary units can be ensured regardless of the airspeed of the vehicle. In order to prevent the cooling water conveyed by the pump from flowing back to the nozzle 51 of the jet pump device, a check valve 137 a is arranged in the line 134 between the cooling water inlet 139 and the opening 133 at the nozzle 51 of the jet pump device. If the vehicle is in the water and the cooling water is conveyed through the inlet opening 133 at the nozzle 51 of the jet pump device, the check valve 137 b prevents the flow of water into the intermediate container.

In the intermediate container 135 , a water level sensor 140 is arranged, which is set up to emit a signal that is used in the illustrated embodiment for height regulation of the vehicle according to the invention. If, for example, the flight height of the floor effect vehicle increases to such an extent that the boom 131 no longer protrudes into the water, then cooling water can no longer be conveyed into the intermediate container 135 , which is shown after a certain time by lowering the water level below a predetermined value, which can be detected with the water level sensor. In response to falling below this cooling water level, the flight height is automatically lowered until the boom 131 with its off head 132 protrudes back into the water. The vehicle is lowered by changing the angle of attack of the elevator. The flight altitude is regulated in the manner described to a target height H of one meter.

The process of lifting the vehicle 1 equipped with a mounting kit according to the invention from the water is explained below. Conventional water scooters reach top speeds of up to 120 km / h, which are completely sufficient to generate the necessary lift to lift off the vehicle by means of appropriately designed floor effect wings. Such a commercially available vehicle can be converted with the attachment kit according to the invention in such a way that the ae rod dynamic take-off speed is approximately 80 km / h and thus far below the maximum speed of the vehicle.

The time at which the propeller is activated is of fundamental importance for lifting the vehicle. The large excess of power enables a low angle of attack to be set and a speed of around 120 km / h to be reached without the vehicle lifting off. In the embodiment described above with an open cooling circuit with the boom 131 , this is first lowered into the water. Thereafter, the angle of attack of the elevator is simultaneously increased and the clutch 78 is actuated electromechanically when the aforementioned speed is reached. On the one hand, this has the consequence that the vehicle speed meets the conditions for a lifting speed due to the change in the angle of attack, and on the other hand, that the propeller 41 starts. The propeller rotates at the specified speed of the vehicle a little 2500 revolutions per minute, which can be achieved within a few seconds. Because the propeller 52 of the jet drive no longer has any resistance when the vehicle is lifted out of the water, the torque applied by the inboard engine is essentially available for turning on the air propeller. The thrust generated by the air propeller 41 is sufficient due to the reduced resistance in air compared to the resistance in water to maintain or increase the vehicle speed in air. The lifted vehicle is supplied with cooling water as described via a closed cooling circuit or, in the case of an open cooling circuit, via the boom 131 .

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

vehicle

2

hull

3

Inboard

10

A ground-effect wing

11

aileron

12

aileron section near the fuselage

13

float device

14

front wing section

15

axis of rotation

16

axis of rotation

17

rear wing section

18

main spar

20

Tail carrier means

21

upper tail boom

22

lower tail boom

30

tail

31

tailplane

32

elevator

33

fin

34

rudder

40

Propeller unit

41

Propeller / air propeller

42

Propeller mantle

43

propeller axis

50

Jet pump device

51

Jet pump device nozzle

52

Jet pump device propeller

53

suction

54

discharging port

55

rear nozzle section

70

traction drives

71

Motor-axle shaft

72

Zugmittelantriebsscheibe

73

idler

74

toothed belt

75

a Axle shaft of the traction mechanism gearbox

75

b Axle shaft of the traction mechanism gearbox

76

Zugmittelabtriebsscheibe

77

a Connection frame in the fuselage

77

b Connection frame in the fuselage

78

friction clutch

79

elastic damping coupling

80

toothed belt

81

a board-like frame

81

b board-like frame

82

reinforcing struts

82

a board-like frame

82

b board-like frame

83

Zugmittelantriebsscheibe

84

Zugmittelabtriebsscheibe

85

camp

90

a connecting frame

90

b Connection frame

100

Holm bridge

101

Holm

110

Tragflächenanschlussspant

120

hydraulic cylinders

121

End of the hydraulic cylinder near the axis

122

End of the hydraulic cylinder remote from the axis

130

Cooling water supply means

131

boom

132

boom head

133

inlet opening

134

management

135

intermediate container

136

Cooling water pump

137

a check valve

137

b Check valve

138

feather

139

Cooling water inlet on the engine

140

Water level level sensor

141

Boom swivel pin
H flight altitude
R Boom rest position

Claims (21)

1. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle with a fuselage and a motor that drives a jet pump device with which water can be sucked in and ejected with pressure at the rear, comprising:
two floor effect airfoils ( 10 ) for producing a floor effect air cushion,
an empennage carrier device ( 20 ) with an empennage ( 30 ) for direction control,
at least one propeller ( 41 ) with an associated drive device,
wherein the floor effect wings ( 10 ) can be attached to the side of the fuselage of the water motorcycle ( 1 ), the leadframe device ( 20 ) can be attached to the rear fuselage and the at least one propeller ( 41 ) with respect to its vertical extension is essentially above the ground effect - Wing surfaces ( 10 ) can be attached. 2. Vehicle comprising a water motorcycle ( 1 ) with a fuselage ( 2 ) and a motor ( 3 ) which drives a jet pump device ( 50 ) with which water can be drawn in and ejected with pressure at the rear, further comprising:
two floor effect airfoils ( 10 ) for producing a floor effect air cushion,
an empennage carrier device ( 20 ) with an empennage for direction control,
at least one propeller ( 41 ) with an associated drive device,
wherein the floor effect wings are each mounted laterally on the fuselage of the vehicle, the tail boom is attached to the rear fuselage and the at least one propeller ( 41 ) is arranged with respect to its vertical extension substantially above the floor effect wings. 3. Attachment kit for a water motorcycle according to claim 1 or driving tool according to claim 2, characterized by an on an axle shaft between the engine ( 3 ) and the jet pump device ( 50 ) arranged Zugmit telantrieb, which non-positively connected to the axis of the air screw ( 41 ) is. 4. Attachment kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to claim 3, characterized by a train medium gear ( 70 ) for adjusting the speed of the motor ( 3 ) to a predetermined speed of the propeller ( 41 ). 5. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the traction mechanism ( 70 ) has a plurality of horizontally one above the other and vertically staggered axle shafts ( 75 a, 75 b), each of which runs vertically from ver Traction means ( 74 , 80 ) are driven. 6. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by an axle shaft ( 75 a), in which a drive disc ( 76 ) by a traction means ( 74 ) with the traction means and a drive pulley ( 83 ) through a traction means ( 80 ) is connected to the axle ( 43 ) of the propeller ( 41 ) and an actuatable friction clutch ( 78 ) is arranged between the drive disk and the driven disk of the axle shaft ( 75 a). 7. Attachment kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle after one of claims 1 to 6, characterized through an elastic damping device at least one axle shaft for vibration damping. 8. mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the elastic damping device is designed as an elastic coupling ( 79 ). 9. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the traction mechanism ( 70 ) is designed as a propeller ( 41 ) carrying element, which on at least one frame ( 77 a, 77 b, 90 a, 90 b) in the rear of the fuselage ( 2 ) of the water motorcycle or the vehicle is attached. 10. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a cooling device with a circulation pump and a heat exchanger in a closed cooling circuit, which cools the drive device of the propeller ( 41 ), in particular the motor ( 3 ). 11. Attachment kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to An saying 10, characterized, that the circulation pump has a continuously running Axle shaft of the traction mechanism gear is driven. 12. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or water motorcycle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a cooling device for cooling the drive device of the propeller ( 41 ), in particular the motor ( 3 ), comprising a submersible in water boom ( 131 ) the influence of a dynamic pressure water of the drive device can be supplied. 13. mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that water from the boom ( 131 ) in an intermediate container ( 135 ) can be collected, the water from the intermediate container ( 135 ) by means of a pump ( 136 ) as cooling water of the An drive device can be fed. 14. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the tail unit has a fin ( 33 ) with assigned rudder ( 34 ) and a fin ( 31 ) with assigned elevator ( 32 ) and the tail unit Carrier device ( 20 ) has a lower and an upper tail carrier ( 21 , 22 ), the upper tail carrier ( 21 ) on a jacket ( 42 ) of the propeller and the lower tail carrier ( 22 ) on at least one frame ( 90 a, 90 b) in the rear of the fuselage of the water motorcycle or the vehicle is attached. 15. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by at least one frame ( 110 ) in the fuselage ( 2 ) of the water motorcycle or the vehicle, in which wings forces can be introduced. 16. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by a spar bridge ( 100 ) in the fuselage of the water motor wheel or the vehicle, to which spars ( 18 ) of the two wings are attached. 17. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that a wing ( 10 ) on the fuselage ( 2 ) are fastened upwards, the axis of rotation ( 16 ) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wing ( 10 ) lies. 18. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that a longitudinal extension from the front section of a wing ( 14 ) by an angle of essentially 180 degrees foldable down on the be on the fuselage fastened Part ( 17 ) of the wing is arranged, the axis of rotation ( 15 ) being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wing. 19. Mounting kit for a water motorcycle or vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the wings each have a float device ( 13 ) at their longitudinal end. 20. Method for operating a vehicle according to one of the An sayings 2 to 19, characterized net that in response to detecting at least one Flight parameters the flight altitude H is set. 21. The method for operating a vehicle according to claim 20, characterized in that in response to the detection of the lifting of the boom ( 131 ) from the water, the tail unit and / or the drive device for reducing the flight height H is controlled.