CN88102723A - 防止机舱减压的方法和装置 - Google Patents
防止机舱减压的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space
- B64D13/02—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space the air being pressurised
- B64D13/04—Automatic control of pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space
- B64D13/02—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space the air being pressurised
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- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
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Abstract
一环境控制系统10利用一过调节阀26来防止机舱16突然减压,此过调节阀确定,机舱内空气压力和输入到机舱内空气压力之差值,如果输入到机舱的气压比舱内气压小于一给定值,过调节阀26中断了驾驶员提供的一较低的压力信号,这样,输入到机舱的气压比机舱内的气压大于一给定值。
Description
本发明与飞机的环境控制系统有关,更具体地说与防止飞机机仓突然减压的环境控制系统有关。
环境控制系统一般来说起到调节和调整输入到机仓的加压空气的作用。通过环境控制系统流到机仓的空气压力一般由压力调节阀调整。压力调节阀随着飞行高度的变化而改变通过环境控制系统进入机仓空气压力的大小。当飞机爬升时,加压空气进入压力下降的机仓内。
大体上,飞机驾驶员能减小输入到机仓的空气压力。当机仓空调载荷低的时候,诸如天气凉快或乘客人数少时,这点就显得特别重要,因为输入到控制系统内的空气是由飞机发动机供气,降低空气压力的调定值就会减少供气也就增加了发动机的效率。
然而,如果驾驶员在一定飞行高度减小空气压力太多,飞机机仓会开始减压。
因此,本发明的一个目的是允许飞机驾驶员,用最小的机仓出现减压的慨率来调节通过环境控制系统输入到机仓内的压力。
根据本发明,提供了一种防止机仓减压的装置和方法,决定于进入机仓内的空气压力和机仓内空气压力之压差,如果此压差低于一给定值,调节机仓内空气压力的信号由飞机驾驶员发出以保证压差不跌到给定值以下,这样机仓就不会减压。
本发明的前述的和其它的特点和优点由以下的详细说明书和附图会变得更加清楚。
图1是本发明环境控制系统的示意图。
图2是图1的环境控制系统在各种工作模式下,通向机仓的调节压力的坐标图。
参照图1所示为一飞机环境控制系统10,环境控制系统接受一从燃气涡轮12来的空气流,通过导管14把气流引入到机仓16内。
环境控制系统10包括几个主要部件。通过定位一调节风门20,一单向作动筒18调节流过导管的排气流,而单向作动筒的位置是由压力调节阀22来控制,该压力调节阀根据飞行高度的变化把调节风门下游的空气压力(已调好的压力)与外界大气压力进行比较后再来调节机仓16的压力。一气动作动筒24允许驾驶员通过调整压力调节阀来调节机仓内压力。如果驾驶员所要的机仓压力在给定飞行高度下不会适,那么过调节阀26就能保护机仓不减压。一空气循环冷却装置28(属于已有技术)调节进入机仓气流的温度。
单向作动筒18包含有:一连杆30,该连杆在第一端头32连到调节风门20,一活塞34连到连杆的第二端头36;一膜盒38通过一杆40连到活塞;和一弹簧42偏置于膜盒的左侧。而活塞和膜盒之间的空间通过管路44通向大气。很容易理解,当活塞的流体压力克服膜盒上的流体压力和弹簧力时,活塞和膜盒将向右移动而转动调节风门20来关闭流过导管14的气流,同样,当膜盒上的流体压力克服活塞上的流体压力时,活塞和膜盒将向左移动而转动调节风门20来打开流过导管14的气流。
管路46把调节风门空气流上游的压力通过管路46正对着单向作动筒。通过管路48,流体压力影响到活塞34,通过管路50,流体压力影响到膜盒38。管路46备有一流量限制器52和一电磁阀54,该管路46通过管路56与大气相通。电磁阀的动作就关闭了阀门,于是作动筒右侧通过管路56与大气相通,从而关闭了调节风门20,管路46备有一排气口58,而排气口的大小由压力调节阀来调节。
压力调节阀随看飞行高度的变化,通过比较流过导管14的空气压力与大气压力来调节输入到机仓内的空气压力。一闭合柱60安装在腔室64内的转轴62上,此腔室通过管路66通向大气。已调节压力的空气压力(调节风门20的下游)通过管路68正对看闭合柱的左侧,该管路68通过管路74把流体压力输送到第一膜盒70和第二膜盒72,管路74内有一动态的超前-滞后补偿流量限制器76(属于公知先有技术),由第一和第二杆(78,80)把第一和第二膜盒分别连到闭合柱。被调压力的变化就会把关闭柱移向和移离排气口58,这些都可进一步讨论。一排气波纹管82连到关闭柱右侧,一第三膜盒84也连到关闭柱右侧,并通过管路86连到气压作动筒24。
气压作动筒通过第三膜盒84偏置于压力调节调上,这样飞机驾驶员就能控制机仓压力,一驾驶员控制的力矩马达88来定位挡板90,把已调节气动压力(也就是一压力信号)从气源92引向第三膜盒。
过调节阀26比较机仓16的空气压力和调节压力把气动压力流转向导入第三膜盒,如果驾驶员选择了一倾向使机仓减压的压力,机仓内空气压力的流体压力,通过管路96一第四膜盒98和杆100引向朝着挡板94而已调节气压之流体压力,通过管路102,一第五膜盒104和杆106引向朝着挡板94。一流量限制器107放置在管102通过管路68和102使压力调节阀22和过调节阀26之间的相互作用减得最小。挡板94安装在转轴112上,它可转向和转离管路110。第9和第五膜盒分别靠弹簧偏置于挡板,在挡板94上的弹簧合力有助于把挡板偏离从第三膜盒排出气动压力的排气口108,最好弹簧力调整到5磅左右,这样如果调节压力比机仓压力大不到5磅时,从气源92来的气动压力从第三膜盒排出。
参照图1和图2,系统的操作叙述如下:图2中的曲线A表明当飞机的飞行高度增加时传到机仓的已调节的气压线性地减小。基本上,排气波纹管82提供了一作用在关闭柱60的力,当飞机爬升时,关闭柱有助于克服在第一和第二膜盒(70,72)上的力,使关闭柱移离排气口58,从而从单向作动筒18的膜盒38后面排出压力。活塞34移向右并把调节风门转向闭合来减小通向仓体的已调节的气压。
通过定位力矩马达88来移动挡板90以测量去第三膜盒84的气动压力,驾驶员就可有选择地降低进入机仓的已调节的气压。由第三膜盒84提供的加在关闭柱60上的压力有助于把关闭柱移离排气口58,允许活塞移向右而关闭调节风门20。结果是降低了直线A,如直线B所示,驾驶员可以挑选如直线C所示的最小压力,但是,压力调节阀22可能会引起最小压力跌到飞行高度所需的机仓气压之下(如折线D所示),如果最小压力跌到所需机仓气压之下(如E点所示),机仓趋向减压,很清楚这不是所希望的,要是驾驶员挑选一个趋向机仓减压的压力,过调节阀26就排出经过管路86送来的气动压力,结果气动压力(信号)就不会加偏压到压力调节阀,在这意义上,最小调节压力表明了折线F的特性,已调节压力没有跌到所需仓体压力之下,如图2中直线C和折线F之间的差所示。
而就其最佳实施例而言已说明和叙述了本发明,本技术领域的普通技术人员都会懂得,本系统所作的设有偏离本发明的各种修改,任何一个普通技术人员都承认膜盒98、116都可能用诸如传感器之类的电器装置所代替,该传感器可提供一调节挡板94或力矩马达88的信号,可以理解,下面的权利要求包括了此处叙述的实施例以及落在本发明范围和构思之内的等同物。
Claims (3)
1、一防止具有给定空气压力的空气体降压的方法,该空气体在一已调节好的压力下输入空气,其特征在于:
提供一以一定调节压力输入了空气的上述调节压力的调整信号,来调节上述空气体的气压。
确定上述空气体的气压和输入到空气体要调节的气压之差。
调整上述空气体的气压和输入到空气体要调节的气压差的信号没有降到给定的差值之下,这样,上述空气体仍然保持加压。
2、一防止具有给定空气压力的空气体降压的装置,该空气体在一已调节好的压力下输入空气,其特征在于:
提供一已调节好压力输入空气的上述调节压力的调整信号的装置;
确定上述空气体的气压和输入到空气体要调节的气压之差的装置,
调整上述信号的装置,如果上述确定气压装置发现,空气体的气压和要调节压力之差,降到给定参数以下,这样,上述空气体不减压。
3、一用来控制压力和调节输入空气到具有气压的机仓之环境控制系统,上述环境控制系统防止机仓突然减压,其特征在于:
随着飞行高度的变化,调节输入到机仓空气压力的装置;
对上述调节空气压力装置提供信号来控制调节空气压力装置的装置,这样,输入到机仓内的空气压力就得到控制;
确定机仓内空气压力和输入到机仓空气压力之差的装置;
上述提供信号之装置的调整装置,以致信号被调整,这样机仓就不减压,如果上述确定气压装置发现,机仓内的气压和输入到机仓的气压之差降到给定参数以下,这样,上述机仓就不会减压。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US045,342 | 1987-05-04 | ||
US07/045,342 US4773307A (en) | 1987-05-04 | 1987-05-04 | Method and apparatus for preventing cabin depressurization |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN88102723A true CN88102723A (zh) | 1988-11-16 |
CN1013561B CN1013561B (zh) | 1991-08-21 |
Family
ID=21937343
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN88102723A Expired CN1013561B (zh) | 1987-05-04 | 1988-05-04 | 防止机仓减压的装置 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4773307A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0290369B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS63287697A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1013561B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE73405T1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8802112A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1291358C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE290369T1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2006424A4 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR890300032T1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105292492A (zh) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种座舱压力调节器 |
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US5135161A (en) * | 1990-12-10 | 1992-08-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Reduced noise trim air system |
US6507776B1 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2003-01-14 | Fox, Iii Angus C. | Autopilot for aircraft having automatic descent function in the event of cabin depressurization |
US6783114B2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2004-08-31 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Cable assembly and air outflow valve incorporating the same |
US7305842B1 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-12-11 | Peter Schiff | Environmental control system and method for an aircraft |
US11260978B2 (en) * | 2019-05-03 | 2022-03-01 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Valve for aircraft environmental control system conduit |
US20220147074A1 (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-12 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Digitally augmented pneumatic control |
Family Cites Families (23)
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US2734442A (en) * | 1956-02-14 | jensen | ||
US2451280A (en) * | 1946-06-10 | 1948-10-12 | Douglas Aircraft Co Inc | Control system |
US2578773A (en) * | 1948-04-20 | 1951-12-18 | Garrett Corp | Control for cabin pressure regulators |
US2773440A (en) * | 1949-02-24 | 1956-12-11 | Garrett Corp | Surge relief means |
US2692545A (en) * | 1950-03-20 | 1954-10-26 | Garrett Corp | Pressure regulating mechanism |
US2665623A (en) * | 1950-05-23 | 1954-01-12 | Garrett Corp | Isobaric override control |
US2672086A (en) * | 1950-08-03 | 1954-03-16 | Garrett Corp | Safety valve |
US2749828A (en) * | 1951-07-25 | 1956-06-12 | Garrett Corp | Pressure regulating mechanism |
US2767637A (en) * | 1951-11-26 | 1956-10-23 | Garrett Corp | Pressure regulating mechanism |
US2854913A (en) * | 1956-12-13 | 1958-10-07 | United Aircraft Corp | Flow control means for an aircraft air conditioning system |
US2966109A (en) * | 1957-04-29 | 1960-12-27 | United Aircraft Corp | Dual supply air conditioning system having valve means for equalizing the supply flow |
US2884845A (en) * | 1957-07-15 | 1959-05-05 | United Aircraft Corp | Valve means for controlling direction of flow in an aircraft air conditioning system |
US3053162A (en) * | 1958-03-26 | 1962-09-11 | Kollsman Instr Corp | Auxiliary pressure monitor for cabin pressurization systems |
US3078778A (en) * | 1959-05-29 | 1963-02-26 | United Aircraft Corp | Flow control system for pressurized aircraft compartment |
FR1376109A (fr) * | 1963-11-28 | 1964-10-23 | Bendix Corp | Régulateur de pression maintenant au voisinage du corps humain une pression minimum |
US3362424A (en) * | 1965-05-05 | 1968-01-09 | Vapor Corp | Fluid pressure regulating system |
US3376802A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1968-04-09 | United Aircraft Corp | Tracking loop for aircraft cabin pressure regulating system |
US3450020A (en) * | 1967-10-10 | 1969-06-17 | Intercontinental Dynamics Corp | Aircraft cabin pressurization system having controlled rate of pressure change |
US3650197A (en) * | 1969-09-16 | 1972-03-21 | Jury Mikhailovich Petrov | Apparatus for controlling air pressure inside the cabin of an aircraft |
GB1281196A (en) * | 1969-11-20 | 1972-07-12 | Westland Aircraft Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pressure control systems |
GB1275660A (en) * | 1969-12-09 | 1972-05-24 | Westland Aircraft Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pressure control systems |
US4284237A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-08-18 | Anemostat Products Div., Dynamics Corporation Of America | Air conditioning control system with master and tracking controllers |
BR8203800A (pt) * | 1981-07-20 | 1983-06-21 | United Technologies Corp | Controle de temperatura e pressao para sistema de controle do meio ambiente |
-
1987
- 1987-05-04 US US07/045,342 patent/US4773307A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-03-31 CA CA000563132A patent/CA1291358C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-02 BR BR8802112A patent/BR8802112A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-02 JP JP63109829A patent/JPS63287697A/ja active Pending
- 1988-05-03 AT AT88630083T patent/ATE73405T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-03 EP EP88630083A patent/EP0290369B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-03 ES ES88630083T patent/ES2006424A4/es active Pending
- 1988-05-03 DE DE198888630083T patent/DE290369T1/de active Pending
- 1988-05-03 DE DE8888630083T patent/DE3868971D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-04 CN CN88102723A patent/CN1013561B/zh not_active Expired
-
1989
- 1989-04-12 GR GR89300032T patent/GR890300032T1/el unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105292492A (zh) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种座舱压力调节器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1291358C (en) | 1991-10-29 |
CN1013561B (zh) | 1991-08-21 |
EP0290369A3 (en) | 1989-11-29 |
EP0290369B1 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
EP0290369A2 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
BR8802112A (pt) | 1988-11-29 |
ES2006424A4 (es) | 1989-05-01 |
GR890300032T1 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
DE3868971D1 (de) | 1992-04-16 |
ATE73405T1 (de) | 1992-03-15 |
DE290369T1 (de) | 1989-06-01 |
JPS63287697A (ja) | 1988-11-24 |
US4773307A (en) | 1988-09-27 |
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