CN86108709A - The transcutaneous pin of fixing bone or broken bone - Google Patents
The transcutaneous pin of fixing bone or broken bone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN86108709A CN86108709A CN86108709.7A CN86108709A CN86108709A CN 86108709 A CN86108709 A CN 86108709A CN 86108709 A CN86108709 A CN 86108709A CN 86108709 A CN86108709 A CN 86108709A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- regulation
- chip area
- bone
- mentioned
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000237970 Conus <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010031264 Osteonecrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8625—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
- A61B17/8635—Tips of screws
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The transcutaneous pin of a kind of fixing bone or broken bone, its threaded portion front end have along circumferential uniform chip area, can attack the system screw thread when the front end injection bone piece of this threaded portion on bone.This chip area is the groove shape, and trough rim forms the cutting edge of attacking the system screw thread along portion.Cutting edge has with cutting back positive relief angle and that extend back and intersect until the chip area with its rear.Further this chip area that improves groove shape in the shape of a spiral, this helicla flute and the screw thread of threaded portion have common axis and rotation direction identical.
Description
Transcutaneous pin becomes that prior art is existing to be applied for many years and in bone surgery, is used in from the outside bone articulate the time especially.This screw passes muscle and bone, and is used usually and by the improved exterior bone holder of Huffman (Hoffmann) doctor.This class exterior bone fixed apparatus comprises trochanter, connecting rod, motion bar, articulation and control and the fixing chuck of transcutaneous pin.The external fixator of Huffman formula comprises that one can be looped around a certain position of human body group frame on every side so that fix bone or broken bone from outer surface by transcutaneous pin or transcutaneous pin group.
Can see multiple transcutaneous pin on the market, they have a threaded portion usually, and threaded portion one end has the tapping part that is used for attacking the system screw thread on bone or broken bone.Before body is screwed into, at first should get out the hole with predetermined diameter on bone or broken bone at nail, the diameter of hole equals or greater than the internal diameter of screw thread.Then an end of screw is inserted in the hole and the threaded portion is screwed in the hole, this moment, the tapping part of screw end promptly carved screw thread in the hole of having bored.When being screwed into screw, generally all adopt the chuck that is meshed with the tail end of screw tool polygonal cross-section (for example quadrangular section).The termination of the threaded portion of the screw of prior art can be known other style of drill point formula or professional and technical personnel.
Be commonly referred to the screw of the another kind of type that pierces through screw in addition, its front, threaded portion also has one section round bar part with bit point of the drill.Piercing through screw can be screwed under the situation of not giving boring earlier.For piercing through screw, the function of its front end is boring, partly attacks the system screw thread by the tapping of the front end of threaded portion immediately.
The transcutaneous pin of prior art can not carry out high-quality boring and tapping, because the temperature of part of the force can raise and cause the bone necrosis or the damage of appropriate section in boring and the operating process of tapping.Again it, the screw of prior art is attacked thread surface of low quality of system, its reason is that regular meeting many places take place tears on the surface that is threaded, cause screw be screwed into back and bone interblock fix defective tightness.At last, because the screw of prior art can not carry out good boring and tapping, after being screwed into bone, they can produce excessive stress in the contact site.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of high-quality boring and the tapping that can determine, only produce the transcutaneous pin of MIN temperature rise in the time of guaranteeing to operate again.
The transcutaneous pin of fixing bone of the present invention and broken bone has a threaded portion, and the front end of threaded portion has a chip area at least, just can carry out tapping like this after the front end of threaded portion penetrates bone.The trough rim that the invention is characterized in the chip area of above-mentioned at least one forms the cutting edge that a tapping of traversing threaded line is used, and this tapping cutting edge has a cutting back with positive relief angle, and this cutting back is crossing with the next groove at its rear.
Cutting back with positive relief angle can guarantee to carry out tapping in high quality and screw is penetrated in the bone at an easy rate.Again it, bone bits can not be stayed inside bone and hinder the action of a back cutting edge when operating, so the local temperature rise when operating will be significantly less than the temperature rise that screw caused of prior art.
The front end of the threaded portion of above-mentioned screw has a guiding conus portion, and the chip area that forms cutting edge extends to the front end of the cylindrical part at middle part, threaded portion always from the guiding circular cone of threaded portion.
The chip area of this formation cutting edge can have various improved form.It can be to be parallel to the groove that screw axis and orthogonal substantially surface constitute by two.Perhaps the chip area of this kind groove type is arranged to helicla flute with the screw thread coaxial line.In the better implement mode, this helicla flute has identical rotation direction with screw thread.Chip area is made with the method for grinding after being preferably in threaded portion and guiding conus portion completion of processing thereof.
Screw of the present invention can adopt various forms, for example can be that prebored hole is carried out in requirement, also can be can carry out self-drilling.A kind of screw in back is suitable for is having a bit point of the drill with the indirect adjoiner device in end of the guiding circular cone of its threaded portion at least.
The present invention also comprises a kind of screw that pierces through, and the guiding conus portion of its threaded portion continues to extend forward to become round bar shape, and the diameter of round bar is equal to or less than the bottom diameter of threaded portion.The end of round bar is the apex point of a flat Gothic arch.This flat Gothic arch apex point can have two relative chip removal otch in position that are positioned at its top.
The cross section of the Gothic arch apex point that this is flat can be the long parallelogram with two relative cutting fronts, each cutting front and cutting back of thereafter the positive relief angle of band be common to form a cutting edge, has one to be used for that the cutting anterior angle is adjusted into zero degree or on the occasion of the microscler spoon shape depression of angle with the adjacent place of cutting edge on the cutting front.
The several embodiments of having represented transcutaneous pin of the present invention in the accompanying drawings.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the side view of first kind of embodiment of transcutaneous pin.
Fig. 2 is the side view of second kind of embodiment (promptly piercing through screw) of transcutaneous pin.
The zoomed-in view that Fig. 3 is a screw end shown in Figure 1 on the direction of III, the screw of first kind of embodiment must get out suitable diameter on bone Kong Houcai can insert.This kind screw is commonly referred to half blunt nosed screw.
Fig. 4 is the view that is similar to Fig. 3 that pierces through screw of second kind of embodiment, and this screw can be holed before tapping voluntarily, is commonly referred to as from half screw of boring with thread tapping.
Fig. 5 is the zoomed-in view of front end of the transcutaneous pin threaded portion of first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the view of similar Fig. 5 of second kind of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is according to the VII on Fig. 5-VII line cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8 is according to the VIII on Fig. 6-VIII line cross-sectional view.
Fig. 9 is the amplification thin portion view of screw apex point on arrow IX direction among Fig. 2.
Figure 10 is an apex point shown in Figure 9 cross-sectional view by X-X line.
Fig. 1 and transcutaneous pin shown in Figure 3 comprise the smooth part 3 that is positioned at the forward threaded portion 2 of screw and 3 places, screw rear portion, and screw 1 is elongated cylindrical, and an annular groove 4 and square tenon 5 are arranged on rear portion or the smooth department 3.The available chuck side of an acting on tenon 5 screws in screw 1 in bone or the broken bone, 4 displacements that are used to limit chuck of annular groove.On the front portion 2 of screw 1 screw thread 6 is arranged, screw thread is anterior to be that butt guiding circular cone 7, circular cone front end be and the axis normal of the screw smooth surface 8 of cardinal principle also.
The chip area 9 that the front end that can see screw in Fig. 3,5 and 6 is used when circumferentially being distributed with three tappings apart from one another by hexagonal angle.Above-mentioned chip area 9 respectively has two perpendicular surfaces 10 and 11.The cutting edge 12(that uses when the outer on surface 10 constitutes tapping also can see on cross section shown in Figure 7).Corresponding to the rotation direction of screw, each cutting edge 12 has a cutting back 13 with positive relief angle, and this cutting back ends at the intersection that intersects with the surface 11 of a back chip area 9.
Though the method with grinding can obtain ideal chip area 9 and the cutting back of being with relief angle.But clearly also can adopt milling or other suitable method obtains same result for the professional and technical personnel.
This screw shown in Figure 3 is used in particular for following situation, and the tissue near bone should not be damaged at its tip when promptly wanting it to pass second layer Cortex Lycii.
When not having above-mentioned requirements, can transcutaneous pin on nail link one and pierce through screw, transcutaneous pin self promptly has the function of holing successively with tap out like this.Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4 promptly be this transcutaneous pin
Identical with aforesaid transcutaneous pin in Fig. 4 is to have a screw thread 6 that ends at frusto-conical portion 7 on the screw.But the front portion of different is this frustum of a cone again forward continuity form a column part 28, form a conical apex point 30 that is substantially more forward again.The effect of column part 28 is mutual interference mutually between these two actions can avoid holing with tapping on the Cortex Lycii of common thickness the time, and this interference can be given and attacked the system screw thread exactly bring difficulty on bone.Two symmetric chip areas 30 are arranged on the body of screw of this embodiment.
Another kind shown in Figure 2 pierce through screw have with Fig. 1 in the similar threaded portion 2 of screw, with the one end in abutting connection with and have the rear portion 3 of annular groove 4 and for the square tenon 5 of clamping.
Have on the threaded portion 2 with Fig. 3 in the similar screw thread 6 of tape guide circular cone 7.Chip area 9 can advance and forms to the feeding of screw axis direction simultaneously from the body of rod 16 beginning grindings that are positioned at frustum of a cone 7 fronts and then to screw thread 6 in the mode of tangential admission with circular grinding wheel in addition.The body of rod 16 front ends have a boring cutting point sword 17, and its details is referring to Fig. 9.
The sharp sword 17 that pierces through on the body of rod 16 terminations on the screw shown in Fig. 2 is Gothic arch 22, and the top of cusped arch has two chip removal otch 23(to see Fig. 9).The blade tip portion 22 of Gothic arch has some design features that are worth paying special attention to find out from Fig. 9 and cross-sectional view Figure 10, have two cutting fronts 24 that respectively carry cutting edge 25 on the cross section of the long parallelogram shown in Figure 10, the opposite side of cutting edge is the cutting back 26 with positive relief angle.When rotating according to arrow F direction, blade tip it should be noted that cutting back 26 has enough big positive relief angle and can be used for holding the smear metal of holing and produced in arch 22 full to the brim side by side on bone.The professional and technical personnel can see from Fig. 9 that also the cutting front by plane 24 regulations has minus cutting anterior angle α on the other hand.For adjust this cutting anterior angle to zero or on the occasion of, be provided with two long recess 27 with cutting edge 25 adjacency, can adjust and select to cut anterior angle α with the method for the degree of depth of change groove 27 according to the concrete needs of user.
Fig. 9 and blade tip portion shown in Figure 10 and since its have Gothic arch shape, with the cutting back 26 of positive relief angle and make the cutting anterior angle be zero or on the occasion of groove 27, so can provide quality well to be better than the boring screw of prior art aspect the boring.Again it, the blade tip portion of Gothic arch is easy to use especially, because of it has self-align effect and can prevent that when creeping into axis from producing lateral shift in bone.
Screw total length in the earlier figures 1,3,4 can be between 75mm to 500mm, and its diameter series is from 3mm to 6mm.The typical gradient of frustum of a cone is 12 °.
The centre of this embodiment of describing among Fig. 2 be the screw total length of threaded portion between 175mm to 350mm, its diameter series equally also is 3mm to 6mm.Be equal to or less than the internal diameter of screw thread 6 as the diameter of the forward bar portion 16 of the component part of the screw shown in Fig. 2.For the screw of diameter 3,4,5 or 6mm, the diameter at position 16 correspondingly is 2,3,4 or 5mm.Screw shown in Figure 2 adopts the guiding frustum of a cone at 6 ° of angles to be advisable.
A number of screw thread all is a single head in above-mentioned several examples, but also can adopt multiple thread fully, and this moment is by the also corresponding increase several times of number of the threaded line of same chip area.
Claims (16)
1, the transcutaneous pin of a kind of fixing bone or broken bone, its threaded portion front end has at least one chip area can be on bone after making in this front end injection bone or the broken bone tap out, the above-mentioned chip area that is at least all is the groove shape and forms the cutting edge of attacking the system screw thread of a cross-section threaded portion screw thread at its edge, this cutting edge of attacking the system screw thread have one with positive relief angle and stretch backward until the cutting back of intersecting with thereafter chip area.
2, by the screw of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that the chip area that has at least two on circumference, to be symmetrically distributed above it.
3, by the screw of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that the front end of its threaded portion is the guiding frusto-conical, the cutting edge that forms on the chip area edge traverses the guiding conus portion of threaded portion front end and traverses the start-up portion of the cylindrical part in this stage casing, threaded portion.
4, by the screw of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that the V-shaped groove shape of above-mentioned chip area, two bottom surfaces of this V-shaped groove are vertical mutually substantially.
5,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned chip area semicircular in shape substantially on cross section by the screw of claim 1 regulation.
6, by the screw of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that above-mentioned chip area is parallel to the axis of screw.
7,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned chip area is the helicla flute shape with the screw thread coaxial line by the screw of claim 1 regulation.And have the rotation direction identical with screw thread.
8, by the screw of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that above-mentioned chip area in screw thread and guiding circular cone completion of processing thereof after grinding form.
9, by the screw of claim 3 regulation, it is characterized in that the axis of the front end face of above-mentioned frustum of a cone perpendicular to screw, matches with prebored hole on the bone in its front portion.
10, by the screw of claim 9 regulation, the intersection that it is characterized in that above-mentioned end face and frustum of a cone is a undergauge gradually.
11, by the screw of claim 3 regulation, it is characterized in that extending into round bar shape forward at the guiding tapered segment of threaded portion, the diameter of round bar is equal to or less than the bottom diameter of threaded portion, and the termination portion of round bar one is the sharp sword of flat boring of Gothic arch.
12,, it is characterized in that the top of the sharp sword of above-mentioned flat Gothic arch has two two chip removal otch respect to one another by the screw of claim 11 regulation.
13, the screw of stipulating by claim 11, the cross section that it is characterized in that the blade tip of above-mentioned Gothic arch is the long parallelogram with two relative cutting fronts, each cutting front and cutting back of thereafter the positive relief angle of band be common to form a cutting edge, has one to be used for that the cutting anterior angle is adjusted into zero degree or on the occasion of the microscler spoon shape depression of angle with the adjacent place of cutting edge on the cutting front.
14, by the screw of claim 3 regulation, the front portion that it is characterized in that above-mentioned frustum of a cone is to extend into a cone with formation bit point of the drill of one or more chip areas indirectly at least.
15,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned conical drill bit is the extension of a common cylindrical part between butt guiding circular cone and conical drill bit by the screw of claim 14 regulation.
16, by the screw of claim 15 regulation, the diameter of cylindrical part that it is characterized in that above-mentioned drill bit is greater than the internal diameter of screw thread.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH5070/85A CH666398A5 (en) | 1985-11-28 | 1985-11-28 | Transcutaneous pin for fixation of bone part or fragment |
| CH5070/85-9 | 1985-11-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86108709A true CN86108709A (en) | 1987-06-17 |
| CN1011191B CN1011191B (en) | 1991-01-16 |
Family
ID=4287439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108709A Expired CN1011191B (en) | 1985-11-28 | 1986-11-27 | Transcutaneous pin for fixation of a bone part of gragment |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS62243551A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1011191B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU589235B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1329081C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH666398A5 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL80747A0 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA868982B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102210602A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 上海微创骨科医疗科技有限公司 | Reamer |
| CN103815959A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 上海底特精密紧固件股份有限公司 | Bone screw |
| CN103876817A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏安格尔医疗器械有限公司 | Multi-start thread U-shaped nail |
| CN108186103A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第附属医院 | Joint fusion fixing glue |
| CN109567917A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江康慈医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of blunt nosed metal bone needle |
| CN109567915A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江康慈医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of metal bone needle with drill bit function |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5129901A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-07-14 | Decoste Vern X | Cannulated orthopedic screw |
| DE4136178A1 (en) * | 1991-11-02 | 1993-05-06 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De | CIRCUIT FOR CONTINUOUS ZOOM ADJUSTMENT OF PICTURE WIDTH IN A TELEVISION RECEIVER |
| JP2563333Y2 (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1998-02-18 | 長野計器株式会社 | Screw pin |
| JP3323747B2 (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 2002-09-09 | グンゼ株式会社 | Orthopedic tap |
| KR20030028685A (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-10 | 주식회사 제일메디칼코퍼레이션 | A screw for medical care |
| US9782209B2 (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2017-10-10 | Rtg Scientific | Medical fastener |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2388482A (en) * | 1943-01-16 | 1945-11-06 | Herbert H Haynes | Surgical screw |
| US2393982A (en) * | 1945-01-06 | 1946-02-05 | Josef H Glesen | Fracture reducer |
| JPS51141953A (en) * | 1975-05-31 | 1976-12-07 | Yoshio Murata | Bolt |
| JPS5249109A (en) * | 1975-10-13 | 1977-04-19 | Hitachi Seiko Kk | Ink feeder for printing press |
| FR2357022A1 (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1978-01-27 | Thomson Csf | DEVICE FOR COMBINED VISUALIZATION OF A MOBILE MAP AND NAVIGATION INFORMATION AND ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION INDICATOR SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A DEVICE |
| JPS6119365Y2 (en) * | 1979-08-20 | 1986-06-11 | ||
| US4414966A (en) * | 1981-04-09 | 1983-11-15 | Ace Orthopedic Manufacturing, Inc. | Fixation pin |
| ES507799A0 (en) * | 1981-12-09 | 1983-01-16 | Lazo De Zbikowski Juan | IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PATENT OF INVENTION N.483191, RELATING TO A FUNCTIONAL FIXATION SYSTEM FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS. |
| US4537185A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1985-08-27 | Denis P. Stednitz | Cannulated fixation screw |
-
1985
- 1985-11-28 CH CH5070/85A patent/CH666398A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-11-24 IL IL80747A patent/IL80747A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-11-26 CA CA000523819A patent/CA1329081C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-11-27 AU AU65752/86A patent/AU589235B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-11-27 ZA ZA868982A patent/ZA868982B/en unknown
- 1986-11-27 CN CN86108709A patent/CN1011191B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-11-27 JP JP61283034A patent/JPS62243551A/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-10-19 JP JP1992072700U patent/JP2520199Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102210602A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 上海微创骨科医疗科技有限公司 | Reamer |
| CN103815959A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 上海底特精密紧固件股份有限公司 | Bone screw |
| CN103876817A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏安格尔医疗器械有限公司 | Multi-start thread U-shaped nail |
| CN108186103A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第附属医院 | Joint fusion fixing glue |
| CN109567917A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江康慈医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of blunt nosed metal bone needle |
| CN109567915A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江康慈医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of metal bone needle with drill bit function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6575286A (en) | 1987-06-04 |
| AU589235B2 (en) | 1989-10-05 |
| IL80747A0 (en) | 1987-02-27 |
| JPS62243551A (en) | 1987-10-24 |
| CA1329081C (en) | 1994-05-03 |
| JPH0743070U (en) | 1995-08-18 |
| ZA868982B (en) | 1987-07-29 |
| CN1011191B (en) | 1991-01-16 |
| JP2520199Y2 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
| CH666398A5 (en) | 1988-07-29 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |