CN85104603A - Machine for stripping grain and cutting stalk - Google Patents

Abstract

The "grain-stroke and mower machine" is a brand-new rice combine harvesting machine.

There are many types of rice harvesters, but they remain the same. They have not been able to get rid of the stubborn rule of "threshing drum" and "reciprocating cutter". Therefore, outstanding progress has not been achieved until now, and cheap and high-quality products have not been able to come out.

"Rolling and mowing bar machine" broke the traditional shackles, not only adopted new threshing tools (grain stroking device) and mowing tools (wire sawing device), but also changed the traditional process (using "field direct threshing" form).

Thereby, the problems of complex and cumbersome, full of failures, high price and ugly and difficult to wet mowing and wet shedding that have not been solved by the "rice combined harvesting and mowing machine" for a long time are solved.

Description

Grain-smoothing and rod-cutting machine

The invention relates to a field direct threshing combine harvester for harvesting rice. As is well known, until now, there is no ideal (i.e., inexpensive and good) product available for rice combine harvesters. The method of ' direct field threshing ' is expected to be used at home and abroad to try for coming out, and the traditional constraint is not completely removed (a ' drum-type threshing device is still adopted), so that the method fails one by one.

According to the invention, a new threshing device (namely a grain stroking device) is designed according to the grain stroking principle, so that the aim of directly threshing rice in the field is successfully fulfilled, and the technical process and required equipment for harvesting are simplified. The cutting device is also extremely simple (root jigsaw only). Solves the problems that the rice combine harvester cannot solve the problems of cutter blockage, blockage of each part, difficult wet cutting and wet threshing for a long time.

The machine consists of three working parts, namely a grain smoothing device, a clamping mechanism and a wire saw.

A grain smoothing device is a phenomenon which is common and unobscured in rural areas, particularly when a non-cut straw is hung by a bamboo strip on a basket, grains on the non-cut straw are smoothed out quickly along with running of a person picking up grains, and the non-cut straw is smoothed out one dry and two clean without any impurities (the threshing quality is best). Only for this reason, the efficiency of the method is extremely low, and therefore, it has not been considered important.

However, people who are like 'all-things-luck' are possible and can manufacture a tool or a machine tool according to the principle to greatly improve the efficiency of the human body, and the human body is cut, knocked and explored at the beginning and in high school. The design of the grain stroking device is not carried out until seven or two years, and the grain stroking device is not understood by people and lacks of enough trial-and-manufacture cost, so that the design of the grain stroking device is not practical until now.

Recently, I have found that the device is similar in shape to the lifting device of Japanese reaper-binder (see FIG. 1). The difference is that (1) the gradient of the device is different: the angle between the horizontal line and the approximate right angle of Japan (which requires the tooth pulling speed to be high so as to avoid the phenomena of pushing and pressing the rice but to easily shake off the grains) and the angle between the horizontal line and the approximate right angle of Japan (which is low in tooth pulling speed and not easy to shake off the grains) are 30 degrees. (2) The tooth extraction configuration and distribution density are different. (3) The functions are different. The main task in Japan is to replace the reel for pulling the straw more effectively to achieve the purpose of supporting and accepting the cutting. The rice combine harvester mainly replaces a roller type threshing device to achieve the aim of direct threshing in the field, so that the rice combine harvester is distinguished. Of course, the function of holding and lifting the grains is also realized (the two functions are only secondary functions).

FIG. 1 shows a hand-propelled motorized grain-stroking stalk-cutting machine (according to the size of the machine, a self-propelled walking type machine and a rest seat type machine). The cutting width is three lines of rice (500-750 mm, the row spacing is different, and the divider can be adjusted). On the frame 14 next to the divider 1, two closed roller chains are mounted, inclined upwards (at an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal) and densely provided with triangular teeth. The distance between the two chains is 250mm, a hanging chain piece 9 (shown in figure 2) is arranged on each chain every 100mm, the chain pitch is 12.5mm, and triangular pulling teeth which can be turned up and down around a hanging shaft 10 and can stretch along a hanging rod 11 are hung. The left and right tooth-pulls are interlaced to form a plurality of zigzag gaps.

The tooth-drawing is an isosceles triangle (the bottom is 99 mm long, the height is 200mm and the thickness is 10 mm), the tooth-drawing is made into the shape of figure 2 by engineering plastics, and the upper surface of the tooth-drawing is covered by oilcloth glue. The included angle between the right side surface of the left tooth extraction 2 and the triangular plane is 60 degrees, the included angle between the left side surface and the triangular plane is 110 degrees, a plurality of hidden teeth (the teeth can not be seen in a plan view) which face to the left end are arranged on the right side surface, and no teeth are arranged on the left side surface. The above situation is reversed for the right tooth extraction 3.

And secondly, the clamping mechanism is a clamping mechanism of a flat belt and sprocket, and other clamping mechanisms on the semi-feeding harvester can be selected (omitted here).

And thirdly, a wire saw cutter. The screw for the wire saw 8 is assembled by a wire saw for sawing by a carpenter (see figure 3). The wing nut is tightened on the bow-shaped saw handle 16. The two ends of the bow-shaped saw handle are respectively provided with a square hole which is sleeved with friction sheets 17 which are connected with the two sides of the frame 14 through screws, and the middle part of the saw handle is provided with a connecting rod 15 which is connected with a crank at the bottom of a main transmission case 18. Because the crops are cut under the clamping of the clamping mechanism, just like manual cutting of the crops, one hand grasps the handle of the crops, and the other hand cuts the crops by the sickle saw, the principle is the same. Therefore, the cutter blockage phenomenon is avoided, the requirement for adjusting the clearance of the cutting knife is not required, the reliability is good, and the manufacturing cost and the weight are much lower. (Note)

And fourthly, harvesting process. When the machine works, the dividers are inserted into crops, and the left and right pulling teeth of the grain stroking device are successively pulled up from bottom to top under the action of the slide bars 4 to hook and hold the crops between the dividers. Since the teeth rise horizontally at an angle of 30 degrees with the chain (and the horizontal component velocity of the chain backward is equal to the forward velocity of the machine body), the teeth acting on the crops move upward only in situ for each crop. When the crops are held to a certain height (300-400 mm above the ground), a horizontal clamping chain 5 blocks the waist of the crops to clamp (the chain speed is equal to the machine speed, and the directions are opposite). When the poking teeth approach the ear, the left poking teeth and the right poking teeth extend forwards (the zigzag gaps between the poking teeth are reduced to 2 mm) due to the forced compression of the pressure rod 6, and stalks which are larger than 2mm are squashed (because the stalks are hollow), and the stalks, leaves and ear stalks pass through the gaps (because the solid bodies of the sections of the stalks are smaller than 2 mm). The hard husk protected kernel is stroked down (since it has a cross-section of more than 2mm in either dimension). The grains are conveyed to the top end along with the poking teeth. When the grain is over the grain hopper 7, the compression of the pressure rod is lost, the shifting teeth retract to the back under the action of the return spring 12, and then one end of the shifting teeth falls down due to the loss of the support of the slide rod, and grains on the shifting teeth fall into the grain hopper completely.

The crop is always threshed in situ under the grip of the gripping chain and subsequently sawed in situ by the wire saw. Finally, the straws are discharged into the field from the rear side of the machine in situ. For each crop, no significant positional shift occurs throughout the harvest process, and is therefore the most economical harvest process. Both from the energy saving point of view and from the point of view of reducing the harvest loss have a meaning that cannot be underestimated.

Of course, a key issue is whether the "stroking device" has good threshing performance (which must also be verified in practice). For this purpose, it is important that the crops held in the zigzag gap are not gathered and distributed as much as possible.

I is realized by adopting the following steps: (1) the unit generally has the workload of three rice plants (each plant has 8-15 ears which are different) every 200mm of advance, the corresponding zigzag gap length is 1000mm, the average gap length occupied by each ear is more than 20mm, (the average thickness of the straw is only 3-5 mm per ear), and therefore the working capacity of the device greatly exceeds the workload. (2) The left shifting tooth 2 is firstly shifted when forming an angle of 45 degrees with the advancing direction, and the right shifting tooth 3 is shifted when being vertical to the advancing direction, as the two standing grains on the edge of the divider are inclined forward, the shifting tooth firstly hooks the middle one, then the left one, and finally the right one, so that the three standing grains which are transversely arranged are staggered. (3) At the moment, the straws are mostly concentrated at two ends of the shifting teeth (close to the chain), and two round steels 19 are arranged below the shifting teeth to form an inverted V-shaped clamping chain inlet. The straws at the two ends of the poking teeth gradually get close to the middle under the action of the round steel, and are hung by the hidden teeth 13 on the side surfaces of the poking teeth in the process of getting close, so that the aim of further uniformly dividing is fulfilled. (4) Even if three or five roots gather together. When the left and right poking teeth are inserted forward, the centralized straws are displaced in opposite directions along with the poking teeth on the two sides, and the straws are loosened again.

Partially, the 'grain stroking device' is far more complex than the 'threshing cylinder', and people can declare the situation to be lagged behind. It not only plays the role of a ' threshing cylinder ', but also plays the role of a ' reel (and the quality is reliable), plays the roles of a grain screw feeder and a winnower (avoiding blockage and broken grain phenomena), and because the sundries in the threshing materials are very little (the quality is better when wet threshing), the threshing device also has the role of a ' separating and cleaning device ' (avoiding entrainment loss and blockage), therefore, the transmission mechanism is greatly simplified, the wire saw is far simpler than a reciprocating cutter (avoiding blockage), and the wire saw is not provided with a transverse and longitudinal multi-stage conveying mechanism (only a longitudinal clamping mechanism) and is not easy to cause conveying blockage. The product is really cheap and good, and the progress of the product is undeniable from the overall view of the problems.

Description of the drawings:

1. a divider 2, a left shifting tooth 3, a right shifting tooth 4, a slide bar 5 and a clamping chain

6. A pressure bar 7, a grain bucket 8, a wire saw 9, a hanging chain piece 10 and a hanging spindle

11. Hanging and connecting rod 12, return spring 13, hidden tooth 14 and frame

15. Connecting rod 16, bow-shaped saw handle 17, friction sheet 18 and main transmission case

19. Round steel

Claims (4)

1. A "direct threshing in the field" combine harvester (abbreviated as "grain stroker") for harvesting rice. Its main feature is that a pair (or several pairs, depending on the size of the model) is equipped with a pair of Grain smoothing device of the "lifting mechanism" of the baler. 2. A "grain-smoothing stalk cutter" as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that its "smooth-smoothing device" is closed by two upward-sloping (at an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal) and densely equipped with triangular teeth. Composition of roller chains. Relative to the distance between the two chains of 250mm, there is a hanging chain piece 9 every 100mm on the chain (see Figure 2), the chain pitch is 12.5mm, and the hanging joint "can rotate around the hanging shaft 10, and can be stretched along the hanging rod 11." ”The triangular shifting tooth. The left and right shifting teeth are interlaced with each other. Many "zigzag" gaps are formed. Dial tooth is an isosceles triangle (length 99 at the bottom, height 200, thick 10mm), is made into accompanying drawing 2 shape with engineering plastics, is covered with tarpaulin glue above. The angle between the right side of the left shifting tooth 2 and the triangular plane is 60 degrees, and the angle between the left side and the triangular plane is 110 degrees. ), without teeth on the left side. The above-mentioned situation of right shifting tooth 3 is just the opposite. 3. A "grain stalk cutter" for harvesting rice, the main feature of which is that the crops are sawed by a "wire saw" (or a disc cutter) under the clamping mechanism. 4. A "wire saw cutting device" as described in claim 3, which is assembled from a "wire saw" used by carpenters for sawing wood (see accompanying drawing 3). It is fastened on the bow saw handle 16 with screws and butterfly nuts. The two ends of the bow saw handle are respectively provided with a square hole and screwed to connect the friction plates 17 on both sides of the frame 14. There is a connecting rod 15 in the middle of the saw handle 16. Main drive box 18 bottom cranks are connected.

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