CN222279816U - Novel osmometer - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel osmometer comprises a solar cell panel, a storage battery, a pressure sensor, a shell, an electric push rod, a guide tube and a humidity resistor, and is further provided with a humidity detection circuit and a data transmission circuit, wherein the solar cell panel is arranged outside the upper end of the shell, the shell is provided with an opening, the upper part of the electric push rod is arranged in the opening, the lower part of the electric push rod is arranged outside the lower end of the shell, the upper end of the guide tube is arranged on the lower part of the electric push rod, a conical guide rod is arranged at the lower end of the guide tube, two openings are arranged at the lower end of the guide tube, and the pressure sensor and the humidity resistor are arranged at the lower end in the guide tube. The novel soil moisture and pressure data remote control system saves construction and use costs, can control the detection heads to be located in soil at different depths to detect pressure and moisture data, is more comprehensive in detected data, can remotely transmit the detected soil moisture and pressure data in a wireless mode, and remote related personnel can intuitively grasp related data.

Description

Novel osmometer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of measuring equipment, in particular to a novel osmometer.

Background

An osmometer is a device that can measure soil moisture by measuring the moisture pressure inside the soil to determine the moisture condition of the soil. The basic principle of the osmometer is that the water pressure is transmitted to the pressure chamber of the instrument by using a longer osmosis rod, and then the water pressure is converted into an electric signal by a pressure sensor, and finally the corresponding value is displayed.

Although the existing osmometer meets the detection requirement to a certain extent, the structure is limited, and the following technical problems still exist to be solved. Firstly, only the moisture in the soil with a fixed depth can be detected after the installation, and the defect of relatively single detection data exists. Secondly, the external power supply is needed to supply power or the storage battery is used for supplying power, the power supply circuit is supplied and erected to bring inconvenience to actual installation, the construction and use cost is correspondingly increased, and the storage battery charging mode has the defect of inconvenient use because the storage battery is required to be charged by staff. Thirdly, the detected data can be known only by related staff on site, so that inconvenience is brought to the related staff, and the detection cost is correspondingly increased. In summary, it is very necessary to provide an osmometer that can detect moisture and pressure data at different depths in soil, does not require a circuit or a battery to charge and supply power, and can remotely transmit the detection data in a wireless manner.

Disclosure of utility model

In order to overcome the defects of the prior osmometer as described in the background due to the limitation of the structure, the utility model provides a novel osmometer which is powered by a solar cell panel under the combined action of related mechanisms, saves construction and use costs, enables staff to control the probe to be positioned at different depths in soil according to needs to detect pressure and moisture data, enables detected data to be more comprehensive, enables remote transmission of the detected data in a wireless mode, enables remote related staff to intuitively grasp related data through the prior mature data transceiving and display technology of the Internet of things, and brings convenience to related staff and saves detection cost.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the novel osmometer is characterized by comprising a solar cell panel, a storage battery, a pressure sensor, a shell, an electric push rod, a guide tube and a humidity sensor, and further comprising a humidity detection circuit and a data transmission circuit, wherein the solar cell panel is arranged outside the upper end of the shell, the shell is provided with an opening, the upper part of the electric push rod is arranged in the opening, the lower part of the electric push rod is arranged outside the lower end of the shell, the upper end of the guide tube is arranged on the lower part of the electric push rod, a conical guide rod is arranged at the lower end of the guide tube, two openings are arranged at the lower end of the guide tube, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the guide tube, detection surfaces of the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively positioned in the two openings, the storage battery, the humidity detection circuit and the data transmission circuit are respectively and electrically connected with two signal input ends of the humidity detection circuit and two signal input ends of the data transmission circuit respectively.

Further, the fixing pipes are respectively arranged outside the periphery of the shell, the shell is matched with a plurality of fixing rods, the fixing rods respectively penetrate through the fixing pipes and are inserted into the soil of the detection area, and the guide pipes and the lower parts of the guide rods are positioned under the soil.

Further, the support plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end of the shell, and the balancing weights are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the support plates.

Further, the humidity detection circuit comprises a resistor and an operational amplifier which are electrically connected, wherein the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the first resistor, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the third resistor and one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor are connected with the negative power supply input end of the operational amplifier.

Further, the data transmission circuit comprises a single chip microcomputer module, a GPRS module and a resistor, wherein the two ends of the power input of the single chip microcomputer module and the two ends of the power input of the GPRS module are respectively connected, the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer module is connected with the signal input end of the GPRS module, and one end of the resistor is connected with the first path of signal input end of the single chip microcomputer module.

Compared with the prior art, the intelligent remote control system has the beneficial effects that (1) the intelligent remote control system is powered by the solar panel and the storage battery cooperatively, so that construction and use costs are saved, workers can operate through a simple power switch according to needs, control the detection heads to be located in soil at different depths to detect pressure and moisture data, detected data are more comprehensive (single detection pressure data are influenced by acting force exerted by other objects such as the ground, pressure in the soil cannot truly reflect soil humidity data, moisture and pressure data are detected at the same time, and the data are more comprehensive), a data sending circuit can remotely transmit the detected soil moisture (humidity) and pressure data in a wireless mode, remote related personnel can intuitively grasp related data through the mature internet of things data receiving and displaying technology, convenience is brought to related personnel, and detection cost is saved.

Drawings

The utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The novel osmometer comprises solar panels G1, a storage battery G2, a power switch S, a pressure sensor A1, a hollow shell 1, an electric push rod M, a guide tube 2 and a humidity resistor RP, a humidity detection circuit 3 and a data transmission circuit 4, wherein two solar panels G1 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side outside the upper end of the shell 1 through bolts, an opening is formed in the middle of the shell 1, the outer side of a cylinder body of the electric push rod M is vertically welded in the opening and a push column of the electric push rod M is positioned outside the lower end of the shell 1, the upper end of the hollow guide tube 2 is welded at the lower end of the push column, a conical guide rod 5 is welded at the lower end of the guide tube 2, the lower end of the guide tube 2 is provided with two openings 21 at a certain distance up and down, the outer sides of the pressure sensor A1 and the humidity resistor RP are respectively glued in the two openings, wires connected with the pressure sensor A1 and the humidity resistor RP are led out of the upper end of the guide tube through the opening on the right side of the upper end of the guide tube 2 (the opening is sealed by sealant), and the electric push rod S and the humidity sensor RP is arranged in the shell 1 and the data transmission circuit 4. The stress surface of the pressure sensor A1 and the detection surface of the humidity resistor RP are positioned outside the opening and are positioned on the same plane with the outside of the guide pipe.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fixing tube 6 is vertically welded outside the periphery of the casing, four fixing rods 9 are matched with the casing, the four fixing rods 9 respectively penetrate through the four fixing tubes 6 and are inserted under the soil of the detection area (the equipment is conveniently installed in the relevant soil detection area), and the guide tube 2 and the guide rod 5 are positioned under the soil. The two sides of the lower end of the shell are respectively welded with a supporting plate 7, and the upper ends of the supporting plates are respectively provided with a balancing weight 8 (preventing the push rod of the electric push rod M from pushing the guide tube 2 and the guide rod 5 to descend, and the reverse acting force affects the descending of the guide tube 2 and the guide rod 5). The humidity detection circuit comprises resistors R2, R3, R4 and R5 which are connected through wiring of a circuit board, an operational amplifier A2, wherein a pin 3 of an in-phase input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with one end of a first resistor R2, a pin 2 of an opposite-phase input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with one end of a second resistor R3 and one end of a third resistor R4, a pin 1 of an output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the other end of the third resistor R4 and one end of a fourth resistor R5, and the other end of the first resistor R2 and the other end of the second resistor R3 are connected with a pin 11 of a negative power supply input end of the operational amplifier A2. The data transmission circuit comprises a singlechip module A3, a GPRS module A4 and a resistor R1, wherein the two ends 1 and 2 pins of the power input of the singlechip module A4 and the GPRS module A4 are respectively connected, the signal output end of the singlechip module A3 is connected with the signal input end of the GPRS module A4, and one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the 3 pin of the first path of signal input end of the singlechip module A3.

In the figures 1 and 2, two solar panels G1 and a storage battery G2 are respectively connected with two poles of a pressure sensor A1 through leads, two pins 1 and 2 of a power input end operational amplifier A2 of a humidity detection circuit, two pins 4 and 11 of a data transmission circuit, two pins 1 and 2 of a power input end singlechip module A3 of a power switch S through leads, two pins 4 and 3 of the operational amplifier A2 of the humidity detection circuit are respectively connected with two ends of a humidity sensitive resistor RP through leads, a pin 3 of a signal output end of the pressure sensor A1 is connected with the other end of a resistor R1 through leads, and the other end of a resistor R5 is connected with a second path signal input end 4 of the singlechip module A3 through leads. The power output ends 3, 4 feet, 5 and 6 feet of the power switch S and the positive and negative power input ends of the electric push rod M are respectively connected through wires.

The invention is mainly used in places with certain softness of soil (such as farmland soil), when in installation, the guide pipe 2 and the guide rod 5 are inserted under the soil, then the four fixing rods 9 are respectively inserted under the soil of the detection area through the four fixing pipes 6, the upper ends of the supporting plates 7 are respectively provided with a balancing weight 8 at the two sides of the lower end of the shell, and thus the novel device can be arranged in the corresponding detection area for detection. In ordinary times, two solar cell panels G1 receive the illumination to produce the electric energy and charge for battery G2, so, this novel can also normal use in overcast and rainy day and evening, and because through solar cell panel, battery cooperation power supply, has saved construction and use cost. After a worker dials the handle of the power switch S leftwards or rightwards, the 1 pin, the 2 pin, the 3 pin, the 4 pin or the 5 pin and the 6 pin of the power switch S are respectively communicated, and then the positive electrode power input end and the negative electrode power input end of the electric push rod M can be powered. The push column of the electric push rod M pushes the guide tube 2 and the guide rod 5 to push to the lower end in the soil after the positive and negative power input ends of the electric push rod M are powered on, the corresponding pressure sensor, the humidity resistor and the like can detect the humidity and pressure data in the soil with corresponding depth, the push column of the electric push rod M drives the guide tube 2 and the guide rod 5 to push to the upper end in the soil after the negative and positive power input ends of the electric push rod M are powered on, and the corresponding pressure sensor, the humidity resistor and the like can detect the humidity and pressure data in the soil with corresponding shallow depth. In practical situations, when the pressure in the soil becomes larger or the pressure becomes smaller due to excessive moisture, the 3 pin of the pressure sensor A1 outputs a relatively large or small voltage signal, and the voltage is reduced by the resistor R1 to limit the current, so that the voltage enters the 3 pin of the first path signal input end of the singlechip module A3 (the larger the pressure is, the larger the signal voltage is, and the smaller the contrary is).

In fig. 1 and 2, when the humidity-sensitive resistor RP is located in the soil, the resistance value is small, the voltage division between the resistor R2 is small, the voltage of the 3-pin signal entering the operational amplifier A2 is relatively large, the resistance value is large, the voltage division between the resistor R2 is large, the voltage of the 3-pin signal entering the operational amplifier A2 is relatively small when the soil humidity is small, the weak voltage signal is amplified 1001 times in phase by the operational amplifier A2, then the voltage is reduced by the resistor R5, the current is limited, the signal voltage entering the second-path signal input end 4 pin of the single chip microcomputer module A3 (the larger the humidity is, the smaller the opposite is), meanwhile, the voltage division of the signal output by the operational amplifier is fed back to the inverted input end 2 pin of the operational amplifier A2 through the resistors R3 and R4, and part of the output signal is fed back to the input end in opposite phase, compared and corrected with the input signal, and the gain, noise suppression, linearity improvement and the expansion frequency band completion are acted on stabilizing the gain of the electrical amplifier circuit, and the 4-pin voltage signal output to the single chip microcomputer module A3. After the dynamic change voltage signal output by the pressure sensor, the humidity detection circuit and the humidity sensitive resistor under the synergistic effect enters the signal input end of the singlechip module A3, the singlechip module A3 converts the input analog voltage signal into a digital signal, and then the digital signal is remotely transmitted in a wireless mode through the GPRS module A4. After receiving the displayed data through the smart phone or PC application, remote related personnel can know the related data through the screen in time. It should be noted that, the single-chip microcomputer module collects one or multiple analog voltage signals output by the sensor (such as the pressure sensor), then converts the signals into digital signals, and the digital signals are transmitted remotely through the GPRS module, and the remote mobile phone, the PC and the like receive and display data, which is a very mature technology for detecting, transmitting, receiving and displaying data of the internet of things.

Through the combined action of all mechanisms, the application can control the detection heads to be positioned in different depths of soil for pressure and moisture data detection, the detected data is more comprehensive, remote related personnel can intuitively grasp related data through the existing mature data transceiving and display technology of the Internet of things, thereby bringing convenience to related personnel and saving detection cost. The storage battery G1 is a lithium storage battery with the model of 12V/10Ah, the resistances of the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are respectively 1K, 10K, 5.1K and 10K, the model of the operational amplifier A2 is LM324N, the solar panel G1 is a solar panel finished product with the power of 5W and 12W, the humidity sensitive resistor RP is a humidity sensitive resistor finished product with the model of HR202L, the GPRS module A4 is a GPRS module finished product (with an RS485 data input port) with the model of ZLAN8100, the singlechip module A3 is a singlechip module finished product with the model of STC12C5A60S2, two groups of analog signal access ends are arranged on the singlechip module finished product A3, and the RS485 data output port, and the pressure sensor A1 is a micro-signal pressure sensor finished product with the model of ZNHM-I and two power supply input ends and one signal output end.

While the fundamental and principal features of the utility model and advantages of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the utility model is limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and that the utility model may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, the embodiments do not include only a single embodiment, and this description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should consider the disclosure as a whole, and embodiments may be suitably combined to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The novel osmometer is characterized by comprising a solar cell panel, a storage battery, a pressure sensor, a shell, an electric push rod, a guide tube and a humidity sensor, and further comprising a humidity detection circuit and a data transmission circuit, wherein the solar cell panel is arranged outside the upper end of the shell, the shell is provided with an opening, the upper part of the electric push rod is arranged in the opening, the lower part of the electric push rod is arranged outside the lower end of the shell, the upper end of the guide tube is arranged on the lower part of the electric push rod, a conical guide rod is arranged at the lower end of the guide tube, two openings are arranged at the lower end of the guide tube, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the guide tube, detection surfaces of the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively positioned in the two openings, the storage battery, the humidity detection circuit and the data transmission circuit are respectively and electrically connected with two signal input ends of the humidity detection circuit and two signal input ends of the data transmission circuit respectively.

2. A novel osmometer according to claim 1 wherein the housing is provided with a plurality of mounting posts on the periphery thereof, the plurality of mounting posts being disposed in the housing and being inserted into the soil of the test area through the plurality of mounting posts, respectively, and the guide tube and the guide post being disposed below the soil.

3. The osmometer of claim 1, wherein support plates are mounted on two sides of the lower end of the housing, and weights are mounted on the upper ends of the support plates.

4. The novel osmometer of claim 1, wherein the humidity detection circuit comprises an electrically connected resistor and an operational amplifier, wherein the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the first resistor, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the third resistor and one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor are connected with the negative power supply input end of the operational amplifier.

5. The novel osmometer of claim 1, wherein the data transmission circuit comprises a single-chip microcomputer module, a GPRS module and a resistor, wherein two ends of a power input of the single-chip microcomputer module and two ends of a power input of the GPRS module are respectively connected, a signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer module is connected with a signal input end of the GPRS module, and one end of the resistor is connected with a first path of signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer module.