CN222051828U - Fuel cell equipment and fuel cell systems - Google Patents
Fuel cell equipment and fuel cell systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN222051828U CN222051828U CN202420530723.1U CN202420530723U CN222051828U CN 222051828 U CN222051828 U CN 222051828U CN 202420530723 U CN202420530723 U CN 202420530723U CN 222051828 U CN222051828 U CN 222051828U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- gas
- cell device
- heat exchanger
- water separator
- Prior art date
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Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及一种燃料电池设备，所述燃料电池设备包括：电堆；气水分离器，所述气水分离器用于对所述电堆的阳极排气进行气水分离；冷却装置，所述冷却装置在阳极排气流至所述气水分离器的流动路线上布置在所述气水分离器上游；其中，在所述燃料电池设备的至少一个工作状态下，阳极排气经由所述冷却装置冷却之后才到达所述气水分离器。本申请还涉及一种燃料电池系统，其包括燃料电池设备和空调系统。本申请的优点在于：通过冷却装置能高效地去除阳极排气中的水分；通过车辆的空调系统，能结构简单并且成本低地实现用于燃料电池设备的冷却装置。
The present application relates to a fuel cell device, which includes: a fuel cell stack; a gas-water separator, which is used to separate gas and water from the anode exhaust of the fuel cell stack; a cooling device, which is arranged upstream of the gas-water separator on the flow route of the anode exhaust to the gas-water separator; wherein, in at least one working state of the fuel cell device, the anode exhaust is cooled by the cooling device before reaching the gas-water separator. The present application also relates to a fuel cell system, which includes a fuel cell device and an air conditioning system. The advantages of the present application are: the water in the anode exhaust can be efficiently removed by the cooling device; and the cooling device for the fuel cell device can be realized with a simple structure and low cost through the air conditioning system of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to a fuel cell apparatus and a fuel cell system.
Background
At shutdown of the fuel cell apparatus, it is often necessary to purge the stack to drain water from within the stack, particularly at the proton exchange membrane module. Because the proton exchange membrane assembly may freeze in a low temperature environment below zero after the fuel cell apparatus is shut down if there is excessive water at the proton exchange membrane assembly, it is difficult to restart the fuel cell apparatus. Current fuel cell devices typically require a long time to complete shutdown purge.
Disclosure of utility model
The object of the present application is to provide a fuel cell apparatus that enables moisture in anode exhaust gas to be effectively removed, thereby accomplishing shutdown purge of the fuel cell apparatus particularly quickly.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell apparatus comprising:
A galvanic pile;
The gas-water separator is used for separating gas from water of anode exhaust of the electric pile;
A cooling device disposed upstream of the gas-water separator on a flow path of anode exhaust gas flow to the gas-water separator;
Wherein, in at least one operating state of the fuel cell device, the anode exhaust gas reaches the gas-water separator after being cooled via the cooling device.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the fuel cell device comprises at least one of the following features: the operating state includes a shutdown purge state of the fuel cell apparatus for discharging water in the stack at shutdown; the cooling device can be controllably activated and deactivated.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the fuel cell comprises circulation means for supplying the anode exhaust gas passing through the gas-water separator to the stack again, the circulation means being operative in the at least one state of the fuel cell apparatus; the circulation device comprises an anode circulation pump.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the fuel cell device comprises at least one of the following features:
the cooling device comprises an evaporative heat exchanger;
The fuel cell apparatus is a fuel cell apparatus for a vehicle.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the liquid cooling medium supplied to the evaporative heat exchanger is from a cooling medium circuit of an air conditioning system of the vehicle.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the fuel cell apparatus comprises an air compressor for supplying air to the stack; and in the at least one working state, the air compressor works.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the fuel cell device is a fuel cell engine.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell system comprising the aforementioned fuel cell apparatus and comprising an air conditioning system comprising an evaporative heat exchanger serving as cooling means for the fuel cell apparatus.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the air conditioning system comprises a control valve, the supply of liquid cooling medium to the evaporative heat exchanger being stopped by opening the control valve and by closing the control valve.
According to an alternative embodiment of the application, the air conditioning system comprises a further evaporative heat exchanger connected in parallel with the evaporative heat exchanger for cooling the cabin of the vehicle.
The application has the positive effects that: the water in the anode exhaust can be efficiently removed by the cooling device; by means of the air conditioning system of the vehicle, a cooling device for the fuel cell system can be realized in a simple and cost-effective manner.
Drawings
The principles, features and advantages of the present application may be better understood by describing the present application in more detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings include:
fig. 1 schematically shows an example of a fuel cell apparatus of the present application.
Fig. 2 schematically shows an example of the relationship between the saturated vapor pressure and the temperature of water vapor.
Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of the fuel cell system of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects to be solved by the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and a plurality of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Fig. 1 schematically shows an example of a fuel cell apparatus of the present application. The fuel cell device may be the fuel cell itself or may be a device integrated with the fuel cell, such as a fuel cell engine. The fuel cell device is especially for a vehicle.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell apparatus includes:
A galvanic pile 1;
a gas-water separator 3, wherein the gas-water separator 3 is used for separating gas from water of anode exhaust gas of the electric pile 1;
A cooling device 2, said cooling device 2 being arranged upstream of said gas-water separator 3 on the flow path of the anode exhaust gas flow to said gas-water separator 3;
Wherein, in at least one operating state of the fuel cell device, the anode exhaust gas reaches the gas-water separator 3 after being cooled via the cooling device 2.
To illustrate the principles of the present application, fig. 2 schematically shows one example of the relationship between saturated vapor pressure and temperature of water vapor. As can be seen from fig. 2, the lower the temperature, the lower the saturated vapor pressure of water vapor. Thus, at lower temperatures, the water vapor in the anode exhaust gas becomes more liquid water because it is easier to reach saturated vapor pressure.
By the fuel cell apparatus of the present application, water vapor in the anode off-gas can be converted into liquid water more and separated by the gas-water separator 3, whereby the moisture contained in the anode off-gas after passing through the gas-water separator 3 is small.
In fig. 1, for convenience, a stack 1 is schematically divided into an anode 11 and a cathode 12.
In fig. 1, a drain valve 31 and a drain valve 32 are also provided downstream of the gas-water separator 3, respectively, for draining the liquid and the gas in the gas-water separator 3, respectively, by way of example.
In fig. 1, a stack cooling circuit for a stack 1 is also shown by way of example. The stack 1 has a stack cooling interface 7. The cooling medium, for example cooling water, in the stack cooling circuit flows into the stack 1 via the inlet of the stack cooling interface 7 and flows out of the stack 1 via the outlet of the stack cooling interface 7. The outgoing cooling medium passes through a pressure and temperature sensor 71 to measure temperature and pressure. The cooling medium then flows to the three-way valve 72. The first path of the three-way valve 72 is directly connected to the water pump 75, while the second path is connected to the water pump 75 via the fan cooler 73 and the first temperature sensor 74. The first path may be opened when the fuel cell apparatus is started to operate because the temperature of the stack 1 is low at this time, and the second path may be opened after the fuel cell apparatus is operated for a while to cool the cooling medium by the fan cooler 73. A second temperature sensor 76 may also be provided downstream of the water pump 75.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the operation state includes a shutdown purge state of the fuel cell apparatus for discharging water in the stack 1 at shutdown. At shutdown of the fuel cell apparatus, it is often necessary to purge the stack 1 to drain water from within the stack 1, particularly at the proton exchange membrane modules. Because the proton exchange membrane assembly may freeze in a low temperature environment below zero after the fuel cell apparatus is shut down if there is excessive water at the proton exchange membrane assembly, it is difficult to restart the fuel cell apparatus. By cooling the anode off-gas before passing through the gas-water separator 3 in the shutdown purge state, the moisture in the anode off-gas can be reduced more effectively in the shutdown purge state.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the fuel cell comprises circulation means for supplying the anode exhaust gas passing through the gas-water separator 3 to the stack 1 again, the circulation means being operated in the at least one state of the fuel cell apparatus. In this way, the anode off-gas after effectively removing water by means of the cooling device 2 and the gas-water separator 3 is supplied again to the stack 1 for shutdown purging when needed, for example, in a shutdown purging state, so that the shutdown purging can be completed more quickly in particular.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the circulation device comprises an anode circulation pump 4. The circulation device may also comprise, for example, an anode injector 5 for adjusting the pressure. As shown in fig. 1, the anode exhaust gas in the form of a gas after removal of liquid water by the gas-water separator 3 is supplied again to the inlet of the anode 11, for example, via the anode circulation pump 4 and the anode injector 5.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the fuel cell device comprises an air compressor 6 for supplying air to the stack 1, in particular to the cathode 12. In the at least one operating state, in particular in the off-purging state, the air compressor 6 is operated, i.e. continuously supplied with compressed air, in particular for purging the cathode circuit of the galvanic pile 1.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the cooling device 2 can be activated and deactivated in a controlled manner. This makes it possible to cool the anode off-gas only when needed, for example, in a shutdown purge state. While the cooling device 2 may be deactivated during normal operation of the fuel cell apparatus to prevent an influence on the energy efficiency of the fuel cell apparatus.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the cooling device 2 includes an evaporative heat exchanger 84 (see fig. 3). On the one hand, the evaporative heat exchanger 84 can be cooled effectively, and on the other hand, the liquid coolant can be supplied to the evaporative heat exchanger 84 via the coolant circuit of the air conditioning system of the vehicle, so that the construction is simple and the cost is low. It is however also conceivable to use any other form of cooling device 2.
Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of the fuel cell system of the present application.
The fuel cell system includes the aforementioned fuel cell apparatus and includes an air conditioning system including an evaporative heat exchanger 84, the evaporative heat exchanger 84 serving as the cooling device 2 of the fuel cell apparatus.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the air conditioning system includes a control valve 83, the liquid cooling medium is supplied to the evaporative heat exchanger 84 by opening the control valve 83, and the supply of the liquid cooling medium to the evaporative heat exchanger 84 is stopped by closing the control valve 83.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the air conditioning system comprises, as shown in fig. 3, a further evaporative heat exchanger 86 connected in parallel with the evaporative heat exchanger 84 for cooling the cabin of the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 3, the air conditioning system further includes an air conditioning compressor 80, a condenser 81, and an expansion valve 82, for example. The expansion valve 82 is connected to the air conditioning compressor 80 via two cooling branches. The first branch is provided with the control valve 83 and the evaporative heat exchanger 84, while the second branch is provided with a further control valve 85 and the further evaporative heat exchanger 86. The working principle of the air conditioning system is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described herein.
Although specific embodiments of the application have been described in detail herein, they are presented for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. Various substitutions, alterations, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
List of reference numerals
1. Electric pile
11. Anode
12. Cathode electrode
2. Cooling device
3. Gas-water separator
31. Drain valve
32. Exhaust valve
4. Anode circulating pump
5. Anode injector
6. Air compressor
70. Pile cooling interface
71. Pressure and temperature sensor
72. Three-way valve
73. Fan cooler
74. First temperature sensor
75. Water pump
76. Second temperature sensor
80. Air conditioner compressor
81. Condenser
82. Expansion valve
83. Control valve
84. Evaporation type heat exchanger
85. Another control valve
86. Another evaporative heat exchanger
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202420530723.1U CN222051828U (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Fuel cell equipment and fuel cell systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202420530723.1U CN222051828U (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Fuel cell equipment and fuel cell systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN222051828U true CN222051828U (en) | 2024-11-22 |
Family
ID=93503500
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202420530723.1U Active CN222051828U (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Fuel cell equipment and fuel cell systems |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN222051828U (en) |
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2024
- 2024-03-19 CN CN202420530723.1U patent/CN222051828U/en active Active
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