CN219349132U - omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array - Google Patents

Abstract

An omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array relates to the technical field of acoustic sensors. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array comprises a transmitting transducer array, a receiving and transmitting combined transducer array, a structural member and an acoustic-transmitting sealing glue member; the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array are both connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member; the receiving transducer array is arranged above and/or below the transmitting transducer array along the axial direction of the structural member; the receiving-transmitting combined transducer array is connected to the bottom of the structural member; the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array adopt middle-low frequency working frequencies; the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array adopts middle-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency; the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece is connected with the structural piece, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array are respectively positioned in the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece. The utility model provides an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array, which aims to solve the technical problem that the long-distance omnidirectional target detection and the high-precision imaging of a close target cannot be simultaneously considered in the prior art.

Description

omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of acoustic sensors, in particular to an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array.

Background technique

The underwater acoustic transducer can realize the mutual conversion of electric energy and sound energy, and is the main component of sonar detection equipment. After applying a certain voltage, the transducer emits detection sound waves into the water, receives the echo reflected by the detection target, and converts it into a weak echo electrical signal, and then obtains the distance, orientation, nature and other information of the target through signal processing. With the rapid development of the development and utilization of marine fishery resources, high-performance underwater acoustic transducers play an increasingly important role in the convenience and pertinence of fish detection.

The underwater acoustic transducer for fish detection usually adopts the working principle of radial mode, thickness mode or 33 mode. Limited by the thickness of the ceramic polarization direction, the working frequency of the thickness mode and 33 mode transducers is usually high, and the detection distance is short, which is difficult to be used for long-distance target detection. In order to obtain a lower operating frequency, a radial mode can be used, but this will narrow the beam width and limit the detection range; or use a composite rod type or ceramic stack, but this will make it larger in size and weight, The structure is complex and the reliability is reduced.

In addition, omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer arrays dedicated to fish detection are relatively rare. In recent years, patents with publication numbers CN202332264U (named "an integrated underwater acoustic transducer array") and CN204360773U (named "a miniaturized combined underwater acoustic transducer array") have disclosed a A combined underwater acoustic transducer matrix with a wide detection range, but this structure still cannot achieve all-round detection, and the detection frequency is high, the detection distance is limited, and it is difficult to be used for long-distance target detection.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array to solve the technical problem in the prior art that both long-distance and omnidirectional target detection and short-distance target high-precision imaging cannot be taken into account at the same time.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

An omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array, comprising a transmitting transducer array, a receiving transducer array, a transceiver array, a structural part and a sound-transmitting sealant;

Both the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array are connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member; and along the axial direction of the structural member, the receiving transducer array is arranged on the transmitting transducer array above and/or below the array;

The transceiver array is connected to the bottom of the structure;

The transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array adopt medium and low frequency operating frequencies; the transmitting and receiving transducer arrays adopt medium and high frequency or multi-frequency operating frequencies;

The sound-transmitting sealant is connected to the structural member, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array, and the transceiving and displacing transducer array are respectively sealed in the sound-transmitting sealant ;

The acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array, and the transceiving and displacing transducer array can be respectively transmitted to the outside of the sound-transmitting sealant.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, there are multiple transmitting transducer arrays; multiple transmitting transducer arrays are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the structural member;

Along the axial direction of the structure, each of the transmitting transducer arrays includes one or more transmitting transducers, and the number of transmitting transducers is determined by the operating frequency and orientation accuracy of the transmitting transducers.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, a plurality of transmitting transducer arrays are arranged on the structural member at equal intervals in the circumferential direction;

The transmitting transducer array is a linear array;

Along the axial direction of the structural member, a plurality of the emitting transducers are arranged in alignment;

The transmitting transducer adopts piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 31 working modes, or the transmitting transducer adopts piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 32 working modes.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the number of the receiving transducer arrays is one or more; when the number of the receiving transducer arrays is multiple, a plurality of the receiving transducer arrays arranged in the axial direction of the structural member;

Along the circumferential direction of the structure, each of the receiving transducer arrays includes a plurality of receiving transducers, and the number of the receiving transducers is determined by the operating frequency and orientation accuracy of the receiving transducers.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, a plurality of the receiving transducers are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the structural member;

The receiving transducer array is a circular array.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the receiving transducers of two adjacent receiving transducer arrays are arranged alternately;

The receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 31 working modes, or the receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 32 working modes.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, along the circumferential direction of the structural member, the number of the receiving transducers in a single receiving transducer array is determined by the operating frequency and orientation accuracy of the receiving transducers Determined, generally greater than the number of the transmitting transducer array; along the axial direction of the structural member, the number of the receiving transducer array is generally smaller than the transmitting transducer of a single transmitting transducer array quantity;

At least part of the receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member, or at least part of the receiving transducers are inclined downward.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, all the receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member;

Alternatively, all the receiving transducers are inclined downward at the same angle.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the transceiver array includes one or more transceivers;

The working frequency of the transceiving and displacing transducer is one or a combination of medium-high frequency, medium-frequency and medium-low frequency.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the structural member is made of rigid material;

Sensors are arranged inside the structure; the sensors include but are not limited to one or more of temperature sensors, salinity sensors and pressure sensors.

In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the sound-transmitting sealant has good sound-permeability, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the transmitting and receiving transducers are The array is wrapped and sealed to prevent water seepage.

The beneficial effects of the utility model mainly lie in:

The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the utility model adopts medium and low-frequency acoustic transducer arrays through the transmitting transducer array and receiving transducer array arranged in the circumferential direction of the structural member. The working frequency can realize circumferential all-round long-distance transmission and circumferential long-distance echo signal reception, and then can realize long-distance and all-round target detection, such as long-distance positioning of fish schools and designated targets for fishing boats direction. By setting the transceiver array at the bottom of the structure, and the transceiver array adopts medium-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency, close-range high-precision imaging can be realized, for example, it can be used for high-precision imaging in close-range fishing . To sum up, the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array, through the combination of transmitting transducer array, receiving transducer array and transmitting and receiving transducer array, can not only realize long-distance and omnidirectional target detection, but also realize short-range High-precision imaging of distance targets.

In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments will be described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first internal structure of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second internal structure of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the third internal structure of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth internal structure of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fifth internal structure of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Icons: 1-transmitting transducer array; 11-transmitting vertical beam angle and scanning range; 2-receiving transducer array; 21-receiving vertical beam angle; 3-transmitting and displacing transducer array; 31-medium and high frequency Beam angle; 32-medium frequency beam angle; 33-medium and low frequency beam angle; 4-structural parts; 5-sound-permeable sealant.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described The embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that is usually placed when the product of the utility model is used. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than Any indication or implication that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection , can also be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, and can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in specific situations.

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail. In the case of no conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Example

This embodiment provides an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array. Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, Fig. 1-Fig. 5 are five kinds of internal structural schematic diagrams of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by this embodiment, and the sound-permeable sealant is not shown in the figure; Among them, Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array shown in Fig. 5, its receiving transducer array is positioned at the top of the transmitting transducer array; the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, its receiving transducer array The transducer array is located below the transmitting transducer array; the receiving transducers shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member, and the receiving transducers shown in Figure 3-Figure 5 are arranged obliquely downward, as shown in Fig. 5 also shows the structure of the transceiver array. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by this embodiment is used for fish detection and the like. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array includes a transmitting transducer array 1, a receiving transducer array 2, a transmitting and receiving transducer array 3, a structural part 4 and a sound-transmitting sealant 5; The transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transmitting and receiving transducer array 3 provide support.

The sound-transmitting sealant 5 is connected to the structural member 4, and the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transmitting and receiving transducer array 3 are respectively sealed in the sound-transmitting sealant 5; for example, the sound-transmitting sealing The glue part 5 wraps and seals the transmitting transducer array 1 , the receiving transducer array 2 and the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 .

The acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 can be respectively transmitted to the outside of the sound-transmitting sealant 5, so that the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array Array 2 and transceiver array 3 can work normally. That is to say, the sound-permeable sealant 5 has good sound-permeability, and can respectively transmit the acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array 1 , the receiving transducer array 2 and the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 . By sealing the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transmitting and receiving transducer array 3 in the sound-transmitting sealant 5, water can be effectively prevented from penetrating into the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer In the array 2 and the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3, the acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 can be guaranteed to pass through normally.

Both the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 are connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4; and along the axial direction of the structural member 4, the receiving transducer array 2 is arranged above the emitting transducer array 1 and/or or below; that is, along the axial direction of the structural member 4, the receiving transducer array 2 is arranged above or below the emitting transducer array 1, or the receiving transducer array 2 is arranged above and below the emitting transducer array 1 below. It can be understood that when there are multiple receiving transducer arrays 2 , the multiple receiving transducer arrays 2 are arranged above, in the middle or below the transmitting transducer array 1 .

The transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 is connected to the bottom of the structural member 4; so that the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 monitors fish schools at the bottom of the ship.

Transmitting transducer array 1 and receiving transducer array 2 adopt medium and low frequency working frequency; through transmitting transducer array 1 adopting medium and low frequency working frequency, it can realize circumferential omnidirectional long-distance transmission; through receiving transducer Array 2 adopts medium and low frequency working frequency, which can realize circumferential long-distance echo signal reception.

The transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 adopts medium-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency. By adopting the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 with medium-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency, close-range high-precision imaging can be realized. Optionally, multi-frequency refers to a combination of two or three of mid-high frequency, mid-frequency, and mid-low frequency.

When the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is installed on the bottom of the fishing boat, the combination of the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 can be used to locate the fish school at a long distance and specify the target direction for the fishing boat; The displacement energy array 3 can realize high-precision imaging during close-distance fishing.

The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array described in this embodiment passes through the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 arranged in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4, and the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array Array 2 adopts medium and low frequency working frequency, which can realize circumferential omnidirectional long-distance transmission and circumferential long-distance echo signal reception, and then can realize long-distance omnidirectional target detection, such as long-distance detection of fish schools Positioning, specify the target direction for the fishing boat. Through the transceiver array 3 arranged at the bottom of the structural member 4, and the transceiver array 3 adopts a medium-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency, close-range high-precision imaging can be realized, for example, it can be used for close-range fishing. High-precision imaging. In summary, the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array, through the combination of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transmitting and receiving combined displacement transducer array 3, can not only realize long-distance omnidirectional target detection, but also It can realize high-precision imaging of close-range targets.

In the prior art, limited by the thickness of the ceramic polarization direction, the working frequency of the thickness mode and 33 mode transducers is usually high, and the detection distance is relatively short, which is difficult to be used for long-distance target detection. Radial mode transducers have narrow beamwidths and limited detection range. Composite rod-type or ceramic stacked transducers have defects such as complex structure and poor long-term usability. The underwater acoustic transducer arrays disclosed in CN202332264U and CN204360773U cannot realize omnidirectional detection, and the detection frequency is relatively high, and the detection distance is limited. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array described in this embodiment adopts medium and low frequency working frequency through transmitting transducer array 1 and receiving transducer array 2, and adopts medium and high frequency or multi-frequency for transmitting and receiving combined displacement transducer array 3 The working frequency can not only realize long-distance and omni-directional target detection, but also realize high-precision imaging of short-range targets.

Referring to FIGS. 1-5 , in an alternative solution of this embodiment, there are multiple transmitting transducer arrays 1 ; multiple transmitting transducer arrays 1 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4 .

Optionally, multiple emitting transducer arrays 1 are arranged on the structural member 4 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; that is, the plurality of emitting transducer arrays 1 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference.

In an alternative solution of this embodiment, along the axial direction of the structural member 4 , each transmitting transducer array 1 includes one or more transmitting transducers. In this embodiment, the number of transmitting transducers is determined by factors such as the operating frequency and orientation accuracy of the transmitting transducers.

Optionally, along the axial direction of the structural member 4, a plurality of emitting transducers are arranged in alignment; by aligning a plurality of emitting transducers, it is convenient for calculation.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the transmitting transducer array 1 is a linear array, or other arrays.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 31 working modes are used for the transmitting transducer. 31 working mode of the piezoelectric material, the direction of its vibration is perpendicular to the electric field. Figures 1-4 briefly illustrate the vertical beam angle and scanning range 11 for emission.

Under the condition of satisfying the limited thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric ceramic of the 31 working mode can realize the transmission of medium and low frequencies, and has a large beam width at the same time. The transmitting transducer array 1 can realize high-precision scanning by adjusting the phased array. For example, when two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramics with a size of 31mm ^L × 12.5mm ^W × 10mm ^T are used side by side as a transmitting transducer (the transmitting surface is 2 × 12.5mm ^W × 10mm ^T ), its operating frequency About 50kHz, 3dB beam width is 60°×146°. When 12 transmitting transducers are used to form a linear transmitting transducer array 1 , the beam width thereof is 60°×12°. When 6-8 transmitting transducer arrays 1 are used to distribute equidistantly along the circumference, the multiple transmitting transducer arrays 1 can realize omnidirectional scanning emission with a vertical angle of 12°.

The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array described in this embodiment can also use piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in 32 working modes to replace piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in 31 working modes; Piezoelectric materials such as ceramics or crystals.

Referring to Fig. 1-shown in Fig. 5, in the optional solution of this embodiment, the quantity of receiving transducer array 2 is one or more; When the quantity of receiving transducer array 2 is multiple, multiple receiving transducer arrays The sensor array 2 is arranged in the axial direction of the structural member 4; a plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 can be arranged in one or more places in the axial direction of the structural member 4; when a plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are arranged in one place , multiple receiving transducer arrays 2 are located above or below the transmitting transducer array 1; when multiple receiving transducer arrays 2 are arranged in multiple places, multiple receiving transducer arrays 2 are located Any number of places above, in the middle and below.

Optionally, a plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4; that is, a plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are equally spaced along the circumference.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, each receiving transducer array 2 includes a plurality of receiving transducers along the circumferential direction of the structural member 4 . In this embodiment, the number of receiving transducers is determined by factors such as the operating frequency and orientation accuracy of the receiving transducers.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the receiving transducer array 2 is a circular array.

Referring to Fig. 1-shown in Fig. 5, in the optional solution of this embodiment, the receiving transducers of two adjacent receiving transducer arrays 2 are arranged staggered; by receiving transducers staggered arrangement, to reduce the receiving transducer Device spacing, improve positioning accuracy.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 31 working modes. The receive vertical beam angle 21 is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1-4 .

Under the condition that the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic is limited, the piezoelectric ceramic of the 31 working mode can realize the reception of medium and low frequencies, and has a larger beam width at the same time. The receiving transducer array 2 can realize large-scale and high-precision signal reception through signal processing. For example, when a PZT-4 ceramic with a size of 31mm ^L × 12.5mm ^W × 10mm ^T is used as a receiving transducer (the receiving surface is 12.5mm ^W × 10mm ^T ), its operating frequency is about 50kHz, 3dB The beam width is approximately 120°×146°. When 32 receiving transducers are divided into 2 rows to form a circular array (that is, a single receiving transducer array 2 includes 16 receiving transducers, and the 16 receiving transducers are equally spaced along the circumference), its circumferential positioning The accuracy can reach 11°, and the vertical detection range can reach 73°-90° (the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is installed on the bottom of the fishing boat, which is very close to the water surface. When the receiving transducer is installed perpendicular to the circumferential surface, its The vertical detection range is half of the vertical beam width; when the receiving transducer is installed at a certain angle to the circumferential surface, the vertical detection range can reach 90°). Therefore, the transmitting transducer array 1 can realize omni-directional scanning transmission with a vertical accuracy of 12°, and the receiving transducer array 2 can realize large-scale reception with a circumferential positioning accuracy of 11° and a vertical detection range of 73°-90°. The combination of the two can realize large-scale and even all-round target detection with a circumferential × vertical accuracy of 11° × 12° and a circumferential × vertical range of 360° × (73°-90°). The working frequency of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is medium and low frequency, which can realize long-distance target detection. In addition, another advantage of the design of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is that it can achieve omnidirectional long-distance high-precision detection with fewer array elements (transmitting transducers and receiving transducers).

The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array described in this embodiment can also use piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in 32 working modes to replace piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in 31 working modes; that is, the receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in 32 working modes. Piezoelectric materials such as ceramics or crystals.

Referring to Fig. 1-shown in Fig. 5, in the optional solution of this embodiment, along the circumferential direction of the structural member 4, the number of receiving transducers of a single receiving transducer array 2 can be determined by the operating frequency and It is determined by factors such as orientation accuracy, and is generally greater than the number of transmitting transducer arrays 1 . Optionally, along the circumferential direction of the structural member 4 , the number of receiving transducers of a single receiving transducer array 2 is greater than the number of transmitting transducer arrays 1 .

Optionally, along the axial direction of the structural member 4 , the number of receiving transducer arrays 2 is smaller than the number of transmitting transducers of a single transmitting transducer array 1 .

In the optional solution of this embodiment, at least part of the receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member 4 (as shown in Figures 1 and 2), or at least part of the receiving transducers are inclined downwards (as shown in Figure 3-Fig. 5).

Optionally, all receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 2;

Alternatively, all the receiving transducers are inclined downward at the same angle, as shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 5 . Optionally, all receiving transducers are inclined downward at an angle of 20°-70°, for example, at an angle of 30°, 38°, 45°, 56° or 60°.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in an optional solution of this embodiment, the transceiver array 3 includes one or more transceivers and displacement transducers.

The working frequency of the transceiver and the displacement transducer is one or a combination of medium-high frequency, medium-frequency and medium-low frequency. Fig. 5 schematically shows the mid-high frequency beam angle 31, the mid-frequency beam angle 32 and the mid-low frequency beam angle 33.

The working frequency of the transceiver and displacement transducer adopts medium and low frequency, which can realize longer-distance target detection. The energy device array 3 can realize multi-beam detection, so that the detection range is wider. For example, when a piece of ceramic with a size of φ30mm×10mm and an appropriate matching layer are used to form a transceiver, its working frequency is multi-frequency: 63kHz, 120kHz, 160kHz-280kHz, and its 3dB beam width is 40° @63kHz, 21°@120kHz, 13°@200kHz. Among them, 40°@63kHz means that the 3dB beamwidth at 63kHz is 40°, 21°@120kHz means that the 3dB beamwidth at 120kHz is 21°, and 13°@200kHz means that the 3dB beamwidth at 200kHz is 13°. When seven transceivers and displacement transducers are used to form a convex array of transceivers and displacement transducers 3, the detection of 7 beams can be realized, so that the detection range is wider. Among them, the medium and low frequency 63kHz can realize long-distance detection, and the medium and high broadband 160kHz-280kHz can realize the imaging of close-range targets, and can display more abundant details.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the structural member 4 is made of a rigid material; in this embodiment, the structural member 4 may be a shell of an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, a sensor is disposed inside the structural member 4 . The sensor can be arranged at any suitable position inside the structural member 4 .

Optionally, the sensor includes but not limited to a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor and a pressure sensor; Optionally, the sensor includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor and a pressure sensor; or the sensor also includes other types of sensors .

The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array described in this embodiment can realize medium and low frequency transmission and reception by using piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in 31 working modes for both the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, and at the same time The structure is simple, which reduces the processing requirements for ceramics and the production requirements for transducers, is not restricted by the limited thickness of the ceramic polarization direction, and can realize long-distance detection. By adopting the combination of a plurality of transmitting transducer arrays 1 and receiving transducer arrays 2, high-precision and omnidirectional long-distance detection can be realized with fewer transducers, guiding the direction of the fishing boat. Through the transceiving and displacing transducer array 3 arranged at the bottom of the structural member 4, multi-band and wide-band detection can be performed with a simple structure, realizing long-distance target detection and short-range target imaging, and showing more abundant details.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array, is characterized in that, comprises transmitting transducer array, receiving transducer array, sending and receiving combined displacement transducer array, structural member and sound-permeable sealant; Both the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array are connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member; and along the axial direction of the structural member, the receiving transducer array is arranged on the transmitting transducer array above and/or below the array; The transceiver array is connected to the bottom of the structure; The transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array adopt medium and low frequency operating frequencies; the transmitting and receiving transducer arrays adopt medium and high frequency or multi-frequency operating frequencies; The sound-transmitting sealant is connected to the structural member, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array, and the transceiving and displacing transducer array are respectively sealed in the sound-transmitting sealant ; The acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array, and the transceiving and displacing transducer array can be respectively transmitted to the outside of the sound-transmitting sealant. 2. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of the emitting transducer arrays is multiple; a plurality of the emitting transducer arrays are arranged at intervals in the structure the circumferential direction of the piece; Along the axial direction of the structure, each of the transmitting transducer arrays includes one or more transmitting transducers. 3. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 2, characterized in that, a plurality of said emitting transducer arrays are arranged on said structural member at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; The transmitting transducer array is a linear array; Along the axial direction of the structural member, a plurality of the emitting transducers are arranged in alignment; The transmitting transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 31 working modes, or the transmitting transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 32 working modes. 4. omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the quantity of described receiving transducer array is one or more; When the quantity of described receiving transducer array is multiple , a plurality of the receiving transducer arrays are arranged in the axial direction of the structural member; Each of the receiving transducer arrays includes a plurality of receiving transducers along the circumference of the structure. 5. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 4, characterized in that, a plurality of said receiving transducers are evenly spaced on the circumferential direction of said structural member; The receiving transducer array is a circular array. 6. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 4, wherein the receiving transducers of two adjacent receiving transducer arrays are arranged alternately; The receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 31 working modes, or the receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramics or crystals with 32 working modes. 7. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 4, characterized in that, along the circumferential direction of the structural member, the number of the receiving transducers of a single receiving transducer array is greater than The number of the transmitting transducer arrays; along the axial direction of the structural member, the number of the receiving transducer arrays is less than the number of the transmitting transducers of a single transmitting transducer array; At least part of the receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member, or at least part of the receiving transducers are inclined downward. 8. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 7, wherein all the receiving transducers are arranged radially of the structural member; Alternatively, all the receiving transducers are inclined downward at the same angle. 9. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein the transceiving and displacing transducer array comprises one or more transceiving and displacing transducers; The working frequency of the transceiving and displacing transducer is one or a combination of medium-high frequency, medium-frequency and medium-low frequency. 10. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein the structural member is made of rigid material; Sensors are arranged inside the structure; the sensors include one or more of temperature sensors, salinity sensors and pressure sensors.

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